---CASE 091 Faculty Association of Mapua vs. Mapua CASE 091 Faculty Association of Mapua vs. Mapua G.R. No. 164060
G.R. No. 164060 June 15, 2007 June 15, 2007
Digest by: Angelo Lope Digest by: Angelo Lope
---Topic:
Topic: !"#g"ining $#o%e&u#e ' Duty to !"#g"in !"#g"ining $#o%e&u#e ' Duty to !"#g"in $onente: J.
$onente: J. (uisi)bing(uisi)bing Facts:
Facts: 1.
1. $#i*"$#i*"te #esponte #espon&en&ent +"pu" nstitt +"pu" nstitute o e%ute o e%/nol/nology + /i#eogy + /i#e&& A#
A#t/t/u# u# AAn&n&e#e#sesen n to to &e&e*e*elolop p " " ""%u%ultlty y #"#"nnining g "n"n&& %o)pens"tion syste). 3n J"nu"#y 2, 2001, in t/e 5t/ !A %o)pens"tion syste). 3n J"nu"#y 2, 2001, in t/e 5t/ !A negoti"tion )eeting, + p#esente& t/e ne "%ulty #"ning negoti"tion )eeting, + p#esente& t/e ne "%ulty #"ning inst#u)ent to petitione# "%ulty Asso%i"tion o
inst#u)ent to petitione# "%ulty Asso%i"tion o +"pu" nstitute+"pu" nstitute o e%/nology A+. /e l"tte# "g#ee& to t/e "&option "n& o e%/nology A+. /e l"tte# "g#ee& to t/e "&option "n& i)pl
i)ple)ee)ent"tint"tion on o o t/e t/e inst#inst#u)enu)ent, t, it/ t/e it/ t/e #ese#ese#*"t#*"tion ion t/"tt/"t t/e#e s/oul& be no &i)inution in #"n "n& p"y o t/e "%ulty t/e#e s/oul& be no &i)inution in #"n "n& p"y o t/e "%ulty )e)be#s. 3n Ap#il 17, 2001, A+ "n& + ente#e& into " )e)be#s. 3n Ap#il 17, 2001, A+ "n& + ente#e& into " ne !A ee%ti*e June 1, 2001.4 t in%o#po#"te& t/e ne ne !A ee%ti*e June 1, 2001.4 t in%o#po#"te& t/e ne #"ning o# t/e %ollege "%ulty in 8e%tion 9 o A#ti%le o #"ning o# t/e %ollege "%ulty in 8e%tion 9 o A#ti%le o !A.
!A. 2.
2. ;/en t/e !A t;/en t/e !A too eeoo ee%t, t/e i%t, t/e i%e $#esi&%e $#esi&ent o# A%ent o# A%"&e"&e)i%)i% A"i#s issue& " )e)o#"n&u
A"i#s issue& " )e)o#"n&u) to "ll ) to "ll &e"ns "n& sub<e%t %/"i#s to&e"ns "n& sub<e%t %/"i#s to e*"lu"te "n& #e-#"n t/e "%ulty un&e# t/ei# supe#*ision using e*"lu"te "n& #e-#"n t/e "%ulty un&e# t/ei# supe#*ision using t/
t/e e nene #"#"nnining g ininstst#u#u)e)entnt. . =i=ig/g/t t ""%t%to#o#s s ee#e #e to to bebe %ons
%onsi&e#i&e#e& e& "n& "n& gi*egi*en n t/eit/ei# # %o##%o##espoespon&inn&ing g eigeig/ts>p/ts>pointointss "%%o#&ing to le*els "tt"ine& pe# "%to#. A)ong t/ese e#e: 1 "%%o#&ing to le*els "tt"ine& pe# "%to#. A)ong t/ese e#e: 1 e&u%"tion"l "tt"in)ent? 2 p#oession"l /ono#s #e%ei*e&? @ e&u%"tion"l "tt"in)ent? 2 p#oession"l /ono#s #e%ei*e&? @ #ele*"nt t#"ining, et%.
#ele*"nt t#"ining, et%. @.
@. AAtete# # " " )o)ontnt/, /, ++ %"%"lllle& e& AA++s s "t"ttetentntioion n to to //"t "t itit pe#%ei*e& to
pe#%ei*e& to be be l"s l"s o# o# o)issions in o)issions in t/e t/e !A signe& !A signe& by by t/et/e p"#ties. + #e
p"#ties. + #eBueste& o# "Bueste& o# "n ")en&)n ")en&)ent o !A ent o !A "nneCes."nneCes. 4.
4. AA+ #e<e+ #e<e%te& t/%te& t/e p#opoe p#opos"l. t s"i& t/"s"l. t s"i& t/"t t/ese %/"t t/ese %/"ngenges oul&s oul& %onstitute " *iol"tion o t/e
%onstitute " *iol"tion o t/e #"tiie& 2001 !A "n& #esult in t/e#"tiie& 2001 !A "n& #esult in t/e &i)inution o #"n "n& beneits o A+ %ollege "%ulty. t &i)inution o #"n "n& beneits o A+ %ollege "%ulty. t "#gue& t/"t t/e p#opose& ")en&)ent in t/e #"ning syste) o# "#gue& t/"t t/e p#opose& ")en&)ent in t/e #"ning syste) o# t/e %ollege "%ulty #e*ise& t/e
t/e %ollege "%ulty #e*ise& t/e point #"nges e"#lie# "g#ee& uponpoint #"nges e"#lie# "g#ee& upon
by
by t/e t/e p"#ties p"#ties "n& "n& eCp"n&s eCp"n&s t/e t/e 1 1 "%ulty "%ulty #"ns #"ns to to 2@. 2@. ponpon le"#ning o t/e %/"nges, A+ oppose& t/e o#)ul".
le"#ning o t/e %/"nges, A+ oppose& t/e o#)ul". 5.
5. AA+ b#o+ b#oug/ug/t t/e )"ttet t/e )"tte# to N+!. t #ule& "g# to N+!. t #ule& "g"ins"inst +"pu"t +"pu".. A #e*e#se&.
A #e*e#se&. Issue:
Issue: WON MITs ne! p"oposal# "e$a"%in$ faculty "an&in$ an%WON MITs ne! p"oposal# "e$a"%in$ faculty "an&in$ an% evaluation# la!ful an% consistent !it' t'e "atifie% C(A
evaluation# la!ful an% consistent !it' t'e "atifie% C(A )ulin$:
)ulin$: No#
No# "s "s obse#*e& by 3i%e o obse#*e& by 3i%e o t/e ot/e olunt"#y A#bit#"tolunt"#y A#bit#"to#s, #s, t/e e*"lu"tiont/e e*"lu"tion sys
syste) te) &i&ie#s e#s #o) p"st #o) p"st e*"le*"lu"tiu"tion on p#"%p#"%ti%eti%es s e.ge.g., ., t/ost/ose e t/"t gi*et/"t gi*e )o#e eig/t to tenu#e "n& "%ulty lo"& su%/ t/"t t/e syste) %"n le"& )o#e eig/t to tenu#e "n& "%ulty lo"& su%/ t/"t t/e syste) %"n le"& tto o " " &&ee))oottiioon n iin n ##""nn oo# # " " ""%%uulltty y ))ee))bbee##.. Noteo#t/y
Noteo#t/y, A#t, A#ti%le 25@ o t/e Li%le 25@ o t/e L"bo# o&e st""bo# o&e st"tes:tes: ART.
ART. 253.253. Duty to bargain collectively when there exists a Duty to bargain collectively when there exists a collective bargaining agreement – When there is a collective collective bargaining agreement – When there is a collective bargaining agreement, the duty to bargain collectively shall bargaining agreement, the duty to bargain collectively shall also mean that neither party shall terminate nor modify such also mean that neither party shall terminate nor modify such agreement during its lifetime. However, either party can serve agreement during its lifetime. However, either party can serve a written notice to terminate or modify the agreement at least a written notice to terminate or modify the agreement at least sixty (6! days prior
sixty (6! days prior to its to its expiration date. "t shall expiration date. "t shall be the be the dutyduty of both parties to #eep the status $uo and to continue in full of both parties to #eep the status $uo and to continue in full force
force and and effect effect the the terms terms and and conditions conditions of of the the existing existing ag
agrereemement ent dudurinring g the the 6%6%daday y perperiod iod anand&od&or r ununtil til a a neneww agreement is reached by the parties.
agreement is reached by the parties.
ntil " ne !A is eCe%ute& by "n& beteen t/e p"#ties, t/ey "#e ntil " ne !A is eCe%ute& by "n& beteen t/e p"#ties, t/ey "#e &uty-boun& to eep t/e st"tus Buo "n& to %ontinue in ull o#%e "n& &uty-boun& to eep t/e st"tus Buo "n& to %ontinue in ull o#%e "n& ee%t t/e te#)s "n& %on&itions o t/e eCisting "g#ee)ent. /e l" ee%t t/e te#)s "n& %on&itions o t/e eCisting "g#ee)ent. /e l" &o
&oes es not not p#op#o*i&*i&e e o# o# "ny "ny eCeC%ep%eptiotion n nono# # BuBu"li"lii%i%"ti"tion on on on /i/i%/%/ e%ono)i% p#o*isions o t/e eCisting "g#ee)ent "#e to #et"in its o#%e e%ono)i% p#o*isions o t/e eCisting "g#ee)ent "#e to #et"in its o#%e "n& ee%t. /e#eo#e, it )ust be un&e#stoo& "s en%o)p"ssing "ll t/e "n& ee%t. /e#eo#e, it )ust be un&e#stoo& "s en%o)p"ssing "ll t/e te#)s "n& %on&itions in t/e s"i& "g#ee)ent.
te#)s "n& %on&itions in t/e s"i& "g#ee)ent.
