Nutrition-Sensitive Programming.ppt

Kilifi County Stakeholder Consultative

Meeting

19

May 2015

Charles Songok, Joyce Owigar & Jackline Gatimu

Nutrition-Sensitive Asset Creation

Programming

……. asset creation WFP supported initiatives targeting food insecure HHs in the

ASALs to build their capacity to harness rainwater for productive use (and enable HH be food self-sufficient & building resilience to FS shocks)

Main Activities:

•Food production (income)

•Pasture and Browse production

(livestock)

•Access to water

•Environmental conservation Target ASAL Counties: Arid: Baringo, Garissa, Isiolo, Mandera, Marsabit [Moyale], Tana River, Turkana;

Semi-Arid: Kwale, Taita Taveta, Kilifi, Makueni, Kitui, Tharaka Nithi

Asset creation implemented using 2 modalities:

1.Cash for Assets - Marginal Agric. Counties

2.Food for Assets (FFA) – Arid Counties

1.

Improved pasture and browse production.

2.

Improved diversification of food and Income sources (increased

crop production, incomes from gums and resins, aloe vera, and

other range plants).

3.

Improved access to water for both human and livestock

consumption.

4.

Reduced environmental degradation.

5.

Improved access to markets and other sources of food (feeder

roads).

6.

Improved capacity to Implement resilience building activities

Relief

Recovery

Preparedness

• Unconditional transfers (GFD/UCT)

• Nutrition (SF)

• Food for Assets (FFA)

• Cash for assets (CFA)

• Early warning system (SRA and LRA)

• Contingency planning

3 Pillars of PRRO

Why PRRO (Protracted Relief & Recovery Operations)?

Due to persistent shocks in the ASALs, there was a critical need to Assist disaster-hit communities to participate in longer-term recovery interventions, by building the

resilience of vulnerable households & communities to shocks.

(Rebuilding & protecting livelihoods; Reduce risks to Disasters; Adapt to climate change)

1. Nutrition-Specific Intervention: Mainly address immediate determinants of Malnutrition

2. Nutrition-sensitive Intervention: Focus on underlying and systemic causes of Malnutrition

• Nutrition specific intervention alone will not eliminate under-nutrition; however in combination with Nutrition-Sensitive interventions, there is enormous potential to enhance the effectiveness of nutrition investment.

• Nutrition sensitive Interventions includes:

 _{Nutrition Sensitive agriculture (crop & livestock) – link to CFA.}

 _{Nutrition Education – food consumption habits}

 _{Water, Sanitation and hygiene (WASH)}

 _{Food safety and processing}

 _{Early childhood care giving and development.}

 _{Economic strengthening, livelihoods, and social protection.}

 _{Family planning: healthy timing and spacing of pregnancy.}

Existing WFP supported nutrition-specific interventions :

•Treatment of moderate acute malnutrition (MAM) in young children and pregnant & lactating women (Key partner - MoH).

•Micronutrient and stunting preventive intervention to all children 6-23 months in Arid counties (MNPs).

•Technical support ensuring good quality programmes at national, county and health facility level.

•Policy and strategy formulation on food and nutrition security.

Nutrition Interventions

Gaps:

• MAM- wide coverage but deals with nutrition in terms of treatment (CURATIVE).

• WFP supported schools lacked consistent and

focus nutrition interventions

• CFFA - Nutrition not integrated in programme design (production, utilisation, nutrition education,

etc).

• Asset creation designed without clear nutrition goals/objectives, thus in its current form may not fully contribute towards optimising nutrition

outcomes

• Surveys & FSOM Findings: High stunting & Low food consumption scores, even in CFA areas

• Nutrition education – missed opportunity to integrate nutrition goals in C/FFA not

harnessed)

• Need to address the underlying causes of malnutrition - nutrition-sensitive programmes (C/FFA included)

2.1 WFP supported Nutrition Interventions & Gaps

3. Why nutrition-sensitivity in Asset Creation Programming?

• Food Security can never be attained without Nutrition goals/outcomes

• CFA projects: build the capacity of food insecure households in the ASALs to harness rainwater (use simple technologies) for production

 _{Opportunity to transfer practical skills & knowledge that promote FS &}

nutrition goals

 _{Opportunity to optimise the impact of CFA projects}

 _{Essential entry point to integrate FS and nutrition needs thru’ crop and}

livestock production, thus (shift from treatment to prevention) and utilisation.

• Scale: C/FFA is implemented at large scale (ASALs) and targeted to reach the poor who suffer from food insecurity [CFA has the potential to address underlying

determinants of malnutrition & other nutrition needs/gaps

• Nutrition education: For greater nutrition outcomes, CFA should incorporate complementing interventions on consumption of food, utilization of transfers and

income for food purchase.

