Biology 12 – Enzyme, Cell Membrane, Digestion Test
NAME:__________________ Mark: ____/60
Part 1 - Enzymes
1. The reactant in an enzyme-catalyzed reaction can also be called: A. A complex
B. A substrate C. An enzyme D. A coenzyme
2. Most enzymes are: A. Lipid molecules
B. Carbohydrate molecules C. Protein molecules
D. ATP molecules
3. Vitamins function as: A. Enzymes B. Coenzymes C. Emulsifiers
D. Competitive inhibitors
4. A function of enzymes is to: A. Emulsify fats
B. Carry information to nerves C. Catalyze chemical reactions D. Maintain constant blood pH
5. What could be added to an enzyme-catalyzed reaction to decrease its rate?
A. Enzymes B. Substrate C. Lead ions D. Coenzymes
6. When the active site of an enzyme is denatured: A. Substrates cannot be formed
B. A quaternary structure is achieved C. The activation energy is decreased
D. An enzyme substrate complex cannot be formed
7. If A B C D E represents a metabolic pathway, then letter E would be a(n):
A. Substrate B. Product C. Enzyme
8. A reaction catalyzed by a human enzyme was carried out at 20˚C. If there is an excess of substrate, which of the following would cause the greatest increase in the rate of the reaction?
A. lowering the temperature to 10˚C
B. adding more enzyme and raising the temperature to 30˚C C. adding more substrate and raising the temperature to 30˚C D. adding more enzyme and lowering the temperature to 10˚C
9. Draw a graph of Energy vs Time for a chemical reaction. Label the energy of activation and show both the catalyzed and unanalyzed reactions. (4 marks)
Part 2 Cell Membrane -
10. Which of these is part of the cell membrane? a. triglycerides
b. phospholipids c. ATP
d. Cell Wall
11. How do fat-soluble molecules normally get into a cell?
a. they dissolve in the fat layers of the membrane and enter the cell by diffusion b. they pass through protein pores in the cell membrane
c. they are absorbed by phagocytosis d. they never get in
12. The phospholipids are unusual molecules because: a. they have hydrophilic regions
b. they have hydrophobic regions c. they are triglycerides
d. both A and B
13. Which of the following statements best describes the "fluid mosaic model" of the structure of the cell membrane?
a. two layers of protein with lipid layers between the protein layers
b. two layers of lipid with proteins between the lipid layers
c. a double layer of lipid molecules with protein molecules suspended in the layer d. A single layer of protein on the outside and a single layer of lipids on the inside
14. The movement of chloride ions from an area where chloride is concentrated to an area where chloride is less concentrated is which of these?
a. diffusion
b. active transport c. osmosis
d. exocytosis
15. If a cell has a solute concentration of 0.07% which of the solutions would be hypotonic to the cell?
a. 0.01% solute b. 0.1% solute c. 1% solute d. 10% solute
16. Which of the following is necessary in order for osmosis to occur? a. a permeable membrane
b. a semi-permeable membrane c. an isotonic solution
d. ATP
17. Which of these are passive transport mechanisms? a. osmosis
b. diffusion c. phagocytosis d. both A and B
18. In an isotonic solution there would be: a. no net movement of water
b. net movement of water into the cell c. net movement of water out of the cell d. bursting of the cell
19. The sodium-potassium pump (which carries sodium out of a cell and potassium into a cell) is an example of:
a. active transport b. endocytosis c. exocytosis
d. passive transport
20. The process of a cell engulfing a solid object is: a. phagocytosis
21. What is likely to happen to a plant cell that is placed in pure water? a. it becomes turgid (Rigid full of water)
b. it becomes flaccid (limp) c. Nothing
d. it lyses (bursts)
22. When an animal cell bursts due to osmosis, it is in a solution that is: a. hypertonic
b. isotonic c. hypotonic d. either A or C
23. Why do plant cells behave differently to animal cells when placed in a hypotonic solution?
a. Plant cells are permeable to water
b. Plant cells do not carry out active transport c. Plant cells contain a vacuole
d. Plant cells have a cell wall
24. Which of these equations is correct?
a. ATP + inorganic phosphate --> ADP + energy b. ADP + inorganic phosphate --> ATP + energy c. ATP + ADP --> inorganic phosphate + energy d. ADP + inorganic phosphate + energy -- > ATP
25. Active transport and passive transport differ in that active transport requires a. Water
b. Carrier Protiens c. Energy
d. Concentrated Solutes
25. Which process does an organism use to move large molecules into a cell?
a. Simple diffusion b. Facilitated diffusion c. Exocytosis
d. Endocytosis
a. Glycolipid b. Carrier Protein
c. Channel Protein
d. Cholesterol Receptor
27. Why can a cell not continue to grow larger and larger? (2 marks)
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Part 3 - Digestion
28. What sequence of organs do substances pass through, as they move through the human digestive system?
A. Mouth stomach pancreas small intestine liver large intestine
anus
B. Mouth stomach small intestine pancreas liver large intestine
anus
C. Mouth esophagus stomach small intestine large intestine anus
D. Mouth esophagus stomach large intestine small intestine anus
29. Which of the following structures increase the surface area for absorption of digested food in the small intestine?
I. Microvilli II. Protein pumps III. Villi
A. I only
D. I, II and III
30. Where is the gall bladder located? A. Surrounded by the liver B. Surrounded by the pancreas
C. Behind the intestines in the abdomen D. Below the stomach in the abdomen
31.Saliva contains an enzyme (salivary amylase) that partially digests: A. fat
B. starch C. protein D. nucleic acids
32.What part of the digestive tract has the greatest surface area? A. the stomach
B. the esophagus C. the large intestine D. the small intestine
33.What structure prevents food from entering the trachea? A. the tongue
B. the pharynx C. the epiglottis
D. the cardiac sphincter
34.Which is a function of the large intestine? A. the secretion of bile
B. the absorption of vitamins C. the production of glycogen
D. the release of sodium bicarbonate
35.The removal of the gall bladder would affect the rate of digestion of which of the following?
A. Lipids B. Proteins C. Nucleotides D. Carbohydrates
36.Which of the following enzymes is correctly matched with its site of production? A. Pepsin – liver
B. Lipase – stomach C. Amylase – pancreas D. Trypsin – salivary glands
37.The appendix is attached to which of the following structures? A. the colon
D. the small intestine
38. Which two enzymes break down the same substrate? A. trypsin and pepsin
B. pepsin and peptidase C. lipase and salivary amylase D. pancreatic amylase and maltase
39. Which or the following describes peristalsis? A. the physical breakdown of fats B. production of vitamins by E. coli C. release of enzymes by the pancreas D. muscle contractions of the digestive tract
40. HCl activates which inactive enzyme? A. Trypsin
B. Pepsinogen C. Nuclease D. CCK
41. What hormone stimulates the stomach to secrete HCl? A. CCK
B. Insulin C. Testosterone
D. Gastrin
42. The function of the cardiac sphincter is to prevent backflow of acid chyme from the: A. esophagus to the mouth
B. stomach to the esophagus C. duodenum to the stomach D. colon to the small intestine
43. Food is moved through the digestive tract through waves of muscular contractions through a process called _________________
44. Name 6 functions of the liver (6 marks - wink wink, nudge nudge):
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45. Explain how the structure of the villi in the small intestine are related to
absorption of digested food. (Feature of Shape, Internal Structures, Epithelial Cells) (6 marks)
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46. List Two Enzymes and their substrates and products (1 mark + 1 bonus mark)
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