How To Use 3D On A Computer Or Tv

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3D Displays

13 May 2010 Metropolia University of Applied Sciences _{Lauri Virkki}

• What is 3D?

• 3D History

• 3D production

• 3D Displays

• 3D now

Agenda

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3D Displays

• What is 3D?

– Eyes are average 64 mm apart

– Objects are seen on slightly different angle for each eye

– Brain processes view from both eyes into one image where objects have different

perspective

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3D Displays

http://www.vision3d.com/stereo.html

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3D Displays

• 3D display techniques exploit the way

human vision works

• On display or screen eyes are focused on

screen level even though images might

appear to be in front or behind the display

– This can cause eye fatigue or other symptoms

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3D history

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3D Displays

• Concept of stereoscopy was introduced by

Charles Wheatstone in 1830’s

• First ever 3D film show was ‘The Power of

Love’ at Ambassador Hotel theater in Los

Angeles in 1922

• In 1950’s 3D films were featured in movie

theatres

• In 1980’s and 90’s IMAX theatres showed

3D films

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3D Displays

• In Japan Nippon BSII digital started the

BSII 3D TV channel in 2007

• In Europe UK broadcaster Sky has started

broadcast of BSkyB 3D channel

• 3D breakthrough in Finland was Avatar in

movie theatres

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3D Displays

3D production

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3D Displays

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• From hype to reality

• In 2008 there were 8 movies in 3D

• In 2009 there were over 20 and they were

more popular than 2D movies

• DreamWorks Animation no longer produce

anything in 2D only

• 2010 football World Cup in South Africa –

up to 25 games filmed in 3D

3D production

_{Stereo pair}

• Based on providing view for left and right

eye separately by various techniques

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3D Displays

• Color filters

– Red and green glasses

– Also other color combinations used – No need for 3D display

– Can be used even on print

– Colors can be faded and in any are effected

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3D Displays

http://www.flickr.com/photos/36085855@N05/3563279123/

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3D Displays

• Polarizing filters

– Image for each eye displayed through polarizing filter

– Viewer wears similarly polarized glasses – In projection screen surface must not affect

polarization

– Some overall brightness drop

– Circular polarization used to eliminate image disappearing when tilting head

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3D Displays

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• Shutter glasses

– Glasses block one eye at the time in sync with display

– Requires high speed display – Glasses have active components

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3D Displays

Autostereoscopic

• Each eye of the viewer sees the different

image from the same display without use

of glasses

• Narrow viewing position

• Binocular with one viewing position and

multi-view with several viewing positions

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3D Displays

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3D Displays

• Parallax barrier

– Series of vertical aperture slits are placed in front of the screen that control which part of the screen each eye sees

– Horizontal resolution is halved – Can be turned off for 2D – Small sweet spot

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• Lenticular

– Thousands of tiny lenses placed in front of regular LCD screen

– Each eye can focus on different set of sub pixels on LCD element

– LC lenses can be turned of for 2D viewing – Slanted lenses versions for multi-view

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3D Displays

Philips optoelectronic

LC-lens-switch concept

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3D Displays

• Head tracking

– By tracking viewers head the display optics are kept so that viewer’s eyes stay in stereoscopic area

– Downside is increased system complexity

• Requires system to process tracking data like OpenCV

– Virtual reality systems would be an example of head tracking system integrated into monitor glasses

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3D Displays

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3D Displays

• Volumetric

– Use a medium to fill or scan a three-dimensional space

– Because depths is part of the space of the volumetric display eye convergent and focus just like in real world

– Swept volume – Solid state system

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Sony prototype with 96 x 128 pixel resolution

• Holographic

– Photography technique that records image on three dimensions

– Each point of the holographic screen emits light beams of different color and intensity to various directions

– Cannot be done in real-time for video

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3D Displays

HoloVizio display principle

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3D Displays

3D video signal

Left right independent

Side by side Above-below

Frame independent

Checkerboard

Line by line

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3D Displays

• 2D conversion to 3D

– Lack of 3D content – chicken or the egg problem

– 3D display not convertible to 2D cannot sell – Philips has developed algorithms that derive a

depth map for each video frame automatically

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3D Displays • XpanD

– Used by Finnkino -16 theatre rooms – Total of 27 theathres in Finland

– Regular white matte screen and shutter glasses synced with IR

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• Dolby 3D

– RGB for each eye is split into different wavelengths with the color filter wheel in front of projector and dichroic filter ‘Infitec’ glasses

– Bio Rex in Hämeenlinna

3D now - movies

http://pro.jvc.com/pro/microsite/3d

• RealD

– Circular polarization and silver screen – No theatres in Finland

http://pro.jvc.com/pro/microsite/3d

3D now - movies

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3D Displays • IMAX

– Two projectors

– Polarization or shutter glasses

3D now - movies

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3D Displays • JVC

– circular polarization – Line by line or side by side

• Samsung

– LED, LCD and plasma – Shutter glasses

• Panasonic

– Plasma – Shutter glasses

– Frame sequential for full HD

3D now - TV

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3D Displays

• Sharp

– Autostereoscopic with parallax barrier – Also touch screen

• Sony

– Shutter glasses – Frame sequential

3D now - TV

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3D Displays • December 19th 2009 Blu-ray disk association

announced final specification for 3D Blu-ray • Multiview Video Coding (MVC) codec