Philippine Electrical Code for RME Hacked

Philippine

Electrical

Code

Introduction

PEC Part I – Consist of rules which regulates electrical installation or

design done inside the building

PEC Part II – Consist of rules which regulates electrical installation or

design done outside the building

Enforcement of the rules

 The PEC is intended for mandatory application by the government bodies exercising legal jurisdiction over electrical installation

 Mandatory rules shall be characterized by the use of the terms shall or shall not

 Permissive rules shall be characterized by the use of the terms shall be permitted or shall not be required

Introduction

Coverage of PEC Not Covered of PEC

Public and Private building Aircrafts

Generating and industrial Plant _{Motor Vehicle} Electric Substations, Industrial

Plants and Transformer Stations Railways rolling stack Airfields

Switchyards

Recreational establishment Quarries and mines

Offshore establishment Mobile homes

Branch Circuit Loading



The floor area for each floor shall be computed from

the outside dimensions of the building



Apartment, or other area involved.



For dwelling unit(s), the computed floor area shall

not include open porches, garages, or unused or

unfinished spaces not adaptable for future use.



based on minimum load conditions



In dwelling units and guest rooms or guest suites of

hotels and similar occupancies the voltage shall not

exceed 230 volts for ¼ hp load or 1440 VA



In all occupancies the minimum load for each outlet

for general-use receptacles and outlets not used for

general illumination

Branch Circuit Loading



The minimum number of branch circuit shall be

determined from the total calculated load, size and

rating of the circuit



For dwelling units there shall be two or more small

appliance branch circuit



At least one 20 A branch circuit for Laundry circuit



At least one 20 A to supply bathroom receptacle

outlet



For dwelling unit having a floor are of not more

than 50 sq mm and shall not exceed 3680 VA –

single 20 A branch circuit are permitted

Branch Circuit Loading



Outlet for specific appliance or other load except

for a motor load = Ampere rating of appliance or

load served.



Outlet for motor load = Motor rating



An outlet supplying recessed lighting fixture(s) shall

be the maximum volt-ampere rating of the

equipment and lamps for which the fixture(s) is

rated.



Outlet for heavy-duty lamp holder = 600

volt-amperes



Other outlets = 180 volt-amperes per outlet



For receptacle outlets, each single or each multiple

receptacle on one strap shall be considered at not

less than 180 volt-amperes.

General Lighting

Type of Occupancy _{sq m Area--VA}Unit Load per Type of Occupancy Unit Loadper sq m Area--VA

Armories Auditoriums 8 Lodge Rooms 12

Banks 28** Office Buildings 28**

Barber Shop and Beauty Parlors 24 Restaurants 16

Churches 8 Schools 24

Clubs 16 Stores 24

Court Rooms 16 Warehouses (storage) 2

Dwelling Units 24

In any of the above

occupancies except one-Family dwelling and individual dwelling units of Two-family and of multifamily dwellings: Garages – Commercial (storage) 4

Hospitals 16 Assembly Halls and Auditoriums 8 Hotels and Motels, including

apartment houses Without

provisions for coking by tenants 16

Halls, Corridors, Closets,

Ampacity and Rating

Branch Circuit Rating = 100 % (Sum of Non Continuous Load) + 125 % (Sum of Continuous Load)

Additional receptacle if more than 1700 mm

Receptacle – General Provision



Receptacles shall be installed that no point

measured horizontally along the floor line in any

wall space is more than 1800 mm from receptacle

outlet



Receptacles in floors shall not be counted as part

of the required number of receptacle outlet unless

located within 450 mm of the wall



Receptacle outlet shall be located above, but not

more than 500 mm above, the countertop



Receptacle outlet in bathroom shall be located

within 900 mm from basin

Ampacity and Rating

Fastened in a place = 50 %

Not Fastened in a place = 80 %

Ampacity and Rating

Other Loads -- All Occupancies. In all occupancies, the minimum load for each outlet for general-use receptacles and outlets not used for general illumination be not less than the following,

the loads being based on nominal branch-circuit voltages. 1.Outlet for specific appliance

