Safety Trained Supervisor (STS)
• Current STSs on the RCC project ~ 200
• Qualifications to participate in the program – Approval from immediate manager/supervisor
– 30 hours of S&H training
– Supervisory experience/role
• Examination
– 100 items (2 hours)
• Recertification
– Every five years, receive/conduct S&H training (6 hours/year) or toolbox talks, advance to CHST, retake and pass STS exam
STS Construction Knowledge
OSHA regulations
Company safety rules and procedures Industry safety requirements
Potential hazards
Job,craft, and phases of construction
Communication at all organizational levels Observation techniques
Training methods Job hazard analysis Test equipment usage Enforcement techniques
Proper tool and equipment selection Reporting techniques
Accident/incident investigation techniques
14.6% 14.6% 14.6% 14.6% 11.5% 11.6% 8.3% 1.3% 1.5% 1.2% 1.6% 1.2% 2.4% 1.2%
Accreditation
• National Accreditation
– National Commission for Certifying Agencies (NCCA)
– Council of Engineering & Scientific Specialty Boards (CESB)
• International Accreditation
– ANSI/ISO/IEC 17024 • National Standards
Testing Locations • Spokane
• Pasco
• Yakima
Contact Sharon Black at 372-9217 when you finish your application.
Sharon will assist you in scheduling your exam.
Focus Areas
• Module #1
– Introduction to OSHA Construction Standards (CFR 1926)
• Module #2
– Accident Investigations, Record Keeping, OSHA Inspections
• Module #3
– Respiratory Protection, Confined Space, PPE
• Module #4
– Cranes, Derricks, Hoists, Trenching & Excavation, Fire Protection
• Module #5
– Fall Protection, Hand & Power Tools, Stairways & Ladders, and Hazard Communication
Construction Safety and Health Standards
29 CFR 1926 Subpart C Safety and Health Provisions
1926.32 - Definitions
• Competent Person: One who is capable of identifying existing and predictable hazards in the surroundings or working conditions which are unsanitary, hazardous, or dangerous to employees, and who has authorization to take prompt corrective measures to eliminate them.
• Qualified Person: One who,by possession of a
recognized degree, certification, or professional standing, or who by extensive knowledge, training, and experience, has successfully demonstrated his ability to solve or
resolve problems relating to the subject matter, the work, or the project.
Supervisor Responsibilities - Video
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Qf_LWq88 H5I&feature=PlayList&p=4FB350DCD656265 B&index=12
1926.20 - General Safety and Health
• (b) Accident prevention responsibilities:
• Assigns overall responsibility;
• Mandates employer inspections;
• Prohibits unsafe tools and equipment;
• Only qualified employees permitted to operate equipment/machinery.
1926.21- Training and Education
• (a) Requires DOL to develop training & education programs
• (b) Employer responsibilities:
• Safety and health training programs;
• Recognition and avoidance of unsafe conditions, chemical hazards and safe handling, and toxic materials;
1926.23 - First Aid and Medical
• First aid services and provisions for medical care shall be made available by the employer
• 1926.50 - Subpart D
1926.24 - Fire Protection and Prevention • Employer responsible for effective fire
protection and prevention program at the job site, throughout all phases of construction, repair, alteration, or demolition work
1926.25 - Housekeeping
• (a) During construction, alteration, or repairs form and scrap lumber with protruding nails, and all other debris shall be kept cleared from work areas, passageways, and stairs, and
around buildings or other structures
• (b) Combustible scrap and debris removed at regular intervals
• (c) Appropriate containers for the collection and separation of wastes shall be provided
1926.26 - Illumination
• Construction areas, aisles, stairs, ramps, runways, corridors, offices, shops, and
storage areas where work is in progress shall be lighted with either natural or artificial
illumination.
1926.27 - Sanitation
• Drinking water criteria per 1926.51(a) - Subpart D
• 1926.51 Requirement
20 or less ... 1 toilet seat
20 or more...1 toilet seat and 1 urinal per 40 workers
200 or more... 1 toilet seat and 1 urinal per 50 workers
1926.28 - Personal Protective Equipment • (a) Employer responsible for requiring the
wearing of appropriate PPE in all operations with exposure to hazardous conditions or
where 1926 indicates the need for PPE to reduce the hazards.
• (b) Subpart E addresses use, selection, and maintenance of PPE.
