BCI PPT.

NON INVASIVE METHODS FOR

NON INVASIVE METHODS FOR

BRAIN

BRAIN

COMPUTER

COMPUTER

INTERF

INTERF

A

A

CE

CE

Under

Under the the guidance guidance of of : : Presented Presented by:by: Prof

Prof. . (Dr(Dr.) .) JYOTI JYOTI SAXENA SAXENA and and Ramandeep Ramandeep KaurKaur Er

Er SUKHJINDER SUKHJINDER SINGH SINGH Un. Un. RoRo!! !! No.No. "#"$%&$

"#"$%&$

'.T

'.Te. e. E*EE*E (+T)

,ran

,ran

*ompu-er

*ompu-er

In-erfae

In-erfae

dre-ommuna-on

ommuna-on pa-/a0 pa-/a0 1e-/een 1e-/een 1ran 1ran andand ompu-er.

ompu-er.



A ,*I  a -eno!o20 / a!!o/ a uman A ,*I  a -eno!o20 / a!!o/ a uman -o-o

on-ro! a ompu-er3 perpera! or o-er on-ro! a ompu-er3 perpera! or o-er e!e-ron de4e /- -ou2-.

e!e-ron de4e /- -ou2-.



I- doe o 10 un2 e!e-rode -o de-e-I- doe o 10 un2 e!e-rode -o

de-e-e!e-r 2na! n -e 1ran

e!e-r 2na! n -e 1ran / are en- -o a/ are en- -o a ompu-er.

ompu-er.



 Te  Te ompu-er ompu-er -en -en -ran!a-e -ran!a-e -ee -ee e!e-re!e-r

2na! n-o da-a /  ued -o on-ro! a 2na! n-o da-a /  ued -o on-ro! a

T0pe of ,*I

In4a4e ,*I

In4a4e -ra-e2e are -e 1ran ompu-er

n-erfae / are mp!an-ed nde -e 1ran of -e u18e- ur2a!!0 / are 1aed on -e ue of arra0 of mroe!e-rode mp!an-ed n-o 4ua! or-e9. Tee mp!an- pro4de 2e- :ua!-0 2na! and apa1!e -o 24e 1e--er -empora! and pa-a! reo!u-on. In4a4e ,*I mo-!0 pro4de uefu! fun-ona!-0 -o para!0;ed peop!e. Tee an pro4de re-ora-on of 4on 10 onen-ra-n2 or !n5n2 1ran /- e9-erna! amera and an a!o re-ore ue of !m1 10 un2 1ran on-ro!!ed ro1o- !e2 and arm.

Par-a! ,*I

 Te par-a!!0 n4a4e meanm are

mp!an-ed nde -e 5u!! 1u- re- ou-de -e 1ran !2-!0 /-n -e 2re0 ma--er. <en /e ompare - /- In4a4e ,*I -  one 1-/ea5er -an In4a4e. E!e-roo-o2rap0 (E*oG)  e9amp!e of par-a!!0 In4a4e ,*I -en:ue.

Non In4a4e ,*I

Non=n4a4e -ra-e2e dea! e9-erna!!0 /- -e 1ran 2na!. Non=n4a4e ,*I do no- emp!o0 ur2a! mp!an-. Non=n4a4e ,*I de4e are ondered -o 1e afe- and are !o/ o-. Tee a4e -e !2-e- or !ea-2na! !ar-0 /en ommuna-n2 /- 5u!! d-or-2na!. Te 2na! are de-e-ed 10 p!an2 ome e!e-rode a- pe6 po-on of -e 5u!!. E!e-roene!o2rap0 (EEG)3 +un-ona! ma2ne-o= reonane ma2n2 (f'RI)3 'a2ne-oene!o2rap0 ('EG)3 ma2ne- reonane ma2n2 ('RI)3 ompu-er;ed -omo2rap0 (*T)3 near nfrared pe-roop0 (NIRS) e-. are ome of -e e9amp!e of non=n4a4e ,*I.