2.Outlet for motor load 3.Recessed lighting

4.Outlet for heavy-duty lamp holder -660 VA for admedium type or not less than 750 for others

5.Track lighting

6.Sign and outline lighting—1200 W

Ampacity and Rating

Apply a demand factor of 75 % of the total Load for four or more dedicate loads connected in outlet

Fuses and Fixed-Trip Circuit Breakers. The standard ampere ratings for fuses and inverse time circuit breakers shall be considered

15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, 100, 110, 125, 150, 175, 200, 225, 250, 300, 350, 400, 450, 500, 600, 700, 800, 1000, 1200, 1600, 2000, 2500, 3000, 4000,

5000, and 6000 amperes. Additional standard ampere ratings for fuses shall be 1, 3, 6, 10, and 601. The use of fuses and inverse time circuit breakers with nonstandard ampere ratings shall be

Circuit Rating

Amperes Rating AmperesReceptacle Maximum LoadAmperes

15 or 20 15 12

20 20 16

30 30 24

Circuit Rating Over current_Protection Maximum Load

15 A 15 A 15 A 20 A 20 A 20 A 30 A 30 A 30 A 40 A 40 A 40 A 50 A 50 A 50 A

Branch Circuit

Branch Circuit Rating = Receptacle (outlet) Rating = Size of the

A. 15- and 20-Ampere Branch Circuits. A 15- or 20-ampere branch

circuit shall be permitted to supply lighting units or other utilization equipment, or a combination of both

1. Cord-and-Plug-Connected Equipment. The rating of any

one cord-and-plug-connected utilization equipment shall not exceed 80 percent of the branch-circuit ampere rating.

2. Utilization Equipment Fastened in Place. The total rating

of utilization equipment fastened in place, other than

luminaires lighting fixtures, shall not exceed 50 percent of the branch-circuit ampere rating where lighting units, cord-and-plug-connected utilization equipment not fastened in place, or both, are also supplied.

B. 30-Ampere Branch Circuits. A 30-ampere branch circuit shall be

permitted to supply fixed lighting units with heavy-duty lamp holders in other than a dwelling units or utilization equipment in any occupancy. A rating of any one cord-and-plug-connected

utilization equipment shall not exceed 80 percent of the branch-circuit ampere rating.

C. 40- and 50-Ampere Branch Circuits. A 40- or 50-ampere branch

circuit shall be permitted to supply cooking appliances that are fastened in place in any occupancy. In other than dwelling units, such circuits shall be permitted to supply fixed lighting units

with heavy-duty lamp holders, infrared heating units, or other utilization equipment.

D. Branch Circuits Larger Than 50 Amperes. Branch circuits larger

than 50 amperes shall supply only non-lighting outlet loads. 1. General Provisions. In every kitchen, family room, dining

room, living room, parlor, library, den, sunroom, bedroom, recreation room, or similar room or area of dwelling units, receptacle outlets shall be installed

2. Spacing. Receptacles shall be installed so that no point

measured horizontally along the floor line in any wall space is more than 1800 mm from a receptacle outlet.

E. Bathrooms. In dwelling units, at least one wall receptacle outlet

shall be installed in bathrooms within 900 mm of the outside edge of each basin. The receptacle outlet shall be located on a wall or partition that is adjacent to the basin or basin

countertop.

F. Outdoor Outlets. For a one-family dwelling and each unit of a

two-family dwelling that is at grade level, at least one

receptacle outlet accessible at grade level and not more than 2000 mm above grade shall be installed at the front and back of the dwelling

G. Laundry Areas. In dwelling units, at least one receptacle outlet

shall be installed for the laundry.

H. Basements and Garages. For a one-family dwelling, at least one

receptacle outlet, in addition to any provided for laundry equipment, shall be installed in each basement and in each attached garage, and in each detached garage with electric power.

