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学校编码:10384 分类号 密级 学号:X2013230306 UDC

工 程 硕 士 学 位 论 文

基于 C/S 模式的某高校收费管理系统

设计与实现

Design and Implementation of

Charge Management System Based on C/S

for a University

刘瑶

指 导 教 师 : 吴 清 强 副 教 授

专 业 名 称 : 软

论文提交日期: 2 0 1 5 年 4 月

论文答辩日期: 2 0 1 5 年 5 月

学位授予日期: 年

师:

答辩委员会主席:

2015

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术活动规范(试行)

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摘要 I

摘 要

随着教育事业的蓬勃发展,国内高校由于教育体制改革的逐步深化,高校的 办学形式跟以前有了很大不同,呈现多元化的趋势,办学规模则不断扩大,学生 收费项目和缴费方式的增多给高校学费的收取带来了很大的工作量,而学费又是 学校经济收入的主要来源之一,得益于高校收费,维持了高校的日常运转。高校 财务管理工作的很重要的一部分就是高校学生收费管理工作。采取有效的措施和 方法,强化高校收费管理工作,让高校收费工作高效率起来,这样大大的保障了 高校各项事业的开展。减轻了高校财务管理的压力,对高校的办学条件的改善, 对高校教育经费不足的缓解,对高校的办学质量的提升等都具有极高的意义。 本文是针对当前一些高校存在的学生收费管理的需求,对现有的学生数目、 专业设置和培养方式的众多和繁杂等引起的收费管理工作上的问题,设计了一套 基于 C/S 体系结构的高校收费管理系统,首先探讨了本系统的研究背景及意义, 讨论了本系统的研究内容及任务,还研究了高校收费现存在的问题,最后介绍了 本文的组织结构;然后,介绍了与本系统开发相关的体系结构的基本知识及选择、 数据库的概念及数据库的选择、最后是系统前台开发工具;再分析研究了当前高 校的实际情况下,再针对本高校收费管理系统进行需求分析。构建系统用例图和 系统活动图,为高校收费管理系统的设计实现打下基础;高校收费管理系统的设 计与实现,首先总体结构设计的介绍,并分别阐述了系统数据库设计、系统各功能 模块的设计、系统用户界面设计、系统安全性设计;系统的测试,首先是系统的 测试环境和对系统功能的测试,确保系统能完成各项功能,达到预期效果;最后对 本文进行了总结,还提出了本文要改进的地方和今后高校管理系统的发展方向。 关键词:高校;收费管理系统; 体系结构

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Abstract

II

Abstract

With the vigorous development of the education career, as a result of the education reform gradually deepening domestic universities, colleges and universities in the form of running as before had the very big different, present the trend of diversification, scale is constantly expanding, increasing student fees and payment methods for university tuition charge a lot of effort, and tuition is the main part of school economic income, is a powerful guarantee for colleges and universities to maintain daily operation. College student fees management work is an important part of financial management in colleges and universities work. Take effective measures and methods, strengthening the management of universities charge work and make universities charge high efficiency, such big guarantee for the development of various undertakings in colleges and universities. Ease the pressure on the financial management of colleges and universities, to improve the conditions of colleges and universities and alleviate the lack of funds for education, improve the educational quality is of high significance.

This dissertation is based on the current existing some colleges and universities

student fees management needs, the existing number of students, professional set up and the ways of numerous and complex caused by charging management work problems, design a set of based on C/S architecture universities charge management

system, the concrete research content is as follows:Introduced this system

development background, the purpose of this system development are discussed, as well as in the development of the work content of this system, also studied the universities charge in the existing problems. The theoretical basis universities charge management system, including the architecture of this system, the choice of the system architecture, database foundation, background database, the system development tools needed at the front desk.System requirements analysis, the analysis of the actual situation of school study, on the basis of this system demand analysis. According to the analysis result, to build the system use case diagram and activity diagram, which laid a foundation for further design to realize.System design and

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Abstract

III

implementation, this paper introduces the overall structure design of this charge system, and expounds the system database design, system of each function module design, interface design, system security design.System test, the system test environment and the system function test, to ensure that the system can complete all function, achieve the desired effect.Summary and outlook of this paper is summarized, and also put forward in this paper to improve the local and the development direction of management system of colleges and universities.

Key words: Colleges and Universities; Charge Management System; Architecture

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目录 IV

第一章 绪 论 ...

1

1.1 研究背景及意义 ... 1 1.2 主要研究内容及任务 ... 1 1.2.1 研究内容 ... 2 1.2.2 研究任务 ... 2 1.3 研究现状及问题 ... 2 1.4 本文组织结构 ... 3

第二章 相关理论基础 ...

