Microstrip antenna slot double-bowtie five-arrays model with coplanar waveguides for
5.8 GHz communication
Bualkar Abdullah, Sri Suryani, and Bannu
Citation: AIP Conference Proceedings 1801, 050004 (2017); doi: 10.1063/1.4973102 View online: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4973102
View Table of Contents: http://aip.scitation.org/toc/apc/1801/1 Published by the American Institute of Physics
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Microstrip Antenna Slot Double-Bowtie Five-Arrays Model
with Coplanar Waveguides for 5.8 GHz Communication
Bualkar Abdullah
a), Sri Suryani and Bannu
Study Program of Physics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, Hasanuddin University, Makassar. Jl. P. Kemerdekaan Km 10, Makassar, 90245 Indonesia
a)Corresponding author: [email protected]
Abstract. We have designed, produced and characterized microstrip antenna slot double bowties 5 array using Co Planar Waveguide (CPW) as trigger. This new antenna design was developed from a previous model model that has the following modules such as: a triangular microstrip antenna and microstrip slot double bowtie single array 2 dipoles, a double bowtie 3 array 6 dipole for 2.4 GHz wireless communication. The dielectric constant (εr) substrate used was an
FR4 Epoxy with dielectric constant of 4.40 and the electronic etching was done using FeClO3 solution. We conducted a couple of simulations to obtain the dimensions of the antenna working at the frequency range 4-8 GHz ( C - band) with a middle frequency of 5.8 GHz . Adding more arrays enlarged gain, directivity and bandwidth, while the use of CPW was to control impedance. We characterize the antenna performance by using the Vector Network Analyzer to obtain Return Loss, Voltage Standing Wave Ratio (VSWR) and bandwidth values of -10.9 dB, 1.7 and 440 MHz, respectively. These results indicate that the 5.8 GHz antenna is able to be implemented as a part of a communication system.
INTRODUCTION
The human need to communicate with each other and a desire to get the information quickly and accurately anytime and anywhere encourage the development of information technology is so rapid. One of the components that was instrumental to meeting those needs is an antenna that has gain, directivity and bandwidth so as to transmit and receive information with a large capacity. One type of antenna that meets these criteria is a microstrip antenna that is capable of working at high frequencies [1-3]. However, this antenna has a narrow bandwidth [4] and a decrease in radiation efficiency due to the losses of surface waves that arises when the media passes Ԑr > 1.[5].
One way that can be used to widen the bandwidth and increase the gain and directivity are using the array technique with coplanar waveguide (CPW) as trigger which facilitates control by combining the characteristic impedance line width and gap width on the CPW line [6]. Microstrip antenna consists of a metal layer as a radiating element separated by a dielectric material, while on the other side with a thin conductor width as a ground plane . In this study, the Microstrip antenna Slot double bowtie five arrays model with coplanar wave guide as trigger for 5.8 GHz communication.
One way that can be used to widen the bandwidth and increase the gain and directivity are using the array technique with coplanar waveguide (CPW) as trigger which facilitates control by combining the characteristic impedance line width and gap width on the CPW line [6]. Microstrip antenna consists of a metal layer as a radiating element separated by a dielectric material, while on the other side with a thin conductor width as a ground plane . In this study, the Microstrip antenna Slot double bowtie five arrays model with coplanar wave guide as trigger for 5.8 GHz communication .
METHODOLOGY
Antenna Design
Dimensions of antenna calculated using the equation [7] :
0
c
f
O
(1)1.6
00.5
0 r rp
O
and q
O
H
H
(2) L = width of the antenna elements + 2 ΔL
0.3
0.264
L = 0.412
0.3
0.8
eff effw
h
w
h
H
H
§
·
¨
¸
©
¹
'
§
·
¨
¸
©
¹
(3)In this case f is the frequency , c is the velocity of light , λ0 is the wavelength in the slot , p is the length of the antenna , q is the width of the antenna , Ɛr is the dielectric coefficient of the substrate is used, ΔL is the distance outer antenna element to the ground plane , w is a metal plate thickness , h is the thickness of the substrate and ɛeff = 1 + qs ( Ԑr - 1 ) is the effective dielectric constant and qs referred to as quasi- static depending on the variation of the coplanar waveguide geometry
Fabrication
Microstrip antenna fabrication done by the etching process and the results are as follows :
FIGURE 1. Slot microstrip antenna models bow tie double - Five Array
Antenna characterization was performed using Vector Network Analyzer Advantest R3770 a frequency range of 100 kHz to 22 GHz. Use of this tool provides information in the form of graphs relating to Return Loss and VSWR (SWR). From Graph RL vs. Frequency Bandwidth can be calculated at RL = -9.54 dB or VSWR versus frequency graph can be calculated bandwidth at VSWR = 2 [3].
