Configurable Sensor Nodes for AAL Applications

(1)

IHP

Im Technologiepark 25

15236 Frankfurt (Oder)

Peter Langendörfer

(2)

Some background

(3)

Outline

•

Introduction and Motivation

•

Configuration approach: solutions and challenges

•

First all IHP vital data monitoring node

•

Life Demo: featuring Lars Wolf

(4)

Example – AAL Application

•

AAL application for monitoring vital

parameters and fall detection

•

Requirements:

Monitor vital parameters

Fall detection

Positioning

Strong protection of user data

•

Two different kinds of WSN required

Fixed installation of large nodes

Small body area network (BAN)

(5)

What we all would like to have

Lego like interfaces

But even the Lego world

(6)

Sensor Node Configuration Approach

HW

Protocol

Stack

Middleware

Energy Management

Dependa

bility

Configurability

Development

Runtime

Milan

tinyDB

Mate

B-Mac

IHP-Beaconing

802.15.4

tinyDSM

LEON

IPMS430

MIPS

RF 802.15.4a

RF 868MHz

Power Mgmt. Power Supply

Microcontroller Speicher Hardware -Beschleuniger Analoges Frontend Baseband Basisband Ein-/Ausgabe Memory 250KB

SPI

Baseband

868MHz

HW Acc ECC, AES

IPMS430

On boardcomm. Power Mgmt. Power Supply

Microcontroller Speicher Hardware -Beschleuniger Analoges Frontend Baseband Basisband Sensor Ein-/Ausgabe Memory 250KB

SPI

Baseband

868MHz

HW Acc ECC, AES

IPMS430

. Sensorics

EN13757-3-4

(7)

Compiling complex ASICs: Positioning node

•

Fixed Point node:

-

32 bit µC,

-

UWB for communication and positioning

802.15.4a

UWB

SPOx

Temp

GSM

Power

Mgmt.

Power

Supply

BaseBand

SPI

ECC

AES

IMPS

430

Memory 32k

Memory

64k

LEON

Library

Node

(8)

Positioning node (approx.)

Leon

Processor

Core

I-Cache

(16 kB)

Bridge

(M

ast

e

r)

SRAM (32 kB)

&

CardBus

(Master)

UART

UART 0

(Master)

CardBus

(Linux/Windows Host)

Sum1

AMBA AHB Bus

AES

SRAM

Flash

D-SPRAM (8 kB)

(

Memory Controller

(AHB Slave)

Internal SRAM

(32 kB)

Registers

&

Control

Data I/O Control (Master)

Packet Filter / Checksum

GPIO

Serial 1+2

Check

Sum

CPU Control Bus

AES / MD5

Data I/O

UART

EPP

ECC

GPIO

Bridge

EJTAG

(Debug)

(9)

Compiling complex ASICs: vital data monitor

•

Body Area Node (BAN)

-

16 bit µC

-

Communication interfaces (SPI, UWB)

-

Encryption

-

Fall sensor

802.15.4

a

UWB

SPOx

Temp

ACC

Power

Mgmt.

Power

Supply

Base Band

SPI

Leon

AES

ECC

µC

IPMS

430

Memory

64k

Memory

32k

Library

Node

(10)

Sensor nodes for AAL- Applications: Hardware

Memo Base Band Power Mgmt. Power Supply

802.15.4

a

UWB

µC IPMS430

SPOx

AES

Temp

ACC

SPI

Memory Base Band Power Mgmt. Power Supply 802.15.4a UWB Leon LeonLeon Leon _ECC/AES

(11)

Interface Issues

•

Strong need to combine individual hardware blocks

2nd µC or DSP

Protocol accelerators

Crypto accelerators

•

Strong need to combine software components

Protocols & operating systems

Middleware & operating systems

Middleware & applications

•

Providing access to specialized hardware for

(12)

Hardware Blueprint: Memory-like Interface (MLI)

•

Data bus is 32 bit wide

(13)

Hardware Blueprint: Software for AES integration

// AES base address

#define AESBASE 0x20200000 //memory mapped IO

//Write key

writeReg(0x2b7e1516, AESBASE + KEYBASE + 0);

writeReg(0x28aed2a6, AESBASE + KEYBASE + 1);

writeReg(0xabf71588, AESBASE + KEYBASE + 2);

writeReg(0x09cf4f3c, AESBASE + KEYBASE + 3);

writeReg(0x3243f6a8, AESBASE + DATABASE + ENCRYPTION + 0);

writeReg(0x885a308d, AESBASE + DATABASE + ENCRYPTION + 1);

writeReg(0x313198a2, AESBASE + DATABASE + ENCRYPTION + 2);

writeReg(0xe0370734, AESBASE + DATABASE + ENCRYPTION + 3);

-

AES data block 128 BIT => 4 chunks á 32 Bit

-

Commando word does not exist

-

Instead: address bits select the function

(key, data,

encryption/decryption)

(14)

IPMS430

BAN

Leon

Fixed

N

ode

Contiki

Compiling complex software for heterogeneous systems

•

Different OS ( tinyOS, Contiki,…) and the same

application on the top?

Æ

Solution: OS adaption layer

Reflex

802.15.4

tinyDSM

Monitor

Application

eCos

802.15.4

tinyDSM

Monitor

Application

Adaption layer

Monitor

Application

tinyDSM

Library

(15)

Software blueprint: tinyDSM OS adaptation layer, realisation

•

OS specific functionality realisations

Timers

Input/Output (flash, radio, etc.)

Task scheduling

•

The tinyDSM middleware core integration

The OS adaptation layer allows easy integration

•

tinyDSM is implemented in C

Uses a specified internal interface for the used OS functions

For each OS specific interface a wrapper is needed

(16)

Software blueprint: Wrapper sample

Communication interface process task

•

implementation in the tinyDSM core

void CorecommIntProcess_Task(){…}

•

scheduling of task in tinyDSM known

Corepost_commIntProcess();

Contiki Wrapper

PROCESS(commIntProcess, "commIntProcess");

PROCESS_THREAD(commIntProcess, ev, data){

PROCESS_BEGIN();

CorecommIntProcess_Task();

PROCESS_END();

}

void Corepost_commIntProcess(){

process_post(&commIntProcess, 0x81, 0);

}

TinyOS Wrapper

task void commIntProcess(){

CorecommIntProcess_Task();

}

void Corepost_commIntProcess(){

post commIntProcess();

(17)

tinyDSM empowered event scripting

ACC=1g

ACC

ACC=1g

Reasoning

ACC > 1g?

Reflex

tinyDSM

Monitor

Measurements

BAN

eCos

802.15.4

tinyDSM

Monitor

Measurements

P

o

si

ti

oni

er

ung

802.15.4a

UWB

positioning

ranging

tinyDSM update

Event ACC IF acc > 1g trigger update()

(18)

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(20)

Conclusions

•

Plug‘n Play for sensor node hard- and software is a big challenge

•

Some solutions exist and can be used to customize sensor nodes

•

Tool support is an open research issue

(21)

Thank you for your attention

Questions or comments

?

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