Visualization of flow separation and control by vortex generators on an single flap in landing configuration

9,68$/,=$7,212))/2:6(3$5$7,21$1'&21752/%<

9257(;*(1(5$725621$16,1*/()/$3,1/$1',1*

&21),*85$7,21

1DWiOLH6RXþNRYi-DQD.XNORYi/XNiã3RSHOND0LODQ0DWČMNDx

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

,1752'8&7,21

! " # # # $ #

%&'( # # # # )!

x_{* +# , #-. /0)12# 3) 00 4 3# 5}

6#7#7

5 8 4# 9 +# - * :# ; 9 )2# 0 00 4 # 5 6# 7 5 8 4# 9 : <# - 9 -4 <#::7

%&'( &' &' D # # # $ $ &'

&' G

&' %1GG02( $ &' %0 H1GH02( -

&' # $

* $&'# $ )! , &' :# I %-;+( $ J!8# # #

$ ;*5*KJ*/) &' ,

, $ ,

# /!&')!&'

&'

#

)LJXUH7ULDQJXODU9*VDQGLWVUHODWLYHSRVLWLRQ

K

/RFDWLRQRI IORZVHSDUDWLRQ /

]

'

)ORZ GLUHFWLRQ

';9* [

\

]

H

&' 1G 'O&'1 1 P1 '1 E#

' 56

0JQ 2Q ) )2 K 3

P 56 6

0) 0 / $ R )2

7DEOH9RUWH[JHQHUDWRUVGHVLJQSDUDPHWHUV

:

7

0

9

*

D -9-P,#*+56 3K2/32R00 2! -9-P9:<#58 4 $ Q20220J2S K1

;*5*KJ*/) )20 /32 J0S )0

&' T 2%&'()TJ%&'( &' K! &' $ %56( # 9 &' $ #

$ %1(# T02KJ) )T0K2

&' # #) - &'

%' ( %')(

* $ &' # # # $ $&'

* 6 )00#000

J#

D# 0 )0

$2 0RK2J 0Q/)R

0 0R R2 0Q/QK

2 0QR 0 0QJ32

0 0K0JK 022KR

2 0/J)J 0/JJ0

78)7),/$0(1769,68$/,=$7,21

9 #

* #9)9 J $2 2

2

9

I # 6 - # ,

$ # #$ $ 1T0)J # $ + #

,1)5$5('7+(502*5$3+<9,68$/,=$7,21

# , #

* )0#

$# # Q!

* $)0 # ,

)LJXUH7XIWILODPHQWV SODFHPHQWRQGHIOHFWHGIODS

f#1 #S 6

) 0)2 )00#000

; 5*: 4K2 9 +

r)5#

0035 U $ 0VW22 5 # $/0V W )0 5 0 V W200 5 Q! #

/,)76/23(0($685(0(17

$ &' 9 V)2

))2

5(68/76$1'',6&866,21

&'% #')( #

9J#J # 2# #&';

&'% #')(#9/#/D

#

+ $ # 92# 2 # +

)LJXUHDQR9*V JJJJ GHJDDDD GHJ

)LJXUHEUHFWDQJXODU9*V

K['''']JJJJ GHJ

D DD

D GHJWKHIUHHVWUHDP

&' # &' # $

, #

I ,&' 9 % $( %9K#K(# &' &' %( # %9Q# Q( &' # &'

%)#' (# #

93

- , #

$$

&' $ # 9 R I # $ &'# # # 9 0 &'

)LJXUH D QR 9*V

JJJJ GHJDDDD GHJ

)LJXUH E WULDQJXODU 9*V

K [ ''''] JJJJ GHJ

D DD

D GHJ WKH IUHH

VWUHDP IORZ GLUHFWLRQ LV IURPULJKWWROHIW

)LJXUHDQR9*V JJJJ GHJ

)LJXUHEQR9*V ]LJ]DJWDSH

JJJJ GHJ WKHIUHHVWUHDPIORZGLUHFWLRQLVIURP

#

&' % &'(# 9 : #

&' )

&'#

&'%)#')(

$ &'