I. Hallways. In dwelling units, hallways of 3000 mm more in length

shall have at least one receptacle outlet.

J. Show Window. At least one receptacle outlet shall be installed

directly above a show window for each 3600 linear mm major fraction thereof of show window area measured horizontally at its maximum width.

Number of Branch Circuits. The minimum number of branch

circuits shall be determined from the total computed load and the size or rating of the circuits used. In all installations, the number of circuits shall be sufficient to supply the load served.

Small Appliance Branch Circuits. Dwelling Unit. In addition to

the number of branch circuits determined in accordance with above, two or more 20-ampere small appliance branch circuits shall be provided for all receptacle outlets for the small

appliance loads.

Small Appliance Circuit load. Computed at 1500 VA

Electric Clothes Dryer. Computed at 5000 VA or nameplate

rating whichever is larger

Laundry Branch Circuits Dwelling Unit. In addition to the

number of branch circuits determined at least one additional 20-ampere branch circuit shall be provided to supply the laundry receptacle outlet(s) required. This circuit shall have no other outlets.

Load Evenly Proportioned Among Branch Circuits. Where the

load is computed on a volt-amperes-per-meter basis, the wiring system up to and including the branch-circuit panelboard(s)

shall be provided to serve not less than the calculated load. This load shall be evenly proportioned among multioutlet branch

circuits within the panelboard(s). Branch-circuit overcurrent devices and circuits need only be installed to serve the

connected load.



Feeder conductors shall have sufficient ampacity to

supply the load served



Where a feeder supplies continuous loads or any

combination of continuous and noncontinuous load,

the rating of the overcurrent device shall not be less

than the noncontinuous load plus 125 percent of the

continuous load.



Where the assembly including the overcurrent devices

protecting the feeder(s) are listed for operating at 100

percent of their rating, neither the ampere rating of the

overcurrent device nor the ampacity of the feeder

conductors shall be less than the sum of the

continuous load plus the noncontinuous load.



Permitted Reductions – A service or feeder supplying

the household electric ranges, wall mounted ovens,

counter mounted cooking units and electric dryers are

permitted to have as additional demand factor of 70%

for the portion of the unbalance load in excess of the

200 A load



Prohibited Reductions – There shall be no reduction

of the neutral or grounded conductor capacity applied

to any portion of 3 wire circuit consisting of 2 phase

and neutral of 4 wire, 3 phase wye connected system



Additional feeders capacity the load is in excess of

2000 A and the supply is 600 V

Type of Demand

Occupancy Potion of Lighting Load toWhich DF Apply DF Dwelling Units First 3,000 or lessFrom 3,001 to 120,000

Remainder Over 120,000

100 35 25 Hospitals First 50,000 or Less_{Remainder Over 50,000} 40₂₀ Hotels and Motels –

Including Apartment House First 20,000 or less From 20,001 to 100,000 Remainder Over 100,000 50 40 30 Warehouse First 12,500 or less_{Remainder Over 12,500} 100₅₀

All Others Total VoltAmpere 100

Feeder Demand Factors for General

Conductors-Wires and Cables

Factors that affect conductor sizes

1. Continuous loads

2. Terminal temperature ratings 3. Conductor insulation

4. Conductor ampacity 5. Special application 6. System voltage

7. Number of conductors in raceways

No of strand =

3n

_{- 3n +1}

Conductors-Wires and Cables

5.5 sq mm 600 V THHN

Wire Gauge

Operating Voltage

Thermoplastic Insulation

Ambient Temperature Level

Outer Layer Covering

Branch Circuit conductor that supply load shall have an ampacity not less than 2.0 sq mm

Conductors-Wires and Cables

C = Cotton

FEP = Fluorinated Ethylene Propylene MI = Mineral magnesium oxide

PFA = Perfluoroalkoxy

R = Rubber sometimes Neoprene S = Silicone "rubber"

