Pg 3-19
Sedimentary Rocks
Sedimentary rocks – Rocks that form from the products (= sediments) of the weathering of existing rocks
A) Classified as CLASTIC (Detrital) and NONCLASTIC (Chemical) 1) CLASTIC (a.k.a. detrital) – Sed. Rx formed from pieces of
other rocks.
How do you know if it Clastic?
a) Often times you can see the individual particles (mineral or rocks) that make up the rock.
b) May have layers (not bands).
Clastics are classified by particle size:
Rx Name Particle Size Environment it forms in Shale small (mud size) Water w/ low energy: Deep water
in oceans
or Lakes OR backwater like swamps.
Sandstonemedium (sand grains) Water or wind w/ medium energy.
Ex: Beach fronts, sand bars, sand dunes
Conglomeratelarge, round Water w/ high energy: like river systems.
(gravel sized) Rounded particles = large amount of
weathering
Breccia large, angular Water w/ high energy: like river systems.
(gravel sized) Angular particles = Low amount of
pg 20-31 2) NONCLASTIC (a.k.a. Chemical) – Sed. Rx formed from once
dissolved minerals or from past life processes. Two types of Nonclastics:
a) Chemical Sed. Rx – Made from once dissolved minerals Examples: Agates, rock salt
b) Organic Sed. Rx – Made from once living material (shells, coral, plant material)
Examples: most limestone, dolomite, coal
Nonclastics are classified by composition
Rx Name Composition How formed/where formed Limestone & calcite & Breakdown of coral and
shells. Form
Dolomite dolomite in deep, salt water environment (good
cave former)
Rock Salt Halite Evaporation of salt water
Chert/Flint (micro) Quartz Dissolved in water and reformed
Coal (pg 48) plant matter Breakdown of plants in swamps or
Sedimentary Rocks
Sedimentary Rocks
Sedimentary rocks –
Rocks that form from
the
products (= sediments)
of
the
weathering of existing
Sedimentary Rocks
Sedimentary rocks – Rocks that form from the products (= sediments) of the weathering of existing rocks.
+Most of the rocks exposed at
the earth’s surface are
sedimentary.
+Most of the rocks exposed at the earth’s surface are sedimentary.
A) Classified as
CLASTIC
(Detrital) and NONCLASTIC
(Chemical)
Sedimentary Rocks
Sedimentary rocks – Rocks that form from the weathering of existing rocks
A) Classified as CLASTIC (Detrital) and NONCLASTIC (Chemical)
1) CLASTIC
(a.k.a. detrital) –
Sedimentary Rocks
Sedimentary rocks – Rocks that form from the weathering of existing rocks
A) Classified as CLASTIC (Detrital) and NONCLASTIC (Chemical) 1) CLASTIC (a.k.a. detrital) – Sed. Rx formed from pieces of
other rocks.
Sedimentary Rocks
Sedimentary rocks – Rocks that form from the weathering of existing rocks
A) Classified as CLASTIC (Detrital) and NONCLASTIC (Chemical) 1) CLASTIC (a.k.a. detrital) – Sed. Rx formed from pieces of
other rocks.
How do you know if it’s Clastic?
a) Often times you can
see the individual
particles (minerals or
Sedimentary Rocks
Sedimentary rocks – Rocks that form from the weathering of existing rocks
A) Classified as CLASTIC (Detrital) and NONCLASTIC (Chemical) 1) CLASTIC (a.k.a. detrital) – Sed. Rx formed from pieces of
other rocks.
How do you know if it Clastic?
a) Often times you can see the individual particles (mineral or rocks) that make up the rock OR
Sedimentary Rocks
Sedimentary rocks – Rocks that form from the weathering of existing rocks
A) Classified as CLASTIC (Detrital) and NONCLASTIC (Chemical) 1) CLASTIC (a.k.a. detrital) – Sed. Rx formed from pieces of
other rocks.
