David Simmons
Senior Architect, Red Hat Virtualization
Senior Architect, Red Hat Virtualization
Red Hat VDI
AGENDA
Open Source and the Evolution of Virtualization
Desktop VDI Value Components
Real VDI TCO
The Future of the Desktop and the savings
Open Source and the Evolution of Virtualization
Desktop VDI Value Components
What is a virtual desktop?
Similar to a virtual server, a virtual desktop is an operating system instance separated from its physical environment. This encapsulates the operating system to give full portability
throughout the enterprise. Access to the desktop is provided via an end physical personal computer or thin client.
Operating system runs in a hypervisor thus all CPU instructions and disk I/O is executed on a Red Hat Server running KVM
Entire user environment is “streamed” to the end
Graphical desktop is “drawn” over the network to the end
Mouse movements and keyboard strokes are translated from the end device to the virtual session
Similar to a virtual server, a virtual desktop is an operating system instance separated from its physical environment. This encapsulates the operating system to give full portability
throughout the enterprise. Access to the desktop is provided via an end-device such as a Operating system runs in a hypervisor thus all CPU instructions and disk I/O is executed on a
Entire user environment is “streamed” to the end-user
Graphical desktop is “drawn” over the network to the end-device
Q & A
Is a virtual desktop the same as Microsoft Terminal Services or Citrix?
NO
Virtual Desktops run a unique copy of the operating system and deliver an isolated environment to the end-user. Terminal Services and Citrix share an operating system with the users with no isolation
What is the impact of the end-client device in a virtual desktop
environment?
All computations and network and disk I/O operations occur on the server which makes the end-client computing power irrelevant. However, the
graphics capabilities of the end-device directly control the user experience.
Q & A
Is a virtual desktop the same as Microsoft Terminal Services or Citrix?
Virtual Desktops run a unique copy of the operating system and deliver an user. Terminal Services and Citrix share an operating system with the users with no isolation
client device in a virtual desktop
All computations and network and disk I/O operations occur on the server client computing power irrelevant. However, the
A hosted desktop virtualization solution in which entire desktop
images run inside virtual machines on a server.
Users access their desktops from a thin client or PC with
a browser using either Red Hat’s SPICE protocol or RDP.
A virtual desktop is the user’s entire work environment
i.e. the entire display pixel for pixel, cursor, keyboard, audio, plus all applications, data and storage.
Red Hat Virtual Desktop Solution
Each desktop is dedicated to a user. Provides complete isolation
from other users’ desktops.
Bottom Line:
•
Significant reduction of TCO
•
Unsurpassed desktop manageability
•
Superior user experience, same as a physical PC
data and storage.
A hosted desktop virtualization solution in which entire desktop
images run inside virtual machines on a server.
Users access their desktops from a thin client or PC with
a browser using either Red Hat’s SPICE protocol or RDP.
A virtual desktop is the user’s entire work environment
i.e. the entire display pixel for pixel, cursor, keyboard, audio, plus all applications,
Red Hat Virtual Desktop Solution
Each desktop is dedicated to a user. Provides complete isolation
Unsurpassed desktop manageability
Superior end-user experience
Indistinguishable from a physical PC on a LAN
Quad monitor support
Others only offer single monitor support
USB 1.1 and 2.0 support
Thumb drives, blackberry, cameras
Designed originally for Virtual Desktop environments
Other vendors offer a repackaged server solution
Differentiation
First fully-integrated end-to
No 3rd party components
Open Source Linux-based
Leverages existing scheduler, memory mgnt
Others use a proprietary operating system based upon Linux
user experience
Indistinguishable from a physical PC on a LAN
Others only offer single monitor support
Designed originally for Virtual Desktop environments
Other vendors offer a repackaged server solution
Differentiation
to-end desktop solution
Background
3rd Generation Hypervisor Invented by Qumranet in 2006 Open Source Community
•Integrated into the Linux Kernel
•Leverages Hardware Acceleration (AMD-V or Intel VT)
