CHAPTER 13:
Name_______________
THE CRISIS OF THE UNION (1844 – 1860)
Manifest Destiny: South and North – Independence of Texas
Know: Second Party System, Major Stephen H. Long, Great American Desert, Louisiana Purchase, Adams-Onis Treaty of 1819
1. What were some of the reasons that Americans moved to the Mexican Province of Texas? A.
B. C.
Austin Family: Texas Pioneers and Speculators
Know: Moses Austin, Stephen F. Austin, General Santa Ana
2. What events lead the residents of Texas to revolt against Mexico? A.
B. C.
Rebellion and War
Know: Alamo, David Crockett, Jim Bowie, General Sam Houston, Battle of San Jactino 3. How did the Mexican government attempt to regain control of Texas and why did it fail?
A. B. C.
The Push to the Pacific: Oregon
Know: John L. O’Sullivan, Democratic Review, Oregon Trail, Oregon Fever
4. What made moving to Oregon and the West so appealing to Americans and what hardships did they encounter during the move?
A. B. C. California
Know: California Trail, Californios, Thomas Oliver Larkin
5. In what ways were the Californians similar to the American-Texan settlers and in what ways were different?
The Fateful Election of 1844
Know: “Oregon Convention”, 54º40’, James K. Polk James G. Birney
6. Discuss the conflict between the Democrats and the Whigs during the election of 1844 over the issue of land acquisition.
A. B. C.
War, Expansion, and Slavery 1846 – 1850: Polk’s Expansionist Program
Know: General Zachary Taylor, Nueces River, Rio Grande, Republic of Texas, John Slidell, James Buchanan, John C. Fremont, Ulysses S. Grant
7. Explain Polk’s methods in his pursuit of obtaining Texas from Mexico. A.
B. C.
American Military Successes
Know: John Sloat, “Bear Flag Republic, Buena Vista, General Winfield, Robert E. Lee, George Meade, P.G.T. Beauregard, Cerro Gordo, Churubusco
8. How was it that the American victories did not end the war with Mexico? A.
B. C.
A Divisive Victory: The Wilmot Proviso
Know: Charles Francis Adams, Joshua Giddings, conscience Whigs, Thomas Morris, David Wilmot,
Richmond Enquirer, Jefferson Davis, Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo. 9. What was the Wilmot Proviso and why did Congress reject it?
A. B. C.
Free Soil
Know: “Slave Power”, Free-Soil Movement, Liberty Party, William Lloyd Garrison, “whitemanism” 10. What was the free-soil movement and what was its historical significance?
Frederick Douglas: Political Abolitionist
Know: Thomas Auld, Deep South, Anna Murray, Anti-Slavery Society, North Star, Buffalo Convention, Free-Soil Party
11. Describe Frederick Douglas’s past and how it had influenced his position as an abolitionist? A.
B. C.
The Election of 1848
Know: Senator Lewis Cass, squatter sovereignty, Charles Francis Adams, 12. Explain the outcome and significance of the election of 1848.
A. B. C.
1850: Crisis and Compromise: Statehood for California
Know: John A. Sutter, Sacramento River Valley, San Francisco, “forty-niners”
13. Did the California Gold Rush have an impact on the annexation of California? Explain. A.
B. C.
Constitutional Conflict
Know: Senator Albert Gallatin Brown, popular sovereignty, Salmon P. Chase, William H. Seward 14. Explain the four distinct positions regarding slavery in the territories.
A. B. C.
A Complex Compromise
Know: Millard Fillmore, District of Columbia, “fire-eaters”, “Southern Rights”
15. Explain the provisions of the Compromise of 1850 and how it temporarily ease the tension between pro-slavery advocates and abolitionists?
The End of the Second Party System 1850 – 1858: Resistance to the Fugitive Slave Act
Know: Frederick Douglass, Fugitive Slave Law, Harriet Beecher Stowe, Uncle Tom’s Cabin, Personal-liberty laws, Ableman v. Booth, Chief Justice Roger B. Taney
16. How and why did people resist the Fugitive Slave Act? What impact did their resistance have? A.
B. C.
The Political System in Decline
Know: General Winfield Scott, Lewis Cass, Stephen Douglas, James Buchanan, Gadsden Purchase, transcontinental rail line, William L. Marcy, Ostend Manifesto, “Slave Power”
17. Did the outcome of the election of 1852 create a wider rift between slavery advocates and Anti-expansionists? Explain.
A. B. C.
The Kansas-Nebraska Act and the Rise of New Parties Know: 36º30’, Kansas-Nebraska Act, President Pierce
18. Why did Senator Douglas propose the Kansas-Nebraska and how was it modified to win Southern and Northern support?
A. B. C.
The Republican and American Parties
Know: Abraham Lincoln, Order of the Star-Spangled Banner, American Party, “alien menace” 19. Compare and contrast the Republican party and American (Know-Nothing) party.
A. B. C.
Bleeding Kansas
Know: David R. Atchison, New England Emigrant Aid Society, Lecompton, Kansas, “Bleeding Kansas”, Horace Greeley, New York Tribune, Sack of Lawerence, John Brown, Pottawatomie
Election of 1856
Know: Millard Fillmore, “anti”-voters
21. Compare and contrast the presidential nominees and their positions in the election of 1856. A.
B. C.
Dred Scott: Petitioner for Freedom
Know: Dred Scott v. Sandford, Chief Justice Roger B. Taney, Senator Seward 22. Explain the significance of the Dred Scott decision.
A. B. C.
Lincoln
Know: New Salem Debating Society, Mary Todd Lincoln
23. “Lincoln’s ambition was ‘a little engine that knew no rest.” Evaluate the validity of this statement. A.
B. C.
Lincoln-Douglas Debates
Know: “House Divided” speech, “negro equality, Freeport Doctrine
24. Compare and contrast Lincoln’s and Douglas’s positions, especially in regards to slavery. A.
B. C.
The Union Under Siege: The Rise of Radicalism
Know: Election of 1858, Harpers Ferry, Republican Party
The Election of 1860
Know: John Townsend, interstate slave trade
26. What was the result of the election of 1860 and how did it affect the South’s view of the Union? A.
B. C.
A French Banker Analyzes the Election of 1860 and the Threat of Session 27. Summarize this section.
A. B. C.
