Sap Retail

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© Copyright 1998 SAP AG. All rights reserved.

No part of this brochure may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or for any purpose without the express permission of SAP AG. The information contained herein may be changed without prior notice.

SAP AG further does not warrant the accuracy or completeness of the information, text, graphics, links, or other items contained within these materials. SAP AG shall not be liable for any special, indirect, incidental, or consequential damages, including without limitation, lost revenues or lost profits, which may result from the use of these materials. The information in this documentation is subject to change without notice and does not represent a commitment on the part of SAP AG for the future.

Some software products marketed by SAP AG and its distributors contain proprietary software components of other software vendors.

Microsoft®, WINDOWS®, NT®, EXCEL® and SQL-Server® are registered trademarks of Microsoft Corporation.

IBM®, DB2®, OS/2®, DB2/6000®, Parallel Sysplex®, MVS/ESA®, RS/6000®, AIX®, S/390®, AS/400®, OS/390®, and OS/400® are registered trademarks of IBM Corporation.

OSF/Motif® is a registered trademark of Open Software Foundation.

ORACLE® is a registered trademark of ORACLE Corporation, California, USA.

INFORMIX®-OnLine IRU6$3 is a registered trademark of Informix Software Incorporated. UNIX® and X/Open® are registered trademarks of SCO Santa Cruz Operation.

ADABAS® is a registered trademark of Software AG.

SAP®, R/2®, R/3®, RIVA®, ABAP/4®, SAP ArchiveLink®, SAPaccess®, SAPmail®,

SAPoffice®, SAP-EDI®, R/3 Retail®, SAP EarlyWatch®, SAP Business Workflow®, ALE/WEB, Team SAP, BAPI, Management Cockpit are registered or unregistered trademarks of SAP AG.

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Integration of SAP Retail in the R/3 Environment ... 28

Areas of Application of SAP Retail ... 29

Distributed Retailing ... 30

7KLV'RFXPHQWDWLRQ   This Documentation: Link to Corresponding General Documentation ... 32

2UJDQL]DWLRQDO6WUXFWXUH  Organizational Structure: Example... 35

Organizational Structure: Example Graphic ... 36

Organizational Structure: Corporate Group... 37

Organizational Structure: Purchasing Organization ... 38

Organizational Structure: Purchasing Area ... 40

Organizational Structure: Purchasing Group... 41

Organizational Structure: Company Code... 42

Organizational Structure: Sales Organization ... 43

Organizational Structure: Distribution Channel ... 44

Organizational Structure: Distribution Chain ... 45

Organizational Structure: Division ... 46

Organizational Structure: Sales Area ... 47

Organizational Structure: Sales Office ... 48

Organizational Structure: Sales Group... 49

Organizational Structure: Site ... 50

Organizational Structure: Site Group ... 51

Organizational Structure: Customer ... 52

Organizational Structure: Vendor ... 53

Organizational Structure: Stock Planner Group ... 54

Organizational Structure: Storage Location ... 55

Organizational Structure: Department, Receiving Point and Unloading Point ... 56

Organizational Structure: Sales Department... 58

%DFNJURXQG3URFHVVLQJ   Background Processing: Site ... 60

Background Processing: Setting Central Block for Sites ... 61

Background Processing: Conditions ... 62

Background Processing: Generating a Worklist of Changed Conditions... 63

Background Processing: Adjusting Documents after Condition Changes ... 64

Background Processing: Assortment ... 65

Background Processing: Value-Only Article Listing... 66

Background Processing: Change Assortment Automatically Following Master Data Changes ... 67

Background Processing: Assortment List... 68

Background Processing: Initializing Outbound Assortment List... 69

Background Processing: Outbound Processing for Assortment List ... 70

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Background Processing: Message Bundling... 72

Background Processing: Pricing ... 73

Background Processing: Pricing Worklist Based on Changes to Factors Relevant to Pricing... 74

Background Processing: Requirements Planning ... 75

Background Processing: Forecast per Period Indicator... 76

Background Processing: Total Planning per Site... 77

Background Processing: Allocation... 78

Background Processing: Message Bundling... 79

Background Processing: Ordering ... 80

Background Processing: Adjusting Purchasing Documents after Condition Changes ... 81

Background Processing: Invoice Verification ... 82

Background Processing: Immediate Invoice Verification or Periodic Invoice Verification .. 83

Background Processing: Preparing the Advance Return for Tax on Sales/Purchases for Parked Documents... 84

Background Processing: Subsequent (End-of-Period) Settlement ... 85

Background Processing: Settling Rebate Arrangements... 86

Background Processing: Extension of Periodic Rebate Arrangements... 87

Background Processing: Compilation of Statistics and Retroactive Updating of Vendor Business Volume... 88

Background Processing: Inventory Management ... 89

Background Processing: Sales Price Revaluation ... 90

Background Processing: Shipping and Transportation ... 91

Background Processing: Replenishment for Fixed Bins ... 92

Background Processing: Replenishment ... 93

Background Processing: Forecast Weighting Factors ... 94

Background Processing: Auto-Replenishment ... 95

Background Processing: POS Interface... 96

Background Processing: Initializing Outbound Processing... 97

Background Processing: Periodic Outbound Processing for Stores... 98

Background Processing: Repeating Terminated/Buffered POS Inbound Processing ... 99

Background Processing: Repeating Unsuccessful POS Inbound Processing... 100

Background Processing: Information and Planning System ... 101

%XVLQHVV3URFHVVHV  Processes at Headquarters ... 103

Processes in Distribution Centers ... 106

Processes in Stores... 108

Processes in Sales Offices... 110

0DVWHU'DWD   6LWH   Functions ... 114

Site: Distribution Chains and Site Categories ... 115

Site: Number Assignment ... 116

Site: Site Profiles ... 117

Site: Franchisee ... 118

Site: Data Sets and Data Maintenance Levels ... 119

Site: Reference Site ... 121

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Site: Currency Changeover ... 125

Site: Groups ... 126

Site: Site Layout ... 127

Site: Use of Industry Master Data ... 129

Site: Site Discontinuation ... 130

Business Processes ... 131

Site Processing ... 132

Site Processing: Procedure ... 134

Customer Processing for Site: Procedure... 136

Additional Site Data: Procedure... 137

Vendor Processing for Site: Procedure... 139

Site Block ... 140

Setting a General Site Block: Procedure ... 142

Blocking a Site in Its Capacity as a Customer: Procedure ... 143

Blocking a Site in Its Capacity as a Vendor: Procedure ... 145

9HQGRU  Functions ... 150

Vendor: Vendor Categories... 151

Vendor: Number Assignment ... 152

Vendor: Account Group... 153

Vendor: Vendor Sub-Range ... 154

Vendor: Data Retention Levels ... 155

Vendor: Business Partners ... 157

Vendor: Partner Functions in the Standard System... 158

Vendor: Relationship Between Account Group and Partner Function... 160

Vendor: Partner Determination Procedures in the Standard System ... 162

Vendor: Contact Persons ... 164

Vendor: Vendor Characteristic Values ... 165

Vendor: Forwarding Changes ... 167

Vendor: Customizing Settings... 168

Vendor: Data Retention Levels and the Next-Level Principle... 169

Vendor: Data segments ... 171

Vendor: Determining the Relevant Purchasing Info Record ... 173

Vendor: Determining the Relevant Article Master Segments ... 174

Vendor: SAP Blocking Mechanism ... 176

Vendor: Planning Changes ... 177

Vendor: Returns with a Delivery... 178

Vendor: Rack Jobber... 179

Rack Jobber: Master Data ... 180

Rack Jobber: Initial Supply of Goods to the Store ... 181

Rack Jobber: Selling Merchandise in the Stores ... 182

Rack Jobber: Subsequent Supply... 183

Rack Jobber: Goods Receipt ... 184

Rack Jobber: Settlement with the Rack Jobber... 185

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Rack Jobber: Other Goods Movements... 187

Rack Jobber: Physical Inventory... 188

Rack Jobber: Transferring Goods to Your Own Stock... 189

Vendor Hierarchy ... 190

About Vendor Hierarchies ... 191

Using Vendor Hierarchy categories ... 193

Building a Vendor Hierarchy ... 194

Creating a Vendor Hierarchy Node: Procedure ... 196

Assigning a Node Within a Vendor Hierarchy: Procedure... 197

Assigning a Vendor to a Node in a Vendor Hierarchy: Procedure ... 198

Defining Partners as Nodes in a Vendor Hierarchy... 199

Using Organizational Data in a Vendor Hierarchy... 200

Using Validity Periods in a Vendor Hierarchy... 201

Using a Vendor Hierarchy During Purchase Order Processing... 202

Partner Determination for Vendor Hierarchy Nodes... 203

Displaying the Vendor Hierarchy Path in Purchasing Documents: Procedure... 205

Vendor Hierarchies and Price Determination ... 206

Maintaining a Vendor Hierarchy... 207

Adding a New Vendor Hierarchy Node : Procedure ... 208

Changing the Assignment of a Vendor Hierarchy Node: Procedure ... 209

Changing Validity Data in a Vendor Hierarchy: Procedure... 211

Deleting the Assignment of a Vendor Hierarchy Node: Procedure ... 212

Updating a Vendor Hierarchy: Procedure... 213

Analyzing Errors During Vendor Hierarchy Maintenance: Procedure ... 214

Business Processes ... 215

Vendor Processing ... 216

Creating a Vendor: Procedure ... 217

Creating Planned Changes in the Vendor Master (General Data and Purchasing Data): Procedure... 221

Activating Planned Changes Online in the Vendor Master : Procedure ... 222

Displaying Accounts Payable Changes to a Vendor: Procedure... 223

Displaying Accounts Payable Changes to Several Vendors: Procedure... 224

Displaying Planned Account Changes for a Vendor: Procedure ... 225

Vendor Block ... 226

Vendor: Setting a Purchasing/Posting Block: Procedure... 228

Vendor: Setting a Purchasing Block for Sites and/or Vendor Sub-Ranges: Procedure229 Vendor: Setting a Payment Block for Specific Company Codes: Procedure... 230

Vendor: Setting a Block for Quality Reasons in the Vendor Master: Procedure ... 231

$UWLFOH0DVWHU'DWD   Functions ... 234

Articles: Article Master Records ... 235

Articles: Basic Data ... 237

Articles: Listing Data ... 239

Articles: Purchasing Data... 241

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Articles: Logistics Data for Distribution Centers... 245

Articles: Warehouse Management Data ... 246

Articles: Logistics Data for Stores ... 247

Articles: When Is Logistics Data Differently Maintained? ... 249

Articles: Default Valuation Types in Accounting ... 251

Articles: POS Data ... 252

Articles: Article Numbers ... 253

Articles: Organizational Levels ... 254

Articles: User Department and Organizational Level... 256

Articles: Identically Maintained Organizational Levels... 257

Articles: Differently Maintained Organizational Levels... 260

Articles: Merchandise Categories ... 263

Articles: Article Types... 264

Articles: Empties ... 265

Articles: Assigning Empties to a Full Product and Unit... 266

Articles: Article Categories ... 267

Articles: Single Articles... 269

Articles: Generic Articles and Variants... 270

Articles: Sets ... 272

Articles: Displays... 273

Articles: Prepacks ... 274

Articles: Merchandise Category Articles ... 275

Articles: Hierarchy Articles ... 276

Articles: Group Articles... 277

Articles: Merchandise Category Reference Articles ... 278

Articles: EAN Management ... 279

Articles: Taxes... 282

Articles: Reference Data ... 283

Articles: Reference Articles ... 284

Articles: Reference Data from the Generic Article ... 285

Articles: Reference Sites... 286

Articles: Reference Data from the Same Article ... 287

Articles: Reference Data from Customizing ... 288

Articles: Reference Data from Profiles... 289

Articles: Reference Data from a Vendor Master Record ... 290

Articles: Reference Data for Seasonal Articles ... 291

Articles: Reference Data from Constants... 292

Articles: Transfer and Distribution of Article Master Data ... 293

Articles: IDoc Types for Distributing Article Master Data ... 294

Articles: IDoc Type ARTMAS01 for Pure Article Master Data ... 296

Articles: Online Functions and Their Support in ALE... 297

Articles: Number Assignment in ALE... 298

Articles: User Departments in ALE ... 299

Articles: Article Categories in ALE ... 300

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Articles: Checks in ALE... 302

Articles: Field Selection in ALE... 303

Articles: Error Handling ... 304

Articles: Article Discontinuation ... 305

Article Discontinuation: Procedure... 307

Business Processes ... 309

Article Processing... 310

Article Processing: Procedure... 311

Article Block... 315

Blocking an Article: Procedure ... 316

0HUFKDQGLVH&DWHJRU\   Functions ... 320

Merchandise Category: Merchandise Category Hierarchy ... 321

Merchandise Category: Value-Only Article Categories... 323

Merchandise Category: In the Context of the Classification System ... 324

Merchandise Category: Fields Relevant to Creating a Merchandise Category ... 327

Merchandise Category: Possibilities for and Consequences of Changes ... 330

Merchandise Category: Reclassification of Articles and Merchandise Categories... 331

Merchandise Category: Transferring Data From a Non-SAP System or Legacy System 334 Business Processes ... 335

Characteristics Processing... 336

Creating a Characteristic: Procedure... 337

Merchandise Category Processing ... 339

Creating a Characteristics Profile: Procedure... 341

Assigning Characteristics to Merchandise Category Objects: Procedure ... 342

Creating a Merchandise Category: Procedure ... 343

Creating a Merchandise Category Hierarchy Level: Procedure ... 345

Creating Assignments to the Merchandise Category: Procedure... 346

Assigning a Merchandise Category Hierarchy Level: Procedure ... 347

Article and Merchandise Category Reclassification ... 348

Creating a Reclassification Version for Merchandise Categories/Articles: Procedure 350 Activating a Reclassification Version for Merchandise Categories/Articles: Procedure351 Deleting a Reclassification Version for Merchandise Categories/Articles: Procedure 352 &RQGLWLRQV   Functions ... 355

Conditions: Interchanging Conditions Between Different Systems... 356

Conditions: Purpose of VAKEY in Condition IDoc Segment E1KOMG ... 358

Conditions: Transferring Conditions from Orders ... 359

Business Processes ... 361

Condition Processing (Vendor) ... 362

Creating a Condition: Procedure... 363

Creating Conditions With User-Defined Condition Types: Procedure ... 364

Defining Vendor Prices: Procedure... 365

Making Global Pricing Changes: Procedure ... 367

&XVWRPHU   Functions ... 370

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Customer: Customers and Business Partners ... 371

Customer: Customer Master Records... 372

Customer: Partner Functions ... 373

Customer: Account Groups ... 375

Customer: Structure ... 376

Customer: Data ... 378

Customer: Number Assignment ... 380

Customer: One-Time Customers ... 381

Customer: Help in Creating a New Master Record ... 383

Customer: Master Data Grouping ... 384

Business Processes ... 385

Customer Processing ... 386

Creating a Customer (Sold-To Party): Procedure... 387

Customer Block ... 389

Customer: Setting Posting and Sales and Distribution Blocks: Procedure... 391

Customer: Setting a Payment Block for a Single Company Code: Procedure ... 393

&ODVVLILFDWLRQ   Functions ... 396

Classification: Class Hierarchies... 397

Business Processes ... 398

Characteristics Processing... 399

Creating a Characteristic: Procedure... 400

Reclassification of Objects in Hierarchical Class Types ... 402

Creating a Reclassification Version for Objects in Hierarchical Class Types: Procedure404 Activating a Reclassification Version for Objects in Hierarchical Class Types: Procedure405 Deleting a Reclassification Version for Objects in Hierarchical Class Types: Procedure406 6WUDWHJLF6DOHV   $VVRUWPHQW  Functions ... 411

Assortment: Assortment Management... 412

Assortment: Assortment Modules ... 415

Assortment: Listing Conditions... 418

Assortment: Listing Windows ... 419

Assortment: Listing Procedures ... 420

Assortment: Subsequent Listing ... 421

Assortment: Removing an Article From Assortments ... 422

Assortment: Automatic Assortment Correction ... 424

Assortment: Analytical Reports ... 425

Assortment: Assortment List ... 427

Assortment: Assortment List Message Generation ... 428

Assortment: Assortment List Version Management... 433

Business Processes ... 435

Assortment Module Maintenance... 436

Assortment Module Maintenance: Procedure... 437

Assortment Module Assignment Maintenance... 438

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Assortment Processing ... 441

Assortment Processing: Procedure ... 442

Assortment User Assignment Maintenance ... 443

Assortment User Assignment Maintenance: Procedure ... 444

Assortment List Generation... 445

Manually Requesting an Assortment List: Procedure... 447

Automatically Generating an Assortment List: Procedure ... 448

Assortment List Status Reorganization: Procedure ... 449

Deleting an Assortment List: Procedure ... 450

Displaying the Assortment List Cycle: Procedure ... 451

3URGXFW&DWDORJ   Functions ... 455

Product Catalog: Basic Data ... 456

Product Catalog: Layout... 457

Product Catalog: Generic Articles, Variants, and Sets ... 458

Product Catalog: Article Selection... 460

Product Catalog: Text... 461

Product Catalog: Multimedia Objects... 462

Product Catalog: Status and Export Information... 463

Product Catalog: Internet Product Catalog and Internet Online Store... 464

Business Processes ... 466

Product Catalog Processing... 467

Product Catalog Processing: Procedure... 468

6HDVRQ   Functions ... 473

Season: Markdown Planning ... 474

Season: Markdown Rules ... 475

Season: Markdown Types ... 476

Season: Markdown Plans ... 477

Season: Activating Price Phases and Monitoring the Results ... 478

Seasons: Currency Changeover for Markdown Planning... 479

Business Processes ... 480

Markdown Planning... 481

Markdown Planning: Procedure... 482

Processing Markdown Rules... 484

Markdown Rule Processing: Procedure... 485

3URPRWLRQ  Functions ... 489

Promotion: Basic Data... 490

Promotion: Assigning Articles to a Promotion ... 491

Changing Quantities for Generic Articles and Variants ... 492

Promotion: Assortment Modules and Store Groups ... 493

Promotion: Conditions and Agreements ... 494

Promotion: Validity Periods (Retail and Wholesale) ... 495

Promotion: Status... 498

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Promotion: Supply Source Determination ... 501

Promotion: Split Valuation for Promotion Merchandise ... 502

Promotion: How Split Valuation Is Controlled ... 503

Example Using Valuation Categories and Types ... 504

Promotion: Split Valuation and Inventory Management... 505

Split Valuation Example ... 506

Promotion: Split Valuation and Revenue Posting ... 507

Promotion: Announcement... 508

Promotion: Replenishment Planning... 510

Promotion: Product Catalog Planning ... 511

Product Catalog Planning Example ... 513

Promotion: Displaying Data for Promotions ... 514

Promotions: Currency Changeover... 515

Business Processes ... 516

Promotion Processing ... 517

Creating a Promotion: Procedure ... 519

3ULFLQJ  Functions ... 526

Pricing: What Pricing Does... 527

Pricing: Planned Markups ... 529

Pricing: Price Points ... 530

Pricing: Currency... 531

Pricing: Conversion to the New European Currency (Euro) ... 532

Pricing: Supply Source Determination ... 534

Pricing: Calculation Schema ... 535

Pricing: Calculating Prices ... 537

Retail Price... 541

Gross Margin ... 542

Actual Markup ... 543

Gross Sales Price ... 544

Pricing: Calculating Prices for Site Groups ... 545

Pricing: Two-Step Calculation for Stores ... 546

Pricing: Sales Price Calculation for Generic Articles and Variants ... 548

Pricing: Promotions Involving Variant Pricing ... 550

Pricing: Pricing Overview Screen... 551

Pricing: Pricing Documents ... 552

Pricing: Cancelling Price Changes... 554

Pricing: Pricing Worklists ... 555

Pricing: List Groups... 557

Pricing: Fields and List Variants in the Pricing Calculation Display... 558

Business Processes ... 559

Sales Price Calculation ... 560

Sales Price Calculation: Procedure ... 561

Pricing Worklist Processing... 563

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3XUFKDVLQJ   5HTXLUHPHQWV3ODQQLQJ 

Functions ... 567

Requirements Planning: Supply Source Determination in SAP Retail ... 568

Requirements Planning: Structured Articles ... 569

Requirements Planning: Calculation of the Quantity Required of Header Article from the Component Quantities ... 570

6WRFN$OORFDWLRQ  Functions ... 575

Allocation: Allocation Rule... 576

Allocation: Manually Creating an Allocation Rule ... 577

Allocation: Allocation Rule Generation... 579

Allocation: Example of Allocation rule Generation with Allocation Categories ... 581

Allocation: Fixing an Allocation Rule... 583

Allocation: Allocation Table ... 584

Allocation: Components of an Allocation Table ... 585

Allocation: Generic articles ... 587

Allocation: Structured Articles ... 588

Allocation: Creating an Allocation Table Referencing a Shipping Notification... 589

Allocation: Scheduling in the Allocation Table ... 590

Allocation: Delivery Phases in the Allocation Table... 591

Allocation: Listing Check in the Allocation Table ... 592

Allocation: Quantities in the Allocation Table... 593

Allocation: Example of Order Quantity Optimizing in Allocation Tables ... 595

Allocation: Supply Source Determination in the Allocation Table ... 597

Allocation: Logs in the Allocation Table ... 598

Allocation: Allocation Table Status... 599

Allocation: Creating a Worklist for Follow-On Document Generation ... 602

Allocation: Texts in the Allocation Table ... 603

Allocation: Site Groups in the Classification System ... 604

Allocation: Allocation Strategy ... 605

Allocation: Notifications ... 606

Allocation: Allocation Table Notification ... 608

Allocation: Request Notification ... 609

Allocation: Confirmation Notification ... 610

Allocation: Allocation Table Notifications for Distribution Centers ... 611

Allocation: Replies from the Sites ... 612

Allocation: Urging a Reply... 613

Allocation: How Notifications Interact with Follow-On Documents ... 614

Allocation: Follow-On Document Generation ... 615

Allocation: Business Scenarios in the Allocation Table (Item Category) ... 616

Allocation: Worklists ... 618

Allocation: Example of a Worklist... 619

Allocation: Updates ... 620

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Allocation: Allocation Table Adjustment Following a Goods Receipt... 622

Allocation: Adjusting the Allocation Table Online ... 623

Allocation: Allocation Profile for Controlling Allocation Table Adjustment ... 624

Business Processes ... 625

Allocation Table Processing ... 626

Creating an Allocation Table: Procedure ... 628

Creating an Allocation Table Referencing a Shipping Notification: Procedure... 630

Allocation Table with Generic Articles: Procedure ... 631

Requesting an Allocation Instruction for the Distribution Center: Procedure... 632

Allocation Rule Processing... 633

Creating an Allocation Table: Procedure ... 634

Creating Model Allocation Rules: Procedure ... 635

Displaying Allocation Rule List: Procedure ... 636

Allocation Rule Generation... 637

Creating an Allocation Table: Procedure ... 639

Changing Site Assignments in Allocation Rules Already Generated: Procedure ... 640

Generation of Documents Following On From the Allocation Table (Follow-On Document Generation) ... 641

Generating Follow-On Documents for Allocation Table Items: Procedure ... 643

Generating Follow-On Documents using a Worklist: Procedure ... 644

Allocation Table Notification Processing ... 646

Creating Notifications of Stock Allocation (Allocation Table Notifications): Procedure 648 Entering Reply Notifications in Allocation Tables: Procedure... 649

Adjusting the Allocation Table Referencing a Goods Receipt ... 650

Adjusting an Allocation Table Following Goods Receipt Entry: Procedure ... 652

Closing an Allocation Table for Goods Receipts: Procedure... 654

2UGHULQJ  Functions ... 658

Supply Source Determination ... 659

Supply Source Determination: Checking Quota Arrangements ... 661

Supply Source Determination: Checking the Source List ... 662

Supply Source Determination: Checking the Supply Source in the Article Master ... 663

Supply Source Determination: Requests for Quotations (RFQs) and Quotations... 665

Order Optimizing ... 667

Order Optimizing: Order Quantity Optimizing ... 668

Order Optimizing: Master Data ... 670

Order Optimizing: Static Rounding Profile ... 672

Order Optimizing: Dynamic Rounding Profile ... 674

Order Optimizing: Threshold Values... 676

Order Optimizing: Quantity Comparison for Schedule Lines in Sales Orders... 677

Order Optimizing: Investment Buying ... 679

Order Optimizing: Requirements Determination Procedure in Investment Buying 680 Order Optimizing: Determining Requirements for Investment Buying in the Background or Online ... 681

Order Optimizing: Control Options for Determining Requirements in Investment Buying ... 682

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Order Optimizing: Analysis Functions in Investment Buying ... 683

Order Optimizing: Load Building ... 684

Business Processes ... 687

Contract Processing ... 688

Creating a Contract: Procedure ... 690

Scheduling Agreement Processing ... 693

Creating a Scheduling Agreement: Procedure ... 695

Purchase Requisition Processing ... 698

Creating a Purchase Requisition: Procedure... 700

Monitoring Purchase Requisitions: Procedure... 702

Purchase Requisition Assignment ... 703

Assigning a Purchase Requisition: Procedure... 704

,QYRLFH9HULILFDWLRQ  Business Processes ... 708

Invoice Entry... 709

Invoice Entry: Procedure... 710

Difference Processing (Invoice Verification) ... 711

Searching for Errors: Procedure ... 712

Automatic Invoice Verification ... 713

Automatic Invoice Verification: Procedure ... 715

Blocking Reason Processing (Invoice Verification)... 716

Deleting a Blocking Reason: Procedure ... 717

6XEVHTXHQW(QGRI3HULRG5HEDWH6HWWOHPHQW   Functions ... 720

Rebate Settlement: Full Cycle... 721

Rebate Arrangements ... 723

Conditions ... 725

Main Conditions ... 727

Scaled Conditions ... 728

Period-Specific Conditions... 729

Example of Final Settlement with Respect to Period Conditions ... 731

Retrospective Creation of Rebate Arrangements ... 733

Updating of Cumulative Business Volumes ... 735

Purchase Order as Prerequisite for Business Volume Update... 737

Process of Updating Cumulative Business Volume Data ... 739

Example of Business Volume Update for a Condition... 740

Retrospective Updating of Vendor Business Volumes ... 741

Retrospective Compilation of the Document Index ... 745

Recompilation of Information Structures... 747

Recompilation of Vendor Business Volumes... 748

Comparison and Agreement of Business Volumes ... 749

Settlement Accounting ... 750

Settlement Type ... 752

Settlement List ... 755

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How SAP Business Workflow Supports the Settlement Accounting Process ... 757

Broker Processing ... 758

Interchange of Conditions Between Different Systems... 759

Transferring Data From Another System ... 760

Transferring Data From Another System: Procedure ... 762

Subsequent Settlement: Currency Changeover ... 764

Business Processes ... 767

Rebate Arrangement Processing (Vendor) ... 768

Creating a Rebate Arrangement: Procedure ... 770

Creating a Rebate Arrangement Using the Referencing Technique: Procedure... 772

Processing Period-Specific Conditions: Procedure ... 773

Extending a Rebate Arrangement Using a Report: Procedure... 774

Manually Extending a Rebate Arrangement: Procedure ... 775

Settlement Accounting: Conditions Requiring Subsequent Settlement (Vendor) ... 776

Comparison/Agreement of Business Volumes: Procedure... 778

Settlement Accounting for an Individual Rebate Arrangement: Procedure ... 780

Settlement Accounting for Volume Rebate Arrangements via a Report: Procedure ... 782

Settlement Accounting for Volume Rebate Arrangements via Workflow: Procedure .. 783

Subsequent Compilation of Statistics: Procedure... 784

Displaying Open Purchasing Documents Relating to Volume Rebate Arrangements: Procedure... 786

Displaying Information on Updated Statistical Records: Procedure ... 787

0HUFKDQGLVH/RJLVWLFV  *RRGV5HFHLSW   Functions ... 792

Goods Receipt: Identification ... 793

Goods Receipt: Rough Goods Receipt ... 795

Goods Receipt: Check ... 797

Goods Receipt: Shelf Life Expiration Date Check ... 799

Goods Receipt: Document Processing ... 801

Goods Receipt: Repercussions... 803

Goods Receipt: Special Functions ... 804

Goods Receipt: Special Article Categories ... 806

Goods Receipt: Appointments ... 807

Goods Receipt: Example of an Appointment ... 809

Goods Receipt: Editing Appointments Manually... 810

Goods Receipt: Analyses for Appointments ... 811

Goods Receipt: Customer Enhancements for Appointments ... 812

Goods Receipt: Automatic Generation of Appointments ... 813

Goods Receipt: Automatic Determination of the Appointment Length Based on Workload... 815

Goods Receipt: Entering Appointments Manually Using the Planning Board ... 817

Goods Receipt: Entering Appointments Manually Using a Worklist ... 818

Goods Receipt: Store Goods Receipt ... 819

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Goods Receipt: Identifying a Store Goods Receipt ... 821

Goods Receipt: How the Head Office Handles the Store Goods Receipt ... 822

Goods Receipt: Errors and Exceptions at Store Goods Receipt ... 824

Business Processes ... 826

Goods Receipt Planning... 827

Goods Receipt Planning: Procedure... 828

Rough Goods Receipt Processing ... 829

Creating a Rough Goods Receipt: Procedure ... 830

Goods Receipt Processing with Reference Document ... 831

Entering a Goods Receipt with Reference Document: Procedure ... 833

Goods Receipt Processing... 835

Entering a Goods Receipt: Procedure ... 836

Goods Receipt (Store)... 837

Goods Receipt (Store): Procedure... 839

Goods Receipt Processing (Store)... 840

Return Delivery... 842

Return Delivery from Stock or Consumption: Procedure... 843

Return Delivery from Blocked Stock: Procedure ... 844

,QYHQWRU\0DQDJHPHQW  Functions ... 847

Inventory Management: Basic Principles ... 848

Inventory Management: Stock Types ... 849

Inventory Management: Article Type ... 850

Inventory Management: Transactions... 851

Inventory Management: Analyses... 853

Inventory Management: Stock Overview ... 855

Inventory Management: Stock Types Updated ... 856

Inventory Management: Stock Types Calculated via Open Document Items ... 858

Inventory Management: Stock Overview Display Levels... 860

Inventory Management: Stock Overview Display Variants... 861

Inventory Management: Stock Overview Display Versions ... 863

Inventory Management: Batches ... 864

Inventory Management: Special Stocks... 865

Inventory Management: Inventory Management at Value-Only Article Level... 867

Inventory Management: Controlling Inventory Management on a Value-Only Basis .. 868

Inventory Management on an Article Basis: Example ... 870

Inventory Management on a Value-Only Basis at the Merchandise-Category Article Level: Example ... 871

Inventory Management on a Value-Only Basis at the Hierarchy Article Level: Example ... 872

Inventory Management on a Value-Only Basis at the Merchandise Category Article Level with Exceptions: Example ... 873

Inventory Management: Stock Overview for Value-Only Articles ... 874

Inventory Management: Special Articles Categories ... 875

Inventory Management: Generic Articles... 876

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Inventory Management: Processing Empties ... 879

Inventory Management: Managing Empties Components in Bills of Material ... 880

Inventory Management: Special Stock Type for Tied Empties... 881

Inventory Management: Automatic Inclusion of Empties Components in Documents882 Inventory Management: Automatic Posting of Differences for Empties Components in Physical Inventory ... 883

Inventory Management: Stock List of Empties ... 884

Business Processes ... 886

Reservation Processing ... 887

Creating a Reservation ... 889

Processing Reservations ... 890

Creating a Reservation Using a Reference Document... 892

Planning Goods Receipts Using Reservations ... 893

Changing a Reservation... 894

Changing a Reservation ... 895

Changing the Requirement Date ... 896

Changing the Requirement Quantity ... 897

Changing the Movement Allowed Indicator ... 898

Changing the Final Issue Indicator ... 899

Checking Availability... 900

Deleting an Item... 901

Enter New Items ... 902

Displaying a Reservation ... 903

Managing Reservations ... 905

Tasks of the Reservations Management Program ... 906

Functions of the Reservations Management Program ... 907

Running the Reservations Management Program ... 909

Stock Transfer in a Single Step... 910

Using the One-Step Procedure With a Reservation - Storage Location... 912

Using the One-Step Procedure With a Reservation - Plant... 913

Using the One-Step Procedure Without a Reservation - Storage Location... 914

Using the One-Step Procedure Without a Reservation - Plant... 915

Stock Transfer From Company Code to Company Code ... 916

Stock Transfer in Two Steps ... 917

Two-Step Procedure - Storage Location... 919

Entering Removal From Storage at Issuing Storage Location ... 921

Entering Placement Into Storage at Receiving Storage Location ... 922

Two-Step Procedure - Plant... 923

Entering the Removal From Storage At the Issuing Plant ... 925

Entering the Placement Into Storage At the Receiving Plant ... 926

Stock Transfer From Company Code to Company Code ... 927

Special Stock Movements (Store)... 928

9DOXDWLRQ  Functions ... 931

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Valuation: Controlling Sales Price Valuation (Retail Method) ... 934

Valuation: Sales Price Valuation and Goods Movements... 936

Valuation: Example of Splitting a Structured Article ... 939

Valuation: Sales Value Updates in the Retail Information System ... 940

Valuation: Displaying Stock at Sales Prices... 941

Valuation: Reasons for Sales Price Revaluation ... 943

Valuation: Revaluation Profiles ... 944

Revaluation: Manual Revaluation ... 946

Valuation: Automatic Sales Price Revaluation ... 947

Valuation: Automatic Revaluation when Price Calculations Change... 948

Valuation: Automatic Revaluation for Local Markdowns... 949

Valuation: Automatic Revaluation for Promotions ... 950

Valuation: Automatic Revaluation for Stock Transfers ... 951

Valuation: Automatic Revaluation for Postings with the Posting Date in the Past ... 953

Valuation: Revaluation for Local Markdowns ... 954

Valuation: Example of Sales Price Valuation with Different Sales Units ... 956

Valuation: Revaluation for Promotions... 957

Valuation: Sales Value Change Document ... 959

Business Processes ... 960

Sales Price Revaluation ... 961

Sales Price Revaluation: Procedure ... 963

:DUHKRXVH0DQDJHPHQW   Business Processes ... 966

Stock Placement Processing... 967

Stock Placement Processing: Procedure... 969

Stock Placement Strategies ... 971

Stock Removal Processing ... 972

Stock Removal Processing: Procedure ... 974

Stock Removal Strategies ... 976

Shipping Unit Storage ... 977

Storing Shipping Units... 980

Removing Shipping Units From Stock ... 981

Transferring Shipping Units ... 982

Replenishment Planning for Fixed Storage Bins ... 983

Replenishment Planning for Fixed Storage Bins: Procedure... 985

3K\VLFDO,QYHQWRU\   Functions ... 989

Physical Inventory: Methods ... 990

Physical Inventory: Stock for Which Physical Inventory Can Be Carried Out... 992

Physical Inventory: Store... 994

Physical Inventory: Without Warehouse Management ... 995

Physical Inventory: With Warehouse Management ... 996

Physical Inventory: Goods Movement Block... 998

Physical Inventory: Differences... 1000

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Physical Inventory: Value-Only Article Management ... 1004

Physical Inventory: Support for Carrying Out a Store Physical Inventory... 1005

Physical Inventory: Sending Physical Inventory Documents to a Store ... 1006

Physical Inventory: Structure of Intermediate Documents (IDocs) ... 1007

Physical Inventory: Processing the Count Data from a Store... 1009

Business Processes ... 1012

Physical Inventory Processing ... 1013

Creating a Physical Inventory Document: Procedure ... 1015

Subsequent Blocking of Articles for Postings: Procedure... 1017

Printing Count Lists: Procedure ... 1018

Transferring Physical Inventory IDocs: Procedure ... 1019

Freezing the Book Balance: Procedure ... 1020

Entering the Results of a Physical Inventory Count (Online): Procedure ... 1022

Setting the Zero Count Indicator: Procedure ... 1023

Triggering a Recount: Procedure... 1024

Posting Differences: Procedure ... 1025

Physical Inventory (Store) ... 1027

6KLSSLQJDQG7UDQVSRUWDWLRQ  Functions ... 1030

Shipping and Transportation: Printing the Retail Price in the Delivery Note... 1031

Shipping and Transportation: Replenishment for Fixed Bins... 1032

Business Processes ... 1033

Route Schedule Processing ... 1034

Creating a Route Schedule: Procedure ... 1036

Delivery Processing... 1037

Displaying the Retail Price in the Delivery: Procedure ... 1040

Creating Single Deliveries... 1041

Creating Deliveries without Reference... 1043

Collective Processing... 1044

Packing Processing... 1047

Packing Delivery Items ... 1049

Dividing Delivery Items for Packing ... 1051

Packing Deliveries in Shipment Documents ... 1052

Goods Issue Processing ... 1053

Posting Goods Issue for a Delivery... 1054

Posting Goods Issue in Collective Processing ... 1055

)RUHLJQ7UDGH  6DOHV  $GGLWLRQDOV   Functions ... 1061

Additionals: Master Data ... 1062

Additionals: Grouping Sites Together ... 1063

Additionals: Control ... 1064

Additionals: Examples of Procedures ... 1065

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Additionals: Data Transmission via the Assortment List IDoc... 1068

Business Processes ... 1069

Additionals ... 1070

Generating an Additionals IDoc Manually: Procedure ... 1072

Generating an Additionals IDoc Automatically: Procedure ... 1073

6WRUH2UGHU  Functions ... 1076

Store Order: Online Processing ... 1077

Store Order: Generating Store Orders Offline ... 1078

Store Order: Document Categories in Offline Processing ... 1080

Store Order: Working with the Sourcing Check ... 1082

Store Order: Rules for the Sourcing Check ... 1083

Store Order: Offline Processing in the Head Office ... 1084

Store Order: Checking Offline Processing Data ... 1085

Store Order: Adding to Offline Processing Data ... 1086

Store Order: Offline Processing Confirmation ... 1088

Store Order: Handling Offline Processing Errors... 1089

Store Order: Alternative Methods of Supplying Stores with Merchandise ... 1091

Business Processes ... 1092

Store Order... 1093

Creating a Store Order: Procedure ... 1095

Store Order Processing... 1097

5HSOHQLVKPHQW   Functions ... 1102

Replenishment: Inventory Management Types ... 1103

Replenishment: Methods... 1104

Replenishment: Standard Method ... 1106

Replenishment: Simplified Method ... 1107

Replenishment: Inclusion of Expected Receipts and Issues ... 1109

Replenishment: Example Including Expected Receipts and Issues... 1110

Replenishment: Working with a Reorder Point ... 1111

Replenishment: Requirement Groups... 1112

Replenishment: Example of the Use of Requirement Groups ... 1113

Replenishment: Master Data... 1115

Replenishment: Site Master Data ... 1116

Replenishment: Article Master Data in Article Maintenance... 1117

Replenishment: Article Master Data in an Auxiliary Transaction in Replenishment .. 1118

Replenishment: Forecast ... 1120

Replenishment: Planning Replenishments ... 1121

Business Processes ... 1123

Replenishment ... 1124

Creating Replenishment Master Data: Procedure ... 1125

Changing Weighting Factors for Replenishment: Procedure... 1127

Carrying out the Forecast for Replenishment: Procedure ... 1128

Planning Replenishments: Procedure... 1129

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Functions ... 1131

Sales Support: Product Catalog ... 1132

6DOHV2UGHU3URFHVVLQJ   Functions ... 1134

Sales Order Processing: Basic Functions... 1135

Sales Order Processing: How Sales Documents Are Structured ... 1136

Sales Order Processing: Sales Order Quantity Optimizing ... 1138

Sales Order Processing: Sales Order with Promotion Determination ... 1139

Sales Order Processing: Blocking a Sales Order ... 1140

Sales Order Processing: Different Types of Payment ... 1141

Business Processes ... 1142

Sales Order Processing ... 1143

Creating a Sales Order: Procedure... 1146

Creating a Sales Order with Promotion Determination: Procedure ... 1147

Processing Goods Offered to Customers on Approval (Store) ... 1149

%LOOLQJ  Functions ... 1152

Business Processes ... 1153

Billing Document Processing... 1154

Billing Document Processing: Procedure... 1155

Processing the Billing Due List: Procedure... 1156

Invoice List Processing... 1157

Creating Invoice Lists... 1158

Rebate Settlement (Customer) ... 1159

Carrying out Partial Settlement ... 1161

Carrying out Final Settlement ... 1162

Carrying out Final Settlement as a Background Task ... 1163

&RQVLJQPHQW6WRFN   Functions ... 1165

Consignment Stock: Special Stock Partner ... 1166

Consignment Stock: Sales Order Types ... 1167

Consignment Stock: Pricing and Availability Check... 1168

'LVWULEXWHG5HWDLOLQJ  326,QWHUIDFH   POS Interface - Outbound ... 1171

Functions ... 1172

POS Interface - Outbound: Information Flow... 1173

POS Interface - Outbound: Master Data... 1174

POS Interface - Outbound: Which Data is Distributed?... 1175

POS Interface - Outbound: Basic Settings... 1176

POS Interface - Outbound: How Is Data Distributed Periodically? ... 1177

Business Processes ... 1179

POS Interface - Outbound: Master Data Preparation ... 1180

Preparing Master Data: Procedure ... 1181

POS Interface - Inbound... 1182

 -XQH POS Interface - Inbound: Sales Data... 1185 POS Interface - Inbound: Payment Card Processing ... 1188 POS Interface - Inbound: Financial Transactions ... 1189 POS Interface - Inbound: Special Goods Movements ... 1190 POS Interface - Inbound: Store Goods Receipt... 1191 POS Interface - Inbound: Cashier Statistics ... 1192 POS Interface - Inbound: Store Order ... 1193 POS - Interface Inbound: Store Physical Inventory ... 1194 POS Interface - Inbound: Changing Master Data ... 1195 POS Interface - Inbound: Currency Changeover... 1196 POS Interface - Inbound: Performance... 1198 POS Interface-Inbound: Sales Audit / IDoc Editor ... 1199 POS Interface - Inbound: Integration in Financial Accounting ... 1200 Business Processes ... 1201 POS Interface - Inbound: Sales/Returns (Store) ... 1202 POS Interface - Inbound: Non-Cash Payment (Store)... 1203 POS Interface - Inbound: Financial Transactions (Store) ... 1204 POS Interface - Inbound: Master Data Processing (Store)... 1205 POS Interface Monitor ... 1206 Functions ... 1207 POS Interface Monitor: Error/Exception Processing... 1208 POS Interface Monitor: Exception Processing... 1209 POS Interface Monitor: How Workflow Interacts with the Applications ... 1210

5HPRWH$FFHVV   $SSOLFDWLRQ/LQN(QDEOLQJ$/(  ,QIRUPDWLRQ6\VWHP   &RPSRQHQWVRIWKH/RJLVWLFV,QIRUPDWLRQ6\VWHPDQG6WUXFWXUHRIWKH'RFXPHQWDWLRQ  )OH[LEOH3ODQQLQJ6\VWHP   2SHQWR%X\27%  Functions ... 1218 OTB: How It Works... 1219 OTB: Three Phases of Operation... 1220 OTB: Example Calculations for a Season... 1223 OTB: Planning and Monitoring OTB... 1227 OTB: Exception Reporting... 1228 OTB: Planning Hierarchy... 1229 OTB: Planning Method ... 1230 OTB: Ways to Plan... 1231 OTB: What to Plan ... 1232 OTB: Opening Stock ... 1235 OTB: Average Price Band Prices... 1237

6HDVRQDO0RGHOZLWK:HLJKWLQJ)DFWRUV 

Functions ... 1240 Seasonal Models with Weighting Factors: Formulae... 1241 Seasonal Model with Weighting Factors: Example... 1242

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Basic Principles

SAP Retail Overview [Page 26] This Documentation [Page 31] Organizational Structure [Page 34] Background Processing [Page 59] Business Processes [Page 102]

Concepts and Processes

(Top-Down Navigation)

Central Coordination

Master Data [Page 112] Strategic Sales [Page 407]

Local Operations

Purchasing [Page 565]

Merchandise Logistics [Page 788] Sales [Page 1057]

Distributed Retailing

POS Interface [Page 1170] Remote Access [Page 1211]

Application Link Enabling (ALE) [Page 1212]

Information and Planning

System

Information System [Page 1213] Planning System [Page 1216]

Currency Conversion (Euro) [Page 1244]

Processes

(Organizational View)

Processes at Headquarters [Page 103] Processes in Distribution Centers [Page 106]

Processes in Distribution Centers [Page 108]

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This section describes the structure of the documentation for SAP Retail, an overview of the areas in which the system is used, and information on the underlying organizational structures and processes.

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SAP Retail is a completely integrated retailing system. It maps the complete set of business processes required for competitive assortment strategies, different retail formats, and ECR-driven logistics and distribution. It provides all the functions necessary for modeling business processes in a retail company.

With SAP Retail, SAP has endeavored to model the full ´9DOXH&KDLQ´ all the links in the logistics pipeline from consumer to vendor. Retailers can thus optimize the whole array of business processes and control checks in managing the flow of merchandise and information among vendors, retailers and consumers.

The business process area “Retailing” comprises the procurement, storage, distribution, and sale of merchandise. SAP Retail supports both wholesale and retail scenarios.

The Retail Information System (RIS) enables goods movements to be planned, monitored and tracked throughout the whole supply chain.

The key retailing processes include:

• Assortment Management

• Sales Price Calculation

• Promotion Management

• Allocation

• Requirements Planning and Purchasing

• Goods Receipt

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• Warehouse Management

• Picking and Delivery

• Billing

• Store Supply

The retailing processes enable you to control and coordinate the whole value chain, and this react swiftly to changes in consumer behavior.

New trends, such as electronic commerce or ECR, flow continually into ongoing development cycles. SAP Retail also allows for changes in legal structures or business practices – franchising, for example. This ensures that retailers not only have a future-proof investment but are able to adapt swiftly to a changing market. The growth of your company is not hampered by system constraints, and you can incorporate changes in the real world smoothly and efficiently into the system.

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This Documentation: Link to Corresponding General Documentation [Page 32] Organizational Structure [Page 34]

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SAP Retail includes the base R/3 components such as Financial Accounting, Controlling and Human Resources. And at the heart of the system is functionality specially developed for 5HWDLOLQJ,65

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EDI / Internet Promotions Projects Workflow EDI / Internet Purchasing Replenishment

Planning Sales Customer Assortment Human Resources Information Management Retail Information System Financial Accounting Controlling

Layout planning Warehouse automation Transport POS

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SAP Retail is fully integrated in R/3, opening up whole new opportunities in the R/3 environment. Thus retailers and suppliers can work even closer together and become true allies in the value chain, without having to painstakingly build bridges between systems. Joint projects for optimizing business processes can be launched, tests carried out and the results accepted or rejected, without any large investments in uncertain projects being necessary.

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SAP Retail integrates all the key areas of retailing and wholesaling, all the various stages in the logistics chain and takes into account the differing requirements of different types of goods, from food and dairy to fashion and hardlines. It provides you with the tools necessary to model all the business processes in the retail sector.

Wholesale with

consumer goods Retail sector

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Distributed Retailing enables business processes to be decentralized. The use of distributed retailing systems (DRS) brings the following benefits for retailers:

• Improved performance

• Greater security

• They enable decentralized company policies, whereby sites have a high degree of autonomy, to be modeled in the system. This allows whole areas of responsibility to be assigned to those organizational unit at which information - on customers, vendors or goods movements - is usually gathered.

Distributed retailing can take three forms:

• POS Interface

• Remote Access to SAP R/3

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This documentation describes the SAP Retail functions and explains how they are used, along with examples from a number of business processes.

The documentation is aimed at all users of the system, especially those in the various application areas as well as administrators responsible for configuring and maintaining the system and who require basic practical skills in using the functions. You must have a knowledge of business management and know basically how to navigate in the R/3 system.

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This documentation describes the standard version of the SAP Retail System. Depending on how your system is configured, individual screens can look different or even be missing. You can see what you should enter in each individual screen by clicking on the field with the mouse and pressing )

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This documentation is not a guide to Customizing the system. Please use the SAP R/3 Implementation Guide (IMG)

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SAP Retail is a full-fledged, closed-loop system containing all the functions you require to model retail business processes. SAP Retail also includes general R/3 components such as Financial Accounting, Controlling and Human Resources.

At the heart of the SAP Retail system are functions specially developed for retailing. This is based in part on the R/3 Materials Management (MM), Sales and Distribution (SD), and Warehouse Management (WM) components.

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This documentation describes the functions developed specifically for retailing. For many topics, documentation also exists describing the functions in a more general context. If you would like to read about the more general context, please see the documentation referred to under the heading &RUUHVSRQGLQJ*HQHUDO'RFXPHQWDWLRQ.

In certain circumstances – for example, if your company also has manufacturing operations – you may use some components that are purely MM, SD or WM. In this case, you can reach the documentation for these areas by choosing +HOS→5OLEUDU\ from the menu.

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If you branch to the corresponding general documentation, the text that appears has a different structure to this documentation. Also, the terminology used is not specific to the retail sector but is the general terminology used throughout the whole SAP system.

The following terms differ, depending on where you are in the documentation:

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Article Material

Site Plant

Material Requirements Planning (MRP) Requirements Planning (RP) Logistics Calendar Factory calendar

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In certain situations – such as in the F1 help – the terminology of the general documentation (material, plant, etc.) is used and not the terminology specific to retail (article, site, etc.).

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Flexible organizational units make it possible to reproduce even the most complex corporate structures in the R/3 system. The large number of organizational units available in the R/3 system enables you to reflect the legal and organizational structure of your company in the system and represent it from different viewpoints.

The following is a list of the most important organizational units along with a short explanation of their meaning in SAP Retail. Many organizational units are also data retention levels; this means that if there is more than one of a particular organizational unit, different data can be stored for each one.

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The following example illustrates how the structure of a company could be reproduced in SAP Retail and explains what the various organizational units mean. The fictitious company has several subsidiaries, which themselves comprise several distribution chains.

Organizational Structure: Example Graphic [Page 36]

The organizational structure of the company in the example graphic would be modeled in SAP Retail as follows:

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The highest element in the whole corporate group hierarchy is the client. All the organizational units in a client are subject to the same control mechanisms. Data valid across the whole corporate group is stored at client level. In the example, the central purchasing department of the company is located in the SAP Retail structure at client level.

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Local purchasing departments are assigned to central purchasing. Each local purchasing department is responsible for a different distribution chain. Each local purchasing department corresponds to a company code or a purchasing organization in SAP Retail. Specific purchasing activities are assigned to individual purchasing groups.

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Local purchasing procures merchandise for different distribution chains centrally. Distribution chains in SAP Retail are a combination of sales organization and distribution channel. The sales organizations are assigned to different company codes.

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Distribution chains consist of distribution centers (DC) and stores. The generic term for DCs and stores in SAP Retail is “site.”

Sites are also managed as customers in the system.

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Sites can also be seen as a combination of one or more locations in close proximity to each other where stocks of merchandise can be found (examples are storage

locations and storage sections). Stores can also be subdivided into departments, which in turn can be understood as cost centers. Each department can be assigned a receiving point.

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The value chain concludes with the customer or consumer. If the customer is recorded in the system (and is therefore not a non-identifiable customer), natural persons can be defined in the customer master as the contact persons at that customer.

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The following illustration represents the structure of a typical retail business.

Local purchasing

Distribution chain Distribution chain

Store Distribution_center Distribution_center Store

Storage types Central purchasing Customer Customer Person Person Storage location Storage location Depart-ment Contact person Depart-ment Customers Storage location Department Cost center Site + Customer (Company code) Company code Sales organization Distribution channel Purchasing organization Company code Client Customer Customer

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At the top of the hierarchy of all the organizational units is the FRUSRUDWHJURXS. It corresponds to a retailing company with, for example, several subsidiaries which are defined from a Financial Accounting point of view as individual FRPSDQ\FRGHV. Data defined at corporate group level is valid for all purchasing and sales organizations.

On the logistics side, the corporate group also divides into sites. A VLWH is a store, a distribution center or a production location. In SAP Retail, the site is the organizational level at which merchandise replenishment is planned and stocks are managed. Sites can be grouped together using the Classification System.

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The purchasing organization is an organizational unit which procures articles and negotiates general purchase price conditions with YHQGRUV. Purchasing organizations are data retention levels for many types of master data.

Purchasing organizations are responsible for all purchasing transactions.

A purchasing transaction is processed completely by one single purchasing organization. Authorizations to maintain master data and process purchasing transactions are assigned per purchasing organization. Each buyer is assigned to a purchasing organization in his or her user master.

A purchasing organization can be assigned to a variety of other organizational units:

One (and only one) FRPSDQ\FRGH can be assigned to a purchasing organization. A purchasing organization which has been assigned a company code can only buy for sites that belong to that company code. If the purchasing organization is to be responsible for sites that do not all belong to the same company code, no company code should be assigned to that purchasing

organization. This is especially important to bear in mind if the ordering site and the supplying site for a warehouse order or merchandise clearing are assigned the same purchasing organization but these sites belong to different company codes.

A VLWH can be assigned to the purchasing organization which orders for it in site maintenance. This standard (default) purchasing organization for a site can be changed both in site

maintenance and via Customizing. When the source of supply is determined for the purposes of a stock transfer or consignment, the default purchasing organization is used automatically. Further purchasing organizations can be assigned to the site in addition to the default. A site cannot order if it has not been assigned to a purchasing organization.

A VDOHVRUJDQL]DWLRQ can be assigned a purchasing organization for statistical purposes. If this assignment is made and the sales organization is then assigned to a site in site maintenance, the default purchasing organization for the site must be the one that has been assigned to the sales organization.

In Customizing it is possible to assign UHIHUHQFHSXUFKDVLQJRUJDQL]DWLRQV to a purchasing organization. This allows the purchasing organization access to the conditions and contracts of these reference purchasing organizations. Purchasing info records are not referenced. The purchasing organization can make use of up to two reference purchasing organizations when the sequence in which it accesses conditions is determined.

9HQGRUV are assigned a purchasing organization in the purchasing-related data in the vendor master (purchasing organization vendor).This enables the purchasing organization to order from this vendor. A vendor can supply more than one purchasing organization. Purchasing

organization-specific purchasing info records can only be created if corresponding table entries exist. The system also uses the purchasing organization for vendor analyses and for vendor evaluation.

In SXUFKDVHSULFHGHWHUPLQDWLRQ, a purchasing organization can be assigned a schema group. This, together with the schema group of the vendor, determines the calculation schema for Purchasing. A purchasing organization can also be assigned a market price schema, which allows the average market price of an article to be maintained (for the purposes of rating a vendor’s price history). In addition, it is possible to process in the system any delivery costs that may arise in connection with a stock transport order. The calculation schema for this is

determined via the schema group for the purchasing organization, the purchasing document type and the supplying site.