The relationship between family values and adolescent values system

Vol 2, No. 2, 2008 Pages: 117-126

1387 ﻥﺎﺘﺴﺑﺎﺗ، 2 ﻩﺭﺎﻤﺷ، 2 ﻩﺭﻭﺩ

117-126 :ﺕﺎﺤﻔﺻ

# Corresponding author: Research center

Baqiyatallah university of Medical Sciences.

ﻡﻮﻠﻋﺕﺎﻘﻴﻘﺤﺗﺰﻛﺮﻣ،ﷲﺍﺔﻴﻘﺑﻰﻜــﺷﺰﭘﻡﻮﻠﻋﻩﺎﮕﺸﻧﺍﺩ: ﻝﻮﺌﺴﻣ ﻩﺪﻨـﺴﻳﻮﻧ" .ﻯﺭﺎﺘﻓﺭ

Abstract

Introduction: A value system is a discrete belief about something or someone. The value system is important for any community and distortion this issue can changed the cultural identity. Therefore all of the society try to care and reinforce Value system. Family is important factor to grow up values system and spiritual values can produce by family. so family can effect on value system in child and adolescent.

Methods: This study is descriptive and it aimed were investigating the family values system on values in adolescent in Tehran. The instrument for measuring values system were human made values questionnaire. The sample size consist of 989 adolescent from Tehran high schools were recruited to the study randomly ,and data analysed by t test and anova.

Results: Data analized showed the average of age were m=16.01 and sd-0.973. Results showed relationship between adolescent values system and family, religious, media, and national value were significant. All of adolescent that had grater score in personal values in other values their’s score were higher.

Conclosion: In a culture where everyone holds the same moral, political, religious, and social values. The result of this study suggest that the values system, interest and goales to satify basic human needs are consistent with the theories used in different studies.

Key words: Value System, family Values, Adolescent

ﻩﺪﻴﻜﭼ

ﻭﻥﺎﻧﺍﻮﺟﻮﻧﻰــﺷﺯﺭﺍﻡﺎﻈﻧﻦﻴﺑﻪﻄﺑﺍﺭﻰــﺳﺭﺮﺑﺮﺿﺎﺣﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣﻑﺪﻫ :ﻪﻣﺪﻘﻣ

ﻦﻴﺑﺎﻳﺁﻪﻛﺖﺳﺍﻦﻳﺍﻝﺍﻮــﺳﺮﮕﻳﺩﺕﺭﺎﺒﻋﻪﺑ .ﺪــﺷﺎﺑﻰﻣﻩﺩﺍﻮﻧﺎﺧﻯﺎﻫﺵﺯﺭﺍ ؟ﺩﺭﺍﺩﺩﻮﺟﻭﻯﺍﻪﻄﺑﺍﺭﻦﻳﺪﻟﺍﻭﻭﻩﺩﺍﻮﻧﺎﺧﻯﺎﻫﺵﺯﺭﺍﻭﻥﺎﻧﺍﻮﺟﻮﻧﻰﺷﺯﺭﺍﻡﺎﻈﻧ ﻯﺎﻬﻧﺎﺘــﺳﺮﻴﺑﺩﻥﺍﺯﻮﻣﺁﺶﻧﺍﺩﻖﻴﻘﺤﺗﻦﻳﺍﺭﺩﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣﺩﺭﻮــﻣﻪــﻌﻣﺎﺟ :ﺵﻭﺭ

ﻯﺮﻴﮔﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧﺵﻭﺭﺯﺍﻩﺩﺎﻔﺘﺳﺍﺎﺑﻪﻛﺪﻨﺷﺎﺑﻰﻣ 84-83 ﻝﺎــﺳﺭﺩﻥﺍﺮﻬﺗﺮﻬﺷ ﺭﺍﺰﺑﺍ .ﺪﻨﺘﻓﺮﮔﺭﺍﺮﻗﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣﺩﺭﻮﻣﻭﺏﺎﺨﺘﻧﺍﻥﺎﻧﺁﺯﺍﺮﻔﻧ 984 ﺩﺍﺪﻌﺗﻯﺍﻪــﺷﻮﺧ ﺲﭘﻪﻛﺖﺳﺍﻩﺩﻮﺑﻪﺘﺧﺎﺳﻖﻘﺤﻣﻪﻣﺎﻨﺸﺳﺮﭘﺮﺿﺎﺣﻖﻴﻘﺤﺗﺭﺩﻩﺩﺎﻔﺘﺳﺍﺩﺭﻮﻣ

.ﺖﺳﺍﻪﺘﻓﺮﮔﺭﺍﺮﻗﻩﺩﺎﻔﺘﺳﺍﺩﺭﻮﻣﻥﺎﻧﺁﻲﻳﺍﻭﺭﻭﺭﺎﺒﺘﻋﺍﻰﺳﺭﺮﺑﺯﺍ ﻥﺎﻧﺍﻮﺟﻮﻧﻰﺷﺯﺭﺍﻡﺎﻈﻧﻦﻴﺑﻪﻛﺖﺳﺍﻩﺩﺍﺩﻥﺎﺸﻧﻩﺪﻣﺁﺖﺳﺪﺑﺞﻳﺎﺘﻧ :ﺎﻫ ﻪﺘﻓﺎﻳ

ﺩﻮﺟﻭﻯﺭﺍﺩﺎﻨﻌﻣﻁﺎﺒﺗﺭﺍﻰــﻠﻣﻭﻯﺍﻪﻧﺎــﺳﺭ،ﻰﺒﻫﺬﻣ،ﻰﮔﺩﺍﻮﻧﺎﺧﻯﺎﻫﺵﺯﺭﺍﻭ ﻯﺩﺮﻓﻯﺎﻫﺵﺯﺭﺍﺭﺩﻯﺮــﺗﻻﺎﺑﻩﺮﻤﻧﻪﻛﻰﻧﺎﻧﺍﻮﺟﻮﻧﺮــﮕﻳﺩﺕﺭﺎﺒﻋﻪــﺑ .ﺩﺭﺍﺩ ﻰﻧﺎﺴﻛﻭﺪﻧﺩﻮﺑﻩﺩﺮﻛﺐﺴﻛﺍﺭﻯﺮﺗﻻﺎﺑﻩﺮﻤﻧﺰﻴﻧﺎﻫﺵﺯﺭﺍﺮﻳﺎﺳﺭﺩﺪﻧﺍﻪﺘــﺷﺍﺩ ﺐــﺴﻛﻰﺒﻫﺬﻣﻭﻰﮔﺩﺍﻮﻧﺎﺧ ,ﻰﻋﺎﻤﺘﺟﺍﻯﺎﻫﺵﺯﺭﺍﺭﺩﻯﺮــﺗﻦﻴﻳﺎﭘﻩﺮﻤﻧﻪــﻛ

.ﺪﻨﺘﺷﺍﺩﻯﺮﺘﻤﻛﻩﺮﻤﻧﺰﻴﻧﻯﺩﺮﻓﻯﺎﻫﺵﺯﺭﺍﺭﺩ،.ﺪﻧﺩﻮﺑﻩﺩﺮﻛ ﺖﻴﻤﻫﺍﻩﺪﻨﻫﺩﻥﺎــﺸﻧﻖﻴﻘﺤﺗﻦﻳﺍﺭﺩﻩﺪﻣﺁﺖــﺳﺪﺑﺞﻳﺎﺘﻧ :ﻯﺮﻴﮔ ﻪـﺠﻴﺘﻧ

ﺩﺭﻮﻣﺰﻴﻧﺕﺎﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣﺮﻳﺎﺳﺭﺩﻩﺩﻮﺑﻥﺎﻧﺍﻮﺟﻮﻧﻰــﺳﺎﺳﺍﻯﺎﻫﺯﺎﻴﻧﻊﻓﺭﺭﺩﺎﻫﺵﺯﺭﺍ

.ﺖﺳﺍﻪﺘﻓﺮﮔﺭﺍﺮﻗﺪﻴﻳﺎﺗ

.ﻥﺍﻮﺟﻮﻧ،ﻩﺩﺍﻮﻧﺎﺧﻯﺎﻬﺷﺯﺭﺍ،ﻰﺷﺯﺭﺍﻡﺎﻈﻧ :ﻯﺪﻴﻠﻛ ﻯﺎﻫ ﻩژﺍﻭ

ﻩﺩﺍﻮﻧﺎﺧ

ﻰﺷﺯﺭﺍ

ﻡﺎﻈﻧ

ﻪﻄﺑﺍﺭ

ﻰﺳﺭﺮﺑ

ﻥﺎﻧﺍﻮﺟﻮﻧ

ﻯﺎﻫ

ﺵﺯﺭﺍ

ﺎﺑ

The relationship between family values and

adolescent values system

Azadmarzabadi, E. Ph.D. _{ﻯﺩﺎﺑﺁﺯﺮﻣﺩﺍﺯﺁﺭﺎﻳﺪﻨﻔﺳﺍﺮﺘﻛﺩ}

ﻪﻣﺪﻘﻣ

ﻪﻛ ﺖﺳﺍ ﻰﻠﺋﺎــﺴﻣ ﺯﺍ ﻰﻜﻳ ﻰﮕﻨﻫﺮﻓ ﻰــﺳﺎﻨﺷ ﺐﻴــﺳﺁ ﻉﻮﺿﻮﻣ

ﺖﻠﻔﻏ ﻪﻛ ﻯﺭﻮﻄﺑ .ﺖــﺳﺍ ﺖﻴﻤﻫﺍ ﻯﺍﺭﺍﺩ ﻥﺁ ﻰــﺳﺭﺮﺑ ﻭ ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ

ﻭ ﻰﮕﻨﻫﺮﻓ ﺖﻳﻮﻫ ﻒﻴﻌﻀﺗ ﺚــﻋﺎﺑ ﺪﻧﺍﻮﺗ ﻰﻣ ﻢﻬﻣ ﻪﻟﺎــﺴﻣ ﻦﻳﺍ ﺯﺍ

ﻝﺎﺼﺗﺍ ﻪﻘﻠﺣ ﺎﻫ ﺵﺯﺭﺍ .[1ﻭ2] ﺩﺩﺮﮔ ﺎﻫ ﺖﻠﻣ ﮓﻨﻫﺮﻓ ﻪﻟﺎﺤﺘﺳﺍ ﺎﻳ

ﻦﻳﺍ ﺯﺍ ﺖﻠﻔﻏ ﻭ ﺪﻨﺘــﺴﻫ ﻩﺪﻨﻳﺁ ﻞــﺴﻧ ﺎﺑ ﻰﺘﻠﻣ ﻭ ﻡﻮﻗ ﺮﻫ ﮓﻨﻫﺮﻓ

ﺎﻫ ﺵﺯﺭﺍ .ﺪﻨﻛ ﻪﺟﺍﻮﻣ ﺖﻳﻮﻫ ﻥﺍﺮﺤﺑ ﺎــﺑ ﺍﺭ ﻊﻣﺍﻮﺟ ﺪﻧﺍﻮﺗ ﻰﻣ ﻢﻬﻣ

ﺭﺩ ﺪﻴﻫﺍﻮﺧ ﻰﻣ ﺮﮔﺍ ﺪــﻳﻮﮔ ﻰﻣ ﺩﺭﺎﻬﻠﮕﻧﺍ ﻪﻛ ﺪﻧﺭﺍﺩ ﺖــﻴﻤﻫﺍ ﺭﺪﻘﻧﺁ

ﺍﺭ ﻥﺎﻧﺁ ﻯﺎــﻫ ﺵﺯﺭﺍ ,ﺪﻴﻨﻛ ﺏﻼﻘﻧﺍ ﺍﺪﺻ ﻭﺮــﺳ ﻥﻭﺪﺑ ﻯﺭﻮــﺸﻛ

ﺭﺩ .ﺩﺭﺍﺩ ﺖﻴﻤﻫﺍ ﺎﻫ ﺵﺯﺭﺍ ﻪــﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ ﻞﻴﻟﺩ ﻦﻴﻤﻫ ﻪﺑ .ﺪﻴﻫﺩ ﺮــﻴﻴﻐﺗ