KVM (Kernel Virtual Machine) Hypervisor
•Advantages over traditional hypervisors
•Small footprint less the 25,000 lines of code which reduces hypervisor overhead •Leverages Proven Linux Scheduler and handles each virtual machine as a process •Uses native Linux drivers optimized for specific hardware platforms
Background
3rd Generation Hypervisor Invented by Qumranet in 2006- Released to the
V or Intel VT)
KVM (Kernel Virtual Machine) Hypervisor
Advantages over traditional hypervisors
Background
KVM turns a base Red Hat Server into a full hypervisor special kernel needed
Virtual Machine (Desktop) 1
•Qumranet Ethernet Adapter •Qumranet Disk Drive
Virtual Machine (Desktop) 2
•Qumranet Ethernet Adapter •Qumranet Disk Drive
Physical CPU
Bare Metal
Physical Disk Controller Device Drivers and Modules
Intel V or AMD Extension
KVM Hypervisor
Background
KVM turns a base Red Hat Server into a full hypervisor – No
KVM utilizes
hardware-assist virtualization
technologies from Intel
and AMD
Each Virtual Machine is a
process within Linux
Physical Disk Controller Physical Networking Controller Linux Kernel Device Drivers and Modules
Background
VMware – Pure Binary Translation
(Later Added Intel and AMD Hardware Acceleration)
XEN – Uses DOM0 Domain for IO Traffic
Background
User
physical PC
30+ frames per second video Supports flash and other graphics Bi
(for video
Multi
USB 1.1 and 2.0 support
Adaptive remote rendering solution
`
Spice Driver
Spice Device
Host Guest
Spice – Rendering Protocol
Adaptive remote rendering solution
Utilizes GPU of the server and/or client Of
client (if powerful)
Improves desktop density on the server
Minimizes server side rendering (adaptive
behavior) `
Spice Client
Thin Client/Desktop Windows/Linux based
er experience indistinguishable from
physical PC
30+ frames per second video Supports flash and other graphics
Bi-directional audio and video for (for video -conferencing/phone)
Multi-monitor support (4+ monitors) USB 1.1 and 2.0 support
Adaptive remote rendering solution
Adaptive remote rendering solution
Utilizes GPU of the server and/or client
Offloads graphics processing/rendering to client (if powerful)
Improves desktop density on the server
Why deploy a virtual desktop?
The major reason for deploying a virtual desktop is the reduction of capital
and maintenance expenditures when compared to a physical personal
computer. Virtual Desktops from any competitor deliver the following:
HARD Costs
Reduction in Capital Expenditures Reduction in Capital Expenditures
Average physical desktop cost is $700.00. Virtual Desktops allow a customer to reuse their existing personal computers as dumb terminals or use thin clients. Thin clients range from $300 to $500 in capital costs and have up
eight years of life.
Reduction in power. Thin Clients typically use 15W physical PC
Why deploy a virtual desktop? -- The ROI
The major reason for deploying a virtual desktop is the reduction of capital
and maintenance expenditures when compared to a physical personal
computer. Virtual Desktops from any competitor deliver the following:
Virtual Desktops
Hard Dollar Savings – Identify the “Event”
Desktop Refresh
Red Hat’s RHEV-D Solution can save customers significant amounts of money during an “event.” The event is when customers are going through a hardware refresh cycle:
Extend the life of current Personal Computer 1 -2 years Replace $700 Personal Computers with $300 Thin Clients Replace $700 Personal Computers with $300 Thin Clients
When does this event occur?
Most customers deploy desktops in a staggered refresh fashion usually every three to four years. Three year refresh is common in environments where desktops are leased, four-year occurs mostly in environments where the assets are owned.
Virtual Desktops
Identify the “Event”
D Solution can save customers significant amounts of money during an “event.” The event is when customers are going through a hardware refresh cycle:
2 years Replace $700 Personal Computers with $300 Thin Clients Replace $700 Personal Computers with $300 Thin Clients
Most customers deploy desktops in a staggered refresh fashion usually every three to four years. Three year refresh is common in environments where desktops are leased,
Virtual Desktops
Hard Dollar Savings – Continued
Power Savings “Green Initiative”
Using Thin Clients, the reduction of power is nearly 40%. A typical Personal Computer with a 150W Power Supply will cost at a minimum, $56.00 a year to operate vs. $14.00 for a thin client.