Non In4a4e 'e-od for ,ran

mon-orn2

E!e-roene!o2rap0 (EEG)

+un-ona! 'a2ne- Reonane Ima2n2 (f'RI) 'a2ne-oene!o2rap0 ('EG)

  E!e-roene!o2rap0

(EEG)

E!e-roenepa!o2rap0  a non=n4a4e

me-od of meaurn2 -e 1oe!e-ra! a-4-0 of -e 1ran. S2na! are a:ured -rou2 e!e-rode p!aed on -e urfae of -e a!p / de-e- po-en-a! an2e aued 10 -e a-4-0 of neuron of -e ere1ra! or-e9. EEG  4er0 uefu! -o mon-or and da2noe ep!ep03 !eep dorder3 ead -rauma3 1ran -umour dorder of onoune and o-er 1ran ond-on.

+un-ona! 'a2ne- Reonane

Ima2n2 (f'RI)

+un-ona! 'a2ne-o=Reonane Ima2n2  a non= n4a4e neuroma2n2 -en:ue / de-e- an2e n !oa! ere1ra! 1!ood 4o!ume3 ere1ra! 1!ood >o/ and o902ena-on !e4e! durn2 neura! a-4a-on 10 mean of e!e-roma2ne- 6e!d. f'RI  2enera!!0 performed un2 'RI anner / app!0 e!e-roma2ne- 6e!d of -ren2- n -e order of #T or ?T. Te man ad4an-a2e of -e ue of f'RI  2 pae reo!u-on. f'RI appear unu-a1!e for rapd ommuna-on n ,*I 0-em and  2!0 uep-1!e -o ead mo-on ar-efa-.

'e-odo!o20

*urren- and +u-ure

App!a-on

Rehabilitation:  Te Rea1!-a-on dea!;e -o

enane !fe :ua!-0 of uman /o are para!0;ed omp!e-e!0 or par-a!!0 and u@er du!-e due -o Am0o-rop Ba-era! S!ero (ABS)3 *ranum Trauma-m3 Bo5ed n S0ndrome3 e4ere ere1ra! para!0 e-. af-er !on2 a!! fa!-e or po-en-a! of 4o!un-ar0 mo4emen-3 -ee pa-en- 2o n-o -a-e /ere ommuna-on  mpo1!e. Tee uman an ommuna-e /- /or!d and e9-erna! de4e.

Communication & control : ,*I pro4de op-on for ommuna-on and on-ro! for peop!e /- de4a-a-n2 neuromuu!ar dorder (u a am0o-rop !a-era! !ero3 or ABS3 1ran-em -ro5e3 ere1ra! pa!03 and pna! ord n8ur0).

Gaming:  Te fu-ure 2amer /!! 1e a1!e -o dr4e ar and -eer 8u- 10 -n5n2 C2o !ef-C or C2o r2-C or C1ra5eC. ,*I a!o an 1e ued -o en8o0 0our ome -ea-re 10 and!n2 an en-er-anmen-0-em /- 0our -ou2- / /!! ma5e a remo-e on-ro! o1o!e-e.

Military Defence System:  DARPA (Defene

Ad4aned Reear Pro8e- A2en0) a 1een n-ere-ed n ,ran='ane=In-erfae from man0 0ear for m!-ar0 app!a-on !5e /rn2 62-er p!o- dre-!0 -o -er p!ane -o a!!o/ au-onomou >2- from -e afe-0 of -e 2round.

Ad4an-a2e

He!p peop!e /- e4ere de1!-a-n2 mu!e

/a-n2 deae3 or /- -e o=a!!ed !o5ed=n 0ndrome3 -o ommuna-e.

He!p n dre- 1ran ommuna-on n

omp!e-e!0 para!0;ed pa-en-.