ﻥﺎﻴﻨﺑ ﻭ ﻩﺪﻴــﺸﺨﺑ ﺖﻳﻮﻫ ﻰﻋﺎﻤﺘﺟﺍ ﻡﺎﻈﻧ ﻪــﺑ ﺎﻫ ﺵﺯﺭﺍ ﺖﻘﻴﻘﺣ

ﺭﺎﻴﻌﻣ ﺎﻫ ﺵﺯﺭﺍ ﻊــﻗﺍﻭ ﺭﺩ .ﺪﻨﺘــﺴﻫ ﻪﻌﻣﺎﺟ ﻚﻳ ﻰﮕﻨﻫﺮﻓ ﻡﺎــﻈﻧ

ﻞﻴﻟﺩ ﻦﻴﻤﻫ ﻪــﺑ ﺪﻨــﺷﺎﺑ ﻰﻣ ﻪﻌﻣﺎﺟ ﻯﺎﻫﺪﻳﺎﺒﻧ ﻭ ﺎﻫﺪﻳﺎﺑ ﻰــﺳﺎﺳﺍ

ﺮﮔﺍ ,ﺪﻨﺘﺴﻫ ﺰﻴﻧ ﻰﻋﺎﻤﺘﺟﺍ ﻯﺎﻫﺭﺎﺠﻨﻫ ﻭ ﻥﻮﻧﺎﻗ ﻯﺎﻨﺑﺮﻳﺯ ﺎﻫ ﺵﺯﺭﺍ

ﻯﺍﺭﺍﺩ ﺰﻴﻧ ﻰﻣﻮﻤﻋ ﮓﻨﻫﺮﻓ ﺪﻨﺷﺎﺑ ﻰﺒــﺴﻧ ﺕﺎﺒﺛ ﻯﺍﺭﺍﺩ ﺎﻫ ﺵﺯﺭﺍ

ﻥﺍﺮﺤﺑ ﺎﻳ ﻭ ﻙﻮﺷ ﺭﺎﭼﺩ ﺎﻫ ﺵﺯﺭﺍ ﺮﮔﺍ ﻭ ﺪــﺷﺎﺑ ﻰﻣ ﻰﺒــﺴﻧ ﺕﺎﺒﺛ

ﺍﺭ ﻰﮕﻨﻫﺮﻓ ﻥﺍﺮﺤﺑ ﺮــﻴﺧﺎﺗ ﻰﻤﻛ ﺎﺑ ﺰﻴﻧ ﻰﻣﻮﻤﻋ ﮓﻨﻫﺮﻓ ﺪﻧﻮــﺷ

ﻰﮕﻨﻫﺮﻓ ﺕﺎﺒﺛ ﻪﻛ ﺪﻨﺘﺴﻫ ﺎﻫ ﺵﺯﺭﺍ ﺍﺮﻳﺯ ﺖــﺷﺍﺩ ﺪﻫﺍﻮﺧ ﻝﺎﺒﻧﺪﺑ

ﻰﻣﻮﻤﻋ ﮓﻨﻫﺮﻓ ﮓﻨﻫﺮﻓ ﺪﻌﺑ ﺭﺩ ًﺎﺻﻮﺼﺧ ﻰﮕﻨﻫﺮﻓ ﻙﻮــﺷ ﺎﻳ ﻭ

.[1-3] ﺪﻧﻮﺷ ﻰﻣ ﺐﺟﻮﻣ ﺍﺭ

ﻯﺍﺭﺍﺩ .[3] ﺪﻧﺭﺍﺩ ﺖــﻳﺰﻛﺮﻣ ﺎﻫ ﺵﺯﺭﺍ ﺖﻔﮔ ﻥﺍﻮﺗ ﻰﻣ ﻰــﻠﻛﺭﻮﻄﺑ

ﻯﺍﺭﺍﺩ .[5] ﺪﻧﺭﺍﺩ ﻯﺭﻮﺘﺳﺩ ﻪﺒﻨﺟ .[4] ﺪﻨﺘــﺴﻫ ﺖﻳﻮﻟﻭﺍ ﻭ ﻥﺎﺤﺟﺭ

ﻥﺎﺟ ﺯﺍ ﺎﻫ ﺵﺯﺭﺍ ﻆﻔﺣ ﻯﺍﺮﺑ ﺪﻧﺮﺿﺎﺣ ﺩﺍﺮﻓﺍ ﻭ ﺪﻨﺘﺴﻫ ﻰﻔﻃﺎﻋ ﺭﺎﺑ

ﺭﺍﺪﻳﺎﭘ ﺕﺍﺮﻴﻴﻐﺗ ﺮﺑﺍﺮﺑ ﺭﺩ ﻭ ﺪﻨﺘﺴﻫ ﻰﺒــﺴﻧ .[6] ﺪﻧﺭﺬﮕﺑ ﺩﻮﺧ ﻝﺎﻣ ﻭ

.[3ﻭ24] ﺪﻨﺷﺎﺑ ﻰﻣ

ﺭﺍﺮﻗ ﻰــﺳﺭﺮﺑ ﺩﺭﻮﻣ ﻯﺩﺎﻳﺯ ﺩﺍﺮــﻓﺍ ﻪﻠﻴــﺳﻭ ﻪﺑ ﻥﻮﻨﻛﺎﺗ ﺎــﻫ ﺵﺯﺭﺍ

ﺶــﺷ ﻪﺑ ﺍﺭ ﺎﻫ ﺵﺯﺭﺍ [18] ﻯﺯﺪﻨﻴﻟ ﻭ ﺕﺭﻮﭙﻟﺁ ﻪﻠﻤﺟ ﺯﺍ .ﺪﻧﺍ ﻪﺘﻓﺮﮔ

ﻯﺎﻫ ﺵﺯﺭﺍ ﻞﻣﺎــﺷ ﺎﻫ ﺵﺯﺭﺍ ﻦﻳﺍ .ﺪــﻧﺍ ﻩﺩﺮﻛ ﻯﺪﻨﺑ ﻢﻴــﺴﻘﺗ ﻉﻮﻧ

.ﺪﻨﺘــﺴﻫ ﻰﻨﻳﺩ ﻭ ﻰــﺳﺎﻴﺳ ﺕﺭﺪﻗ ،ﻰﻋﺎﻤﺘﺟﺍ ،ﻰﻳﺎﺒﻳﺯ ،ﻯﺩﺎﺼﺘﻗﺍ

ﻯﺎﻫ ﺵﺯﺭﺍ ﻭ ﻲﻳﺎﻬﻧ ﻯﺎﻫ ﺵﺯﺭﺍ ﻩﻭﺮــﮔﻭﺩ ﻪﺑ ﺍﺭ ﺎﻫ ﺵﺯﺭﺍ ﭻــﻴﻛﺍﺭ

ﻯﺎﻫ ﻩﻮﻴﺷ ﺎﻫ ﺵﺯﺭﺍ ﻪﻛ ﺖﺳﺍ ﺪﻘﺘﻌﻣ ﻭ ﺖﺳﺍ ﻩﺩﺮﻛ ﻢﻴﺴﻘﺗ ﻯﺭﺍﺰﺑﺍ

ﻑﺪﻫ ﻪﺑ ﻥﺪﻴﺳﺭ ﻯﺍﺮﺑ ﻯﺍ ﻪﻠﻴﺳﻭ ﻥﺍﻮﻨﻋ ﻪﺑ ﻭ ﺪﻨﺘــﺴﻫ ﺭﺎﺘﻓﺭ ﺮﺗﺮﺑ

ﻪﺑ ﺍﺭ ﻰﻧﺎﻣﺯﺎــﺳ ﻯﺎﻫ ﺵﺯﺭﺍ ﻦﻴﻔﻳﺮﮔ ﻭ ﺪﻫﺭﻮﻣ .ﺪﻨــﺷﺎﺑ ﻰﻣ ﺡﺮﻄﻣ

ﻢﻴﺴﻘﺗ ﻚﻳﮋﺗﺍﺮﺘﺳﺍ ﻯﺎﻫ ﺵﺯﺭﺍ ﻭ ﻰﮕﻨﻫﺮﻓ ﻯﺎﻫ ﺵﺯﺭﺍ ﻪﺘﺳﺩ ﻭﺩ

.[10 ﻭ11] ﺪﻨﻨﻛ ﻰﻣ

ﻪﺑ ﻪﻛ ﺪﻨﺘﺴﻫ ﻰﺘﻌﻴﻗﻮﻣﺍﺮﻓ ﻑﺍﺪﻫﺍ ﺎﻫ ﺵﺯﺭﺍ ﺖﺳﺍ ﺪﻘﺘﻌﻣ ﺰﺗﺭﺍﻮــﺷ

ﺖﻴﻤﻫﺍ ﻯﺍﺭﺍﺩ ﻭ ﻪﺘﺷﺍﺩ ﺭﺍﺮﻗ ﺩﺮﻓ ﻰﮔﺪﻧﺯ ﺭﺩ ﺎﻤﻨﻫﺍﺭ ﻝﻮﺻﺍ ﻥﺍﻮﻨﻋ

ﺮﻈﻧ ﻪﺳ ﺱﺎــﺳﺍ ﺮﺑ ﺍﺭ ﺎﻫ ﺵﺯﺭﺍ ﻯﻭ ﺮﻈﻧ ﻪﺑ .ﺪﻨﺘــﺴﻫ ﻰﺗﻭﺎﻔﺘﻣ

ﻦﻜﻤﻣ ﺎﻫ ﺵﺯﺭﺍ ﻪﻜﻧﺁ ﺖــﺴﺨﻧ ،ﺩﺍﺩ ﺺﻴﺨــﺸﺗ ﻢﻫ ﺯﺍ ﻥﺍﻮﺗ ﻰﻣ

ﺎﻫ ﺵﺯﺭﺍ ﻡﻭﺩ ،ﺪﻨــﺷﺎﺑ ﻰﻌﻤﺟ ﺎﻳ ﻯﺩﺮﻓ ﻊﻓﺎﻨﻣ ﺖﻣﺪﺧ ﺭﺩ ﺖــﺳﺍ

ﻰﺳﺎﺳﺍ ﺯﺎﻴﻧ ﻪﺳ ﺯﺍ ﺎﻫ ﺵﺯﺭﺍ ﻡﻮــﺳ ،ﺪﻨﺷﺎﺑ ﻯﺭﺍﺰﺑﺍ ﺖــﺳﺍ ﻦﻜﻤﻣ

ﻭ ﻰﻋﺎﻤﺘﺟﺍ ﻞﻣﺎﻌﺗ ﻪﺑ ﺯﺎﻴﻧ ،ﻰﺘﺧﺎﻨــﺷ ﺖﺴﻳﺯ ﻯﺎﻫﺯﺎﻴﻧ ﻰﻨﻌﻳ ﺮﺸﺑ

.[2ﻭ4 ﻭ24] ﺪﻧﺮﻴﮔ ﻰﻣ ﻪﻤﺸﭼﺮﺳ ﻰﻫﺎﻓﺭ ﻭ ﻰﺳﺎﺳﺍ ﻯﺎﻫﺯﺎﻴﻧ

ﺏﻮﺴﺤﻣ ﻪﻌﻣﺎﺟ ﻥﺍﺯﺎﺳ ﻩﺪﻨﻳﺁ ﻥﺍﻮﻨﻋ ﻪﺑ ﻯﺍ ﻪﻌﻣﺎﺟ ﺮﻫ ﺭﺩ ﻥﺎﻧﺍﻮﺟﻮﻧ

ﻰﻧﺍﻮﺟ ﺖﻴﻌﻤﺟ ﺐﻴﻛﺮﺗ ﻪﻛ ﻥﺍﺮﻳﺍ ﺪﻨﻧﺎﻣ ﻯﺍ ﻪﻌﻣﺎﺟ ﺭﺩ ﻭ ﺪﻧﻮﺷ ﻰﻣ

ﻰﻬﺟﻮﺗ ﻢﻛ ﻭ ﻪﺘﺷﺍﺩ ﺰﻴﻧ ﻯﺮﺘﺸﻴﺑ ﺖﻴﻤﻫﺍ ﻥﺎﻧﺍﻮﺟﻮﻧ ﻪﺑ ﻪﺟﻮﺗ ﺩﺭﺍﺩ

ﺍﺭ ﻰﮕﻨﻫﺮﻓ ﺖﻳﻮﻫ ﺭﺩ ﻒﻌﺿ ﻝﺎﻤﺘﺣﺍ ﻥﺎﻧﺍﻮﺟﻮﻧ ﻰــﺷﺯﺭﺍ ﻡﺎﻈﻧ ﻪﺑ

ﻡﺎﻈﻧ ﻦﻴﺑ ﻁﺎﺒﺗﺭﺍ ﻰــﺳﺭﺮﺑ ﺮﺿﺎﺣ ﻖﻴﻘﺤﺗ ﺯﺍ ﻑﺪﻫ .ﺩﺭﺍﺩ ﻰــﭘ ﺭﺩ

ﻊﻗﺍﻭ ﺭﺩ .ﺖــﺳﺍ ﻥﺎﻧﺁ ﻩﺩﺍﻮﻧﺎﺧ ﻯﺎــﻫ ﺵﺯﺭﺍ ﻭ ﻥﺎﻧﺍﻮﺟﻮﻧ ﻰــﺷﺯﺭﺍ

ﺎﺑ ﻥﺎﻧﺍﻮﺟﻮﻧ ﻰﺷﺯﺭﺍ ﻡﺎﻈﻧ ﻦﻴﺑ ﻪﻛ ﺖــﺳﺍ ﻦﻳﺍ ﻖﻴﻘﺤﺗ ﻦﻳﺍ ﻪﻴﺿﺮﻓ

.ﺩﺭﺍﺩ ﺩﻮﺟﻭ ﻪﻄﺑﺍﺭ ﻥﺎﻧﺁ ﻩﺩﺍﻮﻧﺎﺧ ﻯﺎﻫ ﺵﺯﺭﺍ

ﺵﻭﺭ

ﻲﻌﻄﻘﻣ -ﻲﺑﺎﻳ ﻪﻨﻴﻣﺯ ﺎﻳ ﻲﺸﻳﺎﻤﻴﭘ ﺕﺎﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ ﻉﻮﻧ ﺯﺍ ﺮﺿﺎﺣ ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ

ﻥﺎﻧﺍﻮﺟﻮﻧ ﻯﺎﻫ ﺵﺯﺭﺍ ﻡﺎﻈﻧ ﻰــﺳﺎﻨﺷ ﺐﻴﺳﺁ ﻑﺪﻫ ﺎﺑ ﻪﻛ ﺖــﺳﺍ

.ﺩﺮﻴﮔ ﻲﻣ ﺕﺭﻮﺻ

ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ ﺩﺭﻮﻣ ﻪﻌﻣﺎﺟ :ﻪـﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣﺩﺭﻮﻣﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧﻭﻪـﻌﻣﺎﺟ -ﺏ

ﻭ ﻡﻮﺳ، ﻡﻭﺩ ،ﻝﻭﺍ ﻱﺎﻬﻟﺎﺳ ﻥﺍﺯﻮﻣﺁ ﺶﻧﺍﺩ ﻪﻴﻠﻛ ﺮﺿﺎﺣ ﻖﻴﻘﺤﺗ ﺭﺩ

ﻝﺎﺳ ﺭﺩ ﻪﻛ ﺪﻨﺘﺴﻫ ﻥﺍﺮﻬﺗ ﺮﻬﺷ ﻱﺎﻫ ﻥﺎﺘﺳﺮﻴﺑﺩ ﻲﻫﺎﮕﺸﻧﺍﺩ ﺶﻴﭘ

ﻝﻮﻐﺸﻣ ﺮﻬــﺷ ﻦﻳﺍ ﻱﺎﻫ ﻥﺎﺘــﺳﺮﻴﺑﺩ ﺯﺍ ﻲﻜﻳ ﺭﺩ 1383- 1384

ﺮﺿﺎﺣ ﻖﻴﻘﺤﺗ ﺭﺩ ﻲــﺳﺭﺮﺑ ﺩﺭﻮﻣ ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ .ﺪﻨــﺷﺎﺑ ﻲﻣ ﻞﻴﺼﺤﺗ ﻪﺑ

ﺮﺴﭘ ﻭ ﺮﺘﺧﺩ ﻥﺍﺯﻮﻣﺁ ﺶﻧﺍﺩ ﺯﺍ ﺮﻔﻧ 1000 ﺩﺍﺪﻌﺗ ﺯﺍ ﺖــﺳﺍ ﺕﺭﺎﺒﻋ

ﻱﺮﻴﮔ ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ ﺵﻭﺭ ﺯﺍ ﻩﺩﺎﻔﺘﺳﺍ ﺎﺑ ﻪﻛ ﻥﺍﺮﻬﺗ ﺮﻬﺷ ﻱﺎﻫ ﻥﺎﺘــﺳﺮﻴﺑﺩ

ﺮﺿﺎﺣ ﻖﻴﻘﺤﺗ ﺭﺩ .ﺪﻨﺘﻓﺮﮔ ﺭﺍﺮﻗ ﻪﺴﻳﺎﻘﻣ ﺩﺭﻮﻣ ﻭ ﺏﺎﺨﺘﻧﺍ ﻱﺍ ﻪﺷﻮﺧ

.ﺖﺳﺍ ﻩﺪﺷ ﻪﺘﺷﺍﺩﺮﺑ ﺮﻳﺯ ﻱﺎﻫ ﻡﺎﮔ ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ ﻱﺎﻫﺪﺣﺍﻭ ﻦﻴﻴﻌﺗ ﻱﺍﺮﺑ

ﻭ ﻲﻳﺎﻴﻓﺍﺮﻐﺟ ،ﻲــﮕﻨﻫﺮﻓ ﺲــﻧﺎﺠﺗ ﺱﺎــﺳﺍ ﺮﺑ ﻥﺍﺮﻬﺗ ﺮﻬــﺷ -1

ﺪﻨﺗﺭﺎﺒﻋ ﻪﻛ ﺖﺳﺍ ﻩﺪﺷ ﻢﻴﺴﻘﺗ ﻪﻘﻄﻨﻣ ﺭﺎﻬﭼ ﻪﺑ ﻱﺩﺎﺼﺘﻗﺍ ﺖﻴﻌﺿﻭ

5 ﻪﻘﻄﻨﻣ ،ﻥﺍﺮﻬﺗ ﻝﺎﻤــﺷ ﻪــﺷﻮﺧ ﻥﺍﻮﻨﻋ ﻪﺑ 1 ﻪﻘﻄﻨﻣ ﺯﺍ ﺪﻨﺗﺭﺎﺒﻋ

ﻕﺮﺷ ﻪﺷﻮﺧ ﻥﺍﻮﻨﻋ ﻪﺑ 8 ﻪﻘﻄﻨﻣ ،ﻥﺍﺮﻬﺗ ﺏﺮﻏ ﻪــﺷﻮﺧ ﻥﺍﻮﻨﻋ ﻪﺑ

.ﻥﺍﺮﻬﺗ ﺏﻮﻨﺟ ﻪﺷﻮﺧ ﻥﺍﻮﻨﻋ ﻪﺑ20ﻭ 15 ﻪﻘﻄﻨﻣ ﻭ ﻥﺍﺮﻬﺗ

ﺮﻫ ﺯﺍ ﻪﻛ ﺖــﺳﺍ ﻩﺩﻮﺑ ﺐﻴﺗﺮﺗ ﻦﻳﺪﺑ ﻪــﻧﻮﻤﻧ ﺏﺎﺨﺘﻧﺍ ﻩﻮــﺤﻧ -2

ﺲﭙﺳ ﻭ ﺏﺎﺨﺘﻧﺍ ﻪﻧﺍﺮﺴﭘ ﻲﻜﻳ ﻭ ﻪﻧﺍﺮﺘﺧﺩ ﻲﻜﻳ ﻪﺳﺭﺪﻣ ﻭﺩ ﻪﻘﻄﻨﻣ

.ﺪﻧﺍ ﻪﺘﻓﺮﮔ ﺭﺍﺮﻗ ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ ﺩﺭﻮﻣ ﻭ ﺏﺎــﺨﺘﻧﺍ ﺮﻔﻧ 100 ﻪــﺳﺭﺪﻣ ﺮﻫ ﺯﺍ

.ﺖﺳﺍ ﻩﺩﻮﺑ ﻲﺳﻼﻛ ﺕﺭﻮﺼﺑ ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ ﺏﺎﺨﺘﻧﺍ ﻩﻮﻴﺷ

ﻩﺩﺎﻔﺘــﺳﺍ ﻱﺭﺎﻣﺁ ﻱﺎﻫ ﺵﻭﺭ ﺯﺍ ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ ﻢــﺠﺣ ﺩﺭﻭﺁﺮﺑ ﺭﻮﻈﻨﻣ ﻪــﺑ

ﻱﺭﺎﻣﺁ ﻪﻌﻣﺎﺟ ﻢــﺠﺣ ﻪﺑ ﻪﺟﻮﺗ ﺎﺑ ﺱﺎــﺳﺍ ﻦﻳﺍ ﺮﺑ ،ﺖــﺳﺍ ﻩﺪــﺷ

ﻱﺎﻬﻟﻮﻣﺮﻓ ﺯﺍ ﻩﺩﺎﻔﺘــﺳﺍ ﺎﺑ ﻭ ﻥﺍﺮﻳﺍ ﺭﺎﻣﺁ ﺰﻛﺮﻣ ﺩﺭﻭﺁﺮــﺑ ﺱﺎــﺳﺍ ﺮﺑ

ﺮﺘﺧﺩ ﺮﻔﻧ 500 ﺯﺍ ﻞﻜــﺸﺘﻣ ﺮﻔﻧ 1000 ﻢﺠﺣ ﻪﺑ ﻱﺍ ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ ﻱﺭﺎﻣﺁ

ﺭﻮﻈﻨﻣ ﻪﺑ .ﺪﻨﺘﻓﺮﮔ ﺭﺍﺮﻗ ﻲﺳﺭﺮﺑ ﺩﺭﻮﻣ ﻭ ﺏﺎﺨﺘﻧﺍ ﺮــﺴﭘ ﺮﻔﻧ 500 ﻭ

ﻭ ﺏﺮﻏ ،ﺏﻮﻨﺟ ،ﻝﺎﻤﺷ ﻖﻃﺎﻨﻣ ﻪﻤﻫ ﺯﺍ ﺪــﺷ ﻲﻌــﺳ ﻱﺮﻴﮔ ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ

ﺪﻨﺘﺴﻫ ﻲﺗﻭﺎﻔﺘﻣ ﻲﻋﺎﻤﺘﺟﺍ ﻲﮕﻨﻫﺮﻓ ﻱﺎﻫ ﻲﮔﮋﻳﻭ ﻱﺍﺭﺍﺩ ﻪﻛ ﻕﺮﺷ

.ﺪﻨﺷﺎﺑ ﻪﺘﺷﺍﺩ ﺭﻮﻀﺣ ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ ﺩﺭﻮﻣ ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ ﺭﺩ

ﺮﺿﺎﺣ ﻖﻴﻘﺤﺗ ﺭﺩ ﺕﺎﻋﻼﻃﺍ ﻱﺭﻭﺁﺩﺮﮔ ﺭﺍﺰﺑﺍ :ﻖﻴﻘﺤﺗﺭﺍﺰﺑﺍ -ﺝ

ﺎﻫ ﻲﻧﺩﻮﻣﺯﺁ ﺮﻈﻧ ﻥﺁ ﺭﺩ ﻪﻛ ﺖﺳﺍ ﻩﺩﻮﺑ ﻪﺘﺧﺎﺳ ﻖﻘﺤﻣ ﻪﻣﺎﻨــﺸﺳﺮﭘ

ﻩﺪﺷ ﺺﺨﺸﻣ ﺕﺮﻜﻴﻟ ﺱﺎﻴﻘﻣ ﺯﺍ ﻩﺩﺎﻔﺘﺳﺍ ﺎﺑ ﻭ ﻱﺍ ﻪﺟﺭﺩ ﺕﺭﻮﺼﺑ

ﺕﺎﻋﻼﻃﺍ ﺖﺴﻴﻟ ﻚﭼ ﺶﺨﺑ ﻭﺩ ﻱﺍﺭﺍﺩ ﻪﻣﺎﻨــﺸﺳﺮﭘ ﻦﻳﺍ .ﺖــﺳﺍ

ﻪﻣﺎﻨﺸﺳﺮﭘ ﻦﻳﺍ ﺕﻻﺍﻮﺳ .ﺪﺷﺎﺑ ﻲﻣ ﻲﺻﺎﺼﺘﺧﺍ ﺕﻻﺍﻮﺳ ﻭ ﻱﺩﺮﻓ

ﻪﻣﺎﻨﺸﺳﺮﭘ ﻦﻳﺍ ﻞﻴﻤﻜﺗ ﺵﻭﺭ .ﺖﺳﺍ ﻩﺪﺷ ﻲﺣﺍﺮﻃ ﺶﺨﺑ ﺪﻨﭼ ﺭﺩ

ﺮﻈﻧ ﻥﺁ ﺭﺩ ﻪﻛ ﺩﻮﺑ ﺪﻫﺍﻮﺧ ﻲﻫﺩ ﺵﺭﺍﺰﮔﺩﻮﺧ ﻩﻮﻴــﺷ ﺱﺎــﺳﺍ ﺮﺑ

ﺕﺮﻜﻴﻟ ﺱﺎﻴﻘﻣ ﺯﺍ ﻩﺩﺎﻔﺘــﺳﺍ ﺎﺑ ﻭ ﻱﺍ ﻪﺟﺭﺩ ﺕﺭﻮﺼﺑ ﺎﻫ ﻲﻧﺩﻮﻣﺯﺁ

ﺮﺘﻘﻴﻤﻋ ﻲﺳﺭﺮﺑ ﺯﺍ ﺲﭘ ﻪﻣﺎﻨــﺸﺳﺮﭘ ﻦﻳﺍ . ﺪﺷ ﺪﻫﺍﻮﺧ ﺺﺨــﺸﻣ

ﺮﺿﺎﺣ ﻖﻴﻘﺤﺗ ﻱﺎﻫ ﻪﻴﺿﺮﻓ ﻭ ﻑﺍﺪﻫﺍ ﺎﺑ ﻂﺒﺗﺮﻣ ﺩﻮﺟﻮﻣ ﻱﺎﻫﺭﺍﺰﺑﺍ

ﻪﺑ .ﺖﺳﺍ ﻩﺪﺷ ﻪﺘﺧﺎــﺳ ﻰﺳﺎﻨﺷ ﻥﺍﻭﺭ ﺪﻴﺗﺎــﺳﺍ ﺎﺑ ﺕﺭﻮــﺸﻣ ﺎﺑ ﻭ

ﺯﺍ ﺲﭘ ﻪﻣﺎﻨﺸﺳﺮﭘ ﻦﻳﺍ ﺮﺿﺎﺣ ﻪﻣﺎﻨﺸﺳﺮﭘ ﻰﻳﺍﻭﺭ ﻰــﺳﺭﺮﺑ ﺭﻮﻈﻨﻣ

ﺖﻓﺮﮔ ﺭﺍﺮﻗ ﺱﺎﻨﺷ ﻥﺍﻭﺭ ﺪﻴﺗﺎﺳﺍ ﻭ ﻥﺎﺳﺎﻨﺷﺭﺎﻛ ﺭﺎﻴﺘﺧﺍ ﺭﺩ ﺖﺧﺎﺳ

ﺮﺑ .ﺪﻳﺩﺮﮔ ﻩﺩﺎﻔﺘﺳﺍ ﺎﻔﻟﺁ ﺐﻳﺮﺿ ﺯﺍ ﻥﺁ ﺭﺎﺒﺘﻋﺍ ﻪﺒﺳﺎﺤﻣ ﺭﻮﻈﻨﻣ ﻪﺑ ﻭ

ﻝﺩﺎﻌﻣ ﻪﻣﺎﻨﺸﺳﺮﭘ ﻱﺍﺮﺑ ﻩﺪﺷ ﻪﺒﺳﺎﺤﻣ ﻯﺎﻔﻟﺁ ﺐﻳﺮﺿ ﺱﺎﺳﺍ ﻦﻳﺍ

ﻪﺘــﺷﺍﺩ ﺭﺍﺮﻗ 0/99 ﺎﺗ 0/67 ﻦﻴﺑ ﺎﻫ ﺱﺎﻴﻘﻣ ﻩﺩﺮﺧ ﻱﺍﺮﺑ ﻭ 0/87

.ﺩﺭﺍﺩ ﺭﺍﺮﻗ ﻲﺑﻮﻠﻄﻣ ﺪﺣ ﺭﺩ ﻉﻮﻤﺠﻣ ﺭﺩ ﻪﻛ ﺖﺳﺍ

:ﺯﺍ ﺪﻨﺗﺭﺎﺒﻋ ﻪﻣﺎﻨﺸﺳﺮﭘ ﻦﻳﺍ ﺭﺩ ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ ﺩﺭﻮﻣ ﻱﺎﻫﺭﻮﺤﻣ

12ﺮﺑ ﻞﻤﺘــﺸﻣ ﺶﺨﺑ ﻦﻳﺍ :ﻲﮔﺩﺍﻮﻧﺎﺧﻱﺎـﻫﺵﺯﺭﺍ (ﻒـﻟﺍ

ﺭﺩ ﻪﻛ ﻱﺍ ﻩﺩﺍﻮﻧﺎﺧ ﻱﺎﻫ ﺵﺯﺭﺍ ﻩﺭﺎﺑ ﺭﺩ ﻥﺍﻮﺟﻮﻧ ﺯﺍ ﻪﻛ ﺖﺳﺍ ﻝﺍﻮﺳ

.ﺩﻮﺷ ﻲﻣ ﻝﺍﻮﺳ ،ﺪﻨﻛ ﻲﻣ ﻲﮔﺪﻧﺯ ﻥﺁ

ﺩﻮﺟﻭ ﻝﺍﻮﺳ 20 ﺩﺍﺪﻌﺗ ﺶﺨﺑ ﻦﻳﺍ ﺭﺩ :ﻱﺩﺮﻓﻱﺎﻫﺵﺯﺭﺍ (ﺏ

ﻭ ﻱﺩﺎﻣ ﻞﻳﺎــﺴﻣ ﻪﻨﻴﻣﺯ ﺭﺩ ﺍﺭ ﻥﺎﻧﺍﻮﺟﻮﻧ ﻢﻬﻣ ﻱﺎﻫ ﺵﺯﺭﺍ ﻪﻛ ﺩﺭﺍﺩ

.ﺪﻫﺩ ﻲﻣ ﺭﺍﺮﻗ ﻲﺳﺭﺮﺑ ﺩﺭﻮﻣ ﺏﺮﻏ ﮓﻨﻫﺮﻓ ﻪﺑ ﺶﻳﺍﺮﮔ

ﺩﻮﺟﻭ ﻝﺍﻮــﺳ 14 ﺩﺍﺪﻌﺗ ﺶﺨﺑ ﻦﻳﺍ ﺭﺩ :ﻲﻨﻳﺩﻱﺎﻫﺵﺯﺭﺍ (ﺝ

ﺩﺰﻧ ﻲﻨﻳﺩ ﻱﺎﻫ ﺵﺯﺭﺍ ﻪــﺑ ﻞﻳﺎﻤﺗ ﺶﺠﻨــﺳ ﻪﺑ ﻑﻮﻄﻌﻣ ﻪﻛ ﺩﺭﺍﺩ

.ﺖﺳﺍ ﻥﺎﻧﺍﻮﺟﻮﻧ

ﻲﺣﺍﺮﻃ ﻝﺍﻮﺳ 16 ﺶﺨﺑ ﻦﻳﺍ ﺭﺩ :ﻯﺍﻪﻧﺎـﺳﺭﻱﺎﻫﺵﺯﺭﺍ (ﺩ

ﻩﺭﺎﺑﺭﺩ ﻥﺎــﻧﺍﻮﺟﻮﻧ ﺵﺮﮕﻧ ﻲــﺳﺭﺮﺑ ﻥﺁ ﻑﺪﻫ ﻪﻛ ﺖــﺳﺍ ﻩﺪــﺷ

.ﺖﺳﺍ ﻯﺍ ﻪﻧﺎﺳﺭ ﻱﺎﻫ ﺵﺯﺭﺍ

ﻪﻛ ﺩﺭﺍﺩ ﺩﻮﺟﻭ ﻝﺍﻮــﺳ 15 ﺶﺨﺑ ﻦﻳﺍ ﺭﺩ :ﻰﻠﻣﻯﺎﻫﺵﺯﺭﺍ (ﻩ

.ﺩﻮﺷ ﻰﻣ ﻝﺍﻮﺳ ﻰﮕﻨﻫﺮﻓ ﻭ ﻰﻠﻣ ﻯﺎﻫ ﺵﺯﺭﺍ ﻩﺭﺎﺑﺭﺩ ﻥﺎﻧﺍﻮﺟﻮﻧ ﺯﺍ

ﺎﻫ

ﻪﺘﻓﺎﻳ

ﻰﻨﺳ ﻦﻴﮕﻧﺎﻴﻣ ﻪﻛ ﺪــﺷ ﺺﺨﺸﻣ ﻩﺪﻣﺁ ﺖﺳﺪﺑ ﺞﻳﺎﺘﻧ ﺱﺎــﺳﺍﺮﺑ

ﺍﺭ ﻥﺁ ﺪﺻﺭﺩ 34 ﻪﻛ ﺖﺳﺍ ﻩﺩﻮﺑ (m =16)ﻰــﺳﺭﺮﺑ ﺩﺭﻮﻣ ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ

35.ﺪﻧﺍ ﻩﺩﺍﺩ ﺹﺎﺼﺘﺧﺍ ﺩﻮﺨﺑ ﻥﺍﺮــﺴﭘ ﺍﺭ ﺪﺻﺭﺩ 65/5 ﻭ ﻥﺍﺮﺘﺧﺩ

ﻪﻳﺎﭘ ﺭﺩ ﺪﺻﺭﺩ 33 ﻭ ﻡﻭﺩ ﻪﻳﺎﭘ ﺪﺻﺭﺩ 19 ،ﻝﻭﺍ ﻪﻳﺎﭘ ﻥﺎﻧﺁ ﺪــﺻﺭﺩ

ﻕﺮــﺷ ﺯﺍ ﺪﺻﺭﺩ 35/7 ﻰﮔﺪﻨﻛﺍﺮﭘ ﻊﻳﺯﻮﺗ ﺮﻈﻧ ﺯﺍ .ﺪــﻧﺍ ﻩﺩﻮﺑ ﻡﻮــﺳ

21 ﻭ ﻥﺍﺮﻬﺗ ﺏﺮﻏ ﺪﺻﺭﺩ 18 ،ﻥﺍﺮﻬﺗ ﻝﺎﻤــﺷ ﺪﺻﺭﺩ 21 ،ﻥﺍﺮﻬﺗ

.ﺪﻧﺍ ﻩﺩﻮﺑ ﻥﺍﺮﻬﺗ ﺏﻮﻨﺟ ﻖﻃﺎﻨﻣ ﺯﺍ ﺪﺻﺭﺩ

،ﺏﻮﺧ ﺍﺭ ﺩﻮــﺧ ﺖﻴﻌﺿﻭ ﺪﺻﺭﺩ 43 ﻰــﺷﺯﻮﻣﺁ ﺖﻴﻌﺿﻭ ﺮــﻈﻧ ﺯﺍ

ﻰﻟﺎﻋ ﺍﺭ ﺩﻮﺧ ﻰﺷﺯﻮﻣﺁ ﺖﻴﻌﺿﻭ ﺪﺻﺭﺩ 12 ﻭ ﻂــﺳﻮﺘﻣ ﺪﺻﺭﺩ 41

ﻰﺒﻫﺬﻣ ﺖﻴﻌﺿﻭ ﺪﺻﺭﺩ 10 ﻰــﺒﻫﺬﻣ ﺮﻈﻧ ﺯﺍ .ﺪﻧﺍ ﻩﺩﺮﻛ ﻒــﻴﺻﻮﺗ

ﺪﺻﺭﺩ 10 ﻭ ﺏﻮﺧ ﺪﺻﺭﺩ 38 ،ﻂﺳﻮﺘﻣ ﺪﺻﺭﺩ 42 ،ﻒﻴﻌﺿ ﺍﺭ ﺩﻮﺧ

.ﺪﻧﺍ ﻩﺩﺮﻛ ﻰﺑﺎﻳﺯﺭﺍ ﻰﻟﺎﻋ

ﻱﺎﻫ ﺵﺯﺭﺍ ﻩﺭﺎــﺑﺭﺩ ﻰــﺳﺭﺮﺑ ﺩﺭﻮﻣ ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ ﺮﻈﻧ 1 ﻩﺭﺎﻤــﺷ ﻝﻭﺪﺟ

ﻪﻧﻮﮕﻧﺎﻤﻫ .ﺪﻫﺩ ﻰﻣ ﻥﺎﺸﻧ ﻲﻠﻣ ،ﻲﺒﻫﺬﻣ ،ﻪﻧﺎــﺳﺭ ،ﻱﺩﺮﻓ، ﻩﺩﺍﻮﻧﺎﺧ

ﻱﺎﻫ ﺵﺯﺭﺍ ﻲﺳﺭﺮﺑ ﺩﺭﻮﻣ ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ ﺪﺻﺭﺩ 14 ﺩﻮﺷ ﻲﻣ ﻪﻈﺣﻼﻣ ﻪﻛ

ﻂــﺳﻮﺘﻣ ﺪﺻﺭﺩ 32 ﺩﻭﺪﺣ ﻭ ﻒﻴﻌﺿ ﺎﻫ ﻩﺩﺍﻮﻧﺎﺧ ﺩﺰﻧ ﺍﺭ ﻲﮔﺩﺍﻮﻧﺎﺧ

ﻱﺎﻫ ﺵﺯﺭﺍ ﺪﻌﺑ ﺭﺩ .ﺪﻧﺍ ﻩﺩﺮﻛ ﻒﻴﺻﻮﺗ ﺏﻮﺧ ﺪﺣ ﺭﺩ ﺪــﺻﺭﺩ 33 ﻭ

ﺪﺣ ﺭﺩ ﻰــﺷﺯﺭﺍ ﺮﻈﻧ ﺯﺍ ﻲــﺳﺭﺮﺑ ﺩﺭﻮﻣ ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ ﺪﺻﺭﺩ 60/1 ﻱﺩﺮﻓ