Measuring the gain and directivity using Antenna Training System (Main Controller) ED Laboratory, Spectrum Analyzer HEWLETT 8593A, 6747B WILTRON Swept Frequency Shintesizer and the horn antenna SAS-200/571 frequency range of 700 MHz-18 GHz.
1.5 2 2.5 3 x 109 -20 -18 -16 -14 -12 -10 -8 -6 -4 -2 0 X: 2.32e+009 Y: -9.544 Frekwensi (Hz) RL (d B ) X: 2.603e+009 Y: -9.544 X: 2.421e+009 Y: -18.1 X: 2.4e+009 Y: -17.59 BW
RESULT AND DISCUSSION
Dimensions of Antenna
Antenna dimensions calculated using Eq. (1) - (3), is obtained [8]: p1 = 1.6 0 r
O
H
=39.57 mm and q1 = 0.5 012.36
rmm
O
H
p2 = 0.8 019.78
rmm
O
H
and q2 = 0.25 06.18
rmm
O
H
L = 113 mm and W = 82 mm, l1 = 25.86 mm and l2 = 12.93 mmWidth line w= 1 mm and slot line, s = 2 mm, λ0 = 51.72 mm
In this case, Ɛr = 4.4 is the dielectric coefficient of the substrate, w = 0.6 mm is the thickness of the substrate, h = 1.6 mm is the thickness of the antenna and ɛeff = 2.39 = is the effective dielectric constant. Furthermore, p1 is the length of the antenna size and q1 is the width of the antenna size, p2 is the length of the small size antenna and q2 is the width of the small size antenna, l1 is the distance from the antenna connector to the large size and l2 is the distance from the antenna to the small size of the connector.
Characterization
Return Loss
Return Loss measurement results shown in the following figure:
FIGURE 2. Measurement Result of Return Loss
The figure shows that the lowest RL value is at the center position, the lowest value this value is less than -9.54 dB as required for a wireless antenna, the smaller the return loss, the greater the signal received antena3). Their
grooves on the left and the right side, indicating the existence of electromagnetic wave energy is absorbed in the element model of the double bow tie first and second as well as elements of a model double bowties fourth and fifth, causing a decrease in energy received on a model of bowtie third double.
Furthermore, based on the data on the relationship between Return Loss graph with frequency, do the calculations to determine the bandwidth that is the difference between the frequency value at RL = -9.54 dB which is the highest and the lowest, and obtained a bandwidth of 440 MHz. It shows that the antennas are designed to increase bandwidth are: 230 MHz [9].
1.5 2 2.5 3 x 109 1 1.5 2 2.5 Frekwensi (Hz) VSW R X: 2.303e+009 Y: 1.19 X: 2.4e+009 Y: 1.281
Voltage Standing Wave Ratio
Graphs obtained from measurements using a Vector Network Analyzer is a graph of the frequency SWR.
FIGURE 3. Measurement Result of SWR
VSWR is suitable for wireless communication is between 1 and 2 [9]. If the VSWR values approch to 1, then the antenna can function properly because it can emit or receive all the energy of electromagnetic waves to or from the air. VSWR value as shown in Figure above shows that the antennas are eligible to be used because it has a VSWR < 2[3].
CONCLUSION
Increasing the number of slot microstrip antenna array on the model of bowties can increase bandwidth. Result of Return Loss and VSWR obtained is -18.1 dB and 1.19, respectively. This indicates that the antenna is qualified for use in the 5.8 GHz communication sytems.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
Acknowledgements author to convey to the Institute of Research and Community Service (LPPM) Universitas Hasanuddin the financial support given to this research.
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