Jeff Bartley, P.E., LEED AP
Waters Edge Aquatic Design
Janette Foster, M.S. Ed., OTR/L
Lee Ann Britain Infant Development Center
About Us & Why Aquatic Therapy
y Leann Britain Infant Development Center has touched the lives of over 4,000 kids and their families since 1972.
y Dedicated to serving children with developmental disabilities from birth to six years of age.
y Involves parents and siblings in the process of therapeutic treatment and education.
y Individualized programs developed by an integrated team of physical, occupational and speech therapists, early childhood special education teachers and music therapists.
Statistics
y According to the Center for Disease Control, 17%of all children have a developmental or behavioral disability such as autism or other disorder.
y There are a variety of traditional treatment methods for children with special needs, however one type of occupational therapy becoming more prevalent is Aquatic Therapy.
In this session, we will define the benefits of aquatic therapy for children with special needs including children with Cerebral Palsy,
Down Syndrome, Developmental Delay and Autism Spectrum disorders, in addition to discussing ways to set up the perfect facility for
aquatic therapy programming.
Aquatic Therapy, What is it?
y Aquatic therapyutilizes the unique properties of the water to rehabilitate patients after injury or those with chronic illness.
y Pediatric aquatic therapy facilitates the acquisition of developmental milestones, improves fitness skills, improves social skills, and allows the child to develop a life‐long leisure skill.
Benefits of Aquatic Therapy
y Improvements in balance, coordination, flexibility y Improvements in range of motion, circulation and pain
reduction
y Decrease in weight bearing on joints y Fitness gains
y Improved sensory integration
y Improved social skills, self esteem and self confidence
Who can Benefit?
1. Adults with special conditions and needs
2. Children with special conditions and needs
A. Children with Cerebral Palsy
y Range of Motion and Tone Management
y Breath control and respiration for health and speech
y Freedom of movement unlike any other environment
y Independence
y Motor planning
y Social skills
y Life long fitness and leisure activity
Hope
Who can Benefit,
continuedB. Children with Down Syndrome and/or Developmental Delay
y Strengthening and endurance
y Low muscle tone
y Breath control & respiration for health and speech
y Acquisition of developmental milestones
y Social skills
y Life‐long fitness & leisure activity Obesity prevention
Nathaniel
Who can Benefit,
continuedC. Children with Autism spectrum and/or Children with Sensory Integration Disorders
y Processing of sensory information
y Motor skills and motor planning
y Social skills
y Life long fitness and leisure activity
y Allows child with ASD to be part of a team sport yet still participating as an individual
Samantha Mira
Common Activities with a Therapist
y Cerebral Palsy
y Range of motion activities to decrease risk of contractures
y Neutral warmth relaxes muscles and helps to inhibit muscle tone
y Assisted walking with and without the use of flotation
y Use of floatation in deep water to increase strength and endurance
y Use of flotation to increase independence
y Use of varying depths of water and side of pool to increase arm strength
y Utilizing buoyancy of the water to assist movement of arms on top of water’s surface to reach for toy
y Breath control
Assisted walking
Use of Flotation in Deep Water
Increased Independence
Arm strengthening
Breath Control
Common Activities with a Therapist ,
continued y Down Syndrome and Developmental Delayy Water adjustment activities
y Increase overall strength and endurance
y Oral motor exercises
y Increase respiration for breath control y Basic swim stroke development
y Acquisition of developmental milestones
y Sitting
y Crawling
y Walking
Water adjustment
Strength and Endurance
Basic Swim Stroke Development
Developmental Milestones
Common Activities with a Therapist,
continuedy Autism spectrum and sensory integration disorders
y Water adjustment activities
y “Heavy work” activities to improve sensory modulation including motor planning
y Resistive activities
y Deep water activities
y Varying positions while moving through water
y Wall walking in deep water
y Social games to encourage interaction, eye contact, and relationships with other people
Water adjustment
Heavy Work: Resistive Activities
Heavy Work: Deep Water
Heavy Work: Wall Walking
Social skills
Life‐long Health and Wellness
How to Accommodate Therapy
y Adapting your Existing Facility
y Utilize what you have
y Alter what you have
y Provide Equipment y Planning a new facility
y Utilize what you have
y Ability to manipulate water temperature‐ desired temps at 85 to 90 degrees
y Utilize existing water depths – 1 foot to 4 feet deep
y Use your stairs
Adapt Your Facility
yAlter what you have
y water depths
y You can always make your pool more shallow
Adapt Your Facility ,
continuedy Equipment
y Flotation
y Compression Vest (i.e. Wet Vest)
y Wrist/Ankle Weights
y Flow‐through mat
y Balls
y Toys
Adapting Your Facility
y Designing a new facility
y Manufactured pools versus new
y Manufactured pools / systems
y Custom designed
y Key Features
y Features / activities
y Details / Functional pools edges
y Entry methods
y Textures / coatings
y Water treatment
y Lighting
y Air Quality
y Surrounding space considerations
Integrating Aquatic Therapy
y Manufactured pools
y Manufactured shells with built‐in features
y Typically fiberglass or stainless steel shells
y Usually smaller pools
y Popular/Common Manufacturers
y SwimEx
y HydroWorx
y Therapeutic Systems, Inc.