SA = Silicone-asbestos T = Thermoplastic

TA = Thermoplastic-asbestos

TFE = Polytetrafluoroethylene "Teflon" X = Cross-linked synthetic polymer

Conductors-Wires and Cables

Heat Rating

“no” H (ex TW, UF) = 60 degrees Celsius H = 75 degrees Celsius

HH = 90 degrees Celsius

Outer Covering Jacket

N = Nylon

Special Service Conditions

U = Underground W = Wet

Conductors-Wires and Cables

Short Circuit Temperature = 150 degrees Celsius

Conductors-Wires and Cables

I

= 84 % I

A

= 84 % A

LV – 1kV and Below

120, 120/240, 208Y/120, 240, 347, 480Y/277, 480, 600Y/347, 600

MV – 1 kV to 34.5 kV

4.16 kV, 13.8 kV, 21 kV, 22 kV, 34.5 kV

HV – 34.5 kV to 230 kV

69 kV, 115 kV, 230 kV

Voltage Class

Electric Field

Magnetic Field

Voltage Current

Voltage Class

Conductors of Different systems can occupy the same raceway, cables, or enclosures if the insulation voltage rating is not less than the maximum circuit voltage

480 V

600 V

120 V

Voltage Drop

Voltage Drop depends on the load current, conductor size, distance of load to supply

Conduit Fill

Ampacity Derating Factor

Color Coding

White or Gray – Neutral Red and/or Black – Hot

Conductor Size and Support

Voltage Application Size for span less than_{15 m} Size for span less than_{15 m} 600 Volts or less 5.5 sq mm Copper 8.0 sq mm Copper

600 Volts or less 8.0 sq mm Aluminum 14.0 sq mm Aluminum 600 Volts or more 14.0 sq mm Copper 8.0 sq mm Cable_Copper

600 Volts or more 22.0 sq mm Aluminum 14.0 sq mm Cable_Aluminum

Festoon Lighting – Overhead conductor shall not be smaller than 3.5 sq mm copper unless the conductor is supported by a messenger wire. In span exceeding 12 m there shall be messenger wire.

600 Volts, Nominal, or Less. Conductors of 600 volts, nominal, or less, shall comply with the spacing provided in PEC

Over 600 Volts, Nominal. Conductors of over 600 volts, nominal, shall comply with the spacing provided in PEC

Separation from Other Circuits. Open conductors shall be separated from open conductors of other circuits or systems by not less than 100 mm.

Conductors on Poles. Conductors on poles shall have a separation of

not less than 300 mm where not placed on racks or brackets.

Conductors supported on poles shall provide a horizontal climbing space not less than the following:

1. Power conductors below communications conductors — 760 mm 2. Power conductors alone or above communications conductors: a. 300 volts or less — 600 mm.

b. Over 300 volts — 760 mm.

3. Communications conductors below power conductors — same as power conductors

4. Communications conductors alone — no requirement

Overhead spans of open conductors and open multi-conductor cables of not over 600 volts, nominal, shall conform to the following:

3000 mm — above finished grade, sidewalks, or from any platform or

projection from which they might be reached where the voltage does not exceed 150 volts to ground and accessible to pedestrians only

3600 mm — over residential property and driveways, and those

commercial areas not subject to truck traffic where the voltage does not exceed 300 volts to ground

4500 mm — for those areas listed in the 3700 m classification where

the voltage exceeds 300 volts to ground

5500 mm — over public streets, alleys, roads, parking areas subject

to truck traffic, driveways on other than residential property, and

Above Roofs. Conductors shall have a vertical clearance of not less than 2500 mm from the roof surface. The vertical clearance shall be maintained for a distance not less than 900 mm in all directions from the edge of the roof.

Horizontal Clearances. Clearances shall not be less than 1000 mm Clearance from Windows. Final spans to the building they supply, or from which they are fed, shall be permitted to be attached to the building, but they shall be kept not less than 900 mm from

windows that are designed to be opened, and from doors, porches, balconies, ladders, stairs, fire escapes, or similar locations.