ﺭﺩ .ﺪﻧﺍ ﻩﺪﺷ ﻰﺑﺎﻳﺯﺭﺍ ﺏﻮﺧ ﻰــﺷﺯﺭﺍ ﻡﺎﻈﻧ ﺮﻈﻧ ﺯﺍ ﻥﺎﻧﺍﻮﺟﻮﻧ ﺪﺻﺭﺩ

ﺩﻮــﺷ ﻰﻣ ﻪﻈﺣﻼﻣ ﻪﻛ ﻯﺭﻮﻄﺑ ﻥﺎﻧﺍﻮﺟﻮﻧ ﻰﺒﻫﺬﻣ ﻯﺎﻫ ﺵﺯﺭﺍ ﺪﻌﺑ

ﺪﺻﺭﺩ 32/4 ،ﻒــﻴﻌﺿ ﻰﻠﻴﺧ ﻭ ﻒــﻴﻌﺿ ﺪــﺣ ﺭﺩ ﺪــﺻﺭﺩ 14/4

.ﺪﻧﺍ ﻩﺪﺷ ﻰﺑﺎﻳﺯﺭﺍ ﻰﻟﺎﻋ ﺎﺗ ﺏﻮﺧ ﺪﺣ ﺭﺩ ﺪﺻﺭﺩ 33/8 ﻭ ﻂﺳﻮﺘﻣ

ﻪﻛ ﻪﻧﻮﮕﻧﺎﻤﻫ ﺎﻫ ﻪﻧﺎــﺳﺭ ﻯﺎﻫ ﻪﻣﺎﻧﺮﺑ ﻪﺑ ﻥﺎﻧﺍﻮﺟﻮﻧ ﻞﻳﺎﻤﺗ ﺪــﻌﺑ ﺭﺩ

ﻞﻳﺎﻤﺗ ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ ﺩﺭﻮﻣ ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ ﺪــﺻﺭﺩ 11/6 ﺖــﺳﺍ ﻩﺪﻣﺁ ﻝﻭﺪﺟ ﺭﺩ

ﺪﺣ ﺭﺩ ﺎﻫ ﻪﻧﺎﺳﺭ ﻱﻮﺳ ﺯﺍ ﻩﺪــﺷ ﺡﺮﻄﻣ ﻱﺎﻫ ﺵﺯﺭﺍ ﻪﺑ ﺍﺭ ﻥﺎﻧﺍﻮﺟﻮﻧ

ﺩﺎﻳﺯ ﺪﺣ ﺭﺩ ﺪﺻﺭﺩ 44 ﻭ ﻂــﺳﻮﺘﻣ ﺪﺻﺭﺩ 32 ،ﻢﻛ ﻰﻠﻴﺧ ﻭ ﻢــﻛ

ﻰﻠﻣ ﻯﺎﻫ ﺵﺯﺭﺍ ﺱﺎﻴﻘﻣ ﻩﺩﺮﺧ ﺭﺩ.ﺪﻧﺍ ﻩﺩﺮﻛ ﻰﺑﺎﻳﺯﺭﺍ ﺩﺎﻳﺯ ﻲﻠﻴﺧ ﺎﺗ

ﺍﺭ ﻲﻠﻣ ﻱﺎﻫ ﺵﺯﺭﺍ ﻲــﺳﺭﺮﺑ ﺩﺭﻮﻣ ﺩﺍﺮﻓﺍ ﺪﺻﺭﺩ 15 ﻰــﮕﻨﻫﺮﻓ ﻭ

ﻥﺎﻧﺍﻮﺟﻮﻧ ﻩﺎﮔﺪﻳﺩ ﺯﺍ ﻩﺩﺍﻮﻧﺎﺧ ﺮﺑ ﻢﻛﺎﺣ ﻯﺎﻫ ﺵﺯﺭﺍ ﻯﺪﻨﺑ ﻪﺒﺗﺭ -2 ﻩﺭﺎﻤﺷ ﻝﻭﺪﺟ

ﻒﻳﺩﺭ ﻱﺩﺮﻓ ﻱﺎﻫ ﺵﺯﺭﺍ ﺩﺎﻳﺯ ﻲﻠﻴﺧ ﺩﺎﻳﺯ ﻂﺳﻮﺘﻣ ﻢﻛ ﻢﻛ ﻲﻠﻴﺧ ﻢﻧﺍﺩ ﻲﻤﻧ ﺺﺨﺸﻣﺎﻧ ﻊﻤﺟ ﻦﻴﮕﻧﺎﻴﻣ ﺭﺎﻴﻌﻣ ﻑﺍﺮﺤﻧﺍ f ٪ f % f % f % f % f % f % f % 1 ﻡﺎﻜــﺣﺍ ﻪــﺑ ﻞــﻤﻋ ﻥﺍﺰــﻴﻣ (..ﻭ ﻩﺯﻭﺭ ﻭ ﺯﺎﻤﻧ)ﻲﻣﻼــﺳﺍ ﻦﻳﺪﻟﺍﻭﻂﺳﻮﺗ 460 46/7 269 27/3 151 15/3 45 4/6 30 3 17 1/7 12 1/4 984 100 4/06 1/17 2 ﻪﺑﻦﻳﺪﻟﺍﻭﻱﺪﻨﺒﻳﺎﭘﻥﺍﺰﻴﻣ ﻲﮕﻨﻫﺮﻓﻭﻲﻗﻼﺧﺍﻱﺎﻫﺵﺯﺭﺍ 349 35/5 366 37/2 184 18/7 32 3/2 7 0/7 31 3/2 15 1/5 984 100 3/96 1/13 3 ﻦﻳﺪﻟﺍﻭﻲﺒﻫﺬﻣﺕﺍﺩﺎﻘﺘﻋﺍﻥﺍﺰﻴﻣ 283 28/8 357 36/3 270 27/4 26 2/6 24 2/4 22 2/2 2 0/03 984 100 3/79 1/12 4 ﺖﻛﺮﺷﻪﺑﻦﻳﺪﻟﺍﻭﻞﻳﺎﻤﺗ ﻲﺒﻫﺬـﻣﻱﺎﻫﻪـﻣﺎـﻧﺮـﺑﺭﺩ (... ﻭﺎﻋﺩ،ﺖﻋﺎﻤﺟﺯﺎﻤﻧ) 222 22/2 254 25/8 284 28/9 111 11/3 89 7/8 22 2/2 10 1 984 100 3/34 1/37 5 ﻪﺑﻦﻳﺪﻟﺍﻭﺖﻴــﺳﺎﺴﺣﻥﺍﺰــﻴﻣ ﺮﺘﺧﺩﻭﺮﺴﭘﻲﺘﺳﻭﺩ 322 32/7 199 19/3 173 17/6 89 9 136 13/8 64 6/5 1 1/7 984 100 3/29 1/64 6 ﺩﺰﻧﺭﺩﺎــﭼﻪﺑﻡﺍﺮــﺘﺣﺍﻥﺍﺰــﻴﻣ ﻦﻳﺪﻟﺍﻭ 265 26/9 199 20/2 248 25/2 111 11/3 108 11 44 4/5 9 1 984 100 3/28 1/48 7 ﻪــﺑﻦــﻳﺪﻟﺍﻭﻡﺍﺮــﺘﺣﺍﻥﺍﺰــﻴﻣ ﻲﻨﻳﺩﻱﺎﻤﻠﻋﻭﺖﻴﻧﺎﺣﻭﺭ 137 13/9 190 19/3 296 30/1 122 12/4 186 18/9 46 4/7 7 0/7 984 100 2/83 1/43 8 ﻦﻳﺪﻟﺍﻭﻱﺮﻴﮔﺖﺨــﺳﻥﺍﺰــﻴﻣ ﻩﺭﺍﻮﻫﺎﻣﺯﺍﻥﺍﺪﻧﺯﺮﻓﻩﺩﺎﻔﺘﺳﺍﺭﺩ ﺖﻧﺮﺘﻨﻳﺍﻭ 130 13/2 146 14/8 286 29/1 189 19/2 188 19/1 41 4/2 4 0/4 984 100 2/71 1/39 9 ﻪﺑﻩﺩﺍﻮــﻧﺎﺧﺶــﻳﺍﺮﮔﻥﺍﺰــﻴﻣ ،ﺱﺎﺒﻟﺭﺩﻲــﺑﺮﻏﻱﺎــﻫﺵﺯﺭﺍ ﺮﻫﺎﻇﻭﺭﺎﺘﻓﺭ 45 4/6 251 25/5 212 21/5 274 27/8 114 11/6 84 8/5 4 0/5 984 100 2/58 1/34 10 ﻪــﺑﻦــﻳﺪﻟﺍﻭﻞــﻳﺎﻤﺗﻥﺍﺰــﻴﻣ ﺲﻟﺎﺠﻣﺭﺩﻥﺍﺪــﻧﺯﺮﻓﺖﻛﺮــﺷ (ﻂﻠﺘﺨﻣﺲﻟﺎﺠﻣ) ﺩﺎﺷ 48 4/9 149 15/1 158 16/1 326 33/1 157 16 139 14/1 7 0/3 984 100 2/17 1/38

ﻥﺎﻧﺍﻮﺟﻮﻧ ﻯﺎﻫ ﺵﺯﺭﺍ ﻩﺭﺎﺑﺭﺩ ﻰﺳﺭﺮﺑ ﺩﺭﻮﻣ ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ ﺮﻈﻧ -1 ﻩﺭﺎﻤﺷ ﻝﻭﺪﺟ

ﺪﺻﺭﺩ 26 ،ﻒﻴﻌﺿ ﻰــﻠﻴﺧ ﻭ ﻒﻴﻌﺿ ﺪﺣ ﺭﺩ ﻥﺎــﻧﺍﻮﺟﻮﻧ ﻦــﻴﺑ ﺭﺩ

.ﺪﻧﺍ ﻩﺩﺮﻛ ﻒﻴﺻﻮﺗ ﻰﻟﺎﻋ ﺪﺻﺭﺩ 16 ﻭ ﺏﻮﺧ ﺪﺻﺭﺩ 39 ،ﻂﺳﻮﺘﻣ

ﻲــﺷﺯﺭﺍ ﺮﻈﻧ ﺯﺍ ﻲــﺳﺭﺮﺑ ﺩﺭﻮﻣ ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ ﺪﺻﺭﺩ 10/6 ﻉﻮﻤﺠﻣ ﺭﺩ

ﺪﺣ ﺭﺩ ﺪﺻﺭﺩ 28 ﻭ ﻂــﺳﻮﺘﻣ ﺪﺣ ﺭﺩ ﺪﺻﺭﺩ 27 ،ﻒﻴﻌﺿ ﺪــﺣ ﺭﺩ

ﺰﻴﻧ ﺪﺻﺭﺩ 23 ﻪﻜﻨﻳﺍ ﻦــﻤﺿ .ﺪﻧﺍ ﻩﺩﻮﺑ ﻰﻟﺎﻋ ﺪﺻﺭﺩ 12 ﻭ ﺏﻮــﺧ

ﺖﺳﺍ ﻡﺯﻻ ﻪﺘﻜﻧ ﻦﻳﺍ ﺢﻴﺿﻮﺗ .ﺪﻧﺍ ﻩﺩﺮﻜﻧ ﺺﺨﺸﻣ ﺍﺭ ﺩﻮﺧ ﺕﺍﺮﻈﻧ ﻪﻛ ﺖﺳﺍ ﻦﻳﺍ ﺺﺨــﺸﻣﺎﻧ ﻱﺎﻫ ﺦــﺳﺎﭘ ﺪﺻﺭﺩ ﻥﺩﻮﺑﻻﺎﺑ ﺖﻠﻋ ﻪﻛ ﺯﺍ ﻝﺍﻮــﺳ ﺪﻨﭼ ﺎﻳ ﻭ ﻚﻳ ﻪﺑ ﺎﻫ ﻲﻧﺩﻮﻣﺯﺁ ﺯﺍ ﻚﻳﺮﻫ ﻪﻛ ﻲﺗﺭﻮﺻ ﺭﺩ ﺭﺩ ﺪﺷﺎﺑ ﻩﺩﺍﺪﻧ ﺦﺳﺎﭘ ﺎﻫ ﺱﺎﻴﻘﻣ ﻩﺩﺮﺧ ﺯﺍ ﻲﻜﻳ ﺕﻻﺍﻮﺳ ﻪﻋﻮﻤﺠﻣ ﺱﺎــﺳﺍ ﻦﻳﺍ ﺮﺑ .ﺩﺍﺩ ﺪﻫﺍﻮﺣ ﻥﺎــﺸﻧ ﺍﺭ ﺵﺩﻮﺧ ﺱﺎﻴﻘﻣ ﻞﻛ ﻩﺮﻤﻧ ﻩﺩﺍﺩ ﺦﺳﺎﭘ ﺕﻻﺍﻮــﺳ ﺯﺍ ﻱﺩﺍﺪﻌﺗ ﻪﺑ ﺎﻫ ﺱﺎﻴﻘﻣ ﻩﺩﺮﺧ ﺯﺍ ﻚﻳﺮﻫ ﺭﺩ ﺦﺳﺎﭘ ﺕﻻﺍﻮﺳ ﺩﺍﺪﻌﺗ ﻞﻛ ﻩﺮﻤﻧ ﺭﺩ ﻞﻴﻟﺩ ﻦﻴﻤﻫ ﻪﺑ ﻭ ﺖﺳﺍ ﻩﺪــﺸﻧ ﺺﺨﺸﻣﺎﻧ ﺕﺭﻮﺻ ﻪﺑ ﺎﺠﻨﻳﺍ ﺭﺩ ﻪﻛ ﻪﺘــﺷﺍﺩ ﺶﻳﺍﺰﻓﺍ ﻩﺪــﺸﻧ ﻩﺩﺍﺩ .ﺖﺳﺍ ﻩﺪﺷ ﻱﺪﻨﺑ ﻪﻘﺒﻃ

ﻯﺎﻫ ﺵﺯﺭﺍ ﺩﺭﻮﻣ ﺭﺩ ﺍﺭ ﻰﺳﺭﺮﺑ ﺩﺭﻮﻣ ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ ﺕﺍﺮﻈﻧ 2 ﻩﺭﺎﻤﺷ ﻝﻭﺪﺟ

ﺩﺩﺮﮔ ﻰﻣ ﻪﻈﺣﻼﻣ ﻪﻛ ﻯﺭﻮﻄﺑ .ﺪﻫﺩ ﻰﻣ ﻥﺎــﺸﻧ ﻩﺩﺍﻮﻧﺎﺧ ﺮﺑ ﻢﻛﺎﺣ

ﻂﺳﻮﺗ ﻰﻣﻼﺳﺍ ﻡﺎﻜﺣﺍ ﻪﺑ ﻞﻤﻋ ﺐﻴﺗﺮﺗ ﻪﺑ ﺍﺭ ﺎﻫ ﻦﻴﮕﻧﺎﻴﻣ ﻦﻳﺮﺗﻻﺎﺑ

ﻰﮕﻨﻫﺮﻓ ﻭ ﻰﻗﻼﺧﺍ ﻯﺎﻫ ﺵﺯﺭﺍ ﻪﺑ ﻯﺪﻨﺒﻳﺎﭘ ،(m =4/6) ﻦﻳﺪﻟﺍﻭ

ﻪﺑ ﻞﻳﺎﻤﺗ(m=3/79) ﻦﻳﺪﻟﺍﻭ ﻰــﺒﻫﺬﻣ ﺕﺍﺩﺎﻘﺘﻋﺍ (m =3/96)