Virtual Desktops
Virtual Desktops
Soft Dollar Savings
Reduce Deskside Visits
With the entire desktop virtualized, the need for desktop deskside visits is eliminated. Using a FTE (Full Time Employee) Rate of $75.00, this reduces deskside visits by 4 hours a year by $300.00 /
Reduce Desktop Conversion Time Reduce Desktop Conversion Time
When customers transition from one desktop platform to another, either the desktop is re imaged or the entire environment is reloaded. Encapsulating a desktop within a virtual
machines eliminates this time consuming tasks. Even with enterprise deployment tools, this arduous task still takes 6 hours or $450.00 of FTE time.
Virtual Desktops
With the entire desktop virtualized, the need for desktop deskside visits is eliminated. Using a FTE (Full Time Employee) Rate of $75.00, this reduces deskside visits by 4 hours a year by
When customers transition from one desktop platform to another, either the desktop is re-imaged or the entire environment is reloaded. Encapsulating a desktop within a virtual
Area SavingsTypical Rationale
Help desk 50% Simplified environment reduces complexity and support calls Moves, adds and changes typically do not require IT support
Network engineering and
support 50%
All traffic is over HTTPS
No need for complex firewall configuration and administration
Desk-side PC support 90% Desk-side support, other than for hardware failures, is eliminated Security and user
administration 75%
Administration is policy
administer their own entitlements (rule
Power & cooling 60% Blade and Thin Client solution gives maximum power efficiency
Area SavingsTypical Rationale
Software distribution staff 50% Packaging happens once for servers and desktops
Software distribution is gradually replaced with software publishing
Desktop engineering 75% The need for complex desktop engineering is eliminated though the combination of wrapping applications and moving to a central model
Security engineering 50% Security administration eased through the introduction of a simplified infrastructure
Simplified environment reduces complexity and support calls Moves, adds and changes typically do not require IT support
All traffic is over HTTPS
No need for complex firewall configuration and administration
side support, other than for hardware failures, is eliminated Administration is policy-based and authorized users can be allowed to administer their own entitlements (rule-based, delegated admin)
Blade and Thin Client solution gives maximum power efficiency
Packaging happens once for servers and desktops
Software distribution is gradually replaced with software publishing
The need for complex desktop engineering is eliminated though the combination of wrapping applications and moving to a central model
Security administration eased through the introduction of a simplified
• Separate, physical network isolation for user
console access
• Encrypted Data Stream
• Pass-Through USB (if desired)
• Bi-Directional Audio and Support for Web Cams
Red Hat SPICE – Securing your data
18
3rd Party Hosting Off Shore Hosting Facility
Un-Secured Network
Virtual Desktop Console
Virtual Desktop Console
TELCO Equipment
• SPICE
• 32-bit color • HD Resolution
• 1,2 and 4 monitor support • 30 fps full-motion video capable
Securing your data
eth0 Equipment LAC0 --eth1 LAC0 eth0 LAC0 --eth1 LAC0
3rd Party Hosting Off Shore Hosting Facility Secured Network
Virtual Desktop Infrastructure
Hardware, Software, Lease, Warranty
Total Cost of PC Ownership
End-user Acquisition Costs Costs Costs Support, Training, Downtime 51% 29% 11% 9%
VDI reduces end-user costs by 65% vs. typically managed PC environment
VDI reduces operations costs by 30% vs. typically managed PC environment
Ex. Virtual Desktops can reduce Setup & Deployment by 50% (4 hours per PC to less than 2 hours per thin client)
Procuring, Tracking, IT Training
Setup, Deployment, Repair, Recovery
Administration Operations $1,000 $2,000 $3,000 $4,000 $5,000
Over 35%
reduction
in TCO!
Virtual Desktop Infrastructure
Hardware, Software, Lease, Warranty
Acquisition
Virtual Client can lower TCO by reducing cost of operations and end-user support.
(Source: Gartner Research) $0
Typically Managed Desktop PC
Virtual Client
$4000 TCO per desktop ($1000 avg acquisition cost) $7600 TCO per laptop ($1900 avg acquisition cost)
vs.
