Design of Cloud Computing based ERP model
Raj Kumar Somani, Research Scholar, CES Dept., MJRP University, Jaipur Dr. Reena Dadhich, Professor, CS & Informatics, University of Kota, Kota
ABSTRACT
The paper puts forward by cloud based architecture as a framework for ERP system. First, it describes the theory and development of ERP system than analyzes the principle of the ERP system in detail which is based on cloud architecture, and discusses the advantages of the ERP system that uses this method to design; finally, it presents the shortcomings and future development trends of this kind of cloud based ERP system.
Keywords
ERP, Cloud computing, Mobile computing.
1. INTRODUCTION
This ERP (Enterprise Resource Planning) is the information system about the management of the enterprise, which is developed on information technology and systematic management thinking, decision-making for businesses and employees to run the means to provide decision management platform, and it can integrate all resources of enterprise. It is an effort to provide regional, cross-departmental, and also cross-company integration of real-time information management system. Through controlling and managing corporate sales, procurement, production, logistics, human resources, production equipment, capital and other resources, to achieve the optimal allocation of resources within the enterprise, to improve production efficiency and market responsiveness[1][2].
ERP is a management philosophy, which relates the internal resources and business with external resources. By ERP software, we can integrate the material, production, supply, marketing, financial and related logistics, information flow, manage flow, cash flow, value flow, and others, to achieve resource optimization & sharing. ERP system includes all steps of the process of production management, and plays an irreplaceable role [11][12].
This paper, using cloud-based ERP system architecture and application, aims to construct common, open features, to meet the integrated requirements of manufacturing, and to support network applications. ERP systems can support enterprise customization and the rapid implementation with the new cloud based system architecture. We achieve real time of ERP system, for enterprise.
The role of Internet, web services on Cloud and mobile computing is considerable in ERP without these tool no one industry can survive or make relevant strategies in cut thought competition in business scenario. In coming future we can’t think about ERP without Cloud computing and mobile computing.
MOBILE COMPUTING:
Mobile computing is a common term used to refer to a variety of devices that allow people to access data and information from where ever they are.
CLOUD COMPUTING:
The Data center hardware & software is called a cloud. Web services & applications are hosted on cloud & can be accessed through internet [6].
Cloud computing has been an important computing method to provide computing as the utility (after water, electricity, telephony and gas) to meet the everyday needs of the general business community. Cloud Computing refers to the applications, the hardware and software delivered as services over the Internet [1].
CLOUD SERVICES:
Clouds are four types which are public, private, community & hybrid. Here we use hybrid cloud for information sharing & low cost ERP working. Cloud Computing provides three types of service models such as Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS), Platform as a Service (PaaS) & Software as a Service (SaaS)[4] [6].
Cloud computing integrates various latest technology such as data warehousing, mining , knowledge management, decision support system, mobile computing, wireless technology, 3G services, high performance computing, Industrial Robots, Automated Machine , remote sensing, satellite technology , Web base geographic information system(GIS), Model-base management system, Spatial database management system. This system provides information about production field’s data which helps in decision making. This system has alert system for any abnormal situation.
This system increases the profitability of the business & SME by reducing the cost of production. In the cloud computing based ERP system provides following universal vales.
1 Initial cost reduction in IT (reducing capex). 2 Resources are available on demand on rent.
3 Upgradation & Maintenance, Scalability are easy on cloud.
4 Rapid development & integration with other services on cloud are easy.
5 Best practices are applied in Business scenario.
II. ERP SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT
STATUS
In Europe, USA and other developed countries, the applications of ERP systems are very popular, and the majority of medium and small enterprises have been widely used ERP systems. All Countries have already put ERP as the pillar of enterprise survival in the modern digital era. Agile enterprise logistics system and global supply chain management technology are being currently accepted by many enterprises.
These days ERP system areas have scope beyond the enterprise resource planning and management. E-commerce has entered the stage of collaborative management circumstances, and will lead to emergence a new generation of ERP systems, which faces global production system. Many people are talking about the future of ERP system, such as e-ERP, after the ERPI, ERPII, iERP etc.[14]. These views are given by the people who have different points on the trend of ERP system. According to new development trend and management thinking for ERP system, a new generation of ERP must continue to attract advanced management ideas and management models, and to take the advantage of the technological innovation about Internet so that the whole software system is developed on the cloud [3][13].