Zone for Fire Ladders. Where buildings exceed three stories or 15 meters in height, overhead lines shall be arranged, where

practicable, so that a clear space (or zone) at least 1800 mm wide will be left either adjacent to the buildings or beginning not over 2500 mm from them to facilitate raising of ladders when necessary



Service Equipment – Enclosed or Guarded. Energized

parts of service equipment shall be enclosed as

specified below,



Enclosure - Energized parts shall be enclosed so that

they will not be exposed to accidental contact or guarded



Guarded - Energized parts that are not enclosed shall

be installed on a switchboard, panelboard, or control

board and guarded. Such an enclosure shall be provided

with means for locking or sealing doors giving access to

energized parts



Grounding and Bonding - Service equipment,

raceways, cable armor, cable sheaths, etc., and any

service conductor that is to be grounded shall be

 Common Neutral -The ampacity of the neutral conductor shall not

be less than the maximum net computed load current between the neutral and all ungrounded conductors connected to any one phase of the circuit.

 277 Volts to Ground - Circuits exceeding 250 volts nominal,

between conductors and not exceeding 277 volts nominal, to ground shall be permitted to supply lighting fixtures for illumination of outdoor areas of industrial establishments, office building, institutionals, stores, and other commercial or public buildings where the fixtures are not less than 900 mm from windows, platforms, fire escapes, and the like.

 600 Volts Between Conductors - Circuits exceeding 277 volts

nominal, to ground and not exceeding 600 volts nominal, between conductors shall be permitted to supply the auxiliary equipment of electric-discharge lamps

Lighting Equipment on Poles or

Other Structure

 Wiring on Buildings - The installation of outside wiring on surfaces

of buildings shall be permitted for circuits of not over 600 volts nominal as open wiring on insulators, as multiconductor cable, as Type MC cable, as Type MI cable, as messenger supported wiring, in rigid metal conduit, in intermediate metal conduit, in rigid nonmetallic conduit, in cable trays, as cablebus, in wireways, in auxiliary gutters, in electrical metallic tubing, in flexible metal conduit, in liquid-tight flexible metal conduit, liquid-tight flexible nonmetallic conduit, and in busways.

 Open-Conductor Supports - In spans exceeding 12 metres, the

conductors shall be supported by a messenger wire; and the messenger wire shall be supported by strain insulators. Conductors or messenger wires shall not be attached to any fire escape, downspout, or plumbing equipment

Lighting Equipment on Poles or

Other Structure

Rating of Disconnect



One Circuit Installation – For a limited load the rating

shall not be less than 15 A



Dwelling Unit – With a single branch circuit the

disconnect shall not be smaller than 20 A



Two Circuit Installation – For not more than two 2 wire

branch circuit the disconnect shall have a rating of not

less than 30 A



One Family Dwelling – The feeder disconnecting means

shall have a rating of not less than 60 A

Methods of Grounding



Grounding can be divided into two areas: system

grounding and equipment grounding.



These two areas are kept separate from each other

except at the point where they receive their source of

power, such as at the service equipment or at a

separately derived system.



Grounding is the intentional connection of a

current-carrying conductor to ground or something that serves

in place of ground.



In most instances, this connection is made at the supply

source, such as a transformer, and at the main service

disconnecting means of the premises using the energy.

Methods of Grounding



There are three basic reasons for grounding:



To limit the voltages caused by lightning or by

accidental contact of the supply conductors with

conductors of higher voltage



To stabilize the voltage under normal operating

conditions (which maintains the voltage at one level

relative to ground, so that any equipment connected

to the system will be subject only to that potential

difference)



To facilitate the operation of overcurrent devices,

such as fuses, circuit breakers, or relays, under

ground-fault conditions

On AC premises wiring systems, the conductor to be

grounded shall be as specified in the following:

