THE RENAISSANCE
Chapter 1 Sections 1 & 2
Pgs 48-60
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Italy 1300s
Renaissance = Rebirth of
ideas lost after the fall of
Rome
Began in Italy; spread
throughout Europe.
Pre Renaissance Europe
was “blinded” by religion.
Humanism = seeing
things from a worldly
perspective
Turning point in European
Renaissance Thinkers
Explored the human experience.
Emphasis on achievement
=Individualism
Humanist movement
Studied the classical culture of
Greece/Rome.
Emphasized the humanities = poetry,
art and history.
Patron: Wealthy person who provides
Why Italy?
1.
It had been the center of the
Roman Empire.
2.
It was home to the Roman
Catholic Church which was a
patron of the arts.
3.
It’s location encouraged trade
Italy was not a united country at this time. Instead it was divided into several different
Italy’s City-States
Merchant families
became very rich
Example: the Medici
family of Florence.
Cosmo de Medici
took power and
maintained the
appearance of a fake
democracy for 30
ART IN THE
RENAISSANCE
USING
PERSPECTIVE
•
Painting
technique that
shows three
dimensions on a
flat surface.
•
Requires the
painter to use a
horizon line and
vanishing point
Marriage of the Virgin by Raphael
Vanishin g Point
Leonardo da Vinci
Born in 1452 outside Florence, Italy. One of the greatest thinkers of all
time
He was also interested in science
and inventions.
Masterpieces include: The Last
The Renaissance Person = Rich
People
Men: an individual who tried to master
almost every area of study; a universal man.
According to The Courtier (how to book) a
universal man should be charming, witty, well
educated in the classics, able to dance, sing, play music, and write poetry. Skilled at riding horses, wrestling and the art of the sword.
Women: supposed to be well educated and
charming, however they were not supposed
to seek fame as a artist etc… Be the
Why was Leonardo da Vinci a
Renaissance Man?
“Sometimes, in supernatural fashion, beauty,
grace, and talent are united beyond measure in one single person…
This was seen by all mankind in Leonardo da Vinci…
so great was his genius, and such its growth, that to whatever difficulties he turned his mind, he solved them with ease.
In him was great bodily strength… with spirit and courage ever royal and magnanimous (worthy, noble);
and the fame of his name so increased, that not
only in his lifetime was he held in esteem, but his reputation became even greater among posterity after death.”
Michelangelo
Born in 1475 in
Tuscany
Famous pieces:
The David, the
Sistine Chapel
Sistine Chapel
Raphael
Learned from studying da Vinci and Michelangelo's works.
His favorite subject to paint was the Madonna and Son.
Donatello
Born in Florence 1386.
One of the earliest
Renaissance Artists; Sculptor Famous Works: David, St.
Botticelli
Born in Florence in 1445
Member of the Medici Family
Famous Works: The Adoration of
The Renaissance in Northern
Europe
By 1400s
northern
Europe’s
economy was
growing.
Began in
Flanders
Flemish
painters
Pieter Bruegel
Known for
Jan van Eyck
Not much known about him.
Many copied his realism
Johann Gutenberg
•
1440 Germany,
invented the printing
press.
•
1454, First book
printed the Bible.
•
Pre Printing Press-
books were hand
copied by monks =
expensive!
•
Mass production =
cheap
•
People were learning
to read.
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The Use of the Vernacular
Vernacular:
Everyday language
Why write in the vernacular?
It allows everyday people in the middle
class to enjoy reading which previously
they may not have been able to do
Shakespea
re
Born in 1564 in
Stratford-upon-Avon
Famous Works:
Hamlet, Romeo and
Juliet, Julius Caesar,
Macbeth, A
Midsummer Night’s
Dream, and the
Taming of the Shrew.
Added 1,700 words to
Thomas
More
1516 wrote
Utopia
, which
means
no place
.
It was about an
imaginary world
where there was
no greed,
corruption, or war.
Today utopia
Machiavel
li
Author of the Prince : pg 55
Legacy of the Renaissance
Changes in Art
•
Art drew on techniques and styles of classical
Greece/Rome
•
In Southern Europe art was more fantasy like.
•
In Northern Europe paintings portrayed a
realistic look at daily life.
•
Art was secular and religious
Changes in Society
•
The Printing Press changed society by making
information available and inexpensive.
Review Questions
What intellectual movement was key to the
Renaissance?
Humanism
What is one reason why the Renaissance began in
Italy?
Italy had been the center of the Roman Empire
The Catholic Church was a wealthy patron
Trade with the Middle East came into Italy and then
dispersed across Europe.
Name one major change that resulted because of the
invention of the printing press.
Books could be printed cheaper making them more