/e !A &u#ing its lieti)e bin&s "ll t/e p"#ties. /e
/e !A &u#ing its lieti)e bin&s "ll t/e p"#ties. /e p#o*isionp#o*isions o t/es o t/e !A )ust be #espe%te& sin%e its te#)s "n& %on&itions E%onstitute t/e !A )ust be #espe%te& sin%e its te#)s "n& %on&itions E%onstitute t/e l" beteen t/e p"#ties.E /ose /o "#e entitle& to its beneits %"n l" beteen t/e p"#ties.E /ose /o "#e entitle& to its beneits %"n
in*oe its p#o*isions. n t/e
in*oe its p#o*isions. n t/e e*ent t/"t "n oblig"tion t/e#ein i)pose& ise*ent t/"t "n oblig"tion t/e#ein i)pose& is not ulille&, t/e "gg#ie*e& p"#ty /"s t/e #ig/t to go to %ou#t "n& "s not ulille&, t/e "gg#ie*e& p"#ty /"s t/e #ig/t to go to %ou#t "n& "s #e&#ess.14 /e !A is t/e no#) o %on&u%t beteen petitione# "n& #e&#ess.14 /e !A is t/e no#) o %on&u%t beteen petitione# "n& p#i*"te
p#i*"te #espon&en#espon&ent t "n& "n& %o)pli"n%%o)pli"n%e e t/e#eit/ t/e#eit/ is is )"n&"te& )"n&"te& by by t/et/e eCp#ess poli%y o t/e l".
eCp#ess poli%y o t/e l". *ispositive
*ispositive: $etition is : $etition is G#"nte&.G#"nte&. *oct"ine:
*oct"ine:
ntil " ne !A is eCe%ute& by "n& beteen t/e p"#ties, t/ey "#e ntil " ne !A is eCe%ute& by "n& beteen t/e p"#ties, t/ey "#e &uty-boun& to eep t/e st"tus Buo "n& to %ontinue in ull o#%e "n& &uty-boun& to eep t/e st"tus Buo "n& to %ontinue in ull o#%e "n& ee%t t/e te#)s "n& %on&itions o t/e eCisting "g#ee)ent. /e l" ee%t t/e te#)s "n& %on&itions o t/e eCisting "g#ee)ent. /e l" &o
&oes es nonot t p#op#o*i&*i&e e o# o# "ny "ny eCeC%e%eptiption on nono# # BuBu"li"lii%i%"ti"tion on on on //i%/i%/ e%ono)i% p#o*isions o t/e eCisting "g#ee)ent "#e to #et"in its o#%e e%ono)i% p#o*isions o t/e eCisting "g#ee)ent "#e to #et"in its o#%e "n& ee%t. /e#eo#e, it )ust be un&e#stoo& "s en%o)p"ssing "ll t/e "n& ee%t. /e#eo#e, it )ust be un&e#stoo& "s en%o)p"ssing "ll t/e te#)s "n& %on&itions in t/e s"i& "g#ee)ent.
te#)s "n& %on&itions in t/e s"i& "g#ee)ent. /e !A &u#ing its lieti)e bin&s "ll t/e
/e !A &u#ing its lieti)e bin&s "ll t/e p"#ties. /e p#o*isions o t/ep"#ties. /e p#o*isions o t/e !A )ust be #espe%te& sin%e its te#)s "n& %on&itions E%onstitute t/e !A )ust be #espe%te& sin%e its te#)s "n& %on&itions E%onstitute t/e l" beteen t/e p"#ties.E
in*oe its p#o*isions. n t/e
in*oe its p#o*isions. n t/e e*ent t/"t "n oblig"tion t/e#ein i)pose& ise*ent t/"t "n oblig"tion t/e#ein i)pose& is not ulille&, t/e "gg#ie*e& p"#ty /"s t/e #ig/t to go to %ou#t "n& "s not ulille&, t/e "gg#ie*e& p"#ty /"s t/e #ig/t to go to %ou#t "n& "s #e&#ess.14 /e !A is t/e no#) o %on&u%t beteen petitione# "n& #e&#ess.14 /e !A is t/e no#) o %on&u%t beteen petitione# "n& p#i*"te
p#i*"te #espon&en#espon&ent t "n& "n& %o)pli"n%%o)pli"n%e e t/e#eit/ t/e#eit/ is is )"n&"te& )"n&"te& by by t/et/e eCp#ess poli%y o t/e l".
eCp#ess poli%y o t/e l". *ispositive
*ispositive: $etition is : $etition is G#"nte&.G#"nte&. *oct"ine:
*oct"ine:
ntil " ne !A is eCe%ute& by "n& beteen t/e p"#ties, t/ey "#e ntil " ne !A is eCe%ute& by "n& beteen t/e p"#ties, t/ey "#e &uty-boun& to eep t/e st"tus Buo "n& to %ontinue in ull o#%e "n& &uty-boun& to eep t/e st"tus Buo "n& to %ontinue in ull o#%e "n& ee%t t/e te#)s "n& %on&itions o t/e eCisting "g#ee)ent. /e l" ee%t t/e te#)s "n& %on&itions o t/e eCisting "g#ee)ent. /e l" &o
&oes es nonot t p#op#o*i&*i&e e o# o# "ny "ny eCeC%e%eptiption on nono# # BuBu"li"lii%i%"ti"tion on on on //i%/i%/ e%ono)i% p#o*isions o t/e eCisting "g#ee)ent "#e to #et"in its o#%e e%ono)i% p#o*isions o t/e eCisting "g#ee)ent "#e to #et"in its o#%e "n& ee%t. /e#eo#e, it )ust be un&e#stoo& "s en%o)p"ssing "ll t/e "n& ee%t. /e#eo#e, it )ust be un&e#stoo& "s en%o)p"ssing "ll t/e te#)s "n& %on&itions in t/e s"i& "g#ee)ent.
te#)s "n& %on&itions in t/e s"i& "g#ee)ent. /e !A &u#ing its lieti)e bin&s "ll t/e
/e !A &u#ing its lieti)e bin&s "ll t/e p"#ties. /e p#o*isions o t/ep"#ties. /e p#o*isions o t/e !A )ust be #espe%te& sin%e its te#)s "n& %on&itions E%onstitute t/e !A )ust be #espe%te& sin%e its te#)s "n& %on&itions E%onstitute t/e l" beteen t/e p"#ties.E
---CASE 09+
CASE 09+ Mactan Wo"&e"s ,nion Mactan Wo"&e"s ,nion v. v. A-oitiA-oiti GR N3.> 8RA N3. L-@0241
GR N3.> 8RA N3. L-@0241 D"te June @0, 172
D"te June @0, 172
Digest by: Ann" !e"t#i%e 8."##os" Digest by: Ann" !e"t#i%e 8."##os" ---/etitione"
/etitione": : +"%t"n ;o#+"%t"n ;o#e#s nion e#s nion An& o)An& o)"s "s e##e#, As $#esi&ente##e#, As $#esi&ent /e#eo
/e#eo )espon%ent:
)espon%ent: D3N RA+3N A!3F, $#esi&ent, ebu 8/ipy"#& D3N RA+3N A!3F, $#esi&ent, ebu 8/ipy"#& =nginee#ing ;o#s, n%.? =DD= L+, "s #e"su#e#? J=88 DAG3, =nginee#ing ;o#s, n%.? =DD= L+, "s #e"su#e#? J=88 DAG3, 8upe#inten&ent o t/e "o#es"i& %o#po#"tion? ;LR=D3 RAH, "s 8upe#inten&ent o t/e "o#es"i& %o#po#"tion? ;LR=D3 RAH, "s Resi&ent +"n"ge# o t/e
Resi&ent +"n"ge# o t/e 8/ipy"#& =nginee#ing ;o8/ipy"#& =nginee#ing ;o#s, n%.? #s, n%.? "n& t/e"n& t/e =! 8I$HARD =NGN==RNG ;3R8, N., =! 8I$HARD =NGN==RNG ;3R8, N., &een&"nts-"ppellees? A883A3N LA!3R N3N, inte#*eno#-"ppell"nt. "ppellees? A883A3N LA!3R N3N, inte#*eno#-"ppell"nt. /onente:
/onente:=RNAND3, J=RNAND3, J Topic:
Topic: D. /e olle%ti*e !"#g"ining Ag#ee)ent D. /e olle%ti*e !"#g"ining Ag#ee)ent !enei%i"#ies
!enei%i"#ies FACTS: FACTS:
1. Deen&"nt ebu 8/ipy"#& =nginee#ing ;o#s, n%. is e)ploying 1. Deen&"nt ebu 8/ipy"#& =nginee#ing ;o#s, n%. is e)ploying l"bo#e#s "n& e)ployees belonging to to #i*"l l"bo# unions. l"bo#e#s "n& e)ployees belonging to to #i*"l l"bo# unions. 8e*enty-to o
to o t/et/ese se e)e)ploployeyees es o# o# l"bl"bo#eo#e#s #s /o/ose se n"n")e)es s "p"ppepe"# "# in in t/et/e %o)pl"int "#e "ili"te& it/ t/e
%o)pl"int "#e "ili"te& it/ t/e +"%t"n ;o+"%t"n ;o#e#s nion /ile t/e #e#s nion /ile t/e #est#est "#e )e)be#s o
