Index Terms: Sensor, Microcontroller board, Bluetooth, Transmitter and Receiver, Buzzer, Bluetooth API, Smart-key voice recording.

Android Based Health Monitoring System

Department of Computer Engineering, Pune University, Pune 412105

[email protected], [email protected], [email protected], [email protected], [email protected]

A B S T R A C T

The recent popularity of android mobile influenced us to develop an android application to monitor the patient health through various wireless medical sensor devices. Main purpose of our System is to develop an application to monitor heart beat and temperature of a user of the system and guide him/her for a treatment, and to help the user by providing a list of hospitals of nearest locations and by giving health tips according to the threshold values. We also provide the facility of smart-key voice recording as well as alarms. Specialty of our system is it handles multiple patients at a time. We design a system which is able to send the vital data to administrator via SMS. Our proposed idea is used to provide a better understanding of wireless sensing devices and their interfaces to the android mobile.

Index Terms: Sensor, Microcontroller board, Bluetooth, Transmitter and Receiver, Buzzer, Bluetooth API, Smart-key voice recording.

I. INTRODUCTION

Technology has advanced at a very fast pace in today’s world. Medical science and technology has so many breaks through, that they are almost beginning to overlap each other and in certain scenarios even fusing with each other to help human [1]. The project that we want to work on is one that has not been done before but will be very useful and effective in helping avoid deaths which are caused by the biggest concern of today’s world, a cardiac arrest heart attack [2]. What we want to achieve through this project is by some means try to convert the heart rate and temperature into a measurable entity and keep a constant check on it to see if it functions normally[1]. The system should kick-start and following actions should immediately take effect. Send information about the abnormality to a family relative/doctor [5]. At the users end give a complete list of hospitals that can treat such a condition and give a second chance to the person to get help. Take any messages that the user wants to record contact, blood group, medical history etc. This not helps a rapid course of action to take place, but informs people in the vicinity that it is not just a minor condition, but needs serious medical help giving the user a fighting chance.

II. LITERATURE SURVEY

“Health Monitoring Laboratories by Interfacing Physiological Sensors to Mobile Android Devices” Suhas Ranganath-Mahesh K. Banavar Photini Spanias Deepta Rajan, Andreas Spanias el al, [1]

This paper describes, Android Java-DSP (AJDSP) as a mobile application that interfaces with sensors and enables simulation. This also helped in visualization of signal processing. In this system firstly there is creation of interface between both external sensors and on-board device sensors for monitoring the physiological parameter of human being. This paper also explored the trend of mobile sensing and adapted it towards improving digital signal processing (DSP), by building interfaces to medical sensor and external sensors. In this paper there is use of SHIMMER. It is a small wireless low-power sensor

platform that can record and transmit physiological (Health related like ECG) and kinematic data in real-time. The drawback of this system is that it only monitors the patient which is admitted in the hospital. In this low power sensor are used.

“Smart Elderly Home Monitoring System with an Android Phone” Kenny T.H. Chieng Dr. Lee Jer-Vui, Chuah Yea-Dat el al, [2]

This paper considers or takes into account certain facts, which are heart attack and stroke as they are the major cause of hospitalization of the elder people. There is more chances of survival if the older people gets the treatment within an hour. SHEMS had also been developed. An android smart phone with accelerometer is used to detect a fall of the carrier, and this android device is known as healthcare device. The android phone is then connected to the monitoring system by using the TCP/IP protocol through Wi-Fi. Because of this system, elderly and chronically ill patients can stay independently in their own home and secure in the knowledge that they are being monitored.

The drawback of this system is that it only considers elder people as there is more chances of sudden (emergency situation) outbreak in them like heart attack and stroke.

“Design and Implementation of Wearable ECG System” Byungkook Jeon, Jundong Lee, Jaehong Choi el al,[3]

The paper describes the design and implementation part of wearable ECG with the smart phone for the real time monitoring of health. In this system smart shirt are developed with ECG sensors and can be worn by any type of patient for monitoring his or her health in real time and get required treatment or prescription. These systems are mainly developed considering elder people in mind as they live alone in their homes. Therefore this system basically monitors the elderly people for self diagnosis purpose. The result of this system was the system could monitor and diagnose patients’ heart conditions in real time, when they wear a sports-shirt with a ECG sensor in it. In addition to this, the system also provides graphical information with history management tools and an automatic emergency call system to the patient to get the required treatment in time.