Integrating Aquatic Therapy,
continuedy Fiberglass shells‐ SwimEx
y Fixed depths/areas
y Built‐in equipment
Integrating Aquatic Therapy
, continuedy HydroWorx Pools
y Built in treadmill‐ entire floor
y Moveable floor
Integrating Aquatic Therapy,
continuedy Custom Designed Therapy Pools
y Often larger
y Features not generally built in
Integrating Aquatic Therapy,
continuedy For kids‐ 1 ft. to 4 ft.
y Shelf (teaching pod)
y Variable steps ‐ lots of steps
Features: Water Depths
y Dedicated therapy pools – No Problem.
y For shared pools……….Can’t you just turn the thermostat up/down?
y Heated water in concentrated area
Features: Water Temperatures
y Conventional gas‐fired heaters
y Takes water from the recirc./filter loop heats and returns
Features: Pool Heater Options
y Pool heater options
y “Green” Options
y Alternate style‐ Closed loop heat system
y Reclaimed heat (from other systems)
y Solar
Features: Pool Heater,
continuedy Conventional perimeters
y Stainless steel gutters y Skimmers
y Concrete
y More inviting edges y Importance of finger grip y Add railing?
Features: Perimeter Edges
y Add railing?
Features: Perimeter Edges,
continuedyRamps
yZero‐depth entry
yLifts
yStairs
yTransfer tiers
yTransfer walls
Features: Entry
y Common choices:
y Paint
y Plaster
y Metal panels
y Fiberglass
y Vinyl lined
y Tile
y Important choice given tactile response of kids
Features: Coatings & textures
• Conventional disinfectants‐ chlorine based
Features: Water Treatment
• Alternate types
y Saline Systems
y Hydrogen peroxide
• Supplemental
y Ultra‐violet light (UV)
y Ozone
Features: Water Treatment,
Continued• Create pleasant, warm and inviting area
• Indirect lighting
• Reduce “hot spots”/ point sources
• Natural light‐ but avoid glare
y Lighting types
y Fluorescent‐ small areas, smaller watts, energy efficient, good color
y Metal Halide‐ larger areas, higher watts, good lighting
Features: Lighting
y Air Quality‐ Big 3 include
y Humidity‐ 50‐60% relative humidity
y Temperature‐ Air temp. 2 degrees warmer than water
y Fresh Air Circulation‐ Therapy pools ‐ 4 to 6 air changes per hour (with mechanical cooling)
Features: Air Quality
y Humidity Control (50 to 60% rel. humidity)
y Comfort of patrons
y Protect structures and equipment
y If Humidity is high
y Uncomfortable
y Corrosion
y Condensation
y If Humidity is low
y Evaporative cooling‐ which means cold swimmers and a hard time maintaining pool temperature
Features: Humidity Control
y Be careful not to blow air directly on swimmers
y Have fresh air capacity
y Control airborne chloramines from forming in pool
Features: Air Quality/Circulation
y Common Methods
y Ceilings
y Perforated ceilings
y Suspended banners/ baffles y Walls
y Acoustical block
y Wall panels
Features: Noise Control
y Spectator Areas‐ preferably in cooler location
y Private restroom/ change rooms
y Office area/ dry classroom for therapists/patients
Features: Surrounding Spaces
Today, we hope you learned:
y The benefits of aquatic therapy for children with special needs
y Current aquatic therapy programming activities for children with Cerebral Palsy, Down Syndrome and Developmental Delay Disorders and Autism Spectrum Disorders
y Ways to adapt your existing facility and considerations when planning a new aquatic facility to accommodate aquatic therapy programming