"#e )e)be#s o t/e inte#*eno# Asso%i"tet/e inte#*eno# Asso%i"te& L"bo# & L"bo# nion. /e &een&"ntnion. /e &een&"nt ebu 8/ipy"#& =nginee#ing ;o#s, n%. "n& t/e Asso%i"te& L"bo# ebu 8/ipy"#& =nginee#ing ;o#s, n%. "n& t/e Asso%i"te& L"bo# nion ente#e& into " Kolle%ti*e !"#g"ining Ag#ee)entK ... t/e pe#tinent nion ente#e& into " Kolle%ti*e !"#g"ining Ag#ee)entK ... t/e pe#tinent p"#t
p"#t o o /i%/, "g#ees /i%/, "g#ees to to gi*e " gi*e " p#oit-s/"#inp#oit-s/"#ing g bonus to bonus to its its e)ploye)ployeesees "n& l"bo#e#s to be t"en #o) ten pe# %ent 10 o its net p#oits o# "n& l"bo#e#s to be t"en #o) ten pe# %ent 10 o its net p#oits o# net in%o)e &e#i*e& #o) t/e &i#e%t ope#"tion o its s/ipy"#& "n& s/op net in%o)e &e#i*e& #o) t/e &i#e%t ope#"tion o its s/ipy"#& "n& s/op in L"pul"pu ity "n& "te# &e&u%ting t/e in%o)e t"C "n& t/e bonus in L"pul"pu ity "n& "te# &e&u%ting t/e in%o)e t"C "n& t/e bonus "nnu"lly gi*en to its Gene#"l +"n"ge# "n& t/e 8upe#inten&ent "n& t/e "nnu"lly gi*en to its Gene#"l +"n"ge# "n& t/e 8upe#inten&ent "n& t/e )e)be#s o t/e !o"#& o Di#e%to#s "n& 8e%#et"#y o t/e o#po#"tion, )e)be#s o t/e !o"#& o Di#e%to#s "n& 8e%#et"#y o t/e o#po#"tion, to
to be p"y"blbe p"y"ble e in to in to 2 inst"ll)2 inst"ll)entsents, , t/e i#st t/e i#st instinst"ll)"ll)ent beingent being p"y"ble in +"#%/ "n& t/e se%on& inst"ll)ent in June,
p"y"ble in +"#%/ "n& t/e se%on& inst"ll)ent in June, e"%/ ye"# out o e"%/ ye"# out o
t/e p#oits in "g#ee)ent. n t/e %o)put"tion o s"i& ten pe# %ent 10 t/e p#oits in "g#ee)ent. n t/e %o)put"tion o s"i& ten pe# %ent 10 to Mbe &ist#ibute& "s "
to Mbe &ist#ibute& "s " bonus ")ong t/e e)ploybonus ")ong t/e e)ployees "n& l"bo#e#s o t/eees "n& l"bo#e#s o t/e Mo)p"ny in p#opo#tion to t/ei# s"l"#ies o# "ges, only t/e in%o)e Mo)p"ny in p#opo#tion to t/ei# s"l"#ies o# "ges, only t/e in%o)e &e#i*e& by t/e Mo)p"ny #o) t/e &i#e%t ope#"tion o
&e#i*e& by t/e Mo)p"ny #o) t/e &i#e%t ope#"tion o its s/ipy"#& "n&its s/ipy"#& "n& s/op in L"pul"pu ity, "s st"te& /e#ein-"bo*e-%o))en%ing #o) t/e s/op in L"pul"pu ity, "s st"te& /e#ein-"bo*e-%o))en%ing #o) t/e e"#nings &u#ing t/e ye"# 164, s/"ll be in%lu&e&. 8"i& p#oit-s/"#ing e"#nings &u#ing t/e ye"# 164, s/"ll be in%lu&e&. 8"i& p#oit-s/"#ing bonus s/"ll be p"i& by t/e Mo)p"ny to MAsso%i"te& L"bo# nion to bonus s/"ll be p"i& by t/e Mo)p"ny to MAsso%i"te& L"bo# nion to be &eli*e#e& by t/e l"tte# to t/e e)ploy
be &eli*e#e& by t/e l"tte# to t/e e)ployees "n& l"bo#e#s %on%e#neees "n& l"bo#e#s %on%e#ne& "n&& "n& it s/"ll be t/e &uty o t/e Asso%i"te& L"bo# nion to u#nis/ "n& it s/"ll be t/e &uty o t/e Asso%i"te& L"bo# nion to u#nis/ "n& &eli*e# to t/e Mo)p"ny t/e %o##espon&ing #e%eipts &uly signe& by t/e &eli*e# to t/e Mo)p"ny t/e %o##espon&ing #e%eipts &uly signe& by t/e l"bo#e#s "n& e)ployees entitle& to #e%ei*e t/e p#oit-s/"#ing bonus l"bo#e#s "n& e)ployees entitle& to #e%ei*e t/e p#oit-s/"#ing bonus it/in " pe#io& o siCty 60 &"ys #o) t/e &"te o #e%eipt by Mit #o) it/in " pe#io& o siCty 60 &"ys #o) t/e &"te o #e%eipt by Mit #o) t/e Mo)p"ny o t/e p#oit-s/"#ing bonus
t/e Mo)p"ny o t/e p#oit-s/"#ing bonus
2.n %o)pli"n%e it/ t/e s"i& !A 165 t/e &een&"nt ebu 8/ipy"#& 2.n %o)pli"n%e it/ t/e s"i& !A 165 t/e &een&"nt ebu 8/ipy"#& =nginee#ing ;o#s, n%. &eli*e#e& to t/e AL o# &ist#ibution to t/e =nginee#ing ;o#s, n%. &eli*e#e& to t/e AL o# &ist#ibution to t/e l"bo#e#s o# e)ployees o#ing it/ t/e &een&"nt %o#po#"tion to t/e l"bo#e#s o# e)ployees o#ing it/ t/e &een&"nt %o#po#"tion to t/e p#oit-s/"#in
p#oit-s/"#ing bonus %o##espon&ing to t/e i#st inst"ll)ent o# t/e g bonus %o##espon&ing to t/e i#st inst"ll)ent o# t/e ye"# ye"# 165. Ag"in in June 165 t/e &een&"nt %o#po#"tion &eli*e#e& to t/e 165. Ag"in in June 165 t/e &een&"nt %o#po#"tion &eli*e#e& to t/e AL
AL in in t/e t/e p#op#oitit-s/-s/"#i"#ing ng bobonunus s %o%o##e##espospon&n&ing ing to to t/e t/e se%se%on&on& inst"ll)ent o# 165.
inst"ll)ent o# 165. T'e e-e"s of t'e Mactan Wo"&e"s ,nionT'e e-e"s of t'e Mactan Wo"&e"s ,nion faile% to "eceive t'ei" s'a"es in t'e secon% installent of -onus faile% to "eceive t'ei" s'a"es in t'e secon% installent of -onus -ecause t'ey %i% not li&e to $o to t'e office of t'e A, to collect -ecause t'ey %i% not li&e to $o to t'e office of t'e A, to collect t'ei" s'a"es
t'ei" s'a"es. n . n "%%o#&"n"%%o#&"n%e it/ t/e %e it/ t/e te#)s o t/e te#)s o t/e %olle%ti*e b"#g"i%olle%ti*e b"#g"iningning "te# 60 &"ys, t/e
"te# 60 &"ys, t/e uncollecte% s'a"es of t'e plaintiff union e-e"suncollecte% s'a"es of t'e plaintiff union e-e"s !as "etu"ne% -y t'e A, to t'e %efen%ant co"po"ation.
!as "etu"ne% -y t'e A, to t'e %efen%ant co"po"ation. At t/e At t/e s")e ti)e t/e &een&"nt %o#po#"tion "s "&*ise& by t/e AL not to s")e ti)e t/e &een&"nt %o#po#"tion "s "&*ise& by t/e AL not to &eli*e# t/e s"i& ")ount to t/e )e)be#s o t/e +"%t"n ;o#e#s nion &eli*e# t/e s"i& ")ount to t/e )e)be#s o t/e +"%t"n ;o#e#s nion unless o#&e#e& by t/e ou#t, ot/e#ise t/e AL ill t"e su%/ step to unless o#&e#e& by t/e ou#t, ot/e#ise t/e AL ill t"e su%/ step to p#ote%t t/e inte#est o its
p#ote%t t/e inte#est o its )e)be#s)e)be#s. !e%"use t/is . !e%"use t/is "#ning gi*en by t/e"#ning gi*en by t/e inte#*eno
inte#*eno# union t/e # union t/e &een&"n&een&"nt %o#po#"tion &i& not t %o#po#"tion &i& not p"y to t/e p"y to t/e pl"intispl"intis t/e su) o $4,[email protected] /i%/ "s #etu#ne& by t/e Asso%i"te& L"bo# t/e su) o $4,[email protected] /i%/ "s #etu#ne& by t/e Asso%i"te& L"bo# n
nionion, , bubut t insinste"te"&, &, &ep&eposiosite& te& t/e t/e s"is"i& & ")")ouount nt itit/ / t/e t/e L"bL"bo# o# A&)inist#"
A&)inist#"to#. o# t/e #e%o*e#y o t/is to#. o# t/e #e%o*e#y o t/is ")ount t/is %"se "s ile& ")ount t/is %"se "s ile& it/it/ t/e loe# %ou#t.
t/e loe# %ou#t.