ﻦﻴﮕﻧﺎﻴﻣ ﻦﻳﺮﺗ ﻦﻴﺋﺎﭘ ﻭ ﻰﺒﻫﺬﻣ ﻢﺳﺍﺮﻣ ﻭ ﺎﻫ ﻪﻣﺎﻧﺮﺑ ﺭﺩ ﺎﻬﻧﺁ ﺖﻛﺮﺷ

،(m=1/45) ﺎﻫ ﻩﺩﺍﻮﻧﺎﺧ ﺩﺰﻧ ﺕﻭﺮﺛ ﻭ ﻝﻮﭘ ﺪﻨﻧﺎﻣ ﻯﺩﺎﻣ ﻯﺎﻫ ﺵﺯﺭﺍ

ﻞﻳﺎﻤﺗﻭ (m=2/11)ﻰﺟﺭﺎﺧ ﻭ ﻰﻧﺍﺮﻳﺍ ﻯﺎﻫﻮﺷ ﻯﺎﺷﺎﻤﺗ ﻪﺑ ﻞﻳﺎﻤﺗ

(m =2/17)(…ﻭ ﻯﺩﺎــﺷ) ﺲﻟﺎﺠﻣ ﺭﺩ ﻥﺍﺪــﻧﺯﺮﻓ ﺖﻛﺮــﺷ ﻪﺑ

ﻦﻳﺪﻟﺍﻭ ﻞﻳﺎﻤﺗ ﺪــﻨﻧﺎﻣ ﻲﻳﺎﻫ ﺵﺯﺭﺍ .ﺖــﺳﺍ ﻩﺩﺍﺩ ﺹﺎﺼﺘﺧﺍ ﺩﻮﺨﺑ

ﺮﺘﺧﺩ ﻲﺘﺳﻭﺩ ﻪﺑ ﺖﻴﺳﺎﺴﺣ ،ﻲﺒﻫﺬﻣ ﻱﺎﻫ ﻪﻣﺎﻧﺮﺑ ﺭﺩ ﺖﻛﺮــﺷ ﻪﺑ

،ﻥﻮﻴﻧﺎﺣﻭﺭ ﻭ ﻲﺒﻫﺬﻣ ﻱﺎﻤﻠﻋ ﻪﺑ ﻡﺍﺮﺘﺣﺍ ،ﺭﺩﺎﭼ ﻪﺑ ﻡﺍﺮﺘﺣﺍ ،ﺮــﺴﭘ ﻭ

ﺶﻳﺍﺮﮔ ،ﺖﻧﺮﺘﻨﻳﺍ ﻭ ﻩﺭﺍﻮﻫﺎﻣ ﺯﺍ ﻥﺍﺪﻧﺯﺮﻓ ﻩﺩﺎﻔﺘﺳﺍ ﺭﺩ ﻱﺮﻴﮔ ﺖﺨﺳ

ﺎﺗ ﻡﺭﺎﻬﭼ ﻱﺎﻫ ﻪﺒﺗﺭ ﻦﻳﺪﻟﺍﻭ ﻂــﺳﻮﺗ ﻲﺑﺮﻏ ﻱﺎﻫ ﺵﺯﺭﺍ ﻪﺑ ﻦﻳﺪﻟﺍﻭ

ﻦﻳﺪﻟﺍﻭ ﻥﺍﺯﻮﻣﺁ ﺶﻧﺍﺩ ﺪﺻﺭﺩ 74 ﺮﻈﻧ ﺯﺍ .ﺪﻧﺍ ﻩﺩﺭﻭﺁ ﺖﺳﺪﺑ ﺍﺭ ﻢﻬﻧ

ﻥﺍﺰﻴﻣ .ﺪﻧﺭﺍﺩ ﺶﻳﺍﺮﮔ ﻲﻣﻼﺳﺍ ﻡﺎﻜﺣﺍ ﻪﺑ ﺩﺎﻳﺯ ﻲﻠﻴﺧ ﻭ ﺩﺎﻳﺯ ﺪﺣ ﺭﺩ

74/5 ﺮﻈﻧ ﺯﺍ ﻲﮕﻨﻫﺮﻓ ﻭ ﻲﻗﻼﺧﺍ ﻱﺎﻫ ﺵﺯﺭﺍ ﻪﺑ ﻦﻳﺪﻟﺍﻭ ﻱﺪﻨﺒﻳﺎﭘ

65/1 .ﺖﺳﺍ ﻩﺩﻮﺑ ﺩﺎﻳﺯ ﻲﻠﻴﺧ ﻭ ﺩﺎﻳﺯ ﺪﺣ ﺭﺩ ﻥﺎﻧﺁ ﻥﺍﺪﻧﺯﺮﻓ ﺪﺻﺭﺩ

ﻥﺎــﺷ ﻦﻳﺪﻟﺍﻭ ﻲﺒﻫﺬﻣ ﺕﺍﺩﺎﻘﺘﻋﺍ ﻪﻛ ﺪﻧﺍ ﻪﺘﻔﮔ ﻥﺍﺯﻮﻣﺁ ﺶﻧﺍﺩ ﺪﺻﺭﺩ

ﻱﺎﻫ ﻩﺩﺍﻮﻧﺎﺧ ﻪﻛ ﺪــﻧﺪﻘﺘﻌﻣ ﺪﺻﺭﺩ 6/2.ﺖــﺳﺍ ﺩﺎﻳﺯ ﻲﻠﻴﺧ ﻭ ﺩﺎﻳﺯ

ﻥﺎﻧﺍﻮﺟﻮﻧ ﻦﻴﺑ ﺭﺩ ﻯﺩﺮﻓ ﻯﺎﻫ ﺵﺯﺭﺍ ﻯﺪﻨﺑ ﻪﺒﺗﺭ -3 ﻩﺭﺎﻤﺷ ﻝﻭﺪﺟ

19/9 ﺮﻈﻧ ﻪﺑ .ﺪﻨﻫﺩ ﻲﻣ ﻱﺩﺎــﻳﺯ ﺖﻴﻤﻫﺍ ﺕﻭﺮﺛ ﻭ ﻝﻮﭘ ﻪﺑ ﻥﺎــﻧﺁ

ﻲﻧﺍﺮﻳﺍ ﻱﺎﻫﻮﺷ ﻱﺎــﺷﺎﻤﺗ ﻪﺑ ﺎﻫ ﻩﺩﺍﻮﻧﺎﺧ ﻞﻳﺎﻤﺗﺎﻫ ﻲﻧﺩﻮﻣﺯﺁ ﺪﺻﺭﺩ

ﻥﺎﻧﺁ ﺪﺻﺭﺩ 20 ﻭ ﺖــﺳﺍ ﺩﺎﻳﺯ ﻲﻠﻴﺧ ﻭ ﺩﺎــﻳﺯ ﺪﺣ ﺭﺩ ﻲــﺟﺭﺎﺧ ﻭ

ﻂﻠﺘﺨﻣ ﺲﻟﺎﺠﻣ ﺭﺩ ﻥﺎــﺸﻧﺍﺪﻧﺯﺮﻓ ﺖﻛﺮــﺷ ﻪﺑ ﻱﺩﺎﻳﺯ ﻞﻳﺎﻤﺗ ﺰﻴﻧ

.ﺪﻧﺍ ﻪﺘﺷﺍﺩ

ﺎﺑ ﻪﻄﺑﺍﺭ ﺭﺩ ﺍﺭ ﻰــﺳﺭﺮﺑ ﺩﺭﻮﻣ ﻪــﻧﻮﻤﻧ ﺕﺍﺮﻈﻧ 3 ﻩﺭﺎﻤــﺷ ﻝﻭﺪﺟ

ﻪﻜﻳﺭﻮﻄﺑ .ﺪــﻫﺩ ﻰﻣ ﻞﻴﻜــﺸﺗ ﻥﺎــﻧﺍﻮﺟﻮﻧ ﻯﺩﺮــﻓ ﻯﺎــﻫ ﺵﺯﺭﺍ

ﻭ ﻥﺍﺪﻨﻣﺮﻨﻫ ﻪــﺑ ﻪﻗﻼﻋ ﺍﺭ ﻪــﺒﺗﺭ ﻦﻳﺮﺗﻻﺎﺑ ﺩﻮــﺷ ﻰﻣ ﻪــﻈﺣﻼﻣ

ﻱﺎﻫﻮﮕﻟﺍ ﻪــﻓﺎﻴﻗ ﻪﺑ ﻞﻳﺎﻤﺗ (m=4/16) ﻰــﺟﺭﺎﺧ ﻥﺎﮔﺪــﻨﻧﺍﻮﺧ

ﺭﺩ ﻲﮔﺪﻧﺯ ﻭ ﺕﺮﻓﺎــﺴﻣ ﻪــﺑ ﻱﺪــﻨﻣ ﻪﻗﻼﻋ (m=1/76) ﻲــﺑﺮﻏ

ﻦﺘــﺷﺍﺩ ﺍﺭ ﺎﻫ ﻪﺒﺗﺭ ﻦﻳﺮﺗ ﻦﻴﺋﺎﭘ ﻭ (m=1/35)ﻲﺑﺮﻏ ﻱﺎﻫﺭﻮــﺸﻛ

ﺕﻭﺮﺛ ﻭ ﻝﻮــﭘ ﻪﺑ ﻪﻗﻼﻋ (m=0/70) ﺎــﺒﻳﺯ ﻭ ﻚﻴــﺷ ﻦﻴــﺷﺎﻣ

ﻲــﺑﺮﻏ ﻱﺎﻫ ﻲﻘﻴــﺳﻮﻣ ﻪــﺑ ﻱﺪــﻨﻣ ﻪﻗﻼﻋ ﻭ (m=0/79)ﺩﺎــﻳﺯ

ﺖﺳﺪﺑ ﺞﻳﺎﺘﻧ ﺱﺎــﺳﺍﺮﺑ .ﺪﻧﺍ ﻩﺩﺍﺩ ﺹﺎﺼﺘﺧﺍ ﺩﻮﺧ ﻪﺑ(m=0/99)

ﺭﺎﻬﻇﺍ ﻥﺎﻧﺍﻮﺟﻮﻧ ﺯﺍ ﺪﺻﺭﺩ 78 ﺩﻭﺪﺣ ﻪﻛ ﺩﻮــﺷ ﻲﻣ ﻪﻈﺣﻼﻣ ﻩﺪﻣﺁ

ﻥﺎﮔﺪﻨﻧﺍﻮﺧ ﻭ ﻥﺍﺪﻨﻣﺮﻨﻫ ﻪﺑ ﺩﺎﻳﺯ ﻲﻠﻴﺧ ﻭ ﺩﺎﻳﺯ ﺪﺣ ﺭﺩ ﻪﻛ ﺪﻧﺍ ﻩﺩﻮﻤﻧ

ﺪﺻﺭﺩ 17/6 ﻪﻛ ﺖﺳﺍ ﻲﻟﺎﺣﺭﺩ ﻦﻳﺍ .ﺪﻨﺘــﺴﻫ ﺪﻨﻣ ﻪﻗﻼﻋ ﻲﺟﺭﺎﺧ

ﻪﺘــﺷﺍﺩ ﻲﺑﺮﻏ ﻱﺎﻫﻮﮕﻟﺍ ﻪﻓﺎﻴﻗ ﻪﺑ ﻞﻳﺎﻤﺗ ﺩﺎﻳﺯ ﻲﻠﻴﺧ ﻭ ﺩﺎﻳﺯ ﺪﺣ ﺭﺩ

ﺭﺩ ﺕﺮﻓﺎﺴﻣ ﻭ ﻲﮔﺪﻧﺯ ﻪﺑ ﺩﺎﻳﺯ ﻲﻠﻴﺧ ﻭ ﺩﺎﻳﺯ ﺪﺣ ﺭﺩ ﺪﺻﺭﺩ 11/7ﻭ

..ﺪﻨﻨﻛ ﻲﻣ ﻪﻗﻼﻋ ﺭﺎﻬﻇﺍ ﻲﺑﺮﻏ ﻱﺎﻫﺭﻮﺸﻛ

ﻪﺑ ﻪﺟﻮﺗ ﺎﺑ ﻲﻧﺩﻮﻣﺯﺁ ﻱﺎﻫ ﻩﻭﺮﮔ ﻦﻴﺑ ﺎﻳﺁ ﻪﻜﻨﻳﺍ ﻲــﺳﺭﺮﺑ ﺭﻮﻈﻨﻣ ﻪﺑ

ﺎﻫ ﻲﻧﺩﻮﻣﺯﺁ ﺕﺍﺮﻤﻧ ﺎﺑ ﻩﺩﺍﻮﻧﺎﺧ ﻱﺎﻫ ﺵﺯﺭﺍ ﺭﺩ ﻥﺎﻧﺁ ﻩﺮﻤﻧ ﻦﻴﮕﻧﺎﻴﻣ

ﺩﻮﺟﻭ ﺭﺍﺩﺎﻨﻌﻣ ﺕﻭﺎﻔﺗ ﺎــﻫ ﺵﺯﺭﺍ ﻪﻣﺎﻨــﺸﺳﺮﭘ ﻱﺎﻫ ﺱﺎﻴﻘﻣ ﺮﻳﺯ ﺭﺩ

ﺭﺩ .ﺪــﺷ ﻡﺎﺠﻧﺍ ﻪﻓﺮﻃ ﻚﻳ ﺲﻧﺎﻳﺭﺍﻭ ﻞﻴﻠﺤﺗ ﻥﻮﻣﺯﺁ ﺮﻴﺧ ﺎــﻳ ﺩﺭﺍﺩ

ﺭﺩ ﺎﻬﻧﺁ ﻱﺎﻫ ﺵﺯﺭﺍ ﻩﺮــﻤﻧ ﻪﺑ ﻪﺟﻮﺗ ﺎﺑ ﺎــﻫ ﻲﻧﺩﻮﻣﺯﺁ ﻲــﺳﺭﺮﺑ ﻦﻳﺍ

،ﻂــﺳﻮﺘﻣ ،ﻒﻴﻌﺿ ،ﻒﻴﻌﺿ ﻲﻠﻴﺧ ﻱﺎﻫ ﻩﻭﺮﮔ ﺭﺩ ﻩﺩﺍﻮﻧﺎﺧ ﻪــﻄﻴﺣ

ﺭﺩ ﺎﻬﻫﻭﺮﮔ ﻦﻴﺑ ﻪﻛ ﺩﺍﺩ ﻥﺎــﺸﻧ ﺞﻳﺎﺘﻧ .ﺪﻨﺘﻓﺮﮔ ﺭﺍﺮﻗ ﻲﻟﺎﻋ ﻭ ﺏﻮﺧ

ﺎﻫ ﺵﺯﺭﺍ ﻪﻣﺎﻨــﺸﺳﺮﭘ ﻱﺎﻫ ﺱﺎﻴﻘﻣ ﺮﻳﺯ ﺭﺩ ﻥﺎﻧﺁ ﺕﺍﺮﻤﻧ ﻦﻴﮕﻧﺎﻴﻣ

ﺕﻭﺎﻔﺗ (ﻞﻛ ﻭ ﻲﻠﻣ ،ﻱﺍ ﻪﻧﺎﺳﺭ ،ﻲﺒﻫﺬﻣ ،ﻲﻋﺎﻤﺘﺟﺍ ،ﻱﺩﺮﻓ :ﻞﻣﺎﺷ)