Requirements of the enterprise’s are Qos-enabled (Quality of services), secure and scalable system. The enterprises should have a capability of providing their business management services with internal or external interoperable mechanism which can be easily deployed within various cloud models.
User’s requirements are a simplified interface with adaptability and self-learning capability that should cover transparent pricing, metering and service level agreements (SLAs). A user-centric privacy, encryption-decryption will increase the stability and usability of ERP-cloud services.
Requirements of service provider’s are efficient service architecture to support infrastructure and services is needed in order to provide virtualized and dynamic services. A well-organized and secured data management and storage mechanism is herewith required along with a smart cost model [5].
III. ANALYSIS OF SYSTEM
E-commerce has provided fruitful ground for the people who want to gain the rapid development of the company in the coming century. Actual development of ERP is to come when there appears Client - Server architecture. The scalability of the traditional ERP software has become a major problem with the growing popularity of the Internet [10]. This scalability problem of traditional ERP is solve out by cloud based ERP. Software that modify from a single large structural to the components, from the two-tier structure to three-two-tier architecture has become a practice. Internet causes a new field to the ERP development. Modern ERP systems are closely connected together with the Internet and e-commerce. SAP (Systems Applications and Products in Data Processing), Oracle, PeopleSoft, JD Edwards and other major ERP systems have full Internet capabilities [9][13].
Generally ERP systems (back office) are considered as the backbone of e -commerce solutions, because in the absence of the support of a powerful back-end computer system (ERP system), the success of front-end e-commerce solution is unimaginable [2].
With the development of computer and information technology, communication technology & distributed systems, to use computers for enterprise management has improved enterprise management level, and has become essential. The development of enterprise management information system has developed in several phases, from early-click system, file server system, to client - server system, Web-based browser - server system and recently cloud based ERP system.
Cloud computing system is based on multi-tier distributed architecture; it is developed by the continuous advancement of Internet technology. In this structure, the user interface is implemented by the internet browser, the main business logic is implemented at application layer of the cloud. With the development of browser technology, this structure can achieve the powerful features such as scalability, virtualizations, global availability etc. It is a new internet based technology for software system construction and use.
Fig 1.1-Layered Architecture of ERP on Cloud
Generalized form of this system is represented in broadly in three layers. Each layer provides different services. First layer having cloud resources such as hardware, servers, storage and networking .Cloud resources are virtualized and managed in second layer and provided whenever resources required by the application. Generally hyperviser (Vmware, Kvm ,Xen etc) are used for virtualization[3]. Here pricing model is defined usually in terms of dollars per hours. Metering of resources also take place on this layer. This layer is backed by a core middleware platform this is responsible for creating the abstract environment where application are deployed and executed. This layer also provides scalability, fault-tolerance, API’s and libraries etc. Runtime environment for applications are provided by the second layer and used by Google AppEngine. At the top of second layer services are provided on demand basis such as office automation, ERP services by replicating on cloud service provider infrastructures [1].
Figure 1.2 Basic architecture on the cloud.
This Basic architecture of ERP on cloud is shown in Figure 1.2
IV SYSTEM STRUCTURE
Web services on cloud are the basis for collaborative business applications， under an open platform, Web services components can visit by standard protocols, to realize collaboration across the information. Web system architecture on cloud is shown Figure1.3.
User (Internet Browser)
ERP Application as a (Goggle
Apps)
Google App Engine
Virtual Machine
CPU, Memory, Band Width Cloud Resources( Servers, Storage etc)
VM Management & Deployment, SLA Management, Monitoring, Metering, Pricing, Execution management Cloud Programming ,Web 2.0,Interfaces, Distributed
Programming, work flows, Libraries, Scripting, ERP Engine
Figure1.3 Cloud based ERP system using GoogleAppEngine
In the above fig 1.3, the client layer corresponds to the internet browser which is included in web database application system structure on the cloud. It supports many clients, and connects to the software Web services through the portal service on cloud. Service layer corresponds to the web server on the cloud. It realizes whole business logic, including the time transformation logic, business logic, workflow logic and data access logic. These logics are encapsulated as a unified Web server on the cloud to provide access to the client. Background data integration layer corresponds to database server on the cloud using bigtables. It provides access to service various data sources, these data sources can be one, more or distributed databases [4].