- o#&e#ing t/e &een&"nts to &eli*e# to
- o#&e#ing t/e &een&"nts to &eli*e# to t/e Asso%i"tt/e Asso%i"te& L"bo# nione& L"bo# nion t/e su)
t/e su) o o $4,$4,0@[email protected] 2 oo# # &is&ist#it#ibubutiotion n to to t/t/e e e)e)ploployeyees es o o t/et/e &ee
nion? "n& o#&e#ing t/e inte#*eno# Asso%i"te& L"bo# nion, i))e&i"tely "te# #e%eipt o t/e s"i& ")ount, to p"y t/e )e)be#s o t/e +"%t"n ;o#e#s nion t/ei# %o##espon&ing s/"#es in t/e p#oit-s/"#ing bonus o# t/e se%on& inst"ll)ents o# t/e ye"# 165.E 2
ISS,E3S:
1. ;3N t/e AL "s t/e b"#g"ining "gent #ep#esents t/e /ole b"#g"ining unit o# <ust it )e)be#s
),IN4: ;/ole b"#g"ining unit. /e te#)s "n& %on&itions o " %olle%ti*e b"#g"ining %ont#"%t %onstitute t/e l" beteen t/e p"#ties. /ose /o "#e entitle& to its beneits %"n in*oe its p#o*isions. n t/e e*ent t/"t "n oblig"tion t/e#ein i)pose& is not ulille&, t/e "gg#ie*e& p"#ty /"s t/e #ig/t to go to %ou#t o# #e&#ess. No# &oes it sui%e "s "
&eense t/"t t/e %l"i) is )"&e on be/"l o non-)e)be#s o inte#*eno# Asso%i"te& L"bo# nion, o# it is " ell-settle& &o%t#ine t/"t t/e beneits o " %olle%ti*e b"#g"ining "g#ee)ent eCten& to t/e l"bo#e#s "n& e)ployees in t/e %olle%ti*e b"#g"ining unit, in%lu&ing t/ose /o &o not belong to t/e %/osen b"#g"ining l"bo# o#g"ni"tion. Any ot/e# *ie oul& be " &is%#i)in"tion on /i%/ t/e l" #ons. t is "pp#op#i"te t/"t su%/ s/oul& be t/e %"se. t/e #ig/t to be t/e eC%lusi*e #ep#esent"ti*e o "ll t/e e)ployees in "n "pp#op#i"te %olle%ti*e b"#g"ining unit is *este& in t/e l"bo# union K&esign"te& o# sele%te&K o#
su%/ pu#pose Kby t/e )"<o#ity o t/e e)ployeesK in t/e unit %on%e#ne&.E 9 it e#e ot/e#ise, t/e /ig/ly s"luto#y pu#pose "n&
ob<e%ti*e o t/e %olle%ti*e b"#g"ining s%/e)e to en"ble l"bo# to se%u#e bette# te#)s in e)ploy)ent %on&ition "s ell "s #"tes o p"y oul& be #ust#"te& inso"# "s non-)e)be#s "#e %on%e#ne&, &ep#i*e& "s t/ey "#e o p"#ti%ip"tion in /"te*e# "&*"nt"ges %oul& t/e#eby be g"ine&. /e l"bo# union t/"t gets t/e )"<o#ity *ote "s t/e eC%lusi*e b"#g"ining #ep#esent"ti*e &oes not "%t o# its )e)be#s "lone. t #ep#esents "ll t/e e)ployees in su%/ " b"#g"ining unit. t is not to be in&ulge& in "ny "tte)pt on its p"#t to &is#eg"#& t/e #ig/ts o non-)e)be#s. Het t/"t is /"t inte#*eno# l"bo# union "s guilty o, #esulting in t/e %o)pl"int ile& on be/"l o t/e l"bo#e#s, /o e#e in t/e #"ns o pl"inti +"%t"n L"bo# nion.
*IS/OSITI5E: n "*o# o $etitione#. /e &e%ision o t/e loe# %ou#t o eb#u"#y 22, 169 is "i#)e&. osts "g"inst Asso%i"te& L"bo#
nion.
*OCT)INE: /e l"bo# union /o on "s sole b"#g"ining "gent o t/e e)ployees &oes not "%t o# its )e)be#s "lone. t #ep#esents "ll t/e e)ployees in su%/ " b"#g"ining unit. u#t/e#)o#e, /"t is entitle& to p#ote%tion is l"bo#, not t/e l"bo# o#g"ni"tion. /e l"tte# "#e )e#ely
inst#u)ent"lities t/#oug/ /i%/ t/ei# el"#e )"y be p#o)ote& "n& oste#e&.
---096 No"&is F"ee an% In%epen%ent Wo"&e"s ,nion v. No"&is T"a%in$ Co. 4.). No. 127098 une 60# +002 Digeste& by: "#l Au ---/etitione": N3R8 R== AND ND=$=ND=N ;3R=R8 N3N
)espon%ents: N3R8 RADNG 3+$ANH
/onente: $ANGAN!AN, J. FACTS:
1. 3n J"nu"#y 27, 19, " +e)o#"n&u) o Ag#ee)ent "s o#ge& beteen t/e p"#ties /e#ein No#is #"&ing o#p s/"ll g#"nt " s"l"#y in%#e"se to "ll #egul"# "n& pe#)"nent e)ployees "s ollos:
". en pesos pe# &"y in%#e"se ee%ti*e August 1, 17? b. en pesos pe# &"y in%#e"se ee%ti*e August 1, 19. 3n
+"#%/ 10, 19
2. /e R;$! o Region issue& ;"ge 3#&e# R3-06 /i%/ est"blis/e& t/e )ini)u) "ge o $165.00, by )"n&"ting " "ge in%#e"se o i*e $5.00 pesos pe# &"y beginning Ap#il 1, 19, t/e#eby #"ising t/e &"ily )ini)u) "ge to $160.00 "n& "not/e# in%#e"se o i*e $5.00 pesos pe# &"y beginning 3%tobe# 1, 19, t/e#eby #"ising t/e &"ily )ini)u) "ge to $165.00 pe# &"y.
@. n "%%o#&"n%e it/ t/e ;"ge 3#&e# "n& 8e%tion 2, A#ti%le O o t/e !A, petitione# &e)"n&e& "n "%#oss-t/e-bo"#& in%#e"se. 4. Respon&ent, /oe*e#, #euse& to i)ple)ent t/e ;"ge 3#&e#,
insisting t/"t sin%e it /"s been p"ying its o#e#s t/e ne )ini)u) "ge o $165.00 e*en beo#e t/e issu"n%e o t/e ;"ge 3#&e#, it %"nnot be )"&e to %o)ply it/ s"i& ;"ge 3#&e#.
ISS,E: ;/et/e# #espon&ent *iol"te& t/e !A in its #eus"l to g#"nt its e)ployees "n "%#oss-t/e-bo"#& in%#e"se "s " #esult o t/e p"ss"ge o ;"ge 3#&e# No. R3-06P
E*: No. /e e)ployees "#e not entitle& to t/e %l"i)e& s"l"#y in%#e"se, si)ply be%"use t/ey "#e not it/in t/e %o*e#"ge o t/e ;"ge 3#&e#, "s t/ey e#e "l#e"&y #e%ei*ing s"l"#ies g#e"te# t/"n t/e )ini)u) iCe& by t/e 3#&e#.
;e %"nnot sust"in petitione#, e*en i e "ssu)e t/"t its %ontention is #ig/t "n& t/"t t/e i)ple)ent"tion o "ny go*e#n)ent-&e%#ee& in%#e"se un&e# t/e !A is "bsolute.
/e !A is no o#&in"#y %ont#"%t, but one i)p#esse& it/ publi% inte#est. /e#eo#e, it is sub<e%t to spe%i"l o#&e#s on "ges, su%/ "s t/ose issue& by t/e R;$!. t/e i)ple)ent"tion o " "ge in%#e"se o# #espon&ents e)ployees s/oul& be %ont#olle& by t/e stipul"tions o ;"ge 3#&e# No. R3-06.
on%e&e&ly, t/e#e is "n in%#e"se ne%ess"#ily #esulting #o) #"ising t/e )ini)u) "ge le*el, but not "%#oss-t/e-bo"#&. n&ee&, " Q&ouble bu#&en %"nnot be i)pose& upon "n e)ploye# eC%ept by %le"# p#o*ision o l". t oul& be un<ust, t/e#eo#e, to inte#p#et ;"ge 3#&e# No. R3-06 to )e"n t/"t #espon&ent s/oul& g#"nt "n "%#oss-t/e- bo"#& in%#e"se. 8u%/ inte#p#et"tion o t/e 3#&e# is not sust"ine& by its
teCt
*OCT)INE: /e !A is no o#&in"#y %ont#"%t, but one i)p#esse& it/ publi% inte#est. /e#eo#e, it is sub<e%t to spe%i"l o#&e#s on "ges, su%/ "s t/ose issue& by t/e R;$!
*IS/OSITI5E: ;I=R=3R=, t/e $etition is D=N=D, "n& t/e "ss"ile& De%ision "n& Resolution AR+=D. osts "g"inst petitione#.
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;; CASE 09< ,nive"sity of San A$ustin vs. ,nive"sity of San A$ustin Eployees ,nion;FFW
G.R. No. 17754 S July 2@, 200 Digest by: "yelyn L"t
---/etitione":ni*e#sity o 8"n Agustin, n%.
)espon%ent: ni*e#sity o 8"n Agustin =)ployees nion-; /onente: '. arpio%)orales
Topic:/e !A ' nte#p#et"tion, A&)inist#"tion "n& =no#%e)ent
FACTS:
1. July 27, 2000, petitione# o#ge& it/ t/e ni*e#sity o 8"n Agustin =)ployees nion-; #espon&ent " olle%ti*e !"#g"ining Ag#ee)ent !A ee%ti*e o# i*e 5 ye"#s o# #o) July, 2000 to July, 2005.