1. Single-phase, 2-wire — one conductor

2 .Single-phase, 3-wire — the neutral conductor

3. Multiphase systems having one wire common to all

phases — the common conductor

4. Multiphase systems where one phase is grounded —

one phase conductor

5. Multiphase systems in which one phase is used as in 2

— the neutral conductor

Grounding System

Grounding System

Grounding System

The grounding rod resistance should be 25 ohms or less

On AC premises wiring systems, the conductor to be grounded shall be as specified in the following:

1. Single-phase, 2-wire — one conductor

2 .Single-phase, 3-wire — the neutral conductor

3. Multiphase systems having one wire common to all phases — the common conductor

4. Multiphase systems where one phase is grounded — one phase conductor

5. Multiphase systems in which one phase is used as in 2 — the neutral conductor

 Cable Trays - Are open raceway like assemblies made of steel

aluminum or a suitable non-metallic material they are used in buildings to route cables and support them out of the way of normal building activities

 Trough Type Trays - Protect cables from damages and give good

support and ample ventilation through straight sections

 Ladder Trays - Provide maximum ventilations to power cables

and other heat-producing cables

** Cables suitable for use in cable trays are marked CT (Cable Tray) on the outside of the jacket

Electrical System Protection – Basic

Components



Voltage transformers and current transformers: To

monitor and give accurate feedback about the

healthiness of a system.



Relays: To convert the signals from the monitoring

devices, and give instructions to open a circuit under

faulty conditions or to give alarms when the equipment

being protected, is approaching towards possible

destruction.



Fuses: Self-destructing to save the downstream

Electrical System Protection – Basic

Components



Circuit breakers: These are used to make circuits

carrying enormous currents, and also to break the circuit

carrying the fault currents for a few cycles based on

feedback from the relays.



DC batteries: These give uninterrupted power source to

the relays and breakers that is independent of the main

power source being protected

0 5 10 15 -1 -0.5 0 0.5 1 Time in cycles Vo lta ge in pu I_F= 5 pu

T

R

Multiple Motor Installation

Feeder Rating = 125 % HFLA

+ 100 % sum of

Multiple Motor Installation

Inverse Time Setting = 250 % HFLA

+ 100 %

Drives, Excitation and Regulation

Generator Operation



The Generator Spins above synchronous speed



Mechanical Energy is Transformed into Kinetic Energy

and is Converted into Electrical Energy



Delivers Active Power to the Electrical System



The Electrical System must provide Reactive Power for

the creation of Magnetic Field



High Engine speeds produced greater electrical output

Prime Mover Generator

Generator Operation



The Generator size is affected by the rating, enclosure

and the application



Typical prime mover is a diesel engine



Power Rating is expressed in Watts



Generator exciter provides residual magnetism



As the load of Generator increases the frequency

decreases

Exciter

Prime Mover Generator

Power Measurement

Exciter

Generator

Load

Surge Arrester Selection



Circuits of Less Than 1000 Volts. The rating of the surge

arrester shall be equal to or greater than the maximum

continuous phase-to-ground power frequency voltage

available at the point of application.



Surge arresters installed on circuits of less than 1000

volts shall be listed for the purpose.



Circuits of 1 kV and Over — Silicon Carbide Types. The

rating of a silicon carbide-type surge arrester shall be

not less than 125 percent of the maximum continuous

phase-to-ground voltage available at the point of

Connecting Surge Arrester



Installed at Services of Less Than 1000 Volts.



Line and ground connecting conductors shall not

be smaller than 14 AWG copper or 12 AWG

aluminum. The arrester grounding conductor

shall be connected to one of the following:



Grounded service conductor



Grounding electrode conductor



Grounding electrode for the service



Equipment grounding terminal in the service

Surge Arrester Selection



Line and ground connecting conductors shall not be

smaller than 14 AWG copper or 12 AWG aluminum.



A surge arrester shall be permitted to be connected

between any two conductors — ungrounded

conductor(s), grounded conductor, grounding

conductor.



The grounded conductor and the grounding conductor

shall be interconnected only by the normal operation of

the surge arrester during a surge.

Surge Arrester Selection



Circuits of 1 kV and Over — Surge-Arrester Conductors.