1926.32 - Definitions • Act • ANSI • Approved • Authorized person • Administration • Competent person • Construction work • Defect • Designated person • Employee • Employer • Hazardous substance • Qualified • Safety factor • Secretary • Shall • Should • Suitable
1926.33 (1910.1020) Access to Employee Exposure and Medical Records
(a) Purpose
(b) Scope and Application (c) Definitions
(d) Preservation of Records (e) Access to Records
(f) Trade Secrets
(g) Employee Information (h) Transfer of Records
1926.34 - Means of Egress
• (a) Exits shall be so arranged and maintained as to provide free and unobstructed egress
from all parts of the building or structure at all times when it is occupied.
– No goofy locks
• (b) Exits and exit access shall be marked by signage for egress of “occupant.”
1926.35 - Employee Emergency Action Plans
(a) Only required when mandated by another OSHA standard
(b) Elements of the plan
(c) Employee alarm systems (d) Evacuation
1926.35(b) Elements of Emergency Action Plans
• Emergency escape procedures and routes;
• Critical plant operational guides;
• Employee accountability;
• Rescue & medical duties clarified;
• Preferred means of reporting emergencies;
Emergency Provisions
• Employee alarms systems per 1926.159
• When alerting the fire brigade or for other purposes separate and distinctive signals required
• Evacuation plans (types) shall be in the emergency action plan(1904.12)
Emergency Provisions
• Before implementing EAP a number of
people shall be trained in the safe and orderly evacuation of employees.
– Training shall be provided: • Prior to appointment;
• When changes occur; or
• When plan is changed.
– Plans may be communicated orally with 10 or fewer employees.
OSHA Recordkeeping
• Basic requirement – Each employer required by this part to keep records of fatalities,
injuries, and illnesses must record each fatality, injury and illness that:
– Is work related; and
Serious Injuries/Accidents
• If it is a fatality or an incident resulting in hospitalization (in-patient) of three or more employees, you have eight hours to verbally report it to OSHA
– If local OSHA office is closed, do not leave message. Call 800 OSHA number.
OSHA Recordkeeping
• If an injury/illness occurs report it to the
supervisor and project safety officer as soon after the incident as possible.
– They will conduct an investigation and determine if the injury/illness should be recorded
(recordability).
– Supervisors and project safety officers must be involved early for proper case management
Is It Work-Related? 1904.5
• An event or exposure in the work environment either
– caused or contributed to resulting condition
– OR
– significantly aggravated a pre-existing injury or illness
Recordability 1904.7
• Injury or illness is recordable if it results in any of the following:
– death
– days away from work
– restricted work or
transfer to another job
– medical treatment beyond first aid
What’s First Aid? 1904.7(b)(5)(ii)
• Non-prescription medication at non-prescription strength (over-the-counter-OTC)
• Tetanus shot
• Cleaning, flushing, soaking, skin surface wounds
• Wound coverings – band aids, etc.
• Hot or cold therapy
• Non-rigid means of support – elastic bandages
More First Aid
• Drilling fingernail, toenail or draining blister to relieve pressure
• Eye patches
• Removing foreign bodies from eye using only irrigation or swab
• Removing foreign material from other parts of the body by simple means – tweezers, irrigation, etc.
• Finger guards
• Massages (unless it’s through physical therapy or chiropractic care)
One More First Aid
• Drinking fluids for relief of heat stress
• This is an all-inclusive first aid list
Days Away Cases 1904.7(b)(3)
• Do not include day of injury or illness
• Number of calendar days unable to work (including weekends, etc.)
OSHA Recordkeeping
• OSHA 301 must be filled out for each recordable incident within 7 days, then
information transferred to the OSHA 300 Log.
• OSHA 300 Log must be maintained
throughout the year (within 7 days of finding out a recordable incident has occurred)
• OSHA 300-A must be reviewed, certified and posted from February 1st through April 30 for
OSHA Recordkeeping
• The OSHA 301, 300, 300-A must be saved
for five years following the end of the calendar year that these records cover.
• The OSHA 300 Log must be updated during
that five year period to include newly
discovered recordable injuries/illnesses, changes in classification, etc.