.ﺩﺭﺍﺩ ﺩﻮﺟﻭ ﺭﺍﺩﺎﻨﻌﻣ

ﻱﺎﻫ ﻩﻭﺮﮔﺯﺍ ﻚــﻴﻣﺍﺪﻛ ﻦﻴﺑ ﺕﻭﺎــﻔﺗ ﻪﻜﻨﻳﺍ ﻲــﺳﺭﺮﺑ ﺭﻮﻈﻨﻣ ﻪــﺑ

ﻩﺩﺍﻮﻧﺎﺧ ﻱﺎﻫ ﺵﺯﺭﺍ ﺭﺩ ﻥﺎﻧﺁ ﻩﺮﻤﻧ ﻦﻴﮕﻧﺎﻴﻣ ﻪﺑ ﻪﺟﻮﺗ ﺎﺑ ﻲــﻧﺩﻮﻣﺯﺁ

ﺎﻫ ﺵﺯﺭﺍ ﻪﻣﺎﻨــﺸﺳﺮﭘ ﻱﺎﻫ ﺱﺎﻴﻘﻣ ﺮﻳﺯ ﺭﺩ ﺎﻫ ﻲﻧﺩﻮﻣﺯﺁ ﺕﺍﺮﻤﻧ ﺎــﺑ

.ﺖﻓﺮﮔ ﺕﺭﻮﺻ ﻪﻔــﺷ ﻥﻮﻣﺯﺁ ﺮﻴﺧ ﺎﻳ ؟ﺩﺭﺍﺩ ﺩﻮﺟﻭ ﺭﺍﺩﺎﻨﻌﻣ ﺕﻭﺎﻔﺗ

ﻱﺎﻫ ﻲﻧﺩﻮﻣﺯﺁ ﻩﻭﺮﮔ ﻦﻴﺑ ﻱﺩﺮﻓ ﻱﺎﻫ ﺵﺯﺭﺍ ﺭﺩ ﻪﻛ ﺩﺍﺩ ﻥﺎﺸﻧ ﺞﻳﺎﺘﻧ

ﺎﺑ ﻩﻭﺮﮔ ﺎﺑ (m=13/5 ﻭ n=316) ﻩﺩﺍﻮﻧﺎﺧ ﺭﺩ ﻂــﺳﻮﺘﻣ ﺵﺯﺭﺍ ﺎﺑ

ﺕﻭﺎﻔﺗ (m=16/1 ﻭ n=147) ﻩﺩﺍﻮــﻧﺎﺧ ﺭﺩ ﻲــﻟﺎﻋ ﻱﺎﻫ ﺵﺯﺭﺍ

ﻱﺎﻫ ﻲﻧﺩﻮﻣﺯﺁ ﺮﮕﻳﺩ ﺕﺭﺎﺒﻋ ﻪﺑ .(p=0/038) ﺩﺭﺍﺩ ﺩﻮﺟﻭ ﺭﺍﺩﺎــﻨﻌﻣ

ﻱﺩﺮﻓ ﻱﺎــﻫ ﺵﺯﺭﺍ ﻱﺍﺭﺍﺩ ﻩﺩﺍﻮــﻧﺎﺧ ﺵﺯﺭﺍ ﺭﺩ ﻂــﺳﻮﺘﻣ ﻩﻭﺮــﮔ

.ﺪﻧﺩﻮﺑ ﻲﻟﺎﻋ ﻱﺎﻫ ﻲﻧﺩﻮﻣﺯﺁ ﻩﻭﺮﮔ ﺎﺑ ﻪﺴﻳﺎﻘﻣ ﺭﺩ ﻱﺮﺗ ﻦﻴﺋﺎﭘ

ﻯﺮﻴﮔ

ﻪﺠﻴﺘﻧ

ﻭ

ﺚﺤﺑ

ﻱﺎﻫ ﺵﺯﺭﺍ ﻪﻛ ﺩﺍﺩ ﻥﺎــﺸﻧ ﻖﻴﻘﺤﺗ ﻦﻳﺍ ﺭﺩ ﻩﺪــﻣﺁ ﺖــﺳﺪﺑ ﺞﻳﺎﺘﻧ

ﻭ ﻲﻋﺎﻤﺘﺟﺍ ،ﻱﺩﺮﻓ ﻱﺎﻫ ﺵﺯﺭﺍ ﻪﺑ ﻥﺎﻧﺍﻮﺟﻮﻧ ﺶﻳﺍﺮﮔ ﺭﺩ ﻩﺩﺍﻮــﻧﺎﺧ

ﺎﻫ ﺵﺯﺭﺍ ﻡﺎﻈﻧ ﺭﺩ ﻪﻛ ﻰﻧﺎﻧﺍﻮﺟﻮﻧ ﺮﮕﻳﺩ ﺕﺭﺎﺒﻋ ﻪﺑ. ﺩﺭﺍﺩ ﺮﻴﺛﺎﺗ ﻲﻠﻣ

ﻩﺮﻤﻧ ﺰﻴﻧ ﻩﺩﺍﻮﻧﺎﺧ ﻯﺎﻫ ﺵﺯﺭﺍ ﺭﺩ ﺪــﻧﺍ ﻩﺩﺮﻛ ﺐــﺴﻛ ﻯﺮﺗﻻﺎﺑ ﻩﺮﻤﻧ

ﻯﺎﻫ ﺱﺎﻴﻘﻣ ﻩﺩﺮﺧ ﻦﻴﺑ ﺲﻧﺎﻳﺭﺍﻭ ﻞﻴﻠﺤﺗ ﺭﺩ .ﺪﻧﺍ ﻪﺘــﺷﺍﺩ ﻯﺮﺗﻻﺎﺑ

ﻯﺎﻫ ﺵﺯﺭﺍ ﺱﺎﻴﻘﻣ ﻩﺩﺮﺧ ﺎﺑ (ﺎﻫ ﺵﺯﺭﺍ) ﻪﺘﺧﺎﺳ ﻖﻘﺤﻣ ﻪﻣﺎﻨﺸﺳﺮﭘ

ﻪﻤﻫ ﺭﺩ ﺎﻫ ﻩﻭﺮﮔ ﻦﻴﮕﻧﺎﻴﻣ ﺕﻭﺎﻔﺗ ﻪﻛ ﺪــﺷ ﺺﺨــﺸﻣ ﻰﮔﺩﺍﻮﻧﺎﺧ

ﺭﺍﺩﺎﻨﻌﻣ ﻰﮔﺩﺍﻮﻧﺎﺧ ﻯﺎﻫ ﺵﺯﺭﺍ ﺎﺑ ﻪﻣﺎﻨــﺸﺳﺮﭘ ﻯﺎﻫ ﺱﺎﻴﻘﻣ ﻩﺩﺮﺧ

ﻪﻣﺎﻨــﺸﺳﺮﭘ ﻯﺎﻫ ﺱﺎﻴﻘﻣ ﻩﺩﺮــﺧ ﻦﻴﺑ ﺕﻭﺎﻔﺗ ﻦــﻳﺍ .ﺖــﺳﺍ ﻩﺩﻮﺑ

ﺎﺑ ،ﻰﺒﻫﺬﻣ ﻯﺎــﻫ ﺵﺯﺭﺍ ﺎــﺑ ،ﻯﺩﺮــﻓ ﻯﺎﻫ ﺵﺯﺭﺍ ﺎــﺑ ﺎــﻫ ﺵﺯﺭﺍ

ﺭﺍﺩﺎﻨﻌﻣ ﺰﻴﻧ (ﻰﮕﻨﻫﺮﻓ) ﻰﻠﻣ ﻯﺎﻫ ﺵﺯﺭﺍ ﺎﺑ ﻭ ﻯﺍ ﻪﻧﺎﺳﺭ ﻯﺎﻫ ﺵﺯﺭﺍ

ﻯﺎﻫ ﺵﺯﺭﺍ ﺮﻳﺎــﺳ ﺩﺭﻮﻣ ﺭﺩ ﻪﺠﻴﺘﻧ ﻦﻳﺍ ﻩﻭﻼــﻋ ﻪﺑ .ﺖــﺳﺍ ﻩﺩﻮﺑ

ﻯﺮﺗﻻﺎﺑ ﻩﺮﻤﻧ ﻪﻛ ﻰﻧﺎﻧﺍﻮﺟﻮﻧ ﻰﻨﻌﻳ .ﺖﺳﺍ ﻩﺪﺷ ﺪﻴﺋﺎﺗ ﺰﻴﻧ ﻥﺎﻧﺍﻮﺟﻮﻧ

ﻰﺒﻫﺬﻣ ،ﻰﮕﻨﻫﺮﻓ ﻯﺎﻫ ﺵﺯﺭﺍ ﺪﻌﺑ ﺭﺩ ﺪﻧﺍ ﻪﺘﺷﺍﺩ ﺎﻫ ﺵﺯﺭﺍ ﻡﺎﻈﻧ ﺭﺩ

ﻱﺎﻫ ﻪﺘﻓﺎﻳ ﺎﺑ ﺞﻳﺎﺘﻧ ﻦﻳﺍ .ﺪﻧﺍ ﻪﺘﺷﺍﺩ ﻯﺮﺗﻻﺎﺑ ﻩﺮﻤﻧ ﺰﻴﻧ ﻰﻋﺎﻤﺘﺟﺍ ﻭ

ﺯﺍ .ﺖﺳﺍ ﻪﺘﺷﺍﺩ ﻲﻧﺍﻮﺨﻤﻫ ﺰﻴﻧ ﺕﺎﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ ﺮﻳﺎــﺳ ﺭﺩ ﻩﺪﻣﺁ ﺖــﺳﺪﺑ

ﺭﺩ [7] ﺮﻓ ﻯﺩﻮﻌــﺴﻣ ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ ﻪﺑ ﻥﺍﻮﺗ ﻰﻣ ﺕﺎﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ ﻦــﻳﺍ ﻪﻠﻤﺟ

ﺶﻳﺍﺮﮔ ﻭ ﺎﻬﻧﺁ ﻦــﻳﺪﻟﺍﻭ ﻭ ﻥﺎﻧﺍﻮﺟﻮﻧ ﻯﺩﺎــﻘﺘﻋﺍ ﺭﺎﻜﻓﺍ ﺹﻮــﺼﺧ

ﺭﺩ [15] ﺭﻮﭘ ﻥﺍﺩﺮﻣ ﻪــﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ ،[7] ﻪﻧﺎﮕﻴﺑ ﮓﻨﻫﺮﻓ ﻪــﺑ ﻥﺎﻧﺍﻮﺟﻮﻧ

ﺮﺑ ﻢﻛﺎﺣ ﻱﺎﻫ ﺵﺯﺭﺍ ﻦﻴﺑ ﺲﻧﺎﻳﺭﺍﻭ ﻞﻴﻠﺤﺗ -4 ﻩﺭﺎﻤﺷ ﻝﻭﺪﺟ

ﻪﺘﺧﺎﺳ ﻖﻘﺤﻣ ﻪﻣﺎﻨﺸﺳﺮﭘ ﻱﺎﻫ ﺱﺎﻴﻘﻣ ﻩﺩﺮﺧ ﺎﺑ ﻩﺩﺍﻮﻧﺎﺧ

ﻱﺩﺍﺯﺁﻪﺟﺭﺩ

f Sig

ﻯﺩﺮﻓﻱﺎﻫﺵﺯﺭﺍ

4ﻭ913 3/103

0/015

ﻲﺒﻫﺬﻣﻱﺎﻫﺵﺯﺭﺍ

4ﻭ847 17/260

0</001

ﻱﺍﻪﻧﺎﺳﺭﻱﺎﻫﺵﺯﺭﺍ

4ﻭ807 4/658

0/001

ﻲﮕﻨﻫﺮﻓﻭﻲﻠﻣﻯﺎﻫﺵﺯﺭﺍ

4ﻭ901 47/771

ﻥﺍﺮﻬﺗ ﺮﻬﺷ ﻯﺎﻬﻧﺎﺘــﺳﺮﻴﺑﺩ ﻥﺍﺯﻮﻣﺁ ﺶﻧﺍﺩ ﺕﻼﻜــﺸﻣ ﺹﻮﺼﺧ

ﺹﻮﺼﺧ ﺭﺩ [2] ﺭﻮﭘ ﻊﻴﻓﺭ ﻪــﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ ،[15] ،ﺖﻳﻮﻫ ﺹﻮــﺼﺧ ﺭﺩ

ﺎﻬﻫﺍﺭ ﺹﻮﺼﺧ ﺭﺩ [6] ﻲﻟﻮﺳﺭ ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ ،ﻥﺎﻧﺍﻮﺟ ﻯﺎﻫ ﺵﺯﺭﺍ ﺮﻴﻴﻐﺗ

ﺚﻳﺪﺣ ﻭ ﻥﺁﺮﻗ ﻩﺎﮔﺪﻳﺩ ﺯﺍ ﻲﮕﻨﻫﺮﻓ ﻢﺟﺎﻬﺗ ﺎﺑ ﻩﺯﺭﺎﺒﻣ ﻱﺎﻫ ﻩﻮﻴــﺷﻭ

ﻰﮕﻨﻫﺮﻓ ﻰــﺳﺎﻨﺷ ﺐﻴﺳﺁ ﺹﻮﺼﺧ ﺭﺩ [21] ﻯﺪﻤﺣﺍ ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ [6]

ﻦﻴﻟﺎﻛ ﻭ ﻡﺎﻬﻧﺭﺎﻓ ،ﺮﻨﭼﻮﺑ ﺕﺎﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ ﺎﻬﻧﺎﻣﺯﺎﺳ ﺯﺍ ﻰﻜﻳ ﻯﺎﻫ ﻩﺩﺍﻮﻧﺎﺧ

ﻯﺯﺭﺩﻮﮔ ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ ﻭ [18] (1960) ﻯﺯﺪــﻨﻴﻟ ﻭ ﺕﺭﻮــﭙﻟﺁ [9] ﺩﺭﺍﻭ

ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ ﻭ ﻥﺎﻴﻧﺍﺮﻳﺍ ﻯﺎــﻫ ﺶﻳﺍﺮﮔ ﻭ ﺎﻫ ﺵﺯﺭﺍ ﺹﻮــﺼﺧ ﺭﺩ [19]

.ﺩﺮﻛ ﻩﺭﺎﺷﺍ ﻰﮕﻨﻫﺮﻓ ﻪﺑﺮﺿ ﺹﻮﺼﺧ ﺭﺩ [9] ﻡﺎﻬﻧﺭﺎﻓ ﻭ ﺮﻨﭼﻮﺑ

ﻯﺎﻫ ﺵﺯﺭﺍ ﻪــﺑ ﻥﺎﻧﺍﻮﺟﻮﻧ ﺶــﻳﺍﺮﮔ ﻦﻴﺑ ﻪــﻛ ﺩﺍﺩ ﻥﺎــﺸﻧ ﺞﻳﺎﺘﻧ

ﺭﺍﺩﺎﻨﻌﻣ ﻁﺎﺒﺗﺭﺍ ﻥﺎﻧﺁ ﻥﺍﻮــﺟﻮﻧ ﻥﺍﺪﻧﺯﺮﻓ ﻯﺎﻫ ﺵﺯﺭﺍ ﺎﺑ ﻲــﮔﺩﺍﻮﻧﺎﺧ

ﻪﻛ ﺪــﺳﺭ ﻰﻣ ﺮﻈﻧ ﻪﺑ ﺱﺎــﺳﺍ ﻦﻳﺍ ﺮﺑ .(P< 0/001 )ﺩﺭﺍﺩ ﺩﻮــﺟﻭ

ﺎﺑ ﺪﻧﺍ ﻪﺘﺷﺍﺩ ﻰﮔﺩﺍﻮﻧﺎﺧ ﻯﺎﻫ ﺵﺯﺭﺍ ﺭﺩ ﻯﺮﺘﻤﻛ ﺕﺍﺮﻤﻧ ﻪﻛ ﻯﺩﺍﺮﻓﺍ

ﺕﻭﺎﻔﺗ ،ﺪﻧﺍ ﻪﺘﺷﺍﺩ ﺎﻫ ﺵﺯﺭﺍ ﻦﻳﺍ ﺭﺩ ﻯﺮﺗﻻﺎﺑ ﺕﺍﺮﻤﻧ ﻪﻛ ﻰﻳﺎﻫ ﻩﻭﺮﮔ

ﻪﻣﺎﻨﺸﺳﺮﭘ ﺭﺩ ﺮﺘﻤﻛ ﻩﺮﻤﻧ ﻪﻛ ﺖﺳﺍ ﻦﻳﺍ ﻥﺁ ﻯﺎﻨﻌﻣ ﻭ ﺪﻧﺭﺍﺩ ﻰﻌﻗﺍﻭ

ﻰﮕﺘﺴﺒﻤﻫ ﻩﺩﺍﻮﻧﺎﺧ ﺭﺩ ﺵﺮﻳﺬﭘ ﺩﺭﻮﻣ ﻯﺎﻫ ﺵﺯﺭﺍ ﻩﺮﻤﻧ ﺎﺑ ﺎﻫ ﺵﺯﺭﺍ

ﻪﻣﺎﻨــﺸﺳﺮﭘ ﻒﻠﺘﺨﻣ ﺡﻮﻄــﺳ ﺭﺩ ﻦﺘﻓﺮﮔﺭﺍﺮﻗ ﺖــﻘﻴﻘﺣ ﺭﺩ .ﺩﺭﺍﺩ

ﻪﺘــﺷﺍﺩ ﻁﺎﺒﺗﺭﺍ ﺎﻫ ﺵﺯﺭﺍ ﻪﺑ ﻩﺩﺍﻮﻧﺎﺧ ﺶﻳﺍﺮﮔ ﻥﺍﺰــﻴﻣ ﺎﺑ ﺎﻫ ﺵﺯﺭﺍ

ﺎﻫ ﺵﺯﺭﺍ ﻡﺎﻈﻧ ﺭﺩ ﺩﺮــﻓ ﻩﺮﻤﻧ ﺭﺪﻗ ﺮﻫ ﻪــﻛ ﻰﻨﻌﻣ ﻦﻳﺍ ﻪﺑ .ﺖــﺳﺍ

ﻩﺩﻮﺑ ﺮﺗﻻﺎﺑ ﻩﺩﺍﻮﻧﺎﺧ ﻯﺎﻫ ﺵﺯﺭﺍ ﺭﺩ ﻭﺍ ﻩﺮﻤﻧ ،ﺖــﺳﺍ ﻩﺩﻮﺑ ﺮﺘــﺸﻴﺑ

.[7ﻭ15 ،16] ﺩﺭﺍﺩ ﻲﮕﻨﻫﺎﻤﻫ ﻲﻠﺒﻗ ﺕﺎﻘﻴﻘﺤﺗ ﺎﺑ ﺞﻳﺎﺘﻧ ﻦﻳﺍ .ﺖﺳﺍ

ﻭ ﻦﻳﺪﻟﺍﻭ ﻰﻳﺍﺮﮔﺪﻣ ﻦﻴﺑ ﻪﻛ ﺖــﺳﺍ ﻩﺩﺍﺩ ﻥﺎــﺸﻧ ﻰﻠﺒﻗ ﺕﺎﻘﻴﻘﺤﺗ

ﻦﻴﺑ ﻦﻴﻨﭽﻤﻫ .[16] ﺩﺭﺍﺩ ﺩﻮــﺟﻭ ﻯﺭﺍﺩ ﻰــﻨﻌﻣ ﻪﻄﺑﺍﺭ ﻥﺍﺪــﻧﺯﺮﻓ

ﻪﻄﺑﺍﺭ ﻥﺎﻧﺍﻮﺟﻮﻧ ﻰﻋﺎﻤﺘﺟﺍ ﻰﺘﻳﻮﻫ ﻰﺑ ﺱﺎﺴﺣﺍ ﻭ ﻩﺩﺍﻮﻧﺎﺧ ﺩﺮﻜﻠﻤﻋ

ﻰﺘﻳﻮﻫ ﻰﺑ ﺱﺎﺴﺣﺍ ﺮﮕﻳﺩ ﺕﺭﺎﺒﻋ ﻪﺑ .ﺪﺷ ﺍﺪﻴﭘ ﺭﺍﺩﺎﻨﻌﻣ ﻭ ﻢﻴﻘﺘــﺴﻣ

ﺖــﺳﺍ ﻦﻴﻴﺒﺗ ﻞﺑﺎﻗ ﻩﺩﺍﻮﻧﺎﺧ ﺩﺮﻜﻠﻤﻋ ﻒﻌﺿ ﻖﻳﺮﻃ ﺯﺍ ﻰــﻋﺎﻤﺘﺟﺍ

ﻥﺍﺭﺪﭘ ﻩﺮﻤﻧ ﻦﻴﺑ ﻪــﻛ ﺩﺍﺩ ﻥﺎــﺸﻧ [22] ﺩﺮﮕﻧﺎﺑﺎﻴﺑ ﻪــﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ .[15]

ﻱﺮﻈﻧ ،ﻲﺳﺎﻴﺳ ،ﻲﻋﺎﻤﺘﺟﺍ ،ﻱﺩﺎﺼﺘﻗﺍ ﻱﺎﻫ ﺵﺯﺭﺍ ﺭﺩ ﻥﺍﺮــﺴﭘ ﺎﺑ

ﻦﻳﺍ ﺱﺎــﺳﺍ ﺮﺑ ﻦﻴﻨﭽﻤﻫ .ﺩﺭﺍﺩ ﺩﻮﺟﻭ ﺭﺍﺩﺎﻨﻌﻣ ﺕﻭﺎــﻔﺗ ﻱﺮــﻨﻫ ﻭ

،ﻲﻋﺎﻤﺘﺟﺍ ،ﻱﺩﺎﺼﺘﻗﺍ ﻱﺎــﻫ ﺵﺯﺭﺍ ﺭﺩ ﻥﺍﺭﺩﺎﻣ ﻩﺮﻤﻧ ﻦﻴﺑ ﻪــﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ

ﻩﻭﻼﻋ ﻪﺑ .ﺩﺭﺍﺩ ﺩﻮﺟﻭ ﺭﺍﺩﺎﻨﻌﻣ ﺕﻭﺎﻔﺗ ﻲﺒﻫﺬﻣ ﻭ ﻱﺮﻨﻫ ،ﻲــﺳﺎﻴﺳ

ﻝﺮﺘﻨﻛ ﻭ ﺕﺭﺎﻈﻧ ﻢﺘﺴﻴﺳ ﻦﻴﺑ ﻪﻛ ﺖــﺳﺍ ﻩﺩﺍﺩ ﻥﺎــﺸﻧ ﻱﺍ ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ

ﺩﺭﺍﺩ ﺩﻮﺟﻭ ﺭﺍﺩﺎــﻨﻌﻣ ﻁﺎﺒﺗﺭﺍ ﻩﺩﺍﻮﻧﺎﺧ ﻱﺮﻳﺬﭘ ﺐﻴــﺳﺁ ﺎﺑ ﻲﮔﺩﺍﻮﻧﺎﺧ

ﻯﺎﻫ ﻩﺩﺍﻮﻧﺎﺧ ﻭ ﻥﺎﻧﺍﻮﺟﻮﻧ ﻯﺩﺎﻘﺘﻋﺍ ﺖﻴﻌﺿﻭ ﻪﻛ ﻦﻳﺍ ﺮــﺗﺍﺮﻓ .[21]

ﮓﻨﻫﺮﻓ ﻪﺑ ﻥﺍﺪﻧﺯﺮﻓ ﺶﻳﺍﺮﮔ ﺭﺩ ﻦﻳﺪﻟﺍﻭ ﻰﺘﻴﺑﺮﺗ ﻯﺎﻫ ﻩﻮﻴﺷ ﺎﺑ ﻥﺎﻧﺁ

ﻪﻛ ﺖــﺷﺍﺩ ﻥﺎﻴﺑ ﻥﺍﻮﺗ ﻲﻣ ﻉﻮﻤﺠﻣ ﺭﺩ .[7] ﺖــﺳﺍ ﺮﺛﻮﻣ ﻪــﻧﺎﮕﻴﺑ

ﮓﻨﻫﺮﻓ ﻪﺑ ﻥﺍﺪﻧﺯﺮﻓ ﺶﻳﺍﺮﮔ ﺎﻳ ﻭ ﻲﺘﻳﻮﻫ ﻲﺑ ﺱﺎــﺴﺣﺍ ،ﻲﻳﺍﺮﮔﺪﻣ

ﻪﻄﺑﺍﺭ ﻦﻳﺪﻟﺍﻭ ﻱﺎﻫ ﺵﺮﮕﻧ ﻭ ﺎﻫﺭﻭﺎﺑ ،ﺎﻫﺭﺎﺘﻓﺭ ،ﺩﺮﻜﻠﻤﻋ ﺎﺑ ﻪــﻧﺎﮕﻴﺑ

ﻱﺎﻫﺭﺎﺘﻓﺭ ﻭ ﺎﻫﺭﻭﺎﺑ ﺎﺑ ﺎﻫﺭﺎﺘﻓﺭ ﻭ ﺎﻫﺭﻭﺎﺑ ﻦﻳﺍ ﻪﭽﻧﺎﻨﭼ .ﺩﺭﺍﺩ ﻢﻴﻘﺘﺴﻣ

ﺭﺎﺘﻓﺭ ﻭ ﺵﺮﮕﻧ ﺭﺩ ﺽﺭﺎﻌﺗ ﺪﺷﺎﺒﻧ ﺐــﺳﺎﻨﺘﻣ ﻭ ﮓﻨﻫﺎﻤﻫ ﻦﻳﺪﻟﺍﻭ

ﻖﻴﻘﺤﺗ ﺞﻳﺎﺘﻧ ﻦﻴﻨﭽﻤﻫ .ﺪﺷ ﺪﻫﺍﻮﺧ ﺭﺎﻜﺷﺁ ﻥﺍﺪﻧﺯﺮﻓ ﻭ ﻩﺩﺍﻮﻧﺎﺧ ﻦﻴﺑ

ﺯﺍ ﻰﮕﻨﻫﺮﻓ ﻢﺟﺎﻬﺗ ﺮﺛﺍ ﻰــﺳﺭﺮﺑ ﺹﻮﺼﺧ ﺭﺩ ﻦﻴﭼﻮﻨﻴﻣ ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ ﺎﺑ

