Biology 2201FINAL EXAMINATIONJune 2011

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Biology 2201

FINAL EXAMINATION June 2011

Value: 80 Marks

General Instructions

This examination consists of two parts. Both parts are contained in this booklet and further general instructions are provided on appropriate pages.

Part I – Multiple Choice (60 Marks)

Select the letter of the correct response from those provided. EITHER shade the letter on your computer scorable card OR place the letter in the blank provided on your Multiple Choice Answer Sheet, whichever format is being used by your school for this exam. Do ALL questions in this section.

Part II – Constructed Response (20 Marks)

Answer ALL questions fully and concisely in the space provided.

Student Checklist

The items below are your responsibility. Please ensure that they are completed.

□ Write your name and teacher’s name on the top of this page.

□ Write your name, teacher’s name, course name and number on the Part I answer sheet.

□ Check the exam to see that there are no missing pages.

ALL MATERIALS MUST BE PASSED IN WITH THIS EXAM. Use your time wisely. Good luck!

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Part I

Total Value 60 Marks

Instructions: Place the letter of the correct answer on the answer sheet provided.

1. Which defines biogenesis?

(A) Life arises from decaying matter.

(B) Life arises from life.

(C) Life arises from lifeless matter.

(D) Life arises from other planets.

2. Which scientist’s experiment finally disproved abiogenesis?

(A) Needham (B) Pasteur (C) Redi (D) Spallazani

3. Which part of the microscope should be used to focus when the high power objective lens is in use?

(A) A

(B) B

(C) C

(D) D

4. Which type of microscope is used to observe a three-dimensional image of a cell?

(A) compound light microscope (B) scanning electron microscope (C) simple light microscope

(D) transmission electron microscope

5. If the field of view in the diagram has a diameter of 1.6 mm, what is the approximate size of a cell?

(A) 100 μm (B) 200 μm (C) 300 μm (D) 400 μm

A

B

C D

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6. The low power field of view of a microscope is 600 μm . What is the field of view under medium power, if the microscope has 4X, 10X, and 40X objective lenses?

(A) 60 μm (B) 240 μm (C) 2400 μm (D) 6000 μm

7. Which cell organelle allows the movement of materials into and out of the cell?

(A) A

(B) B

(C) C

(D) D

8. Which plant cell organelle contains the pigment required for photosynthesis?

(A) cell wall

(B) central vacuole (C) chloroplast (D) cytoplasm

9. Which organelle is found in both animal and plant cells?

(A) cell wall

(B) central vacuole (C) chloroplast (D) mitochondrion

10. Which condition would cause NO net movement of water into or out of a cell?

(A) exocytosis (B) hypertonic (C) hypotonic (D) isotonic

11. Which describes the transport of glucose across a cell membrane from higher concentration to lower concentration?

(A) active transport (B) endocytosis

(C) facilitated diffusion (D) osmosis

A

D B

C

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12. What is the net effect on the cell in the beaker under the conditions described?

(A) Water diffuses into the cell.

(B) Water diffusion is equal in both directions.

(C) Water diffuses out of the cell.

(D) Water does not diffuse.

13. 1Four cells are examined and found to have the following surface area to volume ratios:

Cell 1 Cell 2 Cell 3 Cell 4

0.4 : 1 0.8: 1 1:1 2:1

Which cell would be least efficient at supplying itself with nutrients and ridding itself of waste?

(A) cell 1 (B) cell 2 (C) cell 3 (D) cell 4

14. In which process is oxygen used and carbon dioxide produced?

(A) aerobic respiration (B) anaerobic respiration (C) phagocytosis

(D) photosynthesis

15. Based on the graph shown, which statement best predicts what would happen to

glucose and carbon dioxide production in an

ecosystem?

(A) Glucose and carbon dioxide production both decrease.

(B) Glucose and carbon dioxide production both increase.

(C) Glucose production decreases and carbon dioxide production increases.

(D) Glucose production increases and carbon dioxide production decreases.

16. Which scientist first classified all living things into two kingdoms, Plantae and Animalia?

(A) Aristotle (B) Linnaeus (C) Schwann (D) Virchow

1 2 3 4 5 6 7

20 40 60

Trees per Hectare

Time (years)

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17. Which category of the Linnaeus Classification system is least specific?

(A) class (B) kingdom (C) order (D) species

18. Which organism best represents a jellyfish, based on the dichotomous key shown?

1. i. vertebrate ... Go to 2 ii. invertebrate ... Go to 3 2. i. gills ... A ii. lungs ... B 3. i. bilateral symmetry ... C ii. radial symmetry ... D

(A) A

(B) B

(C) C

(D) D

19. Based on the table shown, which two organisms are most closely related?

Organism

Taxon A B C D

Kingdom Animalia Animalia Animalia Animalia

Phylum Chordata Arthropoda Chordata Chordata

Class Mammalia Insecta Mammalia Aves

Order Carnivora Diptera Carnivora Passeriformes

Family Felidae Simulidae Canidae Turdidae

Genus Puma Cnesia Vulpes Turdus

Species concolor ornata vulpes migratorium

(A) A and B (B) A and C (C) A and D (D) B and D

20. Using the table shown, what is the correct binomial nomenclature for a moose?

Phlyum Class Order Family Genus Species

Chordata Mammalia Artiodactyl a

Cervidae Alces alces

(A) Alces alces (B) Alces Cervidae (C) Cervidae Mammalia (D) Mammalia alces

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21. Which classification technique examines DNA and amino acids in different organisms?