OSHA Recordkeeping
• Recordable Rate – number of recordable incidents per 100 employees
– Year 2001 industry average recordable rate was 7.8
• Days Away Rate – number of days away
cases per 100 employees
– Year 2001 industry average days away rate was 2.9
OSHA Recordkeeping
• OSHA Incident Rate Calculation
Number of incidents X 200,000
Number of hours actually worked
Incident Rate
(Number of hours worked by 100 employees in a year)
Multi-Employer Worksites • More than one
employer may be cited for a hazard- ous condition that violates an OSHA Standard, even if contract states not responsible for
Types of Inspections • Imminent Danger • Fatality/Catastrophe • Complaint or Referral • Follow-Up • Monitoring
Inspection Penalties
• Serious (substantial probability that death or serious physical harm could result)
– Up to $7,000 for each violation • Other than Serious
– Up to $7,000 for each violation • Violation of Posting Requirements – Up to $7,000 for each violation
Inspection Penalties
• Willful (knew or should have known) or Repeat
– Not less than $5,000 for Other than Serious
– Not less than $25,000 for Serious
Inspection Details
• Shall be made during regular establishment hours except when special circumstances exist
• Compliance Office has right to enter without delay
– Opening conference
– Walk around
Employer Rights
• Refusal of entry (CSHO can then go get warrant)
• Attend opening conference
• Accompany compliance officer on inspection
• Take photos, notes, etc.
• Collect samples
• Contest citation and abatement dates
• Have trade secrets kept confidential
Employer’s Right to Contest Citation • 15 working days from the time the
citation and proposed penalty are
received in which to notify the OSHA area directory in writing
• May petition for abatement modification
– Have to show steps taken thus far to abate hazard
Employee Rights or Employee Representative’s Rights
• Workplace free of recognizable hazards
• Express concerns without fear of reprimand
• Attend opening conference
• Accompany compliance officer on inspection
• Take photos, notes, etc.
• Collect samples
• Contest abatement date
• Appear before review commission
• Speak to OSHA privately
Employee Rights to Contest Citation • May contest
– Time in citation for hazardous condition abatement
– Employer’s petition for modification abatement • May Not contest
– Citation or amendments to citation
REVIEW / EXAM QUESTIONS
These questions are common questions on the STS exam.
Review Questions
You’re laying pipe in a ditch when a hazard not previously identified occurs. Steps are taken to eliminate the hazard: who has
authority for determining that conditions are now safe for the crew to re-enter the ditch? A) Supervisor
B) Competent Person C) Project Manager D) Backhoe Operator
Answer
You’re laying pipe in a ditch when a hazard not previously identified occurs. Steps are taken to eliminate the hazard: who has
authority for determining that conditions are now safe for the crew to re-enter the ditch? A) Supervisor
B) Competent Person
C) Project Manager D) Backhoe Operator
Review Questions
One of your crew deliberately violates a safety procedure, what should you do? A) Don’t do anything
B) Stop work, write him up and tell him why
C) Talk with the worker, explain to him what he is doing wrong, and let him go.
Answer
One of your crew deliberately violates a safety procedure, what should you do? A) Don’t do anything
B) Stop work, write him up and tell him why
C) Talk with the worker, explain to him what he is doing wrong, and let him go.
Review Questions
What right does a worker who calls in an OSHA complaint not have?
A) A representative to accompany the
compliance officer during his inspection B) Appeal the abatement date
Answer
What right does a worker who calls in an OSHA complaint not have?
A) A representative to accompany the
compliance officer during his inspection B) Appeal the abatement date
Review Questions
An OSHA compliance officer finds a
violation during an inspection and is issuing a citation. Who is responsible?
A) The worker
B) The general contractor C) The superintendent
Answer
An OSHA compliance officer finds a
violation during an inspection and is issuing a citation. Who is responsible?
A) The worker
B) The general contractor
C) The superintendent D) The foreman
Review Questions
Who is the best person for insuring that workers are wearing the appropriate PPE? A) The foreman
B) The supervisor
C) The project safety representative D) An OSHA representative
Answer
Who is the best person for insuring that workers are wearing the appropriate PPE? A) The foreman
B) The supervisor
C) The project safety representative D) An OSHA representative
Review Questions
An OSHA compliance officer is making a
repeat visit to verify that a previous violation has been corrected. During the visit, he may inspect which of the following?
A) Only the area in which the violation existed B) He may inspect the entire job site
C) He may only inspect what he can openly see D) He may only inspect the construction work
Answer
An OSHA compliance officer is making a
repeat visit to verify that a previous violation has been corrected. During the visit, he may inspect which of the following?
A) Only the area in which the violation existed
B) He may inspect the entire job site
C) He may only inspect what he can openly see D) He may only inspect the construction work
Review Questions
Which of the following is the minimum width of access to an exit in new construction as defined by the NFPA?
A) 30 inches B) 22 inches C) 36 inches D) 42 inches
Answer
Which of the following is the minimum width of access to an exit in new construction as defined by the NFPA?
A) 30 inches B) 22 inches
C) 36 inches
Review Questions
OSHA recommends what level of lighting for general construction work?