He!p -o -oe /o u@er from dorder !5e

ABS (Am0o-rop !a-era! !ero) 3 ,ran-em -ro5e3 1ran or pna! ord n8ur0.

Bm-a-on

_Electrodes7 E!e-rode -o 1e a--aed nde -e 5u!! or e4en mp!an-ed n -e 1ran. Dr Jame adm--ed -a- - opened up man0 e-a! pro1!em.

_Liability: 'o- peop!e /ou!d a2ree -a-3 under norma! rum-ane3 /e are fu!!0 repon1!e for our a-on. Ho/e4er3 f our n-en- /a a@e-ed 10 a 1ranFompu-er n-erfae3 norre- a-on ma0 1e produed mp!0 10 norre- de-e-on of orre- n-en-.

Priacy:  Te apa-0 -o ndue nforma-on n-o -e 1ran ma0 pro4de u /- -e a1!-0 -o 1ae our a-on on a 1e--er aemen- of -e en4ronmen-. ,eaue - nforma-on  pro4ded 10 a ompu-er3 - ou!d 1e aeed and mod6ed 10 -rd par-e3 / ma0 a!!o/ -em -o n>uene our a-on.

B-era-ure Sur4e0

! Lotte" M Congedo" # Lecuyer" ! Lamarche and $ #rnaldi ur4e0ed -e !a6a-on a!2or-m ued -o de2n ,*I 0-em 1aed on EEG. Te a!2or-m /ere d4ded n-o 64e a-e2ore7 !near !a6er3 neare- ne21our !a6er3 om1na-on of !a6er3 neura! ne-/or5 and non=!near ,a0ean !a6er. Te reu!- o1-aned3 n ,*I on-en- /ere ana!0ed and ompound pro4dn2 reader /- 2ude!ne -o ooe or de2n a !a6er for a ,*I 0-em. I- eemed -a-S' are 2rea-!0 een- for 0nronou ,*I 1eaue of -er re2u!ar;a-on proper-0 and -er mmun-0 -o ure of dmenona!-0. +or 0nronou e9permen-3 om1na-on of !a6er and d0nam !a6er eem -o 1e 4er0 e@e-4e. Te0 preen- -a- 1and po/er (,P) fea-ure -o 1e een- for !a6a-on of mo-or ma2er0.

Mohamed Mosta%a !ouad" halid Mohamed #min"

'ash(a EL)$endary and #boul Ella *assain re4e/ed 1ran ompu-er n-erfae. A ,*I 0-em an a!!o/ -e enepa! a-4-0 -o on-ro! -e ompu-er and e9-erna! de4e u a pro-e-3 ,*I am -o pro4de ad for peop!e 1u@ern2 neuromuu!ar deae a ompu-er ou!d perm- -em -o perform d@eren- -a53 from aen2 ompu-er=1aed 2ame -o ommuna-on. Ad4anemen- n neura! pro-e- a4e !ed n-ere- n -e ue of ,*I .-e reear am a- -e de4e!opmen-of de4e -a- ou!d 1e on-ro!!ed 10 1ran 2na!. Non= n4a4e me-od ran2e /ere de6ned n -e reear of e!e-roenepa!o2ram (EEG) and e!e-roor-o2rap (E*oG) e!e-rode arra03 -e nforma-on re2ardn2 -e -a-e of ar- n neuroma2n2 1aed approae and -er app!a-on /ere pro4ded. E4a!ua-on of d@eren- !a6a-on me-odo!o20 app!ed -o -e 1ran ap-ured 2na! /a done3 ,*I  dre-ed -o/ard ro1o- ndu-r0 o -a- o!u-on ou!d ome up /ere ro1o- ou!d ene and a- !5e uman.