(A) biochemical information (B) comparative embryology (C) radioactive dating (D) structural information

22. Which Kingdom is composed of unicellular organisms that live in extreme environments?

(A) Archaea (B) Bacteria (C) Fungi (D) Protista

23. Which organism is classified in Kingdom Fungi?

(A) algae (B) frog

(C) mushroom (D) trout

24. The red blood cell count of four people is shown in the graph below. In which individual would the life cycle of Plasmodium vivax be most negatively affected?

(A) A

(B) B

(C) C

(D) D

25. Which plant is classified as non-vascular?

(A) fern (B) moss (C) rose bush (D) spruce tree

26. Which is the best explanation for the scenario shown in the graph below?

(A) decreased annual rainfall (B) decreased wind conditions (C) increased rabbit population (D) increased wind conditions

2 4 6

Individuals

A B

C D

Red Blood Cell Count

# of Maple Seedlings per Hectare

Time

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27. Which plant group is most diverse?

(A) angiosperm (B) bryophyte (C) fern

(D) gymnosperm

28. Which organism exhibits bilateral symmetry?

(A) hydra (B) robin (C) sponge (D) starfish

29. In which invertebrate phylum is the earthworm classified?

(A) Annelida (B) Arthropoda (C) Mollusca (D) Nematoda

30. To which group does the organism shown belong?

31. A female organism produces 1-2 eggs cells (ova) per reproduction cycle. What best describes the reproductive characteristics of the organism’s species?

Reproduction Fertilization

(A) asexual external

(B) asexual internal

(C) sexual external

(D) sexual internal

32. In which vertebrate class will you find organisms with a four chambered heart?

(A) Agnatha (B) Amphibia (C) Mammalia (D) Osteichthyes

33. A team of scientists are developing a drug to prevent viral infection in humans. Which approach would be most effective?

Group Heterotrophic Exoskeleton Coelom

(A) No Yes No

(B) Yes No Yes

(C) Yes Yes No

(D) Yes Yes Yes

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(A) Blocking DNA replication inside the host cells.

(B) Preventing binary fission from occurring.

(C) Stopping sporozite spores from invading red blood cells.

(D) Stopping the growth of hyphae across the host’s surface.

34. Which term refers to an animal whose body temperature fluctuates depending on the temperature of the animal’s external environment?

(A) erythrocyte (B) homeotherm (C) lymphocyte (D) poikilotherm

35. Which structure is responsible for bringing oxygenated blood to the body?

(A) A

(B) B

(C) C

(D) D

36. The table below shows the

composition of blood cells present. What would account for the change?

(A) antibody formation (B) bleeding injury (C) foreign invader

(D) increased oxygen demand

37. In what vessel would you find the structure identified in the diagram shown?

(A) aorta (B) lymph duct (C) pulmonary artery (D) renal vein

A B

C

D

Cells present per mL of blood Blood Component Normal Levels Change

Erythrocytes 5000000 5000000

Leucocytes 6000 6000

Lymphocytes 2000 2000

Platelets 250000 500000

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38. A defect in which valve would reduce the flow of blood to the lungs?

(A) aortic (B) bicuspid (C) semilunar (D) septum

39. Which treatment can be used to thin the blood as a prevention of a stroke?

(A) angioplasty (B) bypass surgery (C) daily aspirin (D) shunt

40. Which device is used to measure tidal volume?

(A) sphygmomanometer (B) spirometer

(C) stethoscope (D) stint

41. In the diagram shown, which structure is the bronchi?

(A) A

(B) B

(C) C

(D) D

42. Which happens during inhalation?

43. Which contains structures that moisten air for the respiratory system?

(A) alveoli (B) larynx (C) nasal cavity (D) pharynx

A

B C

D

Diaphragm and Intercostal Muscles

Air Pressure

(A) contract decreases

(B) contract increases

(C) relax decreases

(D) relax increases

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44. Which respiratory condition does Patient 2 suffer from, as represented by the information in the table?

(A) allergies (B) asthma (C) lung cancer (D) pneumonia

45. Which represents the correct order of food movement through the digestive system?

(A) esophagus large intestine duodenum stomach ileum (B) esophagus stomach duodenum ileum large intestine (C) stomach duodenum esophagus large intestine ileum (D) stomach esophagus ileum duodenum large intestine 46. Where does most nutrient absorption occur?

(A) colon (B) esophagus (C) small intestine (D) stomach

47. Which enzyme is responsible for breaking protein into polypeptides?

(A) lipase (B) maltase (C) pepsin

(D) salivary amylase

48. The contents of four test tubes are shown in the table below. Two millimetres of Biuret reagent is added to each test tube. Which test tube will react to turn purple?