A) 5 foot candles B) 10 foot candles C) 15 foot candles D) 20 foot candles
Answer
OSHA recommends what level of lighting for general construction work?
A) 5 foot candles
B) 10 foot candles C) 15 foot candles D) 20 foot candles
Review Questions
Who is in charge of the emergency plan? A) Supervisor
B) Security C) Welder
Answer
Who is in charge of the emergency plan?
A) Supervisor
B) Security C) Welder
Review Questions
Employee recognition is an important step in the overall safety process. Generally
speaking, who should provide the recognition?
A) First Line Supervisor B) General Manager
C) Operations Manager
Answer
Employee recognition is an important step in the overall safety process. Generally
speaking, who should provide the recognition?
A) First Line Supervisor
B) General Manager
C) Operations Manager
Review Questions
What congressional act created OSHA? A) Bacon-Davis Act of 1934
B) Williams-Steiger Occupational, Safety, and Health Act of 1970
C) Wilkerson-Hughs Occupational, Safety and Health Act of 1992
Answer
What congressional act created OSHA? A) Bacon-Davis Act of 1934
B) Williams-Steiger Occupational, Safety, and Health Act of 1970
C) Wilkerson-Hughs Occupational, Safety and Health Act of 1992
Review Questions
What are some high-risk safety items that should be inspected daily?
A) Chains, ropes, slings B) Housekeeping
C) Electrical installations D) All of the above
Answer
What are some high-risk safety items that should be inspected daily?
A) Chains, ropes, slings B) Housekeeping
C) Electrical installations
Review Questions
Who has responsibility for safety at a multiple employer work site?
A) The direct employer
B) The construction manager C) The client and subcontractor D) All of the above
Answer
Who has responsibility for safety at a multiple employer work site?
A) The direct employer
B) The construction manager C) The client and subcontractor
Review Questions
How often is the contractor (general term) required to perform safety inspections?
A) Once per day B) Once per week
C) Frequently and regularly D) As often as needed
Answer
How often is the contractor (general term) required to perform safety inspections?
A) Once per day B) Once per week
C) Frequently and regularly
Review Questions
What is the best definition of a “Competent Person” as defined in 29 CFR 1926 and 29 CFR 1910?
A) A competent person is one assigned by the
employer who has been trained and has knowledge of the subject, has the authority to stop work, and is able to identify existing and predictable hazards.
B) Same as (a) but does not need to be assigned by the employer
C) Someone who demonstrated knowledge and training and has stop work authority
Answer
What is the best definition of a “Competent Person” as defined in 29 CFR 1926 and 29 CFR 1910?
A) A competent person is one assigned by the
employer who has been trained and has knowledge of the subject, has the authority to stop work, and is able to identify existing and predictable hazards.
B) Same as (a) but does not need to be assigned by the employer
C) Someone who demonstrated knowledge and training and has stop work authority
Review Question
What is the maximum fine OSHA may levy for a serious violation?
A) $500.00 B) $5,000.00 C) $7,000.00 D) $70,000.00
Answer
What is the maximum fine OSHA may levy for a serious violation?
A) $500.00 B) $5,000.00
C) $7,000.00
Review Questions
An employer must report a work related fatality to OSHA….
A) Within 24 hours B) Within 8 hours C) Within 4 hours D) Not required
Answer
An employer must report a work related fatality to OSHA….
A) Within 24 hours
B) Within 8 hours
C) Within 4 hours D) Not required
Review Question
A person approved or assigned by the
employer to perform a specific type of duty or to be at a specific location on the job site is a(n):
A) Designated person B) Competent person C) Authorized person D) A and C
Answer
A person approved or assigned by the
employer to perform a specific type of duty or to be at a specific location on the job site is a(n):
A) Designated person B) Competent person C) Authorized person
Review Questions
When must employers initiate and
maintain an accident prevention program in construction?
A) Always
B) Only if they have 10 or more employees C) Not required
D) When the project duration is more than 1 year in length
Answer
When must employers initiate and
maintain an accident prevention program in construction?
A) Always
B) Only if they have 10 or more employees C) Not required
D) When the project duration is more than 1 year in length
Review Questions
When is a first aid kit required on a construction site?
A) Always
B) Only when there is an absence of a medical facility that is accessible
C) Only if the site physician requires it D) Not required
Answer
When is a first aid kit required on a construction site?
A) Always
B) Only when there is an absence of a medical facility that is accessible
C) Only if the site physician requires it D) Not required