" ## &' &'# " # 9 &' # 0 9 # 9 ) 2 2#

&'% #)#')(#

9 J )LJXUHD UHFWDQJXODU9*VK

['''']]LJ]DJ

WDSHJJJJ GHJ

)LJXUHE UHFWDQJXODU9*VK ['''']]LJ]DJWDSH

JJJJ GHJ WKHIUHHVWUHDPIORZGLUHFWLRQLVIURPOHIW

WRULJKW

)LJXUH WULDQJXODU 9*V

K [ ''''] ]LJ]DJ

WDSHJJJJ GHJ

WKHIUHHVWUHDPIORZ GLUHFWLRQLVIURPOHIWWR

ULJKW )LJXUHDUHFWDQJXODU

9*VK['''']]LJ

]DJWDSHJJJJ GHJ

)LJXUHEUHFWDQJXODU

9*VK['''']]LJ

]DJWDSHJJJJ GHJ

)LJXUH&RPSDULVRQRIQRQGLPHQVLRQDOWHPSHUDWXUHGLVWULEXWLRQRYHUDLUIRLO

VXUIDFHZLWK]LJ]DJWDSHJJJJ GHJDDDD GHJ

)LJXUH&RPSDULVRQRIQRQGLPHQVLRQDOWHPSHUDWXUHGLVWULEXWLRQRYHUDLUIRLO

VXUIDFHZLWK]LJ]DJWDSHJJJJ GHJDDDD GHJ

0#Q 0#3 0#R # #) #J

0 0# 0#) 0#J 0#/ 0#2 0#K 0#Q 0#3 0#R

16

1 $

&'%)#)( &'%)#)( &'

0#Q 0#3 0#R # #) #J

0 0# 0#) 0#J 0#/ 0#2 0#K 0#Q 0#3 0#R

16

1 $

$0#)00 0#000 0#)00 0#/00 0#K00 0#300 #000 #)00 #/00

$ 2 $ 0 $2 0 2 0 2 )0 )2

F/ D DD D>GHJ@ $ &'%)#)( &'%)# ( &'%)#)( &'% #)(

VXUIDFHZLWK]LJ]DJWDSHJJJJ GHJDDDD GHJ

)LJXUH/LIWVORSHFRPSDULVRQRIQRQFRQWUROOHGDQGFRQWUROOHGFDVHVJJJJ GHJ

0 0# 0#) 0#J 0#/ 0#2 0#K 0#Q 0#3 0#R

)LJXUH/LIWVORSHFRPSDULVRQRIFRQWUROOHGFDVHVZKLFKFDXVHGWKHODUJHVWOLIW

FRHIILFLHQWLQFUHPHQWDWJJJJ GHJFRQYHQWLRQDO9*VJJJJ GHJ

&21&/86,21

* # # : &' # $&'# 9# &' $ &'# &'# " # &' VD#

, &' X &' # &'

D &' * &'

$0#300 $0#K00 $0#/00 $0#)00 0#000 0#)00 0#/00 0#K00 0#300 #000

$ 2 $ 0 $2 0 2 0 2 )0 )2

F/

D DD D>GHJ@

$

&'%)#)(

&'% #)(

&'% # ( &'%)# (

# # &'# &' &' &'

$&.12:/('*(0(17

: <# Y + 5 6# ; :0K0J + 5 + 9 ; 4 0 1 01 )J0# ; 0 1031 ) '* 0J10R10RQQ

1

# #

16 $

P %9)(# 6 6

#S

f #1

1 $

1T02KJ)

) 1T0K2

'O&'

#

' #

D #

E #

J #

G #

5()(5(1&(6

! +U:9:#; Y#58

4#)002#J2/

)! P Z5U 6 $

$ # 4 * +# )00)# & J3# J3R$/)0

J! + "# Z P# P 5# P :# : DU ;

;*5*00 ) # 5 [ 9# )003#&JQ#RQ2$RR)

/! ' '# + :U 5

2! 4 PU X + * D# 6 49+#549:# ,*+56#4#)003#32$33

K! +\];#^-#4PU5DP+

9 * P $4 & '# < 9 :#P#)00R#J 0$J 2

Q! _]ZU:`f`fgg`#9f