Widespread adoption of fuel cells is limited by need for high purity hydrogen
oHigh purity = high cost
oLimited by hydrogen distribution, storage capacity
Fuel Cell Marketplace
A fuel cell that can operate “hot” can be fed with low grade hydrogen
oUse existing low cost infrastructure like natural gas, propane, and methanol oLonger run times using existing distribution and storage technology
Advent’s novel hot technology combines the best in low cost manufacturing with ideal operating temperature
oUses next generation plastic electrolyte films stable at high temperature oMakes fuel cell systems simpler and lower cost
Fuel Cell Technology is shifting to units that operate at higher temperature
•Operate better with fuels other than hydrogen like natural gas
•See recent success of Bloom Energy and FuelCell Energy
Advent Technologies
Inc.
Advent is the leader in High Temperature Membrane Electrode Assemblies (HT MEA)
•Used in latest generation of High Temperature Proton Exchange Membrane (PEM) fuel cells and in hydrogen separation
March 2014, completed license agreement with BASF. The agreement included:
•Immediate revenue stream from BASF’s MEA customers (PBI based membrane)
•BASF’s MEA client roster to initiate qualification of Advent membrane
•Access to BASF’s electrode for use with Advent’s TPS membrane
o “Mates a superior electrode to a superior membrane”
Provides near term revenue stream, accounts with commercial systems, and path to maintain or convert former PBI customers to Advent’s TPS membrane
Company & Product History
Advent’s revolutionary HT MEA technology is the result of years of R&D
and private investment
Selected European and Greek Grant Funding
- JOULE III 1998-2001 - APOLLON 2002-2005 - PYTHAGORAS 2004-2006 - PEMHYGEN 2003-2007 - PROMETHEAS 2002-2006 - APOLLON-B 2006-2009 - DEMMEA 2010-2012 - DEMSTACK 2013- 2016 - EUROSTARS 2010-2012 - ESA 2014-2017 Product Development - University of Patras, Polymer Chemistry Laboratory - FORTH-ICEHT, Electrocatalysis Laboratory - Northeastern University NUCRET Center
Financial and Strategic Investor Funding - Connecticut Innovations - Piraeus Bank VC - Systems Sunlight - VCI
Funding
from both
Institutional
and Strategic
Investors
----16 Years of
R&D
4R&D Laboratories
Synthesis Laboratory Small scale Polymer Synthesis
Existing pilot production
Electrode Coater Large scale Polymer Synthesis
FCs 101: The Basics
Why all the talk about the “PEM” aka Proton Exchange Membrane?
The properties of the membrane are key to deciding whether the fuel cell stack can operate at Low Temperatures
(60oC-80oC) “LT PEM”, or High
Temperatures (120oC-150oC+) “HT PEM”
What is a hydrogen Fuel Cell (FC) and how does it work?
Membrane
Membrane Electrode Assembly
“the Stack” Fuel Cell End Product
FCs 101 continued: Types of FCs and Applications
Applications
Automotive Back up power (extended run )+
-HT-PEM
High quality heat
Uses Pt
LT-PEM
Fast start up
Low quality heat
SOFC
Solid Oxide
No Pt in fuel cell stack
Early stage technology Unproven lifetime
PAFC
Phosphoric Acid Established 80k hr warrantee High manufacture costsMCFC
Molten Carbonate No Pt in FC stack Unproven lifetime 8 Combined Heat and Power (CHP) Back up power (extended run) Back up power Prime power (ie: Telecom, Data) Combined Heat and Power (CHP) Combined Heat and Power (CHP)HT PEM Fuel Cell System
Solar Energy Wind Energy Hydropower Electrolysis Gas Processor Hydrocarbons •Natural gas •Methanol •DieselHydrogen Fuel Cell System
Heat Power Electrical Power
Advent TPS® MEA
Catalyst
Membrane
Gas Diffusion Layer
Refomer PCI, CT
HT PEM Fuel Cells typical electrical efficiency ~40%; with captured heat >90%
HT-PEM technology
Advent TPS
®
Advantage
0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 140 160 180 200 1 2 3 E @ 0 .2 A /c m ² [V ] T [°C] p CO [%] PBI TPS® • A hybrid of proven phosphoric acid technology with the simplicity of apolymer membrane electrode assembly
• No humidification necessary
• Tolerance to impurities in hydrogen gas
• e.g. High level of CO is tolerated due to the high operating temperature
• Low Cost
• Amenable to large scale manufacturing
• Tough material operates under differential pressure
• Operates at 180oC: next gen shows potential >200oC • Strong IP portfolio covering base technology (>28 patents)
HT-PEM technology is a perfect fit for natural gas as hydrogen source
Fuel Cell Systems have been used for decades in numerous industrial and commercial applications
(relevant companies and applications summarized in table on slide 9)
LT PEM vs HT PEM
The vast majority of these applications use a LT PEM (Low Temperature PEM) fuel cell,
because the most widely used commercial membrane (developed by DuPont) cannot
operate at high temperatures
Low Temperature FCs (60oC-80oC) come with numerous setbacks, some of which are: •Need expensive clean hydrogen fuel (cannot handle carbon monoxide, CO)
•Produce lots of liquid water (which requires disposal, and limits FC’s use at sub-freezing temperatures)
•As the membrane cannot operate at high temperatures, “hot” applications (like, internal combustion automotive) are no-go
LT PEM vs HT PEM
Enter HT PEM (High Temperature PEM), which operate at 120oC-200oC:
•High temperature fuel cells can handle CO, and thus can be operated on reformed gas (which is much cheaper than pure hydrogen)
•High temperature fuel cells do not have water management issue (burns off as steam, or redirected into heat-energy application)
•Can operate in extremely hot, or extremely cold conditions
Unfortunately, low temperature MEAs benefited from a highly developed membrane, and BASF’s PBI membrane, while capable of higher temperature, is not quite hot enough.
