Green Building

A R C H I T E C T U R A L D E S I G N

NAKUL KUMAR NAYAN BARUN KUMAR D E F I N A T I O N

"A green building is one which uses less water, optimises energy efficiency, conserves natural resources, generates less waste and provides healthier spaces for occupants, as compared to a conventional building.“

(Src: www.igbc.co.in)

• Minimize the demand on non-renewable resources • Maximize the utilization efficiency of these resources • Maximize the reuse, recycling, and utilization of

renewable resources

• Maximizes the use of efficient building materials and construction practices

• Optimizes the use of on-site sources and sinks by bioclimatic architectural practices

• Uses minimum energy to power itself

• Uses efficient equipment to meet its lighting, air conditioning, and other needs

• Uses efficient waste and water management practices

• Provides comfortable and hygienic indoor working conditions

Green Rating for Integrated

Habitat Assesment

Energy Use Water Consum ption Raw Material Consum ption Air Pollution Green House Gases Water Pollution Solid Waste CFCs Series 1 40 42 50 50 50 42 50 48

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20

30

40

50

60

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CONSTRUCTION SECTOR

WHY GO GREEN??

NAKUL KUMAR NAYAN BARUN KUMAR D E F I N A T I O N

CO2 Emission

Trade

From February 2005, the Kyoto protocol applies. It is meant to reduce the levels of global greenhouse gas emissions. The origin of this protocol can be traced back to 1997. It stands for an international environmental treaty where the 39 participating industrial nations agreed, by 2012, to reduce their collective emission of environmentally harmful gases, like, for instance, carbon dioxide (CO2) by a total of 5% when compared to 1990 levels.

D E F I N A T I O N

In sum, the following aspects of a green building

design are looked into in an

integrated way.

• Site planning

• Building envelope design

• Building system design (HVAC [heating

ventilation and air conditioning], lighting,

electrical, and water heating)

• Integration of renewable energy sources to

generate energy on-site

• Water and waste management

• Selection of ecologically sustainable materials

(with high recycled content, rapidly

renewableresources with low emission

potential, and so on)

• Indoor environmental quality (maintain

indoor thermal and visual comfort and air

quality)

NAKUL KUMAR NAYAN BARUN KUMAR R A T I N G S Y S T E M

A green building rating system is an evaluation tool that measures environmental performance of a building through its life cycle. It usually comprises of a set of criteria covering various parameters related to design, construction and operation of a green building.

What is

green building

rating system?

Some of the successful international rating programmes

Breeam

Building research establishment’senvironmental assessment method (BREEAM) - UK

Casbee

Comprehensive assessment system for building environmental efficiency (CASBEE) – JAPAN

Gbtool

International framework committee for the green building challenge,

An international project that has involved more than 25 countries since 1998.

Leed

Leadership in energy and environmental design (LEED) US

Hk–beam

Hong kong building environmental assessment method (HK-BEAM)

Dgnb

German sustainable building certificate (gesbc)

Green star

Austerlia

Minergie

Rating Systems for

Green Buildings

6%

25%

9%

33%

13%

14%

Weightage

LEED (Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design) is a voluntary, consensus-based, market-driven program that provides third-party verification of green buildings. From individual buildings and homes, to entire neighborhoods and communities, LEED is transforming the way built environments are designed, constructed, and operated. Comprehensive and flexible, LEED addresses the entire lifecycle of a building.

R A T I N G S Y S T E M

NAKUL KUMAR NAYAN BARUN KUMAR G R I H A

GRIHA-Green Rating for Integrated

Habitat Assessment

GRIHA was developed as an indigenous building rating system, particularly to address and

assess non-air conditioned or partially air conditioned buildings. GRIHA has been developed to rate commercial, institutional and residential buildings in India emphasizing national environmental concerns, regional climatic conditions, and indigenous solutions.

GRIHA stresses passive solar techniques for optimizing visual and thermal comfort indoors, and encourages the use of refrigeration-based and energy-demanding air conditioning systems only in cases of extreme thermal discomfort.

GRIHA integrates all relevant Indian codes and standards for buildings and acts as a tool to facilitate implementation of the same.

• Provides guidelines, best practices, benchmarks/ indicators :

• Conservation of for soil, energy, water, materials • Demand reduction

• Enhanced efficiency level of water use, energy use • Use of renewable energy resources

• Maximizing recycling and reuse of water and waste • Ensuring quality of water, and air (outdoor and

indoor)

• Ensuring safety , health of construction workers • Quality of indoor environment

• Controlling factors leading to climate change

• Proper orientation to take maximum advantage of the sun. • Landscaping to alter wind direction and ambient

temperature

• Choice of building insulation/roof gardens/colours and textures

• Properly sized and shaded windows

• Window placement to allow cross ventilation

• Placement of rooms (e.g. buffer spaces like toilets, staircases on west)

• Detail roof innovatively to admit maximum daylight • Use efficient lamps, fixtures and controls

• Use solar water heating system

• Use a hybrid of an earth air tunnel system and air-conditioning to reduce loads

GRIHA-Green Rating for Integrated

Habitat Assessment

Set of 32 criteria

100 point system with differential weightage on various

criteria

• 51 - 60

• 61 - 70

• 71 - 80

• 81- 90

• 91- 100

NAKUL KUMAR NAYAN BARUN KUMAR C A S E S T U D Y

CASE STUDY(GRIHA): RETREAT

RETREAT, a residential training facility for executives, is designed to be self-sufficient, and independent of any external power supply. It consists of two semicircular blocks arranged one behind the other. The south block comprises the living quarters with 24 single-occupancy rooms and 6 suites and the north block comprises the conference centre with a large hall, a dining room, a lounge, recreational facilities, and a library.

• Saves 40%-50% of energy costs with an additional investment of about 25%.

• Twenty-four solar water-heating panels

• Photovoltaic panels the main source of power at night.

• Gasifier the source of power for the building during the day.

• Effective insulation • Shade provided by trees • Underground earth air tunnels

• Chillers for dehumidification and additional cooling during the monsoon.

• Specially designed skylights, • Energy-efficient lights, and

• A bed of reed plants (phragmytes)

• The estimated co₂ saving is about 570 tonnes/year.

E C B C

NAKUL KUMAR NAYAN BARUN KUMAR

E C B C

E C B C

NAKUL KUMAR NAYAN BARUN KUMAR

E C B C

Building HVAC system

E C B C

NAKUL KUMAR NAYAN BARUN KUMAR

E C B C

Site And Building Envelope

Site And Building Envelope

NAKUL KUMAR NAYAN BARUN KUMAR

S I T E A N D B U I L D I N G

Passive Architecture

Insulation

Wind tower

NAKUL KUMAR NAYAN BARUN KUMAR

Roof Garden

Trombe Wall

Pergolas

Roofing

Solar Chimney

Earth Air Tunnel

Light Shelf

Roof Pond

P A S S I V E A R C H I T E C H T U R E

Photovoltaic Cells

Biofuels

Wind Power

NAKUL KUMAR NAYAN BARUN KUMAR

R E N E W A B L E E N E R G Y

Solar Water Heater

Geothermal Heat-pump

Geothermal Electricity

O T H E R S

Reed Bed (Waste

water recycling)

Rain Water Harvesting

Energy efficient lighting

Sensors