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THE EFFECTIVENESS OF PLANNED TEACHING PROGRAMME ON

THE KNOWLEDGE AND PRACTICES REGARDING PREVENTION

OF ANEMIA AMONG ANC MOTHERS.

Satish N. Salvi* and Basavant Dhudum

1

Assistant Professor, Community Health Nursing, College of Nursing, Bharati Vidyapeeth

Deemed University, Sangli, Maharashtra, India.

2

Assistant Professor, Medical Surgical Nursing, College of Nursing, Bharati Vidyapeeth

Deemed University, Sangli, Maharashtra, India.

ABSTRACT

Anemia in pregnancy is defined by the World Health Organization

(WHO) as a hemoglobin concentration below 11 g/dl.Anemia affects

42% of pregnant womens. It continues to be a major health problem in

many developing countries and is associated with increased rates of

maternal and perinatal mortality, premature delivery, low birth weight,

and other adverse outcomes. More than half of the pregnant women in

the world have hemoglobin levels indicative of anemia. Although only

15% of pregnant women are anemic in developed countries, the

prevalence of anemia in developing countries is relatively high (33% to

75%). The most common cause of anemia in pregnancy worldwide is

iron deficiency. The predisposing factors include grandmultiparity, low

socioeconomic status, malaria infestation, late booking, HIV infection,

and inadequate child spacing – among others. Causes of anemia include infections,

hemoglobinopathies and nutritional deficiencies. A commonly employed strategy to tackle

anemia is nutrition education and counseling (NEC).NEC strategies focus on increasing heme

and nonheme iron intake, decreasing the intake of iron absorption inhibitors, encouraging

iron-folic acid supplementation.

OBJECTIVIES

1. To assess the existing knowledge and practices related to prevention of anemia among

ANC mothers.

Volume 6, Issue 5, 625-630. Research Article ISSN 2277– 7105

*Corresponding Author

Satish. N. Salvi

Assistant Professor,

Community Health Nursing,

College of Nursing, Bharati

Vidyapeeth Deemed

University, Sangli,

Maharashtra, India. Article Received on 01 March. 2017,

Revised on 22 March 2017, Accepted on 12 April 2017

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2. To evaluate the effectiveness of planned health teaching on knowledge & practices related

to Prevention of anemia among ANC mothers.

3. Find out the association between pre-test knowledge & practices with selected

demographic variables among ANC mothers.

KEYWORDS: Anemia, ANC Mothers.

INTRODUCTION

According to the United Nations (UN) estimates, approximately half of pregnant women

suffer from anemia worldwide. Anemia prevalence during pregnancy differed from 18% in

developed countries to 75% in South Asia. Nutritionally related iron deficiency is the main

cause of anemia throughout the world. It is especially common in women of reproductive age

and particularly during pregnancy. The demand for iron increases about six to seven times

from early pregnancy to the late pregnancy. Besides poor nutrition, frequent labour,

multiparity, abortions, parasitic infestations, consuming excess tea or coffee after meals

determined as the predictors of anemia in reproductive age women.

Studies well indicated the association of anemia with maternal morbidity and mortality.

Worldwide, anemia contributes to 20% of all maternal deaths. Anemia in pregnancy also

leads to premature births, low birth weight, fetal impairment and infant deaths. It reduces the

productivity of women. The reduction in women's productivity places an economic burden on

the families, communities and the societies. Recently, mental impairment of children who

were anemic in the very beginning of their life have been reported. All of those showed the

necessity of special control program for anemia in vulnerable population.

The prevalence of folate deficiency in pregnant patients varies from 1 to 50%. The

prevalence is higher among economically deprived patients. B12 vitamin is mostly found in

foods of animal origin and deficiency was not reported as a frequent cause of anemia.

Anemia due to zinc, copper, vitamin A or other vitamin and minerals are also considered in

the literature.

About half of pregnant women in India are anemic, as per the National Family Health Survey

III (2005-06). Worse, instead of any improvement anemia levels in pregnant women climbed

(3)

Globally, as per WHO report on prevalence of anemia worldwide, 2005, 41.8 percent of

pregnant women are anemic. The African region with 57.1 percent has maximum percentage

of anemic pregnant women followed by Southeast Asia at 48.2 percent.

As regards anemia in all married women, the trend is no better. In urban and rural areas,

anemia prevalence in women (age 15-49 years) was 50.9 percent and 57.4 percent

respectively.