2. A)ong ot/e# t/ings, t/e p"#ties "g#ee& to in%lu&e " p#o*ision on s"l"#y in%#e"ses b"se& on t/e in%#e)ent"l tuition ee in%#e"ses o# tuition in%#e)ent"l p#o%ee&s $ "n& pu#su"nt to Republi% A%t No. 6729, /e uition ee L".
@. t "ppe"#s t/"t o# t/e 8%/ool He"# 20012002, t/e p"#ties &is"g#ee& on t/e %o)put"tion o t/e s"l"#y in%#e"ses.
4. Respon&ent:
-
#euse& to "%%ept petitione#s p#opose& "%#oss-t/e-bo"#&s"l"#y in%#e"se o $1, 500 pe# )ont/ "n& its subt#"%tion #o) t/e %o)put"tion o t/e $ o t/e s%/ol"#s/ips "n& tuition ee &is%ounts it g#"nts to &ese#*ing stu&ents "n& its e)ployees "n& t/ei# &epen&ents
-
lieise #e<e%te& petitione#s inte#p#et"tion o t/e te#)Qs"l"#y in%#e"ses "s #ee##ing not only to t/e in%#e"se in s"l"#y but "lso to %o##espon&ing in%#e"ses in ot/e# beneits
-
t/e p#o*ision in Buestion #ee##e& to Qs"l"#y in%#e"ses"lone, /en%e, t/e p/#"se Q$1, 500 o# 90 o t/e $, /i%/e*e# is /ig/e#, s/oul& "pply only to s"l"#y in%#e"ses
"n& s/oul& not in%lu&e ot/e# in%#e"ses in beneits #e%ei*e& by e)ployees
5. #eso#t to t/e eCisting g#ie*"n%e )"%/ine#y /"*ing "ile&, t/e p"#ties "g#ee& to sub)it t/e %"se to *olunt"#y "#bit#"tion. 6. A A##iol" o D3L=-N+! in "*o# o #espon&ent:
-
/e s"l"#y in%#e"ses s/"ll be p"i& out o 90 o t/e $s/oul& t/e s")e be /ig/e# t/"n $1, 500
-
/e eCisting !A is t/e l" beteen t/e p"#ties, "n& "s itis not %ont#"#y to l", )o#"ls "n& publi% poli%y "n& it /"*ing been s/on t/"t t/e p"#ties ente#e& into it *olunt"#ily, it s/oul& be #espe%te&.
-
As to petitione#s &e&u%tion o s%/ol"#s/ip g#"nts "n&tuition ee &is%ounts #o) t/e $, it is in*"li&, petitione# /"*ing "i*e& t/e %olle%tion t/e#eo /en it g#"nte& t/e s")e ' " "i*e# /i%/ its e)ployees /"& not/ing to &o it/ ' "n& t/e e)ployees s/oul& not be )"&e to be"# o# sue# #o) t/e bu#&en
7. $etitione# ile& +R? &enie& 9. t "ppe"le& to A
. A:
-
t/e Buestione& !A p#o*ision is %le"# "n& un")biguous,/en%e, it s/oul& be inte#p#ete& lite#"lly to )e"n t/"t 90 o t/e $ o# $1,500, /i%/e*e# is /ig/e#, is to be "llotte& o# t/e e)ployees s"l"#y in%#e"ses
-
by its *e#y n"tu#e, t/e $ eC%lu&es "ny su) /i%/petitione# &i& not obt"in o# #e"lie, /en%e, it is only "i# t/"t t/e s")e be &e&u%te&.
-
/e "ppell"te %ou#t note&, /oe*e#, t/"t "s to s%/ol"#s/ipg#"nts "n& tuition ee &is%ounts /i%/ "#e ully o# p"#tly subsi&ie& by t/e go*e#n)ent o# p#i*"te institutions "n& in&i*i&u"ls, petitione# s/oul& in%lu&e t/e) in t/e $ %o)put"tion.
10. $etitione#s +otion o# $"#ti"l Re%onsi&e#"tion o t/e As &e%ision on t/e inte#p#et"tion o t/e !A p#o*ision, "s ell "s
#espon&ents +R o t/e &e%ision on %o)put"tion o t/e $, "s &enie&.
11. Ien%e, t/e p#esent petition.
$etitione#:
-
lie t/e A, t/e "ppell"te %ou#t e##e& in inte#p#eting t/eBuestione& p#o*ision o t/e "bo*eBuote& 8e%. @, A#t. o t/e !A, sin%e 8e%. 52 o R.A. 6729 only )"n&"tes t/"t 70 o t/e $ o "%"&e)i% institutions is to be set "si&e o# e)ployees s"l"#ies, "llo"n%es "n& ot/e# beneits, /ile "t le"st 20 t/e#eo is to go to t/e i)p#o*e)ent, )o&e#ni"tion o buil&ings, eBuip)ent, lib#"#ies "n& ot/e# s%/ool "%ilities.
-
t/e inte#p#et"tion o t/e p#o*ision t/"t 90 o t/e $ s/oul&go to s"l"#y in%#e"ses "lone, to t/e eC%lusion o ot/e# beneits, is %ont#"#y to R.A. 6729
Respon&ent:
-
petitione# ne*e# %l"i)e& t/"t its %onsent to t/e !A "s*iti"te& it/ #"u&, )ist"e o# inti)i&"tion, "n& t/"t petitione# /"s "l"ys been ""#e o t/e p#o*isions o R.A. 6729 "n& "s e*en "ssiste& by its "%%ount"nts, inte#n"l "n& eCte#n"l leg"l %ounsels &u#ing t/e !A negoti"tions, /en%e, it %"n not no #enege on its %o))it)ent un&e# 8e%. @. A#t. o t/e !A. ISS,E: W'et'e" o" not t'e C(A p"ovision only applies to sala"y inc"eases
E*: =ES )ATIO:
t is " ")ili"# "n& un&")ent"l &o%t#ine in l"bo# l" t/"t t/e !A is t/e l" beteen t/e p"#ties "n& t/ey "#e oblige& to %o)ply it/ its p#o*isions. t/e te#)s o " %ont#"%t, in t/is %"se t/e !A, "#e %le"#
"n& le"*e no &oubt upon t/e intention o t/e %ont#"%ting p"#ties, t/e lite#"l )e"ning o t/ei# stipul"tions s/"ll %ont#ol.
A #e"&ing o t/e "bo*eBuote& p#o*ision o t/e !A s/os t/"t t/e p"#ties "g#ee& t/"t 90 o t/e $ o# "t t/e le"st t/e ")ount o $1,500
is to be "llo%"te& o# in&i*i&u"l s"l"#y in%#e"ses.
/e !A &oes not spe" o "ny ot/e# beneits o# in%#e"ses /i%/ oul& be %o*e#e& by t/e e)ployees s/"#e in t/e $, eC%ept s"l"#y in%#e"ses. /e !A #ele%ts t/e in%o#po#"tion o &ie#ent p#o*isions to %o*e# ot/e# beneits su%/ "s /#ist)"s bonus A#t. , 8e%. 1, se#*i%e ""#& A#t. , 8e%. 5, le"*es A#ti%le O, e&u%"tion"l beneits 8e%. 2, A#t. O, )e&i%"l "n& /ospit"li"tion beneits 8e%s. @, 4 "n& 5, A#t. 10, be#e"*e)ent "ssist"n%e 8e%. 6, A#t. O, "n& signing bonus 8e%. 9, A#t. , it/out )entioning t/"t t/ese ill lieise be sou#%e& #o) t/e $. /us, petitione#s bel"te& %l"i) t/"t t/e 90
$ s/oul& be t"en to )e"n "s %o*e#ing ALL in%#e"ses "n& not )e#ely t/e s"l"#y in%#e"ses "s %"tego#i%"lly st"te& in 8e%. @, A#t. o t/e !A &oes not lie.
n t/e p#esent %"se, petitione# %oul& /"*e, &u#ing t/e
!A negoti"tions, oppose& t/e in%lusion o o# #enegoti"te& t/e p#o*ision "llotting 90 o t/e $ to s"l"#y in%#e"ses "lone, "s it "s "n& is not un&e# "ny oblig"tion to "%%ept #espon&ents &e)"n&s /oo, line "n& sine#.
/e #e%o#&s "#e t/us be#et o "ny s/oing t/"t petitione# /"& )"&e it %le"# &u#ing t/e !A negoti"tions t/"t it inten&e& to sou#%e not only t/e s"l"#y in%#e"ses but "lso t/e in%#e"ses in ot/e# e)ployee beneits #o) t/e 90 o t/e $. Absent "ny p#oo t/"t petitione#s %onsent "s *iti"te& by #"u&, )ist"e o# &u#ess, it is p#esu)e& t/"t it ente#e& into t/e !A *olunt"#ily, /"& ull nole&ge o t/e %ontents t/e#eo, "n& "s ""#e o its %o))it)ents un&e# t/e %ont#"%t.
*IS/OSITI5E /O)TION: $etitione# ;3N.
*OCT)INE:t is " ")ili"# "n& un&")ent"l &o%t#ine in l"bo# l" t/"t t/e !A is t/e l" beteen t/e p"#ties "n& t/ey "#e oblige& to %o)ply it/ its p#o*isions. t/e te#)s o " %ont#"%t, in t/is %"se t/e !A, "#e %le"# "n& le"*e no &oubt upon t/e intention o t/e
%ont#"%ting p"#ties, t/e lite#"l )e"ning o t/ei# stipul"tions s/"ll %ont#ol.