• CFA offer possibilities to enhance: nutrition awareness, behavior change on food consumption habits, linkages with essential health and nutrition interventions, etc.

Aim: Integrate nutrition interventions into CFA programming & planning processes

with an aim of improving nutritional outcomes alongside meeting food security goals.

3.1 Objectives for Nutrition-Sensitive Asset Creation programming

Objectives:

•To optimize the utilization of assets in enhancing and diversifying production in order to contribute towards meeting FS & nutrition goals.

•To improve dietary diversity among CFA HHs & communities at large, including schools.

•To establish linkages with other relevant complimentary interventions where feasible (e.g. MCHN, WASH, etc)

•Extend nutrition information and life skills to the school environment.

•To share best practices / evidence generated to influence programming and promotion of nutrition in designing food security projects

• Improved dietary diversity of households;

Achieved by:

• Integrating nutrition in production, diversification; kitchen gardens & school gardens

• Integrating nutrition through utilization, food choices, food preparation, preservation and storage at HH/community and school levels

Set baseline indicators

Pathway

3.2 Conceptual Model for Implementing “Nutrition-Sensitive” Programming

Target setting

Monitoring and measuring achievements along the pathway; modifying/adjusting targets as necessary

Process, activities and actions

Impact of integrated CFA

• Improved production diversification, and increased utilisation of diverse nutritious foods

• Behaviour change on nutrition habits, decision making

• Improved incomes & livelihood diversification End Results CFA & Nutrition Situation Analysis Start

Analysis on readiness to pilot & accelerate action on nutrition-Sensitive C/FFA

Programming

Define objectives, activities and target

population/ groups

NOTE: Successful implementation of nutrition-sensitive interventions

needs to take into account other factors, including: local leadership/Governance, Capacities to scale up/out, Existing programmes/systems, Service delivery for nutrition-specific services and Investment to identify & test opportunities for building synergies.

Source: Adapted and modified from:

Mucha N. Implementing Nutrition-Sensitive Development: Reaching Consensus. Briefing Paper. Washington DC, USA: Bread for the World, 2012

Pro

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ASSET CREATION

PROJECT CYCLE

Considerations for Identifying & Developing Community-managed Asset Creation Project

Proposals

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4. C/FFA PROJECTS PLANNING PROCESS

Com mun_ity-M anag_ed Disa ster R isk R educ_tion

County/Sub County Proposals: Aligned to CIDP / Sector Plans _{Technical review by CPSC /}

SCPSC)

Outputs of CMDRR:

1. Development Plan (CAPs) 2. Contingency Plan

Situation:

•In 2005, Londorok experienced cattle rustling and became insecure for people to settlement •In 2010 the community started FFA with 700 (400 female & 300 male) beneficiaries

•The community prioritized rehabilitation of the irrigation Scheme to promote crop production & avert cattle rustling.

•Irrigation key in rebuilding community livelihoods and creating household assets.

•117 HHs opened up the initial 23 hectare of irrigation farm & later expanded an additional 6 hectares. O u tp u ts (D es ig n s, _b u sh c le ar in g , I rr ig at io n C an al s)

4.1 Sample Project: Lendorok Irrigation Scheme, Mukutani, Marigat, Baringo County

Maize & Vegetables Beans

Implementation

Watermelons

1. Incorporate nutrition gaps/needs into:

 _{the design and implementation of CFA guidelines}

 _{Include specific nutrition objectives in CFA projects and policies.}  _{CFA project planning process and CFA investments priorities}

2. Target food insecure and nutritionally vulnerable groups - CBT Guidelines 3. Increase access to diverse, nutrient-dense foods - thru’ purchase (CFA) or

diversified production (Crop & Livestock)

5. How do we integrate Nutrition in CFA Project Planning Process & Schools?

5. Seek opportunities to work across sectors/stakeholders - Working together across different sectors, involving other stakeholders is challenging but necessary in achieving nutrition-sensitive C/FFA outcomes – Complementarity/Synergy

4. Nutrition Education enabling environment for good nutrition thru’ knowledge:

 Improving storage and preservation of foods to cover ‘lean’ seasons;

4. Post-Harvest Preservation& Food Fortification: - Increase the nutritional content of foods thru’ biofortification [Amaranth flour, Sweet Potato/Banana flour, Moringa powder, Fermenting cereals (Sorghum, millet), Pumpkin flour and seeds, Micronutrient powders]

5. Hygiene & sanitation education

IMPORTANT NOTE:

• Explore linkages between CFA and other Complimentary interventions e.g Sectors,