How do you know if it Clastic?
a) Often times you can see the individual particles (mineral or rocks) that make up the rock.
b) May have layers (not bands).
Sedimentary Rocks
Sedimentary rocks – Rocks that form from the weathering of existing rocks
A) Classified as CLASTIC (Detrital) and NONCLASTIC (Chemical) 1) CLASTIC (a.k.a. detrital) – Sed. Rx formed from pieces of
other rocks.
How do you know if it Clastic?
a) Often times you can see the individual particles (mineral or rocks) that make up the rock.
b) May have layers (not bands).
Clastics are classified by particle size:
Sedimentary Rocks
Sedimentary rocks – Rocks that form from the weathering of existing rocks
A) Classified as CLASTIC (Detrital) and NONCLASTIC (Chemical) 1) CLASTIC (a.k.a. detrital) – Sed. Rx formed from pieces of
other rocks.
How do you know if it Clastic?
a) Often times you can see the individual particles (mineral or rocks) that make up the rock.
b) May have layers (not bands).
Clastics are classified by particle size:
Rx Name Particle Size Environment it forms in
Sedimentary Rocks
Sedimentary rocks – Rocks that form from the weathering of existing rocks
A) Classified as CLASTIC (Detrital) and NONCLASTIC (Chemical) 1) CLASTIC (a.k.a. detrital) – Sed. Rx formed from pieces of
other rocks.
How do you know if it Clastic?
a) Often times you can see the individual particles (mineral or rocks) that make up the rock.
b) May have layers (not bands).
Clastics are classified by particle size:
Rx Name Particle Size Environment it forms in
Shale small (mud size)
Water w/ low energy:
Deep
Siltstone
water in oceans or lakes
OR
Sedimentary Rocks
Sedimentary rocks – Rocks that form from the weathering of existing rocks
A) Classified as CLASTIC (Detrital) and NONCLASTIC (Chemical) 1) CLASTIC (a.k.a. detrital) – Sed. Rx formed from pieces of
other rocks.
How do you know if it Clastic?
a) Often times you can see the individual particles (mineral or rocks) that make up the rock.
b) May have layers (not bands).
Clastics are classified by particle size:
Rx Name Particle Size Environment it forms in Shale small (mud size) Low energy water: Deep water in
oceans or
siltstone Lakes OR backwater like swamps.
Sedimentary Rocks
Sedimentary rocks – Rocks that form from the weathering of existing rocks
A) Classified as CLASTIC (Detrital) and NONCLASTIC (Chemical) 1) CLASTIC (a.k.a. detrital) – Sed. Rx formed from pieces of
other rocks.
How do you know if it Clastic?
a) Often times you can see the individual particles (mineral or rocks) that make up the rock.
b) May have layers (not bands).
Clastics are classified by particle size:
Rx Name Particle Size Environment it forms in Shale small (mud size) Low energy water: Deep water in
oceans or
Lakes OR backwater like swamps.
Sandstonemedium (sand grains)
Water or Wind w/
medium
energy.
Ex: Beach
fronts,
Clastics are classified by particle size:
Rx Name Particle Size Environment it forms in Shale small (mud size) Low energy water: Deep water in
oceans or
Lakes OR backwater like swamps.
Sandstonemedium (sand grains) Medium energy water or wind. Beach fronts,
sand bars, dunes
Conglomerate
Clastics are classified by particle size:
Rx Name Particle Size Environment it forms in Shale small (mud size) Low energy water: Deep water in
oceans or
Lakes OR backwater like swamps.
Sandstonemedium (sand grains) Medium energy water or wind. Beach fronts,
sand bars, dunes
Conglomeratelarge, round
Water w/ high energy:
like
(gravel sized)
river systems.
Rounded particles =
large amount of
Clastics are classified by particle size:
Rx Name Particle Size Environment it forms in Shale small (mud size) Low energy water: Deep water in
oceans or
Lakes OR backwater like swamps.
Sandstonemedium (sand grains) Medium energy water or wind. Beach fronts,
sand bars, dunes
Conglomeratelarge, round Water w/ high energy: like river systems.
