Risk based decision making framework for the selection of sediment dredging option

Science of the Total Env~ronment 496 (2014) 607-623

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Science of the Total Environment

journal homepage:

w w w . e l s e v i e r . c o m / l o c a t e l s c i t o t e n v

L2-f.A

Risk-based decision-making framework for the selection of sediment

₀

CrossMark

dredging option

Norpadzlihatun Manap

a.b.*,

Nikolaos Voulvoulis

a Faculb

ofTechnolow Management

and Business Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia 86400 Pmit Rajo. Botu

Pohatjohor. Malaysia

CentrefOTErmironmentalPolicy. Wal College London,

United

Kingdom

Centre

for

Environmental

Policy, lmpen'ol

College

London, United

Kingdom

H I G H L I G H T S

A

new integrated. holistic and staged framework

was

developed.

This framework aimed

to

select the best sediment dredging option.

This

new

framework is beneficial for dredging and sediment management industries.

A R T I C L E

I N F O

A B S T R A C T

Article

history:

Received

22

March

2014

Received

in

revised

form 2

July

2014

Accepted

2 July 2014

Available online

xxxx

Editor: D. Baraelo

Keywords:

Integrated environmental management

Risk-based method

Dredging

Ecological

risk

assessment

Multi-uiteria

decision

analaysis

Decision-making

method

The aim of this study was to develop a risk-based deasion-making framework for the selection of sediment

dredging option. Descriptions using case studies of the newly integrated. holistic and staged framework were

followed. The first stage utilized the historical dredging monitoring data and the contamination lwel in media

data into Ecological Risk Assessment phases. which have been altered for benefits in cost time and simplicity.

How Multi-Crlteria Decision Analysis

(MCDA) can

be

used to analyze and prioritize dredging areas based on en-

vironmental, socio-economic and managerial criteria was described for the next stage. The results from

MCDA

will be integrated into Ecological Risk Assessment to characterize the degree of contamination in

the

prioritized

areas. The last stage was later described using these findings and analyzed using

MCDA,

in order to identify the

best sediment dredging option. accounting for the economic environmental and technical aspects of dredging,

which is beneficial for dredging and sediment manaEement industries.

-

-

-

0 2014

Elsevier

B.V.

All rights resewed.

Dredging is a process that removes sediments from river and sea

beds mainly to aid ship navigation, and was first used more than a thou-

sand years ago by the peoples who lived on the banks of the Tigris and

Euphrates to deepen sea channels (Herbich, 1975; Montgomery, 1984;

Shankland, 1931

).

In addition. other purposes of dredging have historically included

extraction of sediments for the construction and agricultural industries.

removal of sediments for wharf expansion, protection of coastal areas

*

Corresponding author at: Depament

of

Construction Management. Faculty

of

Technology Management

and Business. Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, Beg k k u n c i

101.86400

F%t

Raja, Batu

PahatJohor, MaIaysiaTel.:

+60 7 453 3911; faxr f 607 4.53 3833. E-moil

address: [email protected]

(N. Manap).

Present permanent address:

1515.15 Prince's Gardens. Imperial College London.

South

Kensington Campampus, LondonSW7

UIZ, United

Kingdom.

through land reclamation, environmental improvement in the form of

flood prevention or contamination remediation. and infrashucture pur-

poses such as underwater cabling and pipelines (Blazquez et a]., 2001

;

Gurfinkel and Shepsis, 1993; Orosz and Bierbauer, 1994; Sheehan

et al., 2010b). There are two main types of dredging. Capital dredging

occurs in previously undisturbed areas, and Maintenance dredging

takes place to sustain areas adequately deepened (Montgomery. 1984;

Yell and Riddell, 1995).

In recent years, the growing need to perform extensive maintenance

dredging has been due to ships growing in size and numbers due to

increased maritime trading activities. Capital dredging has been needed

to build or extend wharfs and ports. with a number of mega dredging

projects currently in progress. including one on the River Scheldt and

another as part of the expansion of the Panama Canal (Krizner, 2010;

Schexnayder. 2010). In addition. there is an emerging demand for

dredging in developing countries due to growing global trade, with

India estimated to become the largest dredging market, in light of the

N.

Manap. N Voulvoulir/Science of the Total Environment496 (2014) 607-623

Compmsation cost for1ocrl comrm~llity

0.06

I

I

I

/

-

.

-

Original

weight

Fig18 Sensitivity analysis results showing rankings of the options after variations of weights assign to sub-criteria of Compensation cost for local community.

to apply &e best sediment dredging option that minimiza h e impacts of

Burton J. Allen G. Sediment quality criteria in use around the world. Limnology 2002;3: 65-76.

drrdging

and lowers

quality analysis

and management

_{Cappuyns V. Assessment of heavy metal mobility in dredged sediments: porewater anal-}

costs

can

be achieved through the implementation of this framework

A

ysis. single and sequential extractions. Soil Sediment Contam 2006:15:169.

dredging permit

can

be

issued

to relevant dredging stakeholders to

im-

Census of Marine tife. UNESCO. Ocean B~ogeograph~c Information System; 2012.

plement

a

drrdgjng

projeb, in which compliance to

environmental

Clarke S. Jackson A. NeffJ. Development of a nsk assessment methodology for evaluahng _{potential impacts assoc~ated wlth contarnlnated mud disposal in the marine envlron-}

rules

and regulations

can be

monitored. The application of this framework

ment. Chemosphere 2000;41:69-76.

should be in parallel

with

h e work of constructing national dredging and

Commision of ~uropean Communities. Directive of the European Pariiment and of the

contaminated land policies.

merefore,

future

dredging

work

should use

Council establishing a framework for the protection of soil and amending Directive _{2004/35/EC 2006;2006/0086 (COD).}

this framework in order to help decision-making in dredging and sedi-

_cmpr

KM,

B * ~ ~ ~CRS, ~~f~~ E, , h

cuhs

M, neddum ~~~k~ et al. A~~~~~~~~~

ment management industries This m e w o r k should be treated dynam-

of ecosystem function following marine aggregate dredging. J Exp Mar Biol Ecol2008: 366:82-91.

ical'y

and

should

be

after it has

to

dredging

_{Constantino R Clam dredging etrects and subsequent recovery of benthic communities at}

projects, where changes can be made accordingly.

different depth ranees. Mar Environ Res 2009:67:89-99.

Acknowledgments are given to Universiti

Tun

Hussein

OM

Malaysia.

the Ministry of Higher Education Malaysia, Malaysian Maritime and

Dredging Corporation Sdn. Bhd. for the support given during the writing

of this paper.

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