Managers query and browse a different type of enterprise resource information, which is stored in the big tables of Google cloud, by the internet browser. When users get through the cloud gateway authentication, the internet browser will display the require information of the users
that have been stored in the Google database server on the cloud. A new business model can be developed into the ERP system, to achieve synchronization operation between information system and business environment.
V. FEATURES OF SYSTEM
Cloud service is an independent module application. Its hardware operating system and programming environment are open and independent. Programmers do not need to complete the process from starting to end. The component-based model helps developers to reuse code modules that developed by others, with a new approach helps in the collection and expansion the existing modules. Initially these modules are developed in Java, Python and Go programming and uploaded using Google Appengine launcher.
Cloud based ERP Services are a component-based software platform and service-oriented Internet applications. Web services are used on the cloud, but not limited to LAN or test environment. The cloud service framework must be applied to existing Internet hardware and software environment, that the service provided by the service provider must have a open platforms features. Cloud based ERP services not only serve the enterprises, but also need to serve other business applications. The main object of cloud based ERP service is entirely alternate use of the software, independence of the software platforms and the manufacturer can construct their own solutions from a Forming module [5].
Figure1.4 Schematic diagram of ERP Service on cloud
As shown in fig 1.4 ERP as a services provided by this system which uses Google App Engine and provide ERP as a services. Suppliers, manufacturer, logistic enterprises, distributors, retailer etc uses this system for their specific purposes on demand basis.
VI APPLICATION RESULTS OF
SYSTEM
With the increasing maturity of cloud based technology, ERP system plays an important role in the following areas. ERP As a Service (Using Google App Engine) Custom er Retailer Manufa ct ur er Distribut or Supplier s R & D C en ter Logistic En ter pri se s Service Pr ov id er
Web Request
GoogleAppEngine
Server
for
Handling
Request
Individual Sandbox
GAE allocate CPU
(1)Sale Automation: To provide a sales tool for the busy sales staff. It can increases efficiency and shortens the sales cycle.
(2)Electronic Store Fronts: Industries can view and buy the product online by credit card.
Cloud service-oriented applications provide users with more personalized service which based on tracking user's personal interest and transaction history.
(3)Self-Service Modules: To provide users with a direct query functions such as product shipments query ,account balance inquiries so channels of communication is more transparent.
VII SHORTAGE AND PROSPECT
(a)Shortcomings of cloud based technology
As companies increasingly depend on electronic operations and processes, the security of ERP application has become a serious problem. E-commerce transactions are directly occurred among many departments within the enterprise, suppliers, customers and business partners. So, to protect of critical communication information becomes more important. Cloud based technology is widely open, making the network be attacked in many aspects [8]. Cloud application attacks are different from other attacks, because they are difficult to detect, and may come from any online users. Any time in electronic trade to apply a safety ERP system means to avoid the loss of income and the risk of exposing sensitive information, through secure transactions to improve efficiency, increase revenue and reduce costs [7][9].
(b)Future development of ERP system
Cloud-commerce represent a set of network strategy, companies can work with customers and suppliers at the same time, and accompany by following process: planning, inventory forecasting, supply chain management, product design and development, production, logistics. Cloud based Collaboration is now essential part of ERP system. It is essential for a different system or external and internal applications that come from suppliers, customers and partners. ERP system shows the modern enterprise management mode & advanced technology, and can be solved overall management of enterprises, to improve efficiency and market competitiveness. These days, ERP systems have been widely promoted at abroad and home, the increasing demand for ERP system promotes the development of a new generation of cloud based ERP system.
VIII. CONCLUSION
These days enterprises are facing increasing pressure, how to build cost effective ERP system that suits enterprise management mode, to assist decision-making and provide instant information and business process automation, has become an important issue. This paper introduces the theory and development of Cloud based ERP system
status. It discusses the architecture of Cloud -based ERP system applications. When we integrate cloud architecture into ERP system, it brings various benefits to the application of ERP system, it improves the utilization efficiency of enterprise IT resources, to maintain a stable business network support, easy to use, Initial cost reduction in IT (reducing capex) and lower fixed investment, Up gradation & Maintenance, Scalability are easy on cloud, Rapid development & integration with other services on cloud are easy also resources are available on demand on rent. To ensure the successful implementation of ERP systems, we have to constantly improve the system, and enhance system reliability and security.
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