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;; CASE 092 /ant"anco No"t' E>p"ess# Inc. v. N)C GR No. 540
D"te: July 24, 16 Digest by: Jen !"l)eo
---$etitione#: $"nt#"n%o No#t/ =Cp#ess
Respon&ent: NLR "n& 8uig" $onente: J. $"ng"nib"n
opi%: nte#p#et"tion, A&)inist#"tion "n& =no#%e)ent n"tu#e. Facts:
$#i*"te #espon&ent "s /i#e& by petitione# in 164 "s " bus %on&u%to#. Ie e*entu"lly <oine& t/e $"nt#"n%o =)ployees Asso%i"tion-$G;3. Ie %ontinue& in petitione#Ks e)ploy until August 12, 19, /en /e "s #eti#e& "t t/e "ge o ity-to 52 "te# /"*ing #en&e#e& tenty i*e ye"#sK se#*i%e. /e b"sis o /is #eti#e)ent "s t/e %o)pulso#y #eti#e)ent p#o*ision o t/e %olle%ti*e b"#g"ining "g#ee)ent beteen t/e petitione# "n& t/e "o#en")e& union.
3n eb#u"#y 10, p#i*"te #espon&ent ile& " %o)pl"int o# illeg"l &is)iss"l "g"inst petitione# it/ NLR.
/e %o)pl"int "s %onsoli&"te& it/ to ot/e# %"ses o illeg"l &is)iss"l /"*ing si)il"# "%ts "n& issues, ile& by ot/e# e)ployees, non-union )e)be#s.
Issue: WON t'e C(A stipulation on copulso"y "eti"eent afte" t!enty;five yea"s of se"vice is le$al an% enfo"cea-le.
el%: T'e C(A stipulation is le$al an% enfo"cea-le.
/e bone o %ontention in t/is %"se is t/e p#o*ision on %o)pulso#y #eti #e)ent "te# 25ye"#s o se#*i%e.
A#ti%le O, 8e%tion 1 e 5 o t/e +"y 2, 19 olle%ti*e !"#g"ining Ag#ee)ent 9beteen petitione# %o)p"ny "n& t/e union st"tes:
8e%tion 1. /e 3+$ANH s/"ll o#)ul"te " #eti#e)ent pl"n it/ t/e olloing )"in e"tu#es:
e /e 3+$ANH "g#ees to g#"nt t/e #eti#e)ent beneits /e#ein p#o*i&e& to #egul"# e)ployees /o )"y be sep"#"te& #o) t/e
3+$ANH o# "ny o t/e olloing #e"sons:
5 pon #e"%/ing t/e "ge o siCty 60 ye"#s o# upon %o)pleting tenty-i*e 25 ye"#s o se#*i%e to t/e 3+$ANH, /i%/e*e# %o)es i#st, "n& t/e e)ployee s/"ll be %o)pulso#y #eti#e& "n& p"i& t/e #eti#e)ent beneits /e#ein p#o*i&e&.E
/e s"i& o&e p#o*i&es: A#t. 297. Reti#e)ent . T Any e)ployee )"y be #eti#e& upon #e"%/ing t/e #eti#e)ent "ge est"blis/e& in t/e olle%ti*e !"#g"ining Ag#ee)ent o# ot/e# "ppli%"ble e)ploy)ent %ont#"%t. n %"se o #eti#e)ent, t/e e)ployee s/"ll be entitle& to #e%ei*e su%/ #eti#e)ent beneits "s /e )"y /"*e e"#ne& un&e# eCisting l"s "n& "ny %olle%ti*e b"#g"ining o# ot/e# "g#ee)ent.E
/e ou#t "g#ees it/ petitione# "n& t/e 8oli%ito# Gene#"l. A#t. 297 o t/e L"bo# o&e "s o#&e& pe#)its e)ploye#s "n& e)ployees to iC t/e "ppli%"ble #eti#e)ent "ge "t belo60 ye"#s. +o#eo*e#, p#o*i&ing o# e"#ly #eti#e)ent &oes not %onstitute &i)inution o beneits. n "l)ost "ll %ount#ies to&"y, e"#ly #eti#e)ent, i.e., beo#e " ge 60, is%onsi&e#e& " #e"#& o# se#*i%es #en&e#e& sin%e it en"bles "n e)ployee to #e"p t/e #uits o /is l"bo# T p"#ti%ul"#ly #eti#e)ent beneits, /et/e# lu)p-su) o# ot/e#ise T "t "n e"#lie# "ge, /en s"i& e)ployee, in p#esu)"bly bette# p/ysi%"l "n& )ent"l %on&ition, %"n en<oy t/e) bette# "n& longe#.
As " )"tte# o "%t, one o t/e "&*"nt"ges o e"#ly #eti#e)ent is t/"t t/e %o##espon&ing #eti#e)ent beneits, usu"lly %onsisting o " subst"nti"l %"s/ in&"ll, %"n e"#ly on be put to p#o&u%ti*e "n& p#oit"ble uses by "y o in%o)e-gene#"ting in*est)ents, t/e#eby "o#&ing " )o#e signii%"nt )e"su#e o in"n%i"l se%u#ity "n& in&epen&en%e o# t/e #eti#ee /o, up till t/en, /"& to %onten& it/ lieKs *i%issitu&es it/in
t/e p"#")ete#s o /is o#tnig/tly o# eely "ges. /us e "#e no seeing )"ny !As it/ su%/ e"#ly #eti#e)ent p#o*isions. An& t/e s")e %"nnot be %onsi&e#e& " &i)inution o e)ploy)ent beneits. !eing " p#o&u%t o negoti"tion, t/e !A beteen t/e petitione# "n& t/e
union inten&e& t/e p#o*ision
on %o)pulso#y #eti#e)ent to be benei%i"l to t/e e)ployees-union )e)be#s, in%lu&ing /e#ein p#i*"te #espon&ent. ;/en p#i*"te #espon&ent #"tiie& t/e !A it/ t/e union, /e not only "g#ee& to t/e !A but "lso "g#ee& to %ono#) to "n& "bi&e by its p#o*isions. /us, it %"nnot be s"i& t/"t /e "s illeg"lly &is)isse& /en t/e !A p#o*ision on %o)pulso#y #eti#e)ent "s "pplie& to /is %"se.
n%i&ent"lly, e %"ll "ttention to Republi% A%t No. 7641, non "s E/e Reti#e)ent $"y L"E, /i%/ ent into ee%t on J"nu"#y 7, 1@. Alt/oug/ p"sse& )"ny ye"#s "te# t/e %o)pulso#y #eti#e)ent o /e#ein
p#i*"te #espon&ent, ne*e#t/eless, t/e s"i& 8t"tute s/e&s lig/t on t/e p#esent &is%ussion /en it ")en&e&
A#t. 297 o t/e L"bo# o&e, to )"e it #e"& "s ollos: Reti#e)ent . T Any e)ployee )"y be #eti#e& upon #e"%/ing t/e #eti#e)ent "ge est"blis/ in t/e %olle%ti*e b"#g"ining "g#ee)ent o# ot/e# "ppli%"ble e)ploy)ent %ont#"%t. n t/e "bsen%e o " #eti#e)ent pl"n o# "g#ee)ent p#o*i&ing o# #eti#e)ent beneits o e)ployees in t/e est"blis/)ent, "n e)ployee upon #e"%/ing t/e "ge o siCty 60 ye"#s o# )o#e, but not beyon& siCty-i*e 65 ye"#s /i%/ is /e#eby &e%l"#e& t/e %o)pulso#y
#eti#e)ent "ge, /o /"s se#*e& "t le"st i*e 5 ye"#s in t/e s"i& est"blis/)ent )"y #eti#e.
/e "o#eBuote& p#o*ision )"es %le"# t/e intention "n& spi#it o t/e l" to gi*e e)ploye#s "n& e)ployees " #ee /"n& to &ete#)ine "n& "g#ee upon t/e te#)s "n& %on&itions o #eti#e)ent. $#o*i&ing in " !A o# %o)pulso#y #eti#e)ent o e)ployees "te# tenty-i*e 25 ye"#s o se#*i%e is leg"l "n& eno#%e"ble so long "s t/e p"#ties "g#ee to be go*e#ne& by su%/ !A. /e l" p#esu)es t/"t e)ployees no /"t t/ey "nt "n& /"t is goo& o# t/e) "bsent "ny s/oing t/"t #"u& o# inti)i&"tion "s e)ploye& to se%u#e t/ei# %onsent t/e#eto.
D8$38=: $"nt#"n%o on. $etition g#"nte&.
*OCT)INE: A !A in%o#po#"tes t/e "g#ee)ent #e"%/e& "te# negoti"tions beteen e)ploye# "n& b"#g"ining "gent it/ #espe%t to te#)s "n& %on&itions o e)ploy)ent. A !A is not "n o#&in"#y %ont#"%t. EAs " l"bo# %ont#"%t it/in t/e %onte)pl"tion o A#ti%le 1700 o t/e i*il o&e o t/e $/ilippines /i%/ go*e#ns t/e #el"tions beteen l"bo# "n& %"pit"l, it is not )e#ely %ont#"%tu"l in n"tu#e but i)p#esse& it/ publi% inte#est, t/us it )ust yiel& to t/e %o))on goo&. As su%/, it )ust be %onst#ue& libe#"lly #"t/e# t/"n n"##oly "n& te%/ni%"lly, "n& t/e %ou#ts )ust pl"%e " p#"%ti%"l "n& #e"listi% %onst#u%tion upon it, gi*ing &ue %onsi&e#"tion to t/e %onteCt in /i%/ it is negoti"te& "n& pu#pose /i%/ it is inten&e& to se#*e.E
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
CASE 09? *OE /IS. INC. 5S. /AWIS N4 MA@A(A=AN4 O()E)O
4.). No. 1<??20 anua"y 16# +006 Digeste& by: L"n 3li*es
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;; /etitione": D3L= $IL$$N=8, N.