Rabie # Ramadan" S Refat" Mar(a #Elshahed and

Rasha # #li ur4e0ed -a- ,*I read -e /a4e 2enera-ed from -e 1ran a- d@eren- !oa-on n -e uman ead -ran!a-e -ee n-o a-on and ommand -a- an on-ro! -e ompu-er. Te !a6a-on of ,*I  a!one n-o -ree man a-e2ore dependn2 on -e /a0 -e e!e-ra! 2na! o1-aned from neuron e!! n -e 1ran. Tere are p!en-0 of 2. / an 1e ued for ,*I and -ee 2na! an 1e d4ded n-o -/o a-e2ore 6e!d po-en-a! and p5e omponen- of par-u!ar n-ere- -o ,*I ou!d 1e d4ded n-o four !ae / are o!!a-or0 EEG a-4-03 E4en- re!a-ed po-en-a! (ERPS)3 !o/ or-a! po-en-a! (S*P)3 and neura! po-en-a!. 'an0 -en:ue a4e 1een emp!o0ed -o mon-or 1ran a-4-e and ea -en:ue a4e -er o/n ara-er- and re!a-ed pro and on.

O18e-4e of Te

 Te o18e-4e of - der-a-on  -o arr0

ou- -e omparon of -e e9-n2 -en:ue aoa-ed /- non=n4a4e 1ran ompu-er n-erfae. In - -e /or53 EEG and f'RI -en:ue a!! 1e -uded for -e omparon of non=n4a4e 1ran ompu-er n-erfae. Te -ud0 of -ee -en:ue /!! pro4de a 1roader perpe-4e n 1e--er under-andn2 of -e 1ran ompu-er n-erfae for fur-er reear n fu-ure app!a-on.

Referene

'na5 and Pe-er G!!3 (%"$)3 Re4e/ on7 ,ran *ompu-n2 In-erfae3 In-erna-ona! Journa! of En2neern2 Reear3 %()3 pp. "#"="#L.

Garma Sn2 and 'an8u Kau5 (%"%)3 ,ran -o ,ran *ommuna-on7 <-ou- an0 In-erfae ma2e3 -ou2- an 1e e9an2ed 1e-/een mnd3 In-erna-ona! Journa! of *ompu-er Sene M En2neern2 Teno!o20 (IJ*SET)3 #()3 pp. $""= $"$.

Bu +ernando No!a=A!ono and Jame Gome;=G! (%"%)3 ,ran *ompu-er In-erfae3 a Re4e/3 Senor3 "%(")3 pp. "%""="%?.

Rem2u; J.Ra53 'arn Ko!ode;e8 and Andre8

'a85o/5 (%"%)3 ,ran=*ompu-er In-erfae a 'eauremen- and *on-ro! S0-em -e Re4e/ Paper3 'e-ro!o20 and'eauremen- S0-em3 "(#)3 pp. $%?=$$$.

 Tuar Kan- ,era (%"L)3 Non=n4a4e

E!e-roma2ne- 'e-od for ,ran 'on-orn2 7 A  Tena! Re4e/3 Sprn2er In-erna-ona!

Pu1!n23 S/-;er!and3 ?$(#)3 pp. L"=L.

Ra1e A. Ramadan3 S. Refa-3 'ar/a A. E!aed

and Raa A. A! (%"L)3 ,a of ,ran *ompu-er In-erfae3 Sprn2er In-erna-ona! Pu1!n23 S/-;er!and3 ?$(#)3 pp. #"=L.

'oamed 'o-afa +ouad3 Ka!d 'oamed

Amn3 Na/a E!=,endar0 and A1ou! E!!a Haanen (%"L)3 ,ran *ompu-er In-erfae7 A Re4e/3 Sprn2er In-erna-ona! Pu1!n23 S/-;er!and3 ?$(#)3 pp. #=#.

+. Bo--e3 '. *on2edo3 A. Bu0er3 +. Bamare3

and ,. Arna!d (%?)3 A re4e/ of *!a6a-on a!2or-m for EEG=1aed 1ran= ompu-er n-erfae3 Journa! of Neura! En2neern23 $(?)3pp. "="#.