49. Which organ removes metabolic waste?

(A) gall bladder (B) kidney (C) pancreas (D) stomach

Patient 1 Patient 2 Gas Exchange % ^{C O}2 - 5 %

O₂ - 21 %

C O₂ - 5 % O₂ - 16 % Blood Testing Normal Bacteria Present

Test Tube # Contents

(A) 1 corn starch

(B) 2 glucose solution

(C) 3 protein

(D) 4 vegetable oil

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50. Which part of the kidney contains the Loop of Henle?

(A) A

(B) B

(C) C

(D) D

51. Which disorder is treated with lithotripsy (ultrasound shock waves)?

(A) bladder infection (B) kidney infection (C) kidney stones (D) nephritis

52. During the past three months, Nick has had persistent headaches, itching, fatigue, and his blood analysis indicates a higher than normal level of urea. Which treatment should first be used for Nick?

(A) blood transfusion (B) chemotherapy (C) hemodialysis (D) kidney transplant

53. After using a new laundry detergent, Janice notices she has a slight skin irritation and a runny nose. Which conditions would account for this response?

54. What describes the effect of a drug used as a treatment for rheumatoid arthritis?

(A) antigen reducer (B) chemical barrier

(C) immune system booster (D) immune system suppressor

A

B

C

D

Antibody Levels Histamine Levels

(A) elevated elevated

(B) elevated normal

(C) normal elevated

(D) normal normal

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55. After recovering from the flu, why is it unlikely that a person will have a re-occurrence of this condition?

(A) active immunity (B) innate immunity (C) maternal immunity (D) passive immunity

56. In Newfoundland there has been an outbreak of disease that affects the Lynx population. Which is most likely to occur?

57. Which condition must be met for a population to experience an increase in growth?

(A) Emigration is greater than immigration.

(B) Emigration equals immigration.

(C) Natality is greater than mortality.

(D) Natality equals mortality.

58. What describes the movement of individuals out of a population?

(A) emigration (B) immigration (C) mortality (D) natality

59. Due to environmental disruption caused by an oil spill in the Gulf of Mexico, which most likely caused the change in population pattern for shrimp at Point X?

(A) biotic potential (B) carrying capacity

(C) density dependent factor (D) density independent factor

Lynx Population Hare Population

(A) decrease decrease

(B) decrease increase

(C) increase decrease

(D) increase increase

Actual Levels

Jan. Mar. May July Sept. Nov.

Expected Levels

X

Shrimp Population in the Gulf of Mexico in 2010

Population

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60. Which graph represents a population undergoing exponential growth?

(A)

(B)

(C)

(D)

End of Part I

Time Number

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Part II -Total Value 20 Marks

Instructions: Complete all items in this section. Your responses should be clearly presented in a well-organized manner.

61 a) Why is it beneficial for a competitive athlete to have a high number of mitochondria per muscle cell? (2 marks)

________________________________________________________________________

b) Use the cell diagram to classify the cell as prokaryotic or eukaryotic. Provide one reason for your choice. (1 mark)

__________________________________________

_________________________________________

c) Assuming all three individuals are healthy, which individual would be most able to transport materials against the concentration gradient at the cellular level? Support your answer. (2 marks)

________________________________________________________________________

62 a) Give 2 reasons why organisms in class Mammalia are more complex than organisms in class Amphibia. (2 marks)

Person Blood Glucose (g/mol)

A 0.2

B 0.4

C 0.6

(15)

________________________________________________________________________

b) Give 2 reasons why the organism shown is biologically successful. (2 marks) __________________________________________________

__________________________________________________

c) Investigators extracted a small sample of DNA at a crime scene. Explain how forensic scientists can use this sample to determine who committed the crime. (2 marks)

________________________________________________________________________

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63 a) While performing their duties in Afghanistan, Canadian soldiers often have to endure high temperatures (> 35⁰C) while carrying their packs. Give two ways in which the body helps maintain homeostasis in this situation. (2 marks)

________________________________________________________________________

b) If an individual’s intestinal villi were significantly reduced in number due to a genetic defect, how would digestion be affected? (2 marks)

________________________________________________________________________

c) In November, students at a school received their annual flu shot (a weak strain of the flu virus). A segment of the student population was monitored from December to March.

Explain what accounts

for the difference in the number of hospital visits. (2 marks)

________________________________________________________________________

Number of Hospital Visits/Month

Month Flu Shot No Flu Shot

December 3 5

January 2 4

February 4 7

March 1 3

Total 10 19

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64 a) The graph below shows the growth for a population of squirrels on Treasure Island.

Identify and explain what is represented by M on the graph. (2 marks)

________________________________________________________________________

b) The data shown below represents the human population of a city. Use the data in the table provided to predict the population for 2020. Justify your answer using

demographic transition. (1 Mark)

Population Levels (Thousands)

1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2010 2020

51 51 55 61 65 66 ?

________________________________________________________________________

M

Number

Time Population of Squirrels