“Anemia is prevalent in those parts of our society where women are the last one to read, write

and eat. The quality and the quantity of the food taken by women is also of worst quality,“

“Dietary advice given to women has to be given at each visit. Hemoglobin level should be

checked. Proper antenatal check-up is required.

OBJECTIVIES

1. To assess the existing knowledge and practices related to prevention of anemia among

ANC mothers.

2. To evaluate the effectiveness of planned health teaching on knowledge & practices related

to prevention of anemia among ANC mothers.

3. Find out the association between pre-test knowledge & practices with selected

demographic variables among ANC mothers.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

RESEARCH DESIGN: Cross-sectional research designs

SETTING OF THE STUDY: For pilot study, Bethelnager ANC clinic is selected.

The setting for present research study is selected ANC clinic of Miraj city.

POPULATION OF THE STUDY

The target population of the study was the ANC mothers who are attending ANC clinic.

SAMPLE SIZE

The sample size selected for this study was 30.

SAMPLING TECHNIQUE

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[image:4.595.115.483.117.452.2]

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

TABLE 1: Distribution of samples according to demographic characteristics

Sr. No. Demographic characteristics Frequency Frequency in

percentage

01.

Age

a.20yrs-25yrs

b.25yrs 1 month-30yrs

25 5 80% 20% 02. Education a. illiterate b. up to12th std c. Graduate 2 25 3 7% 83% 10% 03. Occupation a. housewife 30 100% 04. Husband education a. illiterate b. upto 12th std c. Graduate

d.post graduate and above

1 24 3 2 3.33% 80% 10% 6.67% 05. Husband occupation a. farmer b. labour c. businessman d. service 14 2 8 6 46.67% 6.67% 26.67% 20% 06. Diet a. Vegetarian b. Non-Vegetarian 9 21 30% 70% N=30

Table no.2 Distribution according to their mean, standard deviation of pre-test and

post-test knowledge and practice score.

EFFECTIVENESS OF KNOWLEDGE AFTER PLANNED TEACHING PROGRAMME

Pre Test Post Test t cal P value

Mean 6.733333 12.93333333 18.038541862.

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Fig.No.1 Pre Test Practices checklist of prevention of Anemia Among ANC Mothers.

Fig.No.2 Post test practices checklist of prevention of Anemia among ANC Mothers.

CONCLUSIONS

The following conclusions are made from the study findings.

1. Adequate knowledge and practices seen in ANC mothers regarding Anemia.

2. There is significant relationship between Age, Mothers education, Diet, Husband

occupation.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

Firstly, we are grateful to Almighty God whose grace, unconditional love and blessing

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We also extend our sincere gratitude to Dr. Mrs. Nilima R. Bhore, Principal, Research

coordinator, Bharathi Vidhyapeeth Deemed University, College of Nursing, Wanlesswadi,

Sangli.for her constant guidance and valuable suggestions.

The proverb that,’ One can never make alone,’ could never be truer than in this situation. We

have so many well-wishers that we find it impossible to name them all however, deep down

in our heart; we will always remember each and every one for their contribution.

REFERENCES

1. B.T Basavanthappa, Text book of midwifery and Reproductive Health Nursing, 1st Edition, published by Jaypee Brothers Medical Published Ltd., 2006; 528 to 529.

2. Annamma Jacob, Manual of Midwifery, 1st Edition, published by Jaypee Brothers Medical Published Ltd., 2009; 34 to 44.

3. Myles, Textbook of Midwives, 5th Edition, 374 to 380. 4. D C Dutta, Textbook of Obstetrics, 6th Edition, 260 to 276.

5. Nirmala V J, Silvia Edision, Suni M S, Research Methodology In Nursing, 1st Edition, 2011; 132: 128.

6. Rajan Das, P N Das, Biomedical Research Methodology, 1st Edition, 220 to 226. 7. Professor Dr. A. Mustafa, J. Satish, Nursing Research, 1st Edition, 2011; 430 to 433. 8. Bharat Pareek, Shivani Sharma, A Textbook Of Nursing Research And Statistics, 3rd

Edition, 2011, Published by Peevee,s vikas and compan medical publishers, 188 to 190.

9. Denis F Polit, Cheril Tatano Beck, Nursing Research Generalizing And Assessing

Evidence For Nursing Practice, 9th Edition, 2011; 195 to 196.

Figure

TABLE 1: Distribution of samples according to demographic characteristics

References

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