The conductor between the surge arrester and the line

and the surge arrester and the grounding connection

shall not be smaller than 6 AWG copper or aluminum.

Lightning arrester are protective devices for limiting

surge voltages due to lightning strikes or equipment

faults or other events, to prevent damage to equipment

and disruption of service.

 Armored Cable ( AC, ACT, and ACL ) - fabricated assembly of

insulated conductors enclosed in a flexible metal sheath used both in exposed and concealed work for branch circuit and feeders in both exposed and concealed work and in cable tray where identified for such use.

 Metal Clad Cable ( MC ) - factory assembled cable of one or

more conductors, each individually insulated and enclosed in a metallic sheath interlocking tape, or a smooth or corrugated tube, used specifically for services, feeders, branch circuit, either exposed or concealed, and for indoor or outdoor work.

 Metal Insulated Cable, Metal Sheathed Cable ( MI ) - factory

assembled cable of one or more conductors insulated with highly compressed refractory mineral insulation and enclosed in a liquid tight and gas tight continuous copper sheath, used in a dry , wet, or continuously moist location as in service,

Cable Wiring Methods and

Materials

 Non-metallic Sheated Cable (NM and NMC) - factory assembled

two or more insulated conductors having a moisture resistant, flame retardant and non-metallic outer sheath. used specifically for one or two family dwellings, multifamily dwellings and other structure

 Shielded Non-metallic Sheated Cable (SNM) - A factory

assembled two or more insulated conductors in an extruded core of moisture resistant and flame resistant non-metallic, covered with an overlapping spiral metal tape and wire shield and

jacketed with an extruded moisture, flame, oil, corrosion, fungus and sunlight resistant non-metallic material. Used where

operating temperature do not exceed the rating worked on the cable

 Service Entrance Cable (SE & USE) - A single or multi-conductor

assembly provided with or without an overall covering, primarily and for services. Used for installation in cable trays, raceways or where supported by a messenger wire

Cable Wiring Methods and

Materials

 Underground Feeder and Branch Circuit Cable (UF) - A

moisture resistant cable. Used for underground, including direct burial in the earth, as feeder or branch circuit cable

 Power & Control Tray cable (TC) – A factory assembled two or

more insulated conductors with or without associated bare or covered grounded conductor under nonmetallic sheath.

 Flat Cable Assemblies (FC)- An assembly of parallel

conductors formed integrally with an insulating material web specially designed for field installation in metal surface

raceway. Used for branch circuit not exceeding 30 amperes and in locations where they will not be exposed to severe physical damage.

Cable Wiring Methods and

Materials

 Flat Conductor Cable (FCC) - Consists of three or more flat

copper conductor placed edge to edge & separated and enclose within an insulating assembly. Used for general purpose and appliance branch circuits and for individual

branch circuits specifically in hard, smooth, continuous floor surfaces specially for under carpet (up to 914 mm2_{) wiring to}

floor outlets (floor mounted type FCC).

 Medium Voltage Cables (MV) - single or multi-conductor solid

dielectric insulated cable rated at 2,001 or higher. Used for power system up to 35,000 volts nominal, in wet or dry

locations, in raceway, cable trays.

 Integrated Gas Spacer Cable (IGS) - A factory assembled

cable of one or more conductors, each individually insulated and enclosed in a loose fit nonmetallic flexible conduit rated 0 – 600 V.

Cable Wiring Methods and

Materials

 Integrated Gas Spacer Cable (IGS) - A cable and conduit

system for underground use, including direct burial in the earth, as service-entrance conductors or as feeder or branch circuit conductors advantages include low material and

installation cost, eliminate field pulling or cables into conduit and eliminates the cost of assembly of conduit in the field. Uses SF6 (sulfuric hexafluoride gas) insulation.