ﺪﻴﺋﺎﺗ ﺩﺭﻮﻣ ﻰﻨﻴﭙﻴﻠﻴﻓ ﻯﺎﻫ ﻩﺩﺍﻮﻧﺎﺧ ﺭﺩ ﻰﻌﻤﺟ ﻁﺎﺒﺗﺭﺍ ﻞﻳﺎﺳﻭ ﻖﻳﺮﻃ

.[21] ﺖﺳﺍ ﻪﺘﻓﺮﮔ ﺭﺍﺮﻗ

ﺭﺩ ﺶﻧﺍﺭﺎﻜﻤﻫ ﻭ ﻰﻟﺮــﺷ ﻂــﺳﻮﺗ ﻪﻛ ﻰﻘﻴﻘﺤﺗ ﺎﺑ ﺮﺿﺎﺣ ﻖﻴﻘﺤﺗ

ﻡﺎﺠﻧﺍ ﺎﻴﻟﺍﺮﺘــﺳﺍ ﻭ ﺎﻜﻳﺮﻣﺁ ﻢﻴﻘﻣ ﺭﺎﺒﺗ ﻰﻨﻴﭼ ﻰﻧﺎﺘــﺳﺮﻴﺑﺩ ﻥﺎﻧﺍﻮﺟﻮﻧ

ﻦﻳﺍ ﻦﻴﺒﻣ ﺮﺿﺎﺣ ﻖﻴﻘﺤﺗ .[26] ﺖﺳﺍ ﻪﺘﺷﺍﺩ ﻰﮕﺘــﺴﺒﻤﻫ ﺖﻓﺮﮔ

ﻥﺎﻧﺍﻮﺟﻮﻧ ﺭﺎﺘﻓﺭ ﻭ ﺎﻫ ﺵﺯﺭﺍ ﻭ ﻦــﻳﺪﻟﺍﻭ ﻱﺎﻫ ﺵﺯﺭﺍ ﻦﻴﺑ ﻪﻛ ﺖــﺳﺍ

ﻭ ﺎﻫ ﺵﺯﺭﺍ ﻪﺑ ﻦﻳﺪﻟﺍﻭ ﻪﻛ ﻲــﺗﺭﻮﺻ ﺭﺩ ﻲﻨﻌﻳ .ﺩﺭﺍﺩ ﺩﻮﺟﻭ ﻁﺎــﺒﺗﺭﺍ

ﻱﺎﻫ ﻩﺍﺭ ﺯﺍ ﻪﻟﺎﺴﻣ ﻦﻳﺍ ﺪﻨــﺷﺎﺑ ﻪﺘــﺷﺍﺩ ﺶﻳﺍﺮﮔ ﻪﻧﺎﮕﻴﺑ ﻱﺎﻫﺭﺎﺘﻓﺭ

ﻥﺎﻧﺁ ﺭﺎﺘﻓﺭ ﻭ ﺩﺭﺍﺬﮔ ﻲﻣ ﺮﻴﺛﺎﺗ ﻥﺎﻧﺍﻮﺟﻮﻧ ﻭ ﻥﺎﻛﺩﻮﻛ ﻱﻭﺭ ﻥﻮﮔﺎﻧﻮﮔ

ﻱﺎﻫ ﻢــﺴﻴﻧﺎﻜﻣ ﻦﻳﺮﺘﻤﻬﻣ ﺯﺍ ﻲﻜﻳ .ﺪﻫﺩ ﻲﻣ ﺭﺍﺮﻗ ﺮﻴﺛﺎﺗ ﺖــﺤﺗ ﺍﺭ

ﺪﻨﻳﺁﺮﻓ ﻥﺎــﻧﺍﻮﺟﻮﻧ ﻭ ﻥﺎﻛﺩﻮــﻛ ﺭﺎﺘﻓﺭ ﺭﺩ ﻦــﻳﺪﻟﺍﻭ ﻯﺭﺍﺬــﮔﺮﻴﺛﺎﺗ

ﻪﻛ ﺖﺳﺍ ﻯﺪﻨﻳﺁﺮﻓ ﻯﺯﺎــﺳﺪﻨﻧﺎﻤﻫ ﻊﻗﺍﻭ ﺭﺩ .ﺖﺳﺍ ﻯﺯﺎــﺳﺪﻨﻧﺎﻤﻫ

ﺖﻴــﺴﻨﺟ ﻪﺑ ﻪﺟﻮﺗ ﺎﺑ ﺍﺭ ﺩﻮﺧ ﺪﻨﻛ ﻰﻣ ﻰﻌــﺳ ﻥﺍﻮﺟﻮﻧ ﻭ ﻙﺩﻮــﻛ

ﻙﺩﻮﻛ ﻖﻳﺮﻃ ﻦﻳﺍ ﺯﺍ .[27] ﺪﻨﻛ ﺪﻨﻧﺎﻤﻫ ﺩﻮــﺧ ﺲﻨﺠﻤﻫ ﺪﻟﺍﻭ ﺎﺑ

ﺩﺯﻮﻣﺁ ﻰﻣ ﺍﺭ «ﻥﺩﻮــﺑ ﻥﺯ ﺎﻳ ﺩﺮﻣ»ﺲﻨﺟ ﻪــﺑ ﻁﻮﺑﺮﻣ ﻯﺎــﻫ ﺶﻘﻧ

ﻊﻗﺍﻮﻣ ﺭﺩ ﺪﻳﺎﺑ ﺩﺮــﻣ ﺭﺎﺘﻓﺭ ﻉﻮﻧ ﻼﺜﻣ ﻪﻛ ﺩﺯﻮﻣﺁ ﻰﻣ ﻪﻠﻴــﺳﻮﻨﻳﺪﺑ ﻭ

ﻰﺳﺎﺳﺍ ﺭﺎﻴﺴﺑ ﺶﻘﻧ ﻦﻳﺪﻟﺍﻭ ﻞﻴﻟﺩ ﻦﻴﻤﻫ ﻪﺑ .ﺪﺷﺎﺑ ﻪﻧﻮﮕﭼ ﺹﺎﺧ

.ﺪﻧﺭﺍﺩ ﻥﺎﻧﺍﻮﺟﻮﻧ ﻭ ﻥﺎﻛﺩﻮﻛ ﺖﻳﻮﻫ ﻭ ﺖﻴﺼﺨــﺷ ﻯﺮﻴﮔ ﻞﻜﺷ ﺭﺩ

ﻭ ﺩﺮﺒﺑ ﺮــﺳ ﻪﺑ ﺭﺎﺠﻨﻬﺑ ﻂﻳﺍﺮــﺷ ﻚﻳ ﺭﺩ ﻩﺩﺍﻮﻧﺎﺧ ﻪــﻛ ﻰﺗﺭﻮﺻ ﺭﺩ

ﻥﺍﻮﻨﻋ ﻪــﺑ ﺪﻨــﺷﺎﺑ ﻪﺘــﺷﺍﺩ ﻩﺩﺍﻮﻧﺎﺧ ﺭﺩ ﻯﺮﺛﻮﻣ ﺶــﻘﻧ ﻦــﻳﺪﻟﺍﻭ

ﻦﻳﺪﻟﺍﻭ ﻪﭽﻧﺎﻨﭼ ﻭ ﺩﺮــﻛ ﺪﻨﻫﺍﻮﺧ ﺶﻘﻧ ﻱﺎــﻔﻳﺍ ﻥﺍﺪﻧﺯﺮﻓ ﻱﻮــﮕﻟﺍ

ﺽﺮﻌﻣ ﺭﺩ ﺰــﻴﻧ ﻥﺎﻧﺁ ﻥﺍﺪﻧﺯﺮﻓ ﺪﻨــﺷﺎﺑ ﻰﺼﺨــﺸﻣ ﺖﻳﻮﻫ ﺪــﻗﺎﻓ

ﻭ ﻥﺎﻛﺩﻮﻛ ﺖﻘﻴﻘﺣ ﺭﺩ .ﺪﻧﺮﻴﮔ ﻰﻣ ﺭﺍﺮــﻗ ﻰﮕﻨﻫﺮﻓ ﺐﻴــﺳﺁ ﻭ ﺮﻄﺧ

ﺍﺭ ﻦﻳﺪﻟﺍﻭ ﻯﺎﻫ ﺵﺯﺭﺍ ﻯﺯﺎــﺳﺪﻨﻧﺎﻤﻫ ﺪﻨﻳﺁﺮﻓ ﻖﻳﺮﻃ ﺯﺍ ﻥﺎﻧﺍﻮﺟﻮﻧ

.ﺪﻧﻮﺷ ﻰﻣ ﻰﻋﺎﻤﺘﺟﺍ ﺖﻘﻴﻘﺣ ﺭﺩ ﻭ ﺪﻨﻨﻛ ﻰﻣ ﻰﻧﻭﺭﺩ ﻭ ﺪﻧﺮﻴﮔ ﻰﻣ ﺩﺎﻳ

ﻭ ﺩﺭﺍﺩ ﺶﻘﻧ ﻰﮔﺩﺍﻮﻧﺎﺧ ﻯﺎــﻫ ﺵﺯﺭﺍ ﻪﺑ ﻥﺎﻧﺁ ﻥﺍﺪــﻧﺯﺮﻓ ﺶﻳﺍﺮﮔ

ﻪﺘﻓﺮﮔ ﺭﺍﺮﻗ ﺪﻴﺋﺎﺗ ﺩﺭﻮــﻣ ﻭﺩ ﻦﻳﺍ ﻰﮕﺘــﺴﺒﻤﻫ ﺰﻴﻧ ﻖﻴﻘﺤﺗ ﻦﻳﺍ ﺭﺩ

ﺏﻮﺴﺤﻣ ﺰﻴﻧ ﻰﻋﺎﻤﺘﺟﺍ ﺫﻮﻔﻧ ﻥﻮﻨﻓ ﺯﺍ ﻰﻜﻳ ﻯﺯﺎﺳﺪﻨﻧﺎﻤﻫ .ﺖــﺳﺍ

ﺡﺮﻄﻣ ﺍﺭ ﻰﻋﺎﻤﺘﺟﺍ ﺫﻮﻔﻧ ﻪﺑ ﺦــﺳﺎﭘ ﻪﻧﻮﮔ ﻪﺳ ﻥﻮﺴﻧﻭﺭﺍ .ﺩﻮﺷ ﻰﻣ

ﺮﮕﻳﺩ ﺕﺭﺎﺒﻋ ﻪﺑ .ﻥﺩﺮﻛ ﻰﻧﻭﺭﺩ ﻭ ﻯﺯﺎﺳﺪﻨﻧﺎﻤﻫ ،ﻢﻴﻠــﺴﺗ .ﺪﻨﻛ ﻰﻣ

ﻪﻠﺣﺮﻣ ﺭﺩ ﻦﻳﺪﻟﺍﻭ ﺎﺑ ﻥﺍﻮﺟﻮﻧ ﺎــﻳ ﻭ ﻙﺩﻮﻛ ﻯﺯﺎــﺳﺪﻨﻧﺎﻤﻫ ﺯﺍ ﺲﭘ

ﻪﻌﻣﺎﺟ ﺪﻴﺋﺎﺗ ﺩﺭﻮــﻣ ﻪﻛ ﻯﺍ ﻩﺪــﺷ ﻯﺯﺎــﺳﺪﻨﻧﺎﻤﻫ ﻯﺎﻫﺭﺎﺘﻓﺭ ﺪﻌﺑ

.[28] ﺩﻮﺷ ﻰﻣ ﻯﺯﺎﺳ ﻥﻭﺭﺩ ،ﺩﺮﻴﮔ ﺭﺍﺮﻗ ﻥﻻﺎﺴﮔﺭﺰﺑ

.ﺩﺭﺍﺩ ﺮﻴﺛﺎﺗ ﺩﺍﺮﻓﺍ ﺭﺎﺘﻓﺭ ﺮﺑ ﺮﮕﻳﺩ ﺰــﻴﭼ ﺮﻫ ﺯﺍ ﺶﻴﺑ ﺎﻫ ﺵﺯﺭﺍ ﻡﺎــﻈﻧ

ﻩﺪﻨﻨﻛ ﻦﻴﻴﻌﺗ ﻭ ﺩﻮﺷ ﻰﻣ ﺏﻮﺴﺤﻣ ﻰﮕﻨﻫﺮﻓ ﻡﺎﻈﻧ ﻥﺎﻴﻨﺑ ﺎﻬــﺷﺯﺭﺍ

ﻖﻴﻘﺤﺗ ﺭﺩ ﻩﺪﻣﺁ ﺖــﺳﺪﺑ ﺞﻳﺎﺘﻧ .ﺪﻨﺘــﺴﻫ ﺩﺍﺮﻓﺍ ﺭﺎﺘﻓﺭ ﻭ ﺎﻫ ﺵﺮﮕﻧ

ﻥﺎﻧﺍﻮﺟﻮﻧ ﻰﺷﺯﺭﺍ ﻡﺎﻈﻧ ﻪﻛ ﺩﺭﺍﺬﮔ ﻰﻣ ﻪﺤﺻ ﻪﺘﻜﻧ ﻦﻳﺍ ﺮﺑ ﺰﻴﻧ ﺮﺿﺎﺣ

ﻦﻳﺪﻟﺍﻭ ﺺﺧﻻﺎﺑ ﻩﺩﺍﻮﻧﺎﺧ ﻯﺎﻀﻋﺍ ﺮﻳﺎﺳ ﻰﺷﺯﺭﺍ ﻡﺎﻈﻧ ﺮﻴﺛﺎﺗ ﺖﺤﺗ

ﺭﺩ ﺪﻨﻧﺍﻮﺗ ﻰﻣ ﻦﻳﺪﻟﺍﻭ ﺺــﺧﻻﺎﺑ ﻭ ﻩﺩﺍﻮﻧﺎﺧ ﺖﻘﻴﻘﺣ ﺭﺩ .ﺪــﺷﺎﺑ ﻰﻣ

ﺩﻮﺧ ﻥﺍﺪﻧﺯﺮﻓ ﺺﺧﻻﺎﺑ ﻭ ﻩﺩﺍﻮﻧﺎﺧ ﻯﺎﻀﻋﺍ ﺮﻳﺎــﺳ ﻰــﺷﺯﺭﺍ ﻡﺎﻈﻧ

ﺮﺻﺎﻨﻋ ﺯﺍ ﻰﻜﻳ ﻥﺍﻮــﻨﻋ ﻪﺑ ﺎﻫ ﺵﺯﺭﺍ ﻪﻛ ﺎﺠﻧﺁ ﺯﺍ .ﺪــﻧﺭﺍﺬﮕﺑ ﺮﻴﺛﺎﺗ

ﻦﻳﺍﺮﺑ ﺎﻨﺑ ﺪﻧﻮﺷ ﻰﻣ ﺏﻮﺴﺤﻣ ﻪﻌﻣﺎﺟ ﻰﮕﻨﻫﺮﻓ ﻡﺎﻈﻧ ﻩﺪﻨﻨﻛ ﻦﻴﻴﻌﺗ

ﻯﺍﺭﺍﺩ ﻰﻧﺍﻮﺟﻮﻧ ﺱﺎــﺴﺣ ﻥﺍﺭﻭﺩ ﺭﺩ ﺺﺧﻻﺎﺑ ﺎﻫ ﺵﺯﺭﺍ ﺖﻳﺮﻳﺪﻣ

ﺮﮕﻳﺩ ﻩﻭﺮﮔ ﺮﻫ ﺯﺍ ﺶﻴﺑ ﻥﺎﻧﺍﻮﺟﻮﻧ ﺍﺮﻳﺯ ﺖــﺳﺍ ﻩﺩﺎﻌﻟﺍ ﻕﻮﻓ ﺖﻴﻤﻫﺍ

ﻊﻗﺍﻭ ﺭﺩ.ﺪﻨــﺷﺎﺑ ﻰﻣ ﻥﺁ ﺮﺑ ﻢﻛﺎﺣ ﻯﺎﻫ ﺵﺯﺭﺍ ﻭ ﻩﺩﺍﻮﻧﺎﺧ ﺮﺛﺎﺗ ﺖﺤﺗ

ﻭ ﺖﻳﻮﻘﺗ ﺎﻫ ﻩﺩﺍﻮﻧﺎﺧ ﻰﮕﻨﻫﺮﻓ ﻡﺎﻈﻧ ﺡﻼﺻﺍ ﻯﺎﻫﺩﺮﺒﻫﺍﺭ ﺯﺍ ﻰﻜﻳ

ﺎﻫ ﻩﺩﺍﻮﻧﺎﺧ ﺮﺗ ﻩﺩﺎــﺳ ﺕﺭﺎﺒﻋ ﻪﺑ .ﺪــﺷﺎﺑ ﻰﻣ ﺎﻫ ﺵﺯﺭﺍ ﻡﺎﻈﻧ ﺩﻮﺒﻬﺑ

ﺮﺑ ﻢﻛﺎﺣ ﻯﺎﻫ ﺵﺯﺭﺍ ﻩﺩﺍﻮﻧﺎﺧ ﻰــﺷﺯﺭﺍ ﻡﺎﻈﻧ ﺖﻳﺮﻳﺪﻣ ﺎﺑ ﺪﻨﻧﺍﻮﺘﻴﻣ

.ﺪﻨﻳﺎﻤﻧ ﺖﻳﺮﻳﺪﻣ ﺰﻴﻧ ﺍﺭ ﺩﻮﺧ ﻯﺎﻀﻋﺍ

ﻊﺑﺎﻨﻣ

پﺎﭼ،ﻒﻟﺍ،ﺭﺎﺸﺘﻧﺍﻰﻣﺎﻬــﺳﺖﻛﺮــﺷ،ﺩﺎﻀﺗﻭﻪﻌــﺳﻮﺗ؛ﺯﺮﻣﺍﺮﻓ،ﺭﻮﭘﻊﻴﻓﺭ -2 .1376،ﻥﺍﺮﻬﺗ،ﻡﻭﺩ ﺭﺎﻄﻋﺕﺍﺭﺎــﺸﺘﻧﺍﻥﺍﺮﻬﺗ،ﻲــﺳﺎﻨﺷﮓﻨﻫﺮﻓﻪﻨﻴﻣﺯ،ﺩﻮﻤﺤﻣ،ﻲﻨﻴﻣﻻﺍﺡﻭﺭ -3 .(1381)

.(1375) ﺍﺮﺘﻴﻣﺮﺸﻧ،ﻲﺳﺎﻨﺷﻪﻌﻣﺎﺟﻲﻧﺎﺒﻣﻭﻝﻮﺻﺍ.،ﺵﻭﺎﻴﺳ،ﻲﺑﻼﮔ-4 .ﺮﺻﺎﻌﻣﻥﺍﺮﻳﺍﺭﺩﻲﺳﺎﻴﺳﮓﻨﻫﺮﻓﻭﻲﻳﺍﺮﮔﻮﻧﻥﺍﺮﺤﺑﺮﻐﺻﺍﻲﻠﻋ،ﻲﻤﻇﺎﻛ-5 .(1376) ،ﺲﻣﻮﻗﺮﺸﻧﻥﺍﺮﻬﺗ

ﻩﺎﮔﺪﻳﺩﺯﺍﻲﮕﻨﻫﺮﻓﻢﺟﺎﻬﺗﺎﺑﻩﺯﺭﺎﺒﻣﻱﺎﻫﻩﻮﻴــﺷﻭﺎﻬﻫﺍﺭﺐﻴﺒﺣ .ﻲﻟﻮــﺳﺭ -6 .(1375) ،ﺱﺭﺪﻣﺖﻴﺑﺮﺗﻩﺎﮕﺸﻧﺍﺩﻥﺍﺮﻬﺗ،ﺚﻳﺪﺣﻭﻥﺁﺮﻗ ﻪﻟﺎــﺳ18-15 ﻥﺎﻧﺍﻮﺟﻮﻧﺶــﻳﺍﺮﮔﻲــﺳﺭﺮﺑ؛ﺎﺿﺭﺪﻤﺣﺍ،ﺮــﻓﻱﺩﻮﻌــﺴﻣ -7

ﺰﻛﺮﻣ.ﻢﻠﻌﻣﺖﻴﺑﺮﺗﻩﺎﮕﺸﻧﺍﺩﻥﺍﺮﻬﺗ،ﻪﻧﺎﮕﻴﺑﮓﻨﻫﺮﻓﻪﺑﺪﻬــﺸﻣﻱﺎﻫﻥﺎﺘﺳﺮﻴﺑﺩ

.(1372) ،ﻥﺍﺮﻳﺍﻲﻤﻠﻋﻙﺭﺍﺪﻣﻭﺕﺎﻋﻼﻃﺍ ﺮﻴﺛﺎﺗﻭﺏﺮﻏﻲﺗﺎﻋﻼﻃﺍﻭﻲﮕﻨﻫﺮﻓﻢﺟﺎﻬﺗﻩﻮﺟﻭ،ﻱﺪﻬﻣﺪﻤﺤﻣ،ﻩﺪﻳﺪﻨﺴﭘ -8

ﻥﺍﺮﻬﺗ،ﻥﺍﺮﻬﺗﻱﺎﻫﻩﺎﮕﺸﻧﺍﺩﻥﺎﻳﻮﺠــﺸﻧﺍﺩﻱﺭﺎﺘﻓﺭﻭﻲﻨﻫﺫﻱﺎﻫﺪﻨﻳﺍﺮﻓﺮﺑﻥﺁ

.(1374) ﻥﺍﺮﻳﺍﻲﻤﻠﻋﻙﺭﺍﺪﻣﻭﺕﺎﻋﻼﻃﺍﺰﻛﺮﻣ.ﻲﻳﺎﺒﻃﺎﺒﻃﻪﻣﻼﻋﻩﺎﮕﺸﻧﺍﺩ

9- Collin Ward,Stephen Bochner, Adrian

Farnham,The Psychology of Culture Shock.

Second Editton Routledge, 2001.

ﺎﺿﺮﻣﻼﻏﻭﻰﻧﺍﻮﻟﺍﻯﺪﻬﻣﺪﻴﺳﻪﻤﺟﺮﺗ،ﻰﻧﺎﻣﺯﺎﺳﺭﺎﺘﻓﺭ؛ﻦﻴﻔﻳﺮﮔﻭﺪﻫﺭﻮﻣ -10 .1375 ،ﻥﺍﺮﻬﺗ،ﺪﻳﺭﺍﻭﺮﻣﺕﺍﺭﺎﺸﺘﻧﺍ،ﻩﺩﺍﺯﺭﺎﻤﻌﻣ ﮓﻨﻫﺮﻓﻪﻣﺎﻨﻠﺼﻓ،ﺶﺠﻨﺳﻱﺎﻫﺭﺍﺰﺑﺍﻭﻢﻴﻫﺎﻔﻣ،ﺎﻫﺵﺯﺭﺍ؛ﺯﺎﻨﻬﻣ،ﻲﻠﻛﻮﺗ -11 . 79 -85 ﺹ،37 ﻩﺭﺎﻤﺷ،1382 ﻥﺎﺘﺴﻣﺯ،ﻲﻣﻮﻤﻋ ،ﺮﺻﺎﻌﻣﻱﺎﻬﻧﺍﺮﺤﺑﻦﻃﺎﺑﺖﻳﻮﻫﻥﺍﺮﺤﺑ،1372 ،ﺪــﻤﺤﻣﻲﻠﻋ،ﻥﺍﺩﺭﺎﻛ -12 .ﻝﻭﺍﻩﺭﺎﻤﺷ،ﻡﻮﺳﻝﺎﺳ،1372 ﺭﺎﻬﺑ،ﮓﻨﻫﺮﻓﻪﻣﺎﻧ ،ﮓﻨﻫﺮﻓﻪﻣﺎﻧ،ﻲﻧﺎﻬﺟﻱﺍﻪﻟﺎﺴﻣﺖﻳﻮﻫﻥﺍﺮﺤﺑ،ﻦﻴﺴﺣﺪﻤﺤﻣ .ﻲﻧﺎﺘﺳﺎﺑ -13 .ﻡﻮﺳﻝﺎﺳ،1372 ﺭﺎﻬﺑ ﺎﻴﻟﻭﺍﻦﻤﺠﻧﺍﺕﺍﺭﺎﺸﺘﻧﺍ،ﺖﻴﺑﺮﺗﻭﻢﻴﻠﻌﺗﻭﻩﺩﺍﻮﻧﺎﺧ،ﺪﻤﺣﺍﺪﻴــﺳ،ﻱﺭﺎﻄﻋ -14 . 1382،ﻥﺎﻴﺑﺮﻣﻭ ﻩﺪﻜــﺸﻫﻭﮋﭘ،ﻲﮕﻨﻫﺮﻓﻉﺎﻄﻘﻧﺍﻭﺖــﻳﻮﻫﻥﺍﺮﺤﺑ،ﺮــﺻﺎﻧ،ﺭﻮــﭙﻧﺍﺩﺮﻣ -15 .1381،ﻢﻗ،ﻲﻣﻼﺳﺍﺕﺎﻘﻴﻘﺤﺗ

16- Psychlit database, copyright, Journal of

Adolescent Reseach, 1994; Vol 8(4): 403-418.

17- Feldman, s-Shirely, Mont-Reynaud, Randy,

Rosenthal, Doreen-A. When East moves west,

Journal of Research on Adolescence, 1992; Vol2

(2) 147-173.

18- Allport, G:V, Vernon, p, E and Lindzey, study

of Values, Boston. Houghton Miffilin Company,

1960.

ﺩﺎــﺷﺭﺍﻭﮓﻨﻫﺮﻓﺕﺭﺍﺯﻭ،ﻝﻭﺍﺶــﻳﺍﺮﻳﻭ،ﻡﻭﺩﺝﻮﻣ (ﺭﻮــﺸﻛﻥﺎﺘــﺳﺍ 28ﺭﺩ

.1382 ،ﻥﺎﺘﺴﻣﺯ،ﻲﻣﻼﺳﺍ ﻪﻌﻣﺎﺟﻱﺎﻫﻪﻳﺮﻈﻧﻭﺐــﺗﺎﻜﻣﺮﺑﻱﺪﻣﺁﺭﺩ،ﻦــﺴﺣﺍﻮﺑﺍﻦﻴــﺴﺣ،ﻲﻳﺎﻬﻨﺗ -20 .ﻡﻮﺳپﺎﭼ،1377 ،ﺰﻳﺪﻧﺮﻣ،ﺪﻬﺸﻣ،ﻝﻭﺍﺪﻠﺟ،ﻲﺳﺎﻨﺷ ﺯﺍﻲﻫﻭﺮﮔﻱﺎﻫﻩﺩﺍﻮﻧﺎﺧﻲــﮕﻨﻫﺮﻓﻲــﺳﺎﻨﺷﺐﻴﺳﺁ؛ﺶﺨﺑﺍﺪﺧ،ﻱﺪﻤﺣﺍ -21

ﺰﻛﺮﻣ،ﷲﺍﻪﻴﻘﺑﻲﻜــﺷﺰﭘﻡﻮﻠﻋﻩﺎﮕــﺸﻧﺍﺩ،ﻖﻴﻘﺤﺗﺵﺭﺍﺰﮔ،ﻲﻣﺎﻈﻧﻥﺎــﻨﻛﺭﺎﻛ

.1384 ،ﻱﺭﺎﺘﻓﺭﻡﻮﻠﻋﺕﺎﻘﻴﻘﺤﺗ ،1376 ،ﻥﺎﻴﺑﺮﻣﻱﺍﺮــﺑﻥﺎﻧﺍﻮﺟﻮﻧﻲــﺳﺎﻨﺷﻥﺍﻭﺭ؛ﻞﻴﻋﺎﻤــﺳﺍ،ﺩﺮﮕﻧﺎﺑﺎﻴﺑ -22 .ﻝﻭﺍپﺎﭼ،ﻲﻣﻼﺳﺍﮓﻨﻫﺮﻓﺮﺸﻧﺮﺘﻓﺩ،ﻥﺍﺮﻬﺗ ﻥﺍﺪﻧﻭﺮﻬﺷﻲﺷﺯﺭﺍﻱﺎﻫﺖﻳﻮﻟﻭﺍﻭﻲﺷﺯﺭﺍﺭﺎﺘﺧﺎﺳﻲﺳﺭﺮﺑ ؛ﺍﺮﻫﺯ،ﺭﻮﭘﺎﻳﺭﺍﺩ -23 .19-9 ﺹ،37 ﻩﺭﺎﻤﺷ،1382 ﻥﺎﺘﺴﻣﺯ،ﻲﻣﻮﻤﻋﮓﻨﻫﺮﻓﻪﻣﺎﻨﻠﺼﻓ،ﻲﻧﺍﺮﻬﺗ ﮓﻨﻫﺮﻓﻪﻣﺎﻨﻠﺼﻓ،ﻲــﻣﻮﻤﻋﮓﻨﻫﺮﻓﻲــﺳﺎﻨﺷﺵﺯﺭﺍ؛ﻢﻴﻫﺍﺮﺑﺍ،ﺽﺎﻴﻓ -24 . 47 -51 ﺹ،1382 ﻥﺎﺘﺴﻣﺯ،37 ﻩﺭﺎﻤﺷ،ﻲﻣﻮﻤﻋ

25- Schwartz, S.H Advances in values theory, in

M. Zanna (Ed.) Advances in Experimental Social

Psychology, (1992); Vol.25: pp.1-56.

26- Shirly, Feldman, S. Mont, Raymond, Randy,

Rosenhal, Doreen-A, When East moves West.

The acculturation of values of chinese adolescents

in the U.S and Austaralia. psychlit database,

copyright, Journal of Reseach on Adolescence,

1992; vol 2 (2): 147-173.