A IM AND S COPE
Journal of Mechatronics, Electrical Power, and Vehicular Technology (MEV) is an
internationally peer-reviewed journal aims to provide authoritative global source of scientific information for researchers and engineers in academia, research institutions, government agencies, and industries. The Journal publishes original research papers, review articles and case studies focused on:
Mechatronics: including control system, robotic, CNC Machine, sensor, signal processing, electronics, actuator, and mechanical dynamics.
Electrical Power: including power generation, transmission system, new and renewable energy, turbine and generator design and analysis, grid system, and source assessment.
Vehicular Technology: including electric/hybrid vehicle design and analysis, vehicle on grid, fuel efficiency, and safety analysis.
Selected Applications: including all implementations or
implications related to
mechatronics, electrical power, or vehicular technology.
MEV's vision is to become an international platform with high scientific contribution for the global community. MEV's mission is presenting important results of work, whether in the form of research, development, application, or design.
I MPRINT
MEV is published by Research Centre for Electrical Power and Mechatronics - Indonesian Institute of Sciences (RCEPM-LIPI).
ISSN print: 2087-3379 ISSN electronics: 2088-6985 Electronics edition is available at:
http://www.mevjournal.com
All published article are embedded with DOI number affiliated with Crossref DOI prefix 10.14203
P UBLICATION F REQUENCY MEV is managed to be issued twice in every year. The first issue should be in the mid of the year (July) and the second issue is at the end of the year (December).
P EER R EVIEW P OLICY MEV reviewing policies are:
Every submitted paper will be reviewed by at least two peer- reviewers.
Reviewers are unaware of the identity of the authors, and authors are also unaware of the identity of reviewers (double blind review method).
Reviewing process will consider novelty, objectivity, method, scientific impact, conclusion, and references.
A CCREDITATION
MEV has been certificated as an Indonesian Scientific Journal by Indonesian Institute of Sciences (LIPI). MEV has also been certificated by Ministry of Research, Technology and Higher Education (RTHE) as an online scientific journal.
LIPI Accreditation:
Accreditation Number:
633/AU/P2MI-LIPI/03/2015
Acc date: 15 April 2015 Valid thru: 15 April 2020.
RISTEKDIKTI Accreditation:
Accreditation Number:
1/E/KPT/2015
Acc date: 15 September 2015 Valid thru: 21 September 2020.
P OSTAL A DDRESS MEV Journal Secretariat:
Research Centre for Electrical Power and Mechatronics, Indonesian Institute of Sciences (RCEPM - LIPI)
Komp LIPI Jl. Sangkuriang, Building 20, 2
ndFloor, R209 Bandung, West Java, 40135 Indonesia
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C OPY E DITING AND
P ROOFREADING
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R EFERENCE M ANAGEMENT Every article submitted to MEV Journal shall use reference management software e.g.
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® or Mendeley.O PEN A CCESS P OLICY MEV Journal provides immediate open access to its content on the
principle that making research freely available to the public to supports a greater global exchange of knowledge.
P ROCESSING C HARGES Every article submitted to MEV Journal will not have any Article Processing Charges. This includes submission, peer-reviewing, editing, publishing, maintaining and archiving, and allows immediate access to the full text versions of the articles.
P LAGIARISM C HECK
Plagiarism screening will be conducted by MEV Editorial Board using Crossref Similarity Check
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®and also using Grammarly
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C ROSSMARK
Every article will be published along with Crossmark button in the PDF and in the online abstract page. Crossmark gives readers quick and easy access to the current status of a piece of content.
C ITED - BY
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I NDEXING & A BSTRACTING MEV has been covered by these following indexing services:
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CC L ICENSE
MEV Journal by RCEPM-LIPI
allows reuse and remixing of its content under a CC BY-NC-SA
Creative Commons Attribution- NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License. Permissions beyond the scope of this license may be available athttp://www.mevjournal.com.
If you are a nonprofit or charitable organization, your use of an NC- licensed work could still run afoul of the NC restriction, and if you are a for-profit entity, your use of an NC-licensed work does not necessarily mean you have violated the term.
E DITOR - IN -C HIEF Prof. Dr. Estiko Rijanto Research Centre for Electrical Power and Mechatronics - Indonesian Institute of Sciences (LIPI), Komp LIPI Jl Sangkuriang, Blg 20, 2
ndFl, Bandung 40135, Indonesia
[email protected]
I NTERNATIONAL
E DITORIAL B OARD Prof. Rosli bin Abu Bakar Faculty of Mechanical
Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Pahang
26600 Pekan, Pahang, Malaysia
Prof. Ir. Jamasri, Ph.D.
Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Gadjah Mada University
Jl. Grafika
No. 2, Yogyakarta, 55281, Indonesia
Prof. Tapan Kumar Saha Electrical Engineering, The University of Queensland St. Lucia, Qld-4072, Australia
Prof. Muhammad Nizam, S.T, M.T, Ph.D.
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Universitas Sebelas Maret Surakarta
Jl. Ir. Sutami 36 A, Surakarta, 57126, Indonesia
Prof. Josep M Rossell Control, Dynamics and Applications (CoDAlab), Department of Mathematics Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC), Avda. Bases de Manresa, 61-73 08242 - Manresa (Barcelona), Spain
Prof. Taufik
Director of Electric Power Institute, California Polytechnique San Luis Obispo, CA 93407, United States
Prof. Dr. Tagawa Yasutaka Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology
Naka-machi 2 - 24 – 16, Koganei – shi, Tokyo, 184 – 8588, Japan Prof. Dr. Bambang Riyanto School of Electrical Engineering and Informatics, Bandung Institute of Technology Jl. Ganesha No. 10, Bandung 40135, Indonesia
Prof. Dr. Ir. R. Danardono Agus Sumarsono, DEA, PE
Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Indonesia
Kampus UI Depok 16424 Depok, Jawa Barat, Indonesia
Prof. Dr. Adi Soeprijanto Department of Electrical
Engineering, Faculty of Industrial Technology, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember (ITS) Campus ITS Keputih, Surabaya 60111, Indonesia
Dr. Jose Guivant School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, The University of New South Wales Ainsworth Building (J17) Level 3, Room 311B, Kensington Campus, Australia
Assoc. Prof. John Young School of Engineering and IT, The University of New South Wales, Australian Defence Force Academy, PO Box 7916, Canberra BC ACT 2610, Australia
Prof. Keum Shik Hong Department of Mechanical Engineering,
Pusan National University, Korea, Republic of
Dr. Tatacipta Dirgantara Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Bandung Institute of Technology, Jl. Ganesha No. 10, Bandung 40135, Indonesia
George Anwar, Ph.D.
University of California, 101 Sproul Hall, Berkeley, CA 94704, United States
Dr. Agus Sunjarianto Pamitran Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, University of Indonesia
Kampus UI Depok 16424 Depok, Jawa Barat, Indonesia
Dr. Ir. Pekik Argo Dahono School of Electrical Engineering and Informatics, Bandung Institute of Technology Jl. Ganesha No. 10, Bandung 40135, Indonesia
Riza Muhida, Ph.D.
STKIP Surya
Jl. Scientia Boulevard Blok U/7 Summarecon Gading Serpong, Tangerang, Banten, 15810, Indonesia
Dr.Eng. Budi Prawara Research Centre for Electrical Power and Mechatronics – LIPI Komp LIPI Bandung, Blg 20, 2
ndFl, Bandung 40135, Indonesia
A DVISORY E DITOR Dr. Endra Joelianto Engineering Physics,
Bandung Institute of Technology
Jl. Ganesha No. 10, Bandung
40135, Indonesia
D EPUTY E DITORS Tinton D Atmaja, M.T.
Research Centre for Electrical Power and Mechatronics – LIPI Komp LIPI Bandung, Blg 20, 2
ndFl, Bandung 40135, Indonesia
Ghalya Pikra, M.T.
Research Centre for Electrical Power and Mechatronics – LIPI Komp LIPI Bandung, Blg 20, 2
ndFl, Bandung 40135, Indonesia Mechanical Engineering
M ANAGING E DITORS , C ENTRAL O FFICE
Kadek Heri Sanjaya, Ph.D Research Centre for Electrical Power and Mechatronics – LIPI Komp LIPI Bandung, Blg 20, 2
ndFl, Bandung 40135, Indonesia Industrial Engineering
Dian Andriani, M.Eng.
Research Centre for Electrical Power and Mechatronics – LIPI Komp LIPI Bandung, Blg 20, 2
ndFl, Bandung 40135, Indonesia Industrial Engineering
Rifa Rahmayanti, M.Sc Research Centre for Electrical Power and Mechatronics – LIPI Komp LIPI Bandung, Blg 20, 2
ndFl, Bandung 40135, Indonesia Robotics and Mechatronics
M ANAGING E DITOR , A SIA P ACIFIC R EGION Aam Muharam, M.T.
ASEM, Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Engineering
Kyushu University Fukuoka, Japan
Yanuandri Putrasari, M.Eng.
Ulsan University
93 Daehak-ro, Mugeo-dong, Nam-gu, Ulsan, South Korea, Republic of Corea
M ANAGING E DITOR , E UROPE R EGION Naili Huda, M.Eng.Sc.
Warwick University Coventry CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
Roni Permana Saputra, M.Eng Dyson School of Design
Engineering
Robot Intelligence Lab
Imperial College, London, United Kingdom
E DITORS
Aditya Sukma Nugraha, M.T.
Mechanical Engineering
Agus Risdiyanto, M.T.
Electrical Engineering
Amin, M.T.
Electrical Engineering
Arief A Firdaus, S.I.Kom.
Communication Science
Arini Wresta, M.Eng.
Chemical Engineering
Dr. Edwar Yazid
Dynamics and Control System
Erie Martides, M.T.
Material Engineering
Hendri Maja Saputra, M.T.
Mechatronics and Robotics
Midriem Mirdanies, M.T.
Computer Engineering
Muhammad Kasim, M.RenEn Electrical Engineering
Nur Rohmah, M.T.
Chemical Engineering
Qidun Maulana Binu Soesanto, M.T.
Mechanical Engineering
Rakhmad Indra Pramana, M.T.
Mechanical and Material Engineering
Sapdo Utomo, M.T.
Mechatronics and Robotics
Vita Susanti, S.Kom Computer Science
Yayat Ruhiyat, A.Md.
Electrical Engineering
W EB A DMIN
Dadan R Saleh, M.T.
Informatics Engineering
S ECRETARIAT
Andri J Purwanto, S.T.
Mechanical Engineering
G RAPHIC D ESIGNER Yukhi Mustaqim Kusuma Sya’Bana, S.Sn.
Graphic Design
© 2017 RCEPM-LIPI. All rights reserved.
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Open Access Policy
MEV Journal provides immediate open access to its content on the principle that making research freely available to the public to supports a greater global exchange of knowledge.
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Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
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Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) after the acceptance and during the editing process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work
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The names and email addresses entered in this journal site will be used exclusively for the stated purposes of this journal and will not be made available for any other purpose or to any other party.
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No responsibility is assumed by the Publisher for any injury and/or damage to persons or property as a matter of products liability, negligence or otherwise, or from any use or operation of any methods, products, instructions or ideas contained in the material herein.
Although all advertising material is expected to conform to ethical (medical) standards, inclusion in this
publication does not constitute a guarantee or endorsement of the quality or value of such product or of
the claims made of it by its manufacturer.
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F OREWORD FROM E DITOR - IN -C HIEF
Journal of Mechatronics, Electrical Power, and Vehicular Technology (MEV) is an international journal indexed by many internationally recognized indexers. Its Digital Object Identifier (DOI) Prefix is 10.14203. In this issue, five papers are published with the total number of 45 pages. The authors came from Indonesia, United Kingdom, Australia, and South Korea.
One paper is related to mechatronics which addresses an experimental review of distance sensors for indoor mapping. Another paper presents a preliminary study of biomechatronics for vehicular technology development. Three papers fall in the electrical power topic. The first paper deals with an optimization of hybrid SMES and CES using Cuckoo search algorithm for frequency stability improvement in a micro hydro power plant. The second paper investigates the performance of surface barrier discharge in magnetic field using a series resonance converter. The converter is used as a high voltage plasma generator, where the voltage is 5 kV with the frequency of 25 kHz. The third paper reports impacts of a biofuel use on a gas turbine operating performance. The experiments were conducted using a gas turbine with the capacity of 18 MW.
Since the first volume, our journal provides discretion in financial term by waiving the article processing charge. We wish to offer our thanks to the Indonesian Institute of Sciences (LIPI) for their continuing unwaving support. Also, we would like to acknowledge our immense gratitude to our International Editorial Board members, reviewers and authors.
We hope this publication would contribute to the enhancement of science and technology.
Bandung, December 2017
Editor-in-Chief
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L IST OF C ONTENTS
Simulation of lumbar and neck angle flexion while ingress of paratransit (angkot) in Indonesia as a preliminary design study
Yukhi Mustaqim Kusuma Sya’bana, Kadek Heri Sanjaya, Muhammad Redho Kurnia,
James Shippen ... 70-75
Frequency stability improvement of micro hydro power system using hybrid SMES and CES based on Cuckoo search algorithm
Muhammad Ruswandi Djalal, Herlambang Setiadi, Andi Imran ... 76-84
Experimental review of distance sensors for indoor mapping
Midriem Mirdanies, Roni Permana Saputra ... 85-94
The performance of surface barrier discharge in magnetic field driven by half bridge series resonance converter
Fri Murdiya, Febrizal, Amun Amri ... 95-102
The impacts of a biofuel use on the gas turbine operating performance
Irhan Febijanto ... 103-114
Further articles can be found at http://www.mevjournal.com
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A BSTRACTS S HEET
e-ISSN: 2088-6985 Date of issues: 28 December 2017
p-ISSN: 2087-3379
The descriptions given are free terms. This abstract sheet may be reproduced without permission or change.
Yukhi Mustaqim Kusuma Sya’banaa,b,*, Kadek Heri Sanjayab, Muhammad Redho Kurniab, James Shippenc (aIndustrial Design, Keimyung University 1095 Dalgubeol-daero, Dalseo-Gu, Daegu 42601, South Korea; bResearch Centre for Electrical Power and Mechatronics, Indonesian Institute of Sciences Jl.