)espon%ents: $A;8 NG +AA!AHANG 3!R=R3
$A+A3- NL
Natu"e of t'e Case: " petition o# #e*ie un&e# #ule 45 /onente: o#on", J.
TO/IC: /e olle%ti*e !"#g"ining Ag#ee)ent? N"tu#e FACTS:
/e petitione# "n& t/e #espon&ent eCe%ute& " !A o# t/e pe#io& st"#ting eb#u"#y 16 to eb#u"#y 2001. n&e# t/e bonuses "n& "llo"n%es se%tion o t/e s"i& !A, " $10 )e"l "llo"n%e s/"ll be gi*en to e)ployees /o #en&e# "t le"st 2 /#s o o*e#ti)e o# "n& #ee )e"ls s/"ll be gi*en "te# @ /ou#s o "%tu"l o*e#ti)e o#.
$u#su"nt to t/is p#o*ision, so)e &ep"#t)ents o g#"nte& #ee )e"ls "te# eC"%tly @ ou#s o o#. Ioe*e#, ot/e# &ep"#t)ents g#"nte& #ee )e"ls only "te# )o#e t/"n @ /ou#s o o*e#ti)e o#.
/e #espon&ent ile& " %o)pl"int "g"inst Dole, s"ying t/"t #ee )e"ls s/oul& be g#"nte& "te# eC"%tly @ /#s o o*e#ti)e o#, not "te# )o#e t/"n @ /#s. /e p"#ties "g#ee& to settle t/e &ispute to *olunt"#y "#bit#"tion. t "s &e%i&e& in "*o# o t/e #espon&ent, &i#e%ting t/e petitione# to g#"nt #ee )e"ls "te# eC"%tly @ /#s o o*e#ti)e o#. A
"i#)e&.
ISS,E:
1 ;/et/e# o# not #ee )e"ls s/oul& be g#"nte& "te# eC"%tly @ /#s o o#
2 ;/et/e# o# not t/e petitione# /"s t/e #ig/t to &ete#)ine /en to g#"nt #ee )e"ls "n& its %on&itions
),IN4:
1 =ES. /e s")e )e"l "llo"n%e p#o*ision is oun& in t/ei# p#e*ious !As, t/e 195-199 !A "n& t/e 10-15 !A.
Ioe*e#, it "s ")en&e& in t/e 1@-15 !A, by %/"nging t/e p/#"se Q"te# @ /#s o o*e#ti)e o# to Q"te# )o#e t/"n @ /#s o
o*e#ti)e o#. n t/e 16-2001 !A, t/e p"#ties /"& to negoti"te t/e &eletion o t/e s"i& p/#"se in o#&e# to #e*e#t to t/e ol& p#o*ision. le"#ly, bot/ p"#ties /"& inten&e& t/"t #ee )e"ls s/oul& be gi*en "te# eC"%tly @ /#s o o*e#ti)e o#.
/e &ispute& p#o*ision is %le"# "n& un")biguous, /en%e t/e lite#"l )e"ning s/"ll p#e*"il. No ")ount o leg"l se)"nti%s %"n %on*in%e t/e ou#t t/"t Q"te# )o#e t/"n )e"ns t/e s")e "s Q"te#.
2 NO. /e eCe#%ise o )"n"ge)ent p#e#og"ti*e is not unli)ite&. t is sub<e%t to t/e li)it"tions p#o*i&e& by l". n t/is %"se, t/e#e "s " !A, "n& %o)pli"n%e t/e#eit/ is )"n&"te& by t/e eCp#ess poli%y o t/e l".
*IS/OSITI5E: /AWIS N4 MA@A(A=AN4 O()E)O !on. *OCT)INE:
/e eCe#%ise o )"n"ge)ent p#e#og"ti*e is not unli)ite&. t is sub<e%t to t/e li)it"tions oun& in l", " %olle%ti*e b"#g"ining "g#ee)ent o# t/e gene#"l p#in%iples o "i# pl"y "n& <usti%e. /is situ"tion %onstitutes one o t/e li)it"tions. /e !A is t/e no#) o %on&u%t beteen petitione# "n& p#i*"te #espon&ent "n& %o)pli"n%e t/e#eit/ is
---097 ,SAE,;FFW 5. CA
GR N3. 166@2 +"#%/ 29, 2006
Digest by: +et/" D"n I. 3#olo
---/etitione": ni*e#sity 3 8"n Agustin =)ployees nion-
8A=-;, An& n&i*i&u"l nion 3i%e#s /eo&o#e Neil L"sol", +e#lyn J"#", Julius +"#io, l"*i"no +"n"lo, Rene "b"lu),
Ie#)inigil&o "l"&o, +". Lu "l"&o, R"y Ant/ony FuUig", Ri"lene ill"nue*", Ru&"nte Dol"#, Ro*e# Jo/n "*"##o, Ren" Lete, Al#e&o Go#ion", R")on "%"nte An& +"Ci)o +onte#o,
)espon%ent: A "n& An& ni*e#sity 3 8"n Agustin /onente: G"#%i"
Topic: nte#p#et"tion, A&)inist#"tion "n& =no#%e)ent o !A FACTS:
1. $etitione# nion is t/e &uly #e%ognie& %olle%ti*e b"#g"ining unit o# te"%/ing "n& non-te"%/ing #"n-"n&-ile pe#sonnel o t/e ni*e#sity /ile t/e ot/e# in&i*i&u"l petitione#s "#e its oi%e#s. 2. 3n July 27, 2000, t/e p"#ties ente#e& into " 5-ye"# !A /i%/,
")ong ot/e# t/ings, p#o*i&e& t/"t t/e e%ono)i% p#o*isions t/e#eo s/"ll /"*e " pe#io& o t/#ee @ ye"#s o# up to 200@.
o)ple)ent"#y to s"i& p#o*isions is 8e%tion @ o A#ti%le o t/e !A p#o*i&ing o# s"l"#y in%#e"ses o# 8%/ool He"#s 8H 2000-200@, su%/ in%#e"se to t"e t/e o#) o eit/e# " lu)p su) o# " pe#%ent"ge o t/e tuition in%#e)ent"l p#o%ee&s $.
@. /e !A %ont"ine& " Eno st#ie, no lo%outE %l"use "n& " g#ie*"n%e )"%/ine#y p#o%e&u#e to #esol*e )"n"ge)ent-l"bo# &isputes, in%lu&ing " *olunt"#y "#bit#"tion )e%/"nis) s/oul& t/e g#ie*"n%e %o))ittee "il to s"tis"%to#ily settle su%/ &isputes. 4. $u#su"nt to t/e !A, t/e p"#ties %o))en%e& negoti"tions o# t/e
e%ono)i% p#o*isions o# t/e #e)"ining to ye"#s, i.e.,
8H200@-2004 "n& 8H8H200@-2004-2005. Du#ing t/e negoti"tions, t/e p"#ties %oul& not "g#ee on t/e )"nne# o %o)puting t/e $, t/us t/e nee& to un&e#go p#e*enti*e )e&i"tion p#o%ee&ings beo#e t/e N"tion"l on%ili"tion "n& +e&i"tion !o"#& N+!, loilo ity. 5. /e %o)put"tion o $ "s not #esol*e&. /is &e*elop)ent
p#o)pte& t/e nion to &e%l"#e " b"#g"ining &e"&lo% g#oun&e& on t/e p"#ties "ilu#e to "##i*e "t " )utu"lly "%%ept"ble position on t/e )"nne# o %o)puting t/e se*enty pe#%ent 70 o t/e net $ to be "llotte& o# s"l"#y.
6. /e#e"te#, t/e nion ile& " Noti%e o 8t#ie beo#e t/e N+! /i%/ "s eCpe%te&ly oppose& by t/e ni*e#sity in " +otion to 8t#ie 3ut Noti%e o 8t#ie "n& to Ree# t/e Dispute to olunt"#y A#bit#"tion, in*oing t/e ENo st#ie, no lo%outE %l"use o t/e p"#ties !A. /e N+!, /oe*e#, "ile& to #esol*e t/e
ni*e#sitys )otion.
7. /e nion st"ge& " st#ie. At 6:45 ".). o t/e s")e &"y, 8/e#is #"n%is%o L. Reyes "n& Ro%y +. #"n%is%o /"& "##i*e& "t 8"n Agustin ni*e#sity to se#*e t/e AJ3 on t/e nion. At t/e )"in ent#"n%e o t/e ni*e#sity, t/e s/e#is s" so)e ele)ents o t/e nion "t t/e e"#ly st"ges o t/e st#ie. /e#e t/ey )et +e#lyn J"#", t/e nions *i%e p#esi&ent, upon /o) t/e s/e#is t#ie& to se#*e t/e AJ3, but /o, "te# #e"&ing it, #euse& to #e%ei*e t/e s")e, %iting nion !o"#& Resolution No. @ n")ing t/e union p#esi&ent "s t/e only pe#son "ut/o#ie& to &o so. /e s/e#is eCpl"ine& to +s. J"#" t/"t e*en i s/e #euse& to "%nole&ge #e%eipt o t/e AJ3, t/e s")e oul& be %onsi&e#e& se#*e&. 8/e#i Reyes u#t/e# ino#)e& t/e nion t/"t on%e t/e s/e#is post t/e AJ3, it oul& be %onsi&e#e& #e%ei*e& by t/e nion.