(gravel sized) Rounded particles = large amount of
weathering
Clastics are classified by particle size:
Rx Name Particle Size Environment it forms in Shale small (mud size) Low energy water: Deep water in
oceans or
Lakes OR backwater like swamps.
Sandstonemedium (sand grains) Medium energy water or wind. Beach fronts,
sand bars, dunes
Conglomeratelarge, round Water w/ high energy: like river systems.
(gravel sized) Rounded particles = large amount of
weathering
Breccia large, angular
Water w/ high energy:
like river
(gravel sized)
systems.
Angular particles = Low
amount
2) NONCLASTIC (a.k.a. Chemical) –
Sed. Rx
formed from once dissolved
minerals or from past life
processes.
2) NONCLASTIC (a.k.a. Chemical) – Sed. Rx formed from once dissolved minerals or from past life processes.
Two types of Nonclastics:
2) NONCLASTIC (a.k.a. Chemical) – Sed. Rx formed from once dissolved minerals or from past life processes.
Two types of Nonclastics:
a) Chemical Sed. Rx –
Made from once
dissolved minerals.
Examples: Agates, rock salt
2) NONCLASTIC (a.k.a. Chemical) – Sed. Rx formed from once dissolved minerals or from past life processes.
Two types of Nonclastics:
a) Chemical Sed. Rx – Made from once dissolved minerals Examples: Agates, rock salt
b) Organic Sed. Rx
– Made
from once living material
(shells, coral, plant material)
Examples: most
2) NONCLASTIC (a.k.a. Chemical) – Sed. Rx formed from once dissolved minerals or from past life processes.
Two types of Nonclastics:
a) Chemical Sed. Rx – Made from once dissolved minerals Examples: Agates, rock salt
b) Organic Sed. Rx – Made from once living material (shells, coral, plant material)
Examples: most limestone, dolomite, coal
Nonclastics are classified by
composition
2) NONCLASTIC (a.k.a. Chemical) – Sed. Rx formed from once dissolved minerals or from past life processes.
Two types of Nonclastics:
a) Chemical Sed. Rx – Made from once dissolved minerals Examples: Agates, rock salt
b) Organic Sed. Rx – Made from once living material (shells, coral, plant material)
Examples: most limestone, dolomite, coal
Nonclastics are classified by composition
Rx Name Composition How formed/where formed
Limestone &
calcite &
Nonclastics are classified by composition
Rx Name Composition How formed/where formed Limestone & calcite &
Breakdown of coral
and
Dolomite dolomite
shells. Form in
deep, salt
water environment
(good
cave former)
Nonclastics are classified by composition
Rx Name Composition How formed/where formed Limestone & calcite & Breakdown of coral and
shells. Form
Dolomite dolomite in deep, salt water environment (good
cave former)
Nonclastics are classified by composition
Rx Name Composition How formed/where formed Limestone & calcite & Breakdown of coral and
shells. Form
Dolomite dolomite in deep, salt water environment (good
cave former)
Rock Salt Halite Evaporation of salt water
Chert/Flint(micro) Quartz Dissolved in water
and
Nonclastics are classified by composition
Rx Name Composition How formed/where formed Limestone & calcite & Breakdown of coral and
shells. Form
Dolomite dolomite in deep, salt water environment (good
cave former)
Rock Salt Halite Evaporation of salt water
Chert/Flint (micro) Quartz Dissolved in water and reformed
Coal
(pg 48)
plant matter
(hydrocarbons)
Nonclastics are classified by composition
Rx Name Composition How formed/where formed Limestone & calcite & Breakdown of coral and
shells. Form
Dolomite dolomite in deep, salt water environment (good
cave former)
Rock Salt Halite Evaporation of salt water
Chert/Flint (micro) Quartz Dissolved in water and reformed
Coal (pg 48) plant matter
Breakdown of plants
in
(hydrocarbons)