ADVENT’S BREAKTHROUGH TPS® HT MEMBRANE ELECTRODE ASSEMBLY SOLVES THE
TEMPERATURE PROBLEM AND BOOTRAPS YEARS OF BASF DEVELOPMENT TO PRODUCE AN ADVANCED MEA. AS A RESULT, ADVENT IS POISED TO BECOME THE DOMINANT SUPPLIER OF HT MEMBRANE ELECTRODE ASSEMBLIES TO A MULTITUDE OF MARKETS AND END USERS
Doosan Co. Ltd (purchased assets ClearEdge Power 2014) Fuji Secure CHP Commercial CHP
Current Market Applications for LT & HT PEM
[U/R, Order Applications]
LT PEM
(60oC-80oC) Power: 1 kW – 200 kWHT PEM
(120oC-190oC+) Power: 1 kW – 10 MWPhosphoric Acid
(200oC))
Power: 250 kW-10 MWCompany
Application
Company
Application
Company
Application
UTC Ballard Hydra Hydrogenics Plug Power Toshiba Toyota Sanyo Panasonic Many More… Buses Buses CHP (Residential) Forklift, Backup Forklifts µCHP Cars Portable Power µCHP Many More… Siqens SerEnergy UltraCell Fuel Cell Energy CHP
Cell phone towers Battery Charger Hydrogen Purification
Low temperature applications will continue to expand in only niche areas where the value can offset the expense of creating a pure hydrogen supply. High temperature MEAs overcome this limitation by being well matched to hydrogen made in low cost reformers.
ADVENT’S MEA FOR HT PEM HAS A DECISIVE ADVANTAGE IN VIRTUALLY ALL LT PEM APPLICATIONS – OFFERING A SIGNIFICANT MARKET OPPORTUNITY
Summary of Total Market
(http://www.fuelcelltoday.com/ 2013
Industry Review)
Stationary growth fueled by units that produce heat and power in Asia
(http://www.fuelcelltoday.com/ 2013 Industry Review)
List of representative projects
15
Project acronym Contract number Funding body Title Advent
DEMMEA 245156 FCH-JU Understanding the Degradation Mechanisms of Membrane-Electrode-Assembly for High Temperature PEMFCs and Optimization of the Individual Components
Coordinator
IRAFC 245202 FCH-JU Development of an Internal Reforming Alcohol High Temperature PEM Fuel Cell Stack
Coordinator
SPIN OFF SPIN OUT
1KAIN2009A General Secretariat of Research and Technology, Hellas
Combined system of hydrogen and energy production
Sole contractor
Eurostars No: E!5094 Eureka Development of a combined hydrogen and power production system with high temperature PEM fuel cells
Coordinator
Odikes 09SYN-51453 General Secretariat of Research and Technology, Hellas
Design and development of a hybrid power system for automotive vehicles
List of representative projects
16
Project acronym Contract number Title Advent
IRMFC 32538 Development of a Portable Internal Reforming Methanol High Temperature PEM
Fuel Cell System
Partner
DEMSTACK 325368 Understanding the degradation mechanisms of a high temperature PEMFC stack and optimization of the individual components
Partner
ESA 4000109578/13/NL /SC
Development of a closed loop Regenerative HT-PEM Fuel Cell system
Case for Advent
Growth in the fuel cell sector is driven by applications with higher temperature.
The stationary fuel cell market is expected to experience very strong growth over the coming years.
Investor support for the fuel cell sector is expected to be very strong. IPO for Bloom Energy is expected in Q4 2014.
Advent has a unique opportunity to capture the entire High Temperature MEA market and be a key player in the sector.
Advent has all the elements of success:
• Right markets (stationary power) and world class technology
• Correct structure for maximum ROI (EU, USA locations)
• Excellent team with ability to forward integrate to stacks and systems once HT MEA monopoly is established.