9. At "pp#oCi)"tely 9:45 ".)., t/e s/e#is poste& %opies o t/e AJ3 "t t/e )"in g"te o 8"n Agustin ni*e#sity, "t t/e )"in ent#"n%e o its buil&ings "n& "t t/e nions oi%e insi&e t/e %")pus. At :20 ".)., t/e s/e#is se#*e& t/e AJ3 on t/e ni*e#sity.
. Notit/st"n&ing t/e s/e#is "&*i%e "s to t/e leg"l i)pli%"tion o t/e nions #eus"l to be se#*e& it/ t/e AJ3, t/e nion ent "/e"& it/ t/e st#ie.
10. ni*e#sity ile& " $etition to De%l"#e lleg"l 8t#ie "n& Loss o =)ploy)ent 8t"tus7 "t t/e N"tion"l L"bo# Rel"tions o))ission NLR 8ub-#egion"l A#bit#"tion !#"n%/ No. in loilo ity. ISS,E: ;3N t/e !A %l"use on no st#ie no lo%out "s *iol"te&P ),IN4: =ES.
;/en t/e 83L= "ssu)es <u#is&i%tion o*e# " l"bo# &ispute in "n in&ust#y in&ispens"ble to n"tion"l inte#est o# %e#tiies t/e s")e to t/e NLR o# %o)pulso#y "#bit#"tion, su%/ "ssu)ption o# %e#tii%"tion
s/"ll /"*e t/e ee%t o "uto)"ti%"lly en<oining t/e inten&e& o#
i)pen&ing st#ie o# lo%out. +o#eo*e#, i one /"& "l#e"&y t"en pl"%e, "ll st#iing o#e#s s/"ll i))e&i"tely #etu#n to o# "n& t/e e)ploye# s/"ll i))e&i"tely #esu)e ope#"tions "n& #e"&)it "ll o#e#s un&e# t/e s")e te#)s "n& %on&itions p#e*"iling beo#e t/e st#ie o# lo%out. n #"ns-Asi" 8/ipping Lines, n%., et "l. *s. A, et "l., t/e ou#t &e%l"#e& t/"t /en t/e 8e%#et"#y eCe#%ises t/ese poe#s, /e is g#"nte& g#e"t b#e"&t/ o &is%#etion in o#&e# to in& " solution to " l"bo# &ispute. /e )ost ob*ious o t/ese poe#s is t/e "uto)"ti% en<oining o "n i)pen&ing st#ie o# lo%out o# t/e liting t/e#eo i one /"s "l#e"&y t"en pl"%e. Assu)ption o <u#is&i%tion o*e# " l"bo# &ispute, o# t/e %e#tii%"tion o t/e s")e to t/e NLR o# %o)pulso#y "#bit#"tion, "l"ys %o-eCists it/ "n o#&e# o# o#e#s to #etu#n to o#
i))e&i"tely "n& o# e)ploye#s to #e"&)it "ll o#e#s un&e# t/e s")e te#)s "n& %on&itions p#e*"iling beo#e t/e st#ie o# lo%out.
n t/is %"se, t/e AJ3 "s se#*e& "t 9:45 ".). o 8epte)be# 1, 200@. /e st#ie#s t/en s/oul& /"*e #etu#ne& to o# i))e&i"tely. Ioe*e#, t/ey pe#siste& it/ t/ei# #eus"l to #e%ei*e t/e AJ3 "n& "ite& o# t/ei# union p#esi&ent to #e%ei*e t/e s")e "t 5:25 p.). /e nions &ei"n%e o t/e AJ3 "s e*i&ent in t/e s/e#is #epo#t:
;e ent b"% to t/e )"in g"te o t/e ni*e#sity "n& t/e#e N+! Di#e%to# D"&i*"s int#o&u%e& us to t/e nion l"ye#, Atty. +"e
L"%e#n" " o#)e# D3L= Region"l Di#e%to#. Atty. L"%e#n" /oe*e# #euse& to be oi%i"lly se#*e& t/e 3#&e# "g"in pointing to !o"#& Resolution No. @ p"sse& by t/e nion oi%e#s. Atty. L"%e#n" t/en ino#)e& t/e un&e#signe& 8/e#is t/"t t/e nion p#esi&ent ill "%%ept t/e 3#&e# "t "#oun& 5:00 o%lo% in t/e "te#noon. Atty. L"%e#n" tol& t/e un&e#signe& 8/e#i t/"t only /en t/e nion p#esi&ent #e%ei*es t/e 3#&e# "t 5:00 p.). s/"ll t/e nion #e%ognie t/e 8e%#et"#y o L"bo# "s /"*ing "ssu)e& <u#is&i%tion o*e# t/e l"bo# &ispute.
/us, e see no #e*e#sible e##o# in t/e As in&ing t/"t t/e st#ie o 8epte)be# 1, 200@ "s illeg"l. onseBuently, t/e nion oi%e#s e#e &ee)e& to /"*e lost t/ei# e)ploy)ent st"tus o# /"*ing noingly p"#ti%ip"te& in s"i& illeg"l "%t.
;e lieise in& logi% in t/e As &i#e%ti*e o# t/e /e#ein p"#ties to p#o%ee& it/ *olunt"#y "#bit#"tion "s p#o*i&e& in t/ei# !A. As e see
it, t/e issue "s to t/e e%ono)i% beneits, /i%/ in%lu&e& t/e issue on t/e o#)ul" in %o)puting t/e $ s/"#e o t/e e)ployees, is one t/"t "#ises #o) t/e inte#p#et"tion o# i)ple)ent"tion o t/e !A. o be su#e, t/e p"#ties !A p#o*i&es o# " g#ie*"n%e )"%/ine#y to #esol*e "ny E%o)pl"int o# &iss"tis"%tion "#ising #o) t/e inte#p#et"tion o# i)ple)ent"tion o t/e !A "n& t/ose "#ising #o) t/e inte#p#et"tion o# eno#%e)ent o %o)p"ny pe#sonnel poli%ies.E +o#eo*e#, t/e s")e !A p#o*i&es t/"t s/oul& t/e g#ie*"n%e )"%/ine#y "il to #esol*e t/e g#ie*"n%e o# &ispute, t/e s")e s/"ll be E#ee##e& to " olunt"#y A#bit#"to# o# "#bit#"tion "n& in"l #esolution.E
Ioe*e#, t/#oug/ no "ult o t/e ni*e#sity t/ese p#o%esses e#e not eC/"uste&. t )ust be #e%"lle& t/"t /ile un&e#going p#e*enti*e )e&i"tion p#o%ee&ings beo#e t/e N+!, t/e nion &e%l"#e& " b"#g"ining &e"&lo%, ile& " noti%e o st#ie "n& t/e#e"te#, ent on
st#ie. /e ni*e#sity ile& " +otion to 8t#ie 3ut Noti%e o 8t#ie "n& to Ree# t/e Dispute to olunt"#y A#bit#"tion but t/e )otion "s not "%te& upon by t/e N+!. As bo#ne by t/e #e%o#&s, t/e ni*e#sity /"s been %onsistent in its position t/"t t/e nion )ust eC/"ust t/e
g#ie*"n%e )"%/ine#y p#o*isions o t/e !A /i%/ en&s in *olunt"#y "#bit#"tion.
/e ni*e#sitys st"n%e is %onsistent it/ A#ti%les 261 "n& 262 o t/e L"bo# o&e, "s ")en&e&.
*IS/OSITI5E: ni*e#sity o 8"n Agustin on.
*OCT)INE: /e ni*e#sity ile& " +otion to 8t#ie 3ut Noti%e o 8t#ie "n& Ree# t/e Dispute to olunt"#y A#bit#"tion p#e%isely to %"ll t/e "ttention o t/e N+! "n& t/e nion to t/e "%t t/"t t/e !A p#o*i&es o# " g#ie*"n%e )"%/ine#y "n& t/e p"#ties oblig"tion to
eC/"ust "n& /ono# s"i& )e%/"nis). A%%o#&ingly, t/e N+! s/oul& /"*e &i#e%te& t/e nion to /ono# its "g#ee)ent it/ t/e ni*e#sity to eC/"ust "&)inist#"ti*e g#ie*"n%e )e"su#es "n& b#ing t/e "llege& &e"&lo% to *olunt"#y "#bit#"tion. no#tun"tely, t/e N+! &i& not #esol*e t/e ni*e#sitys )otion t/us p"*ing t/e "y o# t/e st#ie on 8epte)be# 1, 200@ "n& t/e &elibe#"te %i#%u)*ention o t/e !As g#ie*"n%e )"%/ine#y "n& *olunt"#y "#bit#"tion p#o*isions.
As e see it, t/e "ilu#e o# #eus"l o t/e N+! "n& t/e#e"te# t/e 83L= to #e%ognie, /ono# "n& eno#%e t/e g#ie*"n%e )"%/ine#y "n& *olunt"#y "#bit#"tion p#o*isions o t/e p"#ties !A unittingly #en&e#e& s"i& p#o*isions, "s ell "s, A#ti%les 261 "n& 262 o t/e L"bo# o&e, useless "n& inope#"ti*e. As /e#e, " union %"n e"sily %i#%u)*ent t/e g#ie*"n%e )"%/ine#y "n& " p#e*ious "g#ee)ent to #esol*e
&ie#en%es o# %onli%ts t/#oug/ *olunt"#y "#bit#"tion t/#oug/ t/e si)ple eCpe&ient o iling " noti%e o st#ie. 3n t/e ot/e# /"n&, )"n"ge)ent %"n "*oi& t/e g#ie*"n%e )"%/ine#y "n& *olunt"#y "#bit#"tion p#o*isions o its !A by si)ply iling " noti%e o lo%out.
