THE EFFECTIVENESS OF PLANNED TEACHING PROGRAMME ON
THE KNOWLEDGE AND PRACTICES REGARDING PREVENTION
OF ANEMIA AMONG ANC MOTHERS.
Satish N. Salvi* and Basavant Dhudum
1
Assistant Professor, Community Health Nursing, College of Nursing, Bharati Vidyapeeth
Deemed University, Sangli, Maharashtra, India.
2
Assistant Professor, Medical Surgical Nursing, College of Nursing, Bharati Vidyapeeth
Deemed University, Sangli, Maharashtra, India.
ABSTRACT
Anemia in pregnancy is defined by the World Health Organization
(WHO) as a hemoglobin concentration below 11 g/dl.Anemia affects
42% of pregnant womens. It continues to be a major health problem in
many developing countries and is associated with increased rates of
maternal and perinatal mortality, premature delivery, low birth weight,
and other adverse outcomes. More than half of the pregnant women in
the world have hemoglobin levels indicative of anemia. Although only
15% of pregnant women are anemic in developed countries, the
prevalence of anemia in developing countries is relatively high (33% to
75%). The most common cause of anemia in pregnancy worldwide is
iron deficiency. The predisposing factors include grandmultiparity, low
socioeconomic status, malaria infestation, late booking, HIV infection,
and inadequate child spacing – among others. Causes of anemia include infections,
hemoglobinopathies and nutritional deficiencies. A commonly employed strategy to tackle
anemia is nutrition education and counseling (NEC).NEC strategies focus on increasing heme
and nonheme iron intake, decreasing the intake of iron absorption inhibitors, encouraging
iron-folic acid supplementation.
OBJECTIVIES
1. To assess the existing knowledge and practices related to prevention of anemia among
ANC mothers.
Volume 6, Issue 5, 625-630. Research Article ISSN 2277– 7105
*Corresponding Author
Satish. N. Salvi
Assistant Professor,
Community Health Nursing,
College of Nursing, Bharati
Vidyapeeth Deemed
University, Sangli,
Maharashtra, India. Article Received on 01 March. 2017,
Revised on 22 March 2017, Accepted on 12 April 2017
2. To evaluate the effectiveness of planned health teaching on knowledge & practices related
to Prevention of anemia among ANC mothers.
3. Find out the association between pre-test knowledge & practices with selected
demographic variables among ANC mothers.
KEYWORDS: Anemia, ANC Mothers.
INTRODUCTION
According to the United Nations (UN) estimates, approximately half of pregnant women
suffer from anemia worldwide. Anemia prevalence during pregnancy differed from 18% in
developed countries to 75% in South Asia. Nutritionally related iron deficiency is the main
cause of anemia throughout the world. It is especially common in women of reproductive age
and particularly during pregnancy. The demand for iron increases about six to seven times
from early pregnancy to the late pregnancy. Besides poor nutrition, frequent labour,
multiparity, abortions, parasitic infestations, consuming excess tea or coffee after meals
determined as the predictors of anemia in reproductive age women.
Studies well indicated the association of anemia with maternal morbidity and mortality.
Worldwide, anemia contributes to 20% of all maternal deaths. Anemia in pregnancy also
leads to premature births, low birth weight, fetal impairment and infant deaths. It reduces the
productivity of women. The reduction in women's productivity places an economic burden on
the families, communities and the societies. Recently, mental impairment of children who
were anemic in the very beginning of their life have been reported. All of those showed the
necessity of special control program for anemia in vulnerable population.
The prevalence of folate deficiency in pregnant patients varies from 1 to 50%. The
prevalence is higher among economically deprived patients. B12 vitamin is mostly found in
foods of animal origin and deficiency was not reported as a frequent cause of anemia.
Anemia due to zinc, copper, vitamin A or other vitamin and minerals are also considered in
the literature.
About half of pregnant women in India are anemic, as per the National Family Health Survey
III (2005-06). Worse, instead of any improvement anemia levels in pregnant women climbed
Globally, as per WHO report on prevalence of anemia worldwide, 2005, 41.8 percent of
pregnant women are anemic. The African region with 57.1 percent has maximum percentage
of anemic pregnant women followed by Southeast Asia at 48.2 percent.
As regards anemia in all married women, the trend is no better. In urban and rural areas,
anemia prevalence in women (age 15-49 years) was 50.9 percent and 57.4 percent
respectively.
“Anemia is prevalent in those parts of our society where women are the last one to read, write
and eat. The quality and the quantity of the food taken by women is also of worst quality,“
“Dietary advice given to women has to be given at each visit. Hemoglobin level should be
checked. Proper antenatal check-up is required.
OBJECTIVIES
1. To assess the existing knowledge and practices related to prevention of anemia among
ANC mothers.
2. To evaluate the effectiveness of planned health teaching on knowledge & practices related
to prevention of anemia among ANC mothers.
3. Find out the association between pre-test knowledge & practices with selected
demographic variables among ANC mothers.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
RESEARCH DESIGN: Cross-sectional research designs
SETTING OF THE STUDY: For pilot study, Bethelnager ANC clinic is selected.
The setting for present research study is selected ANC clinic of Miraj city.
POPULATION OF THE STUDY
The target population of the study was the ANC mothers who are attending ANC clinic.
SAMPLE SIZE
The sample size selected for this study was 30.
SAMPLING TECHNIQUE
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
TABLE 1: Distribution of samples according to demographic characteristics
Sr. No. Demographic characteristics Frequency Frequency in
percentage
01.
Age
a.20yrs-25yrs
b.25yrs 1 month-30yrs
25 5 80% 20% 02. Education a. illiterate b. up to12th std c. Graduate 2 25 3 7% 83% 10% 03. Occupation a. housewife 30 100% 04. Husband education a. illiterate b. upto 12th std c. Graduate
d.post graduate and above
1 24 3 2 3.33% 80% 10% 6.67% 05. Husband occupation a. farmer b. labour c. businessman d. service 14 2 8 6 46.67% 6.67% 26.67% 20% 06. Diet a. Vegetarian b. Non-Vegetarian 9 21 30% 70% N=30
Table no.2 Distribution according to their mean, standard deviation of pre-test and
post-test knowledge and practice score.
EFFECTIVENESS OF KNOWLEDGE AFTER PLANNED TEACHING PROGRAMME
Pre Test Post Test t cal P value
Mean 6.733333 12.93333333 18.038541862.
Fig.No.1 Pre Test Practices checklist of prevention of Anemia Among ANC Mothers.
Fig.No.2 Post test practices checklist of prevention of Anemia among ANC Mothers.
CONCLUSIONS
The following conclusions are made from the study findings.
1. Adequate knowledge and practices seen in ANC mothers regarding Anemia.
2. There is significant relationship between Age, Mothers education, Diet, Husband
occupation.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
Firstly, we are grateful to Almighty God whose grace, unconditional love and blessing
We also extend our sincere gratitude to Dr. Mrs. Nilima R. Bhore, Principal, Research
coordinator, Bharathi Vidhyapeeth Deemed University, College of Nursing, Wanlesswadi,
Sangli.for her constant guidance and valuable suggestions.
The proverb that,’ One can never make alone,’ could never be truer than in this situation. We
have so many well-wishers that we find it impossible to name them all however, deep down
in our heart; we will always remember each and every one for their contribution.
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