5

2.1 体系结构 ... 5 2.1.1 二层C/S体系 ... 5 2.1.2 三层C/S体系 ... 6 2.1.3 B/S体系 ... 7 2.1.4 开发结构体系的选择 ... 8 2.2 数据库基础 ... 9 2.2.1 数据库概念 ... 9 2.2.2 关系数据库 ... 11 2.2.3 统一建模语言 ... 12 2.3 选择开发工具 ... 14 2.4 本章小结 ... 14

第三章 系统需求分析 ...16

3.1 系统性能需求 ... 16 3.2 系统业务分析 ... 17 3.3 系统用例分析 ... 18 3.4 本系统活动图 ... 21 3.4.1 用户权限管理活动图 ... 21 3.4.2 收费活动图 ... 22 3.4.3 欠费统计活动图 ... 22

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目录 V 3.5 本章小结 ... 23

第四章 系统设计与实现 ...24

4.1 系统总体架构设计 ... 24 4.2 系统功能模块设计与实现 ... 24 4.2.1 登录模块设计与实现 ... 26 4.2.2 系统管理模块设计与实现 ... 28 4.2.3 学籍管理模块设计与实现 ... 29 4.2.4 收费管理模块设计与实现 ... 32 4.3 系统数据库设计 ... 39 4.3.1 编码设计 ... 40 4.3.2 高校收费管理系统表的设计 ... 40 4.3.3 数据传递模块 ... 45 4.4 系统安全设计 ... 46 4.4.1 网络系统安全 ... 46 4.4.2系统安全性措施 ... 47 4.4.3数据库的安全性 ... 47 4.4.4安全性设计 ... 48 4.5 本章小结 ... 49

第五章 系统测试 ...50

5.1 系统测试目的 ... 50 5.2 系统测试原则 ... 50 5.3 系统测试环境 ... 52 5.4 系统部分测试 ... 53 5.4.1登录功能测试 ... 53 5.4.2 学生信息录入功能测试 ... 54 5.4.3 收费功能测试 ... 55 5.5 本章小结 ... 58

第六章 总结与展望 ...59

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目录 VI 6.1 总结 ... 59 6.2 展望 ... 59

参考文献 ...60

致谢 ...62

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Contents

VII

Contents

Chapter 1 Introduction ... 1

1.1 Backgroun and Significance ... 1

1.2 Main Research Content and Task ... 1

1.2.1 Research Content ... 2

1.2.2 Research Task ... 2

1.3 Research Status and Problem ... 2

1.4 Structure ... 3

Chapter 2 Relevant Technology Introduction ... 5

2.1 Architecture ... 5

2.1.1 Two Layers C/S Architecture ... 5

2.1.2 Three Layers C/S architecture ... 6

2.1.3 B/S Architecture ... 7

2.1.4 Choose Architecture ... 8

2.2 Database ... 9

2.2.1 Database Concepts ... 9

2.2.2 Relational Database ... 11

2.2.3 Unified Modeling Language ... 12

2.3 Choose Tools ... 14

2.4 Summary ... 14

Chapter 3 System Requirement Analysis ... 16

3.1 System Performance Goals ... 16

3.2 System Business Analysis ... 17

3.3 System Case Analysis ... 18

3.4 The System Activity Diagram ... 21

3.4.1 User Rights Management Activity Diagram ... 21

3.4.2 Charging Activity Diagram ... 22

3.4.3 Lack of statistical activity diagram ... 22

3.5 Summary ... 23

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Contents

VIII

Chapter 4 System Design and Implementation ... 24

4.1 Framework Design ... 24

4.2 Function Design ... 24

4.2.1 Login Module and Realize ... 26

4.2.2 System Management Module and Realize ... 28

4.2.3 Student Status Management Module Design and Realize ... 29

4.2.4 Charge Management Module Design and Realize... 32

4.3 System Database Design... 39

4.3.1 Code Design ... 40

4.3.2 System Table Design ... 40

4.3.3 Data Transfer Module ... 45

4.4 System Security Design ... 46

4.4.1 Network System Security ... 46

4.4.2 System Security ... 47

4.4.3 Database Security ... 47

4.4.4 Security Design ... 48

4.5 Summary ... 49

Chapter5 System Test ... 50

5.1 System Test Purpose ... 50

5.2 System Test Principle ... 50

5.3 System Test Environment ... 52

5.4 System Part of the Test ... 53

5.4.1 Log in Function Test ... 53

5.4.2 Student Information Input Function Test ... 54

5.4.3 Charge Information Test ... 55

5.5 Summary ... 58

Chapter 6 Conclusions and Prospect ... 59

6.1 Conclusions ... 59

6.2 Prospects ... 59

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