Cable Wiring Methods and

Materials

 Raceways - The raceways wiring accessories or channels

designed for holding wires cables, or busbars which are either made of metal or any insulating material. They provided

mechanical protection to conductors while keeping them

accessible for wiring changes: conduits connectors, conduit, coupling, clamps, hangers etc. cable trays, bus metal raceway, non-metal raceways.

 Conduits - Either pipes or tubing, which are either flexible or rigid

for electric wires. The most common electrical raceways.

 Fittings - Accessories such as locknuts, bushing couplers,

adapters nipples and connectors or other part wiring system that is intended primarily to perform a mechanical rather than function.

 Connectors - A metal sleeve, usually made of copper, that is

slipped over and secure to the butted ends conductors in making a joint. Also called a splicing sleeve.

 Intermediate Metal Conduit (IMC) - A metal raceway of circular

cross-section with integral or associated couplings, connectors and fittings approved for the installation of electrical conductors has

wall thickness less than rigid metal conduit but greater than EMT used in all atmospheric conditions and occupancies, or areas

subject to severe corrosive influences when protected by corrosion protection

 Rigid Metal Conduit - Similar to that of IMC and when installed in

concrete or in contact with coil, it does not generally require supplementary corrosion protection unless subject to severe corrosive influences

 Rigid Non-metallic Conduit - Resistant to moisture and chemical

atmospheres underground materials, fiber, soapstone, rigid polvinyl chloride (PVC), fiberglass, epoxy, and high density polyethylene, above ground (PVC)

 Electrical Metallic Tubing - General purpose raceway of the

same nature as rigid metal conduit and IMC used for both exposed and concealed work where it will not be subjected to severe

physical damage or (unless suitably protected) to corrosive agents

 Flexible Metallic Tubing - Circular in cross-section, flexible,

metallic and liquidtight without a nonmetallic jacket used in dry locations, in accessible locations when protected from physical damage or concealed such as above suspended ceilings and branch circuits

 Surface Metal Raceway - Used for exposed wiring where the

possibility of severe physical damage is not a problem restricted to dry locations and voltages under 300 volts its principal use is for rewiring or extending existing electrical system.

 Under Floor Raceways - Called under floor ducts, consist of

separate duct system buried in the concrete floor or flush with surface of the floor it come complete with junction boxes and fittings to provide access along the length of the duct for

receptacles and telephone outlets may consists of single, double, or triple ducts run parallel to provide telephone signal and power raceways.

 Wire ways - Ducts with square or rectangular cross-section made

of sheet metal and the standard length of each ducts is 10 feet where the wiring is readily accessible through cover plates, which make up one of the walls of the ducts, is 10 feet cover plates may be hinged or unhinged, screwed in place, or merely snapped into place cannot be buried, concealed in walls or exposed to

corrosives atmosphere for in general they are mounted exposed outdoors and may carry systems rated at 600 volts.

 Cellular Floor Raceways - Maybe metal or concrete, where cells

of the cellular floor system is assigned with particular usage for power or signal wiring, and a header ducts tap into the cells and a carry the wiring to the necessary panel board or boxes.

 Busways - An approved completely assembled metal troughing

and fitting when contain bare conductors intended for use as feeders, the conductors being suitably supported of insulators. Factory made systems of copper of aluminum bars, rods, or tubes designed to carry heavy currents from 50 to 6,000 amp conductors can be solid bars, square or rectangular hollow tube hollow ovals or solid 1 – beams. Can be mounted horizontally or vertically and can be also used as service entrance feeders.

 Continuous plug in Busways - used to serve equipment that

may be relocated periodically, such as in wood working shops. Have regularly spaced openings that permitted plugging of

switches or circuit breakers and conduit or flexible cable is then run from devices to the equipment being served.

 Trolley Busways - Permits travelling equipment to be connected

to a power source a rolling power takeoff in contact with the

busways conductors as the equipment moves, the trolley contact on the conductor.

 Cablebus - An approved assembly of insulated conductors with

fittings and conductor terminations in a completely enclosed, ventilated protective metal housing

Electrical System Design

Receptacle spacing = 1800 mm from the door