The drawback of the system is that it only concentrates on elder people and it includes shirt (ECG sensor) for wearing which cost a lot.

“Remote Patient Monitoring System” Yedu Manmadhan Anand V. R. M. J. Jayashree Sherin Sebastian, Neethu Rachel Jacob el al,[4]

This paper provides the image based system which acquires the ECG signal via digital camera; this information is performed on the tool like MATLAB and data sending through the internet network and stored in database. Then the original image is then availed to the doctor via Android mobiles. The purpose of this system is the vital sings and parameters from the ICU monitoring system and makes this data to be available to the doctor who may not be in the hospital and in the country. In case of any abnormality, the doctor is alerted by sending a notification from C2DM server to his mobile. The drawback of this paper is that, due to the slow internet connection the data will not be send to the doctor which is located remotely.

The image is captured through the camera, which must be HD which cost a lot.

“Hospital Health Care Monitoring System using Wireless Sensors Network” Naji HR Aminian M. A .el al,[5]

In this paper there is continuous observation of the patient’s physiological parameters such as blood pressure of patient as well as heart rate. This system is mainly useful for pregnant women to measure the various parameters like blood pressure, heart beat and fatal movement to control the health issue. This system has to monitoring more than one patient at a time and easily able to sense the blood pressure (BP) and heart rate of the patients. In this system, there is a sensor node attached to body of patient to measure signals from the wireless sensors and sends these signal to the database. This system can detect the abnormal conditions of the patient, raise an alarm to the patient and sends a SMS/Email to the doctor for treatment. The main advantage of this system is to increase the freedom for enhancing patient’s quality of life. The demerit of this system is that in this the patients need to get admitted in the hospital for continuous monitoring of the patient physiological parameters.

This WSN gets complicated if number of patient is admitted in the hospital beyond the specified limit.

“Wireless Health and the Smart Phone Conundrum” Hyduke Noshadi Majid Sarrafzadeh William Kaiser Jonathan Woodbridge, Ani Nahapetian el al,[6]

This paper tells us that, they implemented wireless healthcare by sensor communication, data processing, data visualization etc on different mobile platforms. There is central controller for wireless health application. They developed libraries for particular mobile devices to implement the health care on different platforms. CDMA and UTMS have more network then Bluetooth and Wi-Fi, and all this cellular connectivity are supported by mobile platforms. They started by, assessing the best smart phone platform for the health care, next they determine the runtime environment to the smart phone platform and finally they developed the wireless health application for that particular platform. They provide different and better debugging environment for different platforms.

The drawback of this paper is that they do not represent the complete wireless heath software library

“Android ECG application development” Behutiye Woubshet el al,[7]

The paper describes the design and implementation part of ECG application. The main purpose or objective of this paper was to use the power of android platform and produce a prototype model of ECG application. It performs its works with VS100, Bluetooth ECG monitoring device. This paper also describes the architecture, development environment and tools that are used in android mobile application development. The tools used in development process or phase are Eclipse, Android SDK, ADT plugging for Eclipse. This device monitors Heart Rate via Bluetooth communication. The result of this paper was communicating with vital sense device via Bluetooth communication.

The demerit of this system is that it monitors only ECG and not other parameters like temperature.

“Mobile Health Care System Using NFC Technology” A Devendran, Dr T Bhuvanesware, Arun Kumar Krishnan el al,[8]

This paper tells us that the patient monitors his or her health which may be physical or mental, through the mobile devices and gives extra information like location of user and provide the security and reliability. New technology is used for this purpose. To maintain the security they use a wireless Technology called as NFC (Near Field Communication Technology for the Future) which interacts with the electromagnetic radio fields. NFC technology is used to access the patient information, and this information is stored in hospital EMR Database. Doctor refers to the data instead of going via the paper. When the patient gets discharge all the details will be transferred to the NFC tag from EMR The drawback of this paper is that, this system mainly emphasis on the database security rather

“Mobile Phone Sensors in Health Applications” Evgeny Stankevich, ILYA Paramonov, Ivan Timofeev el al,[9]

This papers tells us that mobile health uses embedded sensors and their applications 1. Microphone Sensors-Use to access patients feels i.e. my tonic syndrome

2. Camera Sensors-Provides information about images and videos.

3. Acidometer Sensors-Purpose of this system is to track the person’s physical activity.

The purpose of this paper is use applications of embedded to mobile phone sensors.The drawback of this system is that various sensors are used which cost a lot.

Paper Features Advantages Disadvantages

Health monitoring laboratories by interfacing sensors to mobile android [1] 1. Visualization of signal processing 2. Interface between external sensors and on board sensors. 3. It uses SHIMMER 1. It uses SHIMMER 2.Android platform is used 3.DSP signals can be visualize

1. Low power sensors are used.

2. Patient need to get admitted in system.

Smartly Elderly home Monitoring system with an Android phone[2]

1. It uses android platform

2.It mainly considers elder people

3.TCP/IP protocol is used

1. SHEM is

developed.

2. Wi-Fi is used for faster speed.

3. Uses android mobile

1.Mainly concentrates on Elder people.

2.Does not monitors Continuously

Design and

implementation of wearable ECG System[3]

1.It monitors patient health real time 2. Interface between wearable ECG and smart phone.

1. Smart phone is used

2. Smart shirt are used 3. Automatic emergency call system. 1. Concentrates on elder people.

2. Cost of ECG shirt is high.

Remote Patient

Monitoring System[4]

1.Tele-Health system 2.Image based system, using MATLAB

3.Android app and C2dm server 4. Signal Processing is done. 1.Health is measure remotely 2. Accurate data is send to the server via camera and image processing.

3. Patient gets accurate information.

1. HD camera must be used for proper image processing which cost a lot. 2. Fast and proper internet network must be used.

Hospital Healthcare Monitoring System Using Wireless Sensor Networks[5] 1. It uses WSN(wireless sensors Network) 2.Concentrates on pregnant Women health condition 3.Continuous 1. It monitors blood pressure, heart rate. 2. It also monitors fatal

Movement in

pregnant Women

1. Patient needs to get admitted in the hospital 3.WSN gets complicated When number of patients increases beyond certain Limit.

From the above literature survey we can say that certain system have certain advantages over other and certain disadvantages. So we will remove the disadvantages and will develop a system which will overcome all the disadvantages of the above papers for e.g. System will continuously monitor the heart rate, temperature etc. Patient does not need to be get admitted in the hospital for the treatment. Also providing nearest hospital list to the patient, raising alarm in emergency situation and providing proper treatment and related health tips.

III. NEED OF COMPUTERIZATION

Basically, this system can be used by any person at anywhere. The system monitors temperature and heart beat of a user and sends health tips to the user via Bluetooth [4, 6, 7]. So this is very safety, emergency and comfortable solution for a patient. In addition to this, system captures the location of cells and displays the location of nearest hospitals so that user can immediately go to any of them for treatment. User of the system gets health tips from the system via Bluetooth [6, 7]. If user suffers from extreme condition, he/she can use smart-key voice recording for recording some important information. So this system is useful for any common man in anyway [2].

A. Project Idea

Basic idea of our project system is to monitor heart beat and temperature of user. According to users abnormal conditions send the required health tips to user, and ensuring secure access of confidential

monitoring of Patients health

3.Raise alarm for abnormal condition Wireless Health and the

Smart Phone

Conundrum[6]

1.Wireless healthcare 2.Using CDMA and UTMS

3.Provide central controller

4. Mobile Platforms i.e. Android, iOSetc. 1. Wireless health is measure. 2. Health is measure on different platform via library.

1. Do not have complete health care library.

2. Bluetooth and Wi-Fi are not used.

Android ECG application development[7]

1.It uses VS100, Bluetooth

2.Tools used are android sdk

1.It uses android platform

2.Monitors heart rate

1.It only monitors ECG 2. Cost is high.

Mobile Health Care System[8] 1.Mobile Healthcare system 2. Security and Reliability 3.NFC(Near Field Communication Technology) 4. EMR Database

1. Doctor does not refer the paper, but refer data from NFC. 2.User gets proper information from NFC tag via EMR

1.Security and Reliability is provided, no newest development is provided i.e. latest technology

2.Various tags are used i.e. RFID,NFC,CCID etc

Mobile Phone Sensors in Health Applications[9] 1. Microphone Sensors 2. Camera Sensors 3. Acidometer Sensors 4. Mobile healthcare and Phone 1. Various sensors are used to read data fast and accurate. 2. Health is measure on mobile devices.

1. Various sensors are used which cost a lot.

2. With Phone image quality is not accurate.

data [6]. Our system will provides 24 X 7 availability, user friendly environment to get better performance at peak time and provide flexible service based architecture, which will be highly desirable for future extension.

B. Motivation of the Project

In today’s world there is no android based system for health monitoring. As we all know that many people are using android mobile, so we decided to build a system which can monitor health using android platform. Android based client for user. In this SMS based notification is there [5,7]. System provides professional look and feel, user friendly messages. The architecture should be highly scalable and the application should be tuned for better performance at the peak time. Application should be highly customizable, flexible and secure enough too easily deploy [6].

C. Area of Project

Our area of project is Medical Science (sensing heart rate and temperature through the sensors)[1], [5]. We will develop an application with the help of android base. Creating application and configuring with hardware devices. We create interface between user, android device and sensor. To develop application of health monitoring and providing services to patients as well as doctors.

IV. MATHEMATICAL MODEL

Mathematical Modelling is used for measuring how the system is implemented mathematically. It provides flexible (mathematical) thinking and use of concepts of set theory.

Formal Set Notation Description Informal English Description (Set of all inputs) a) p1, p2, p3, p4...n the set of all possible patients.

b) d1, d2, d3...n the set of all possible doctor.

c) a (such that a is Administrator) a is only administrator

d) A=a, b, c... (Such that A is Device) the set containing all electronic devices.

e) B = n1, n2, n3... (Such that B is set of Networks) The set containing different networks

A.Patient login

For patient login we require following input parameter: Consider p1, p2, p3...pn no of patients.

There is device D.

There are c1, c2, c3...cn no of networks. Pn

Time to login =∑ (pi * D) * ci i=0

Here patient will do registration.

B. Admin login

For admin login we require following input parameter: Consider there are a admin. There is D device.

Pn

Time to login = ∑ (a * D) * ci i=0

Admin can access system and assign various threshold values.

C. After patient’s login

After patient login we require following input parameters: Let t1, t2...tn are temperature value. h1, h2...hn are heart rate at different time and of different individual. Consider Th is some threshold value. Check the temperature value and heart rate with threshold value (th).

If value of ti, hi is greater than threshold value (Th) then send data to nearest doctors and give patient appointment and prescription.

If value of ti, hi is less than threshold value (Th) then give him/her normal treatment. Pn

Time to reach to Server(Sm) = ∑ p0* ti *hi*tm i=0

Here the particular patient p0 senses his heart rate hi, temperature ti with respect to time(tm).

D. After admin login, admin checks for authorized doctor, finds the appropriate doctor for particular disease for the individual so that he/she can get the appointment. Compare patients data with previous data of sever and find the particular disease and send to the specialist doctor.

E. Doctor checks the data and gives him appointment and prescription. Input to the doctor is data which is sensed from the medical devices.

Figure 1. Architecture Diagram

Architecture diagram describes an overview of the system. System is working as follows- The ECG Monitor Hardware monitors the heart beat rate (per min) through Heart- beat sensor and Temperature through Temperature sensor [3, 7]. It gives signal to the system when values are going below standard. The signal goes through the ADC channel which is connected to the Microcontroller Board. When user sends alarm, it goes through Buffer and Drivers. It is connected to the Microcontroller Board and Microcontroller Board is connected to the PC. PC maintains a Patient Log which means it maintains a complete log of patients in the form of persistent database or files. The PC is also connected to the Bluetooth via USB/Serial Interface. The user can send or receive data to/from the system via Bluetooth.

A. Microcontroller Board

A single-board microcontroller is a microcontroller pre-built onto a single printed circuit board. It provides all of the circuit necessary for a useful control task such as input output circuits, Random Access Memory, ICs necessary etc. The board is useful to an application developer, to use prebuilt controller board without any effort.

B. Sensor

A sensor is a device that measures a physical quantity and converts it into a signal which can be read by an observer. A sensor is a device which receives and responds to a signal. A sensitivity of sensors indicates how much the sensors output changes when the measured quantity changes.

Transmitter helps to pass the body temperature, heartbeats to the machine; the network connectivity is done through Bluetooth.

D. Buzzer

System receiving Buzzer or alarm from each and every user will be notified.

E. Patient Log

A complete record of an individual patient is maintained in the form of persistent database.

F. Bluetooth API

Every Bluetooth has a unique Id i.e. Bluetooth API. After Bluetooth API pairing is done, the data is received to the system.

G. Smart-key voice recording

This feature can be used by user in an unexpected situation to record some message.

VI. PRODUCT FEATURES

In this system, we are using two types of modules, software module and hardware module.

A. Software Module

1. Android Phone – We are using android application in which we use Bluetooth to receive data. 2. J2EE – We are using J2EE application to interact with the database and give the data from

database.

B. Hardware Module

1. Microcontroller – It is connected to the computer to send the data.

2. Heart beat sensor – It is used in the system to continuously monitor heart beats of a user per minute.

3. Temperature sensor – It is used in the system to continuously monitor the temperature of a user.

4. Power supply – To using all these modules, the system required continuous power supply. 5. Timer – In this project, user of Timer is mandatory. Because system is monitoring heart beats per

minute.

6. Bluetooth Module – We are using Bluetooth module to receive data on user’s mobile. Every Bluetooth module has an API which is a unique identity of every Bluetooth module.

VII. DESCRIPTION OF SOFTWARE BEHAVIOUR

User can perform various functions like login in system, create interface with hardware devices and android phone, patient gives the physiological parameters from medical sensor devices in the form of

heart beats, temperature and accept output to take appropriate measure. Admin of our system can make choice of best threshold values for the system. Sensors devices are used to actual measurement of various parameters of the users like temperature, heart beat. Prescription is given by the doctor. If users suffer abnormal condition then raises alarm and provide list of nearest hospitals. Patient’s information and hospitals information stored in database.

Figure 2.Functional Diagram

VIII. CONCLUSION

We have successfully learnt functional diagram and architecture of system and depending upon this diagram we are designing a system which will help in health monitoring using android mobiles. We are developing the user friendly application, the interface between user android devices, sensors and create interactive application for users health monitoring.

IX. REFERENCES

[1] Suhas Ranganath-Mahesh K. Banavar Photini Spanias Deepta Rajan, Andreas Spanias. “Health monitoring laboratories by interfacing physiological sensors to mobile android devices”. IEEE, 2013.

[2] Kenny T.H. Chieng Dr. Lee Jer-Vui, Chuah Yea-Dat. “Smart elderly home monitoring system with an android phone. International Journal of Smart Home”, 7:17–32, 2013.

[3] Byungkook Jeon, Jundong Lee, Jaehong Choi. “Design and Implementation of a Wearable ECG System International Journal of Smart Home”7:61-70, 2013

[4] Yedu Manmadhan Anand V. R. M. J. Jayashree Sherin Sebastian, Neethu Rachel Jacob. “Remote patient monitoring system”. International Journal of Distributed and Parallel Systems (IJDPS), 3:99–110, 2012.

[5] Naji HR Aminian M. A “hospital healthcare monitoring system using wireless sensor networks”. Health Medical Informatics, 4:1–6, 2013.

[6] Hyduke Noshadi Majid Sarrafzadeh William Kaiser Jonathan Woodbridge, Ani Nahapetian. “Wireless health and the smart phone conundrum”. Computer Science Department, University of California, Loss Angeles, pages 1–6.

[7] Behutiye Woubshet. “Android ECG application development”. Oulu University of Applied Sciences, 4:3–42, 2012.

[8] A Devendran, Dr T Bhuvanesware, Arun Kumar Krishnan “Mobile Healthcare System using NFC Technolog,IJCSI”,9:1-4,2012.

[9] Evgeny Stankevich, ILYA Paramonov, Ivan Timofeev. “Mobile Phone Sensors in Health Applications, P.G. Demidov Yaroslavl State University, Russia”1-6.