in Transport Technologies

North-West Development Region from Romania

(associate partner in THE ISSUE Project)

Marius Fărtan

REMARUL “16 Februarie” S.A. from Cluj-Napoca

Laura Lupşa

Autonomous Urban Passenger Transport Company from Cluj-Napoca (RATUC)

Michaela Mihăilescu

North-West Regional Development Agency (ADR Nord-Vest)

Regional Expertise

Regional Expertise

in Transport Technologies

THE ISSUE core regions THE ISSUE associate regions

Introduction

 In the frame of the technology priorities identified by THE ISSUE consortium, the existing expertise in transport related technologies from the North-West

Region of Romania addresses multiple transport modes, from road transport

to rail transport and cycling.

The most significant expertise in the region illustrates primarily two of the

technology priorities identified by THE ISSUE consortium, namely “Air quality” (Reduce carbon emissions) and "Modal change” (alternative networks; unique ticketing).

North-West Region (Romania) THE ISSUE associate region  Several projects developed by RATUC, REMARUL and local authorities

(municipalities) in the North-West Region of Romania illustrate the continuous efforts made in this respect.

Developing environmentally friendly transport in urban areas is a priority for every local authority. Public transportation with electric vehicles is

frequently used in the region. In Cluj-Napoca, for instance, the percentage of passengers using public transportation with electric vehicles (trams and trolleybuses) is about 45% of all passengers (much higher compared to the average of 11% in Romania).

Why using electric vehicles ?

 Trolleybuses: Recent technical achievements in drive system improved

yield up to 90%. The cost of infrastructure investments are less than in the trams, while trolleybuses are much environmentally friendly and more

efficient then diesel buses.

 Trams: A large initial investment is justified by the low power consumption

in operation, the long period of use and especially the total absence of harm.

 Electric buses: This mean of transport will contribute substantially to the

implementation in practice of the European Transport White Paper “No more diesel cars in cities by 2050” .

Reducing emissions – road transport (2)

 RATUC has expertise in the

conversion of old diesel articulated buses into trolleybuses. In 2011, in the frame of a project developed with Romanian partners, 15 buses from RATUC were turned into 15

articulated trolleybuses.

 The motivation of this approach was that the articulated trolleybus fleet was weak and it was a lack of necessary funds to purchase new ones. Besides, the old buses were highly polluting and needed significant repair

investments.

 Transformation was made at a price of approximately 53% of the price of a similar new trolleybus. Comfort is similar to a new, modern trolleybus, with all its facilities (electronic

display system, access ramp for wheel chairs, floor fully lowered, passengers counting system on doors, etc.).

Reducing emissions – road transport (3)

 The project for the conversion of buses into trolleybuses received AGIR award in 2011 (General Association of Engineers in Romania). The comparison of the fuel consumption (kg c.c./km) and cost/Km for trolleybuses vs. buses is eloquent.

 RATUC has also experience in

improving the energy efficiency of old fleet of trams by changes in the drive system: replacing the old (resistance) drive system with new system with chopper, the efficiency has increased by about 50% . Between 2005-2007, a number of 14 old trams were upgraded, the

investment being recovered in less than 4 years.

One significant advantage in using rail transport instead of cars is the decrease of carbon emissions and energy consumption. A comparison of train – car emissions is listed bellow, for a distance of 116 km (E576 road from Cluj-Napoca to Bistrita, in the North-West Region of Romania)*

Reducing emissions – rail transport (1)

•Data source :

IFEU - Institut für Energie-und Umweltforschung

Heidelberg GmbH (on www.ecopassenger.org),

Info extracted by REMARUL “16 Februarie”.

Extended use of rail transport implies continuous modernization of rail equipment leading to reduced emissions, low engine wear, saving fuel and protecting the environment.

In 2011, REMARULhas upgraded a Diesel Multiple Unit (DMU) relying on its in-house expertise, proved in over 142 years of activity.

 New DMU: ADH11

Upgraded by REMARUL “16 Februarie” 2011-2112

 Old DMU: VT 614

Manufactured by MAN in cooperation with Waggonfabrik Uerdingen

1972-1975

The key factor that brings advantages in using rail transport mode is the

technological evolution.

Several examples of rail equipment

modernisations at REMARUL, contributing to reduced emissions:

 new up-to-date engines (see details)

 train management system (computer) that

records traction force and the efficiency degree, the extent to which the engine

capacity is used, route indicators, travel time and fuel consumption, allows an efficient exploitation

 protection equipment which prevents the wheel sliding

 pre-heater to maintain the engine at perfect temperature and ready to go. Allows the stop of the engine in long idleness periods.

•Old engine: MAN D3650HM1U + Voith T 420r

Power : 368kW Emissions: Non Euro Specific fuel consumption: 233g/kWh Oil consumption: 0,32 l/h

•New engine: MTU 6H1800R84 + Voith DIWARail D 884.5 Power: 390kW Emissions: stage IIIA Specific fuel consumption: 205g/kWh Oil consumption:0,12l/h

Bike routes are build in the metropolitan areas of Cluj-Napoca, Oradea, Baia Mare. Expertise in the domain has been gained by the Municipality of Satu Mare on 2009-2013 HUROVELO project for cross-border routes between Romania and Hungary (40 km between Satu Mare and

Fehérgyarmat ). Municipality of Cluj-Napoca is developing a project for 50 bike stations and about 60 km bike routes in the metropolitan area,.

Integrated systems for ticketing are already implemented in Romania, in Bucharest and Timisoara, and for the first time in the North-west Region in Oradea metropolitan area. The local urban transport operator OTL Oradea developed the e-ticketing system in the frame of an European project.

Conclusions

 The Europe 2020 strategy target for Romania is the 19% reduction of the CO2 emissions. Consequently, the

preoccupation for reducing emissions must prevail in all economic activities, including urban transport. The North-West Region of Romania is promoting and supporting regional efforts in this direction.

Selected expertise has been presented for two technology priorities identified by THE ISSUE consortium :

Air quality - reducing carbon emissions :

RATUC Cluj-Napoca : conversion of old buses into trolleybuses; upgrading trams drive system

REMARUL Cluj-Napoca: rail equipment modernisation, upgrading DMU

Modal change – alternative networks; unique ticketing

system

Satu-Mare municipality: cross-border project for bike routes between Hungary and Romania

OTL Oradea: implementation of e-ticketing integrated system in the metropolitan area

•Note:

The Technical University of Cluj-Napoca has research expertise in all the technology priorities identified by THE ISSUE consortium

Thank you for your attention !

Marius Fărtan

S.C. REMARUL “16 Februarie” S.A. Cluj-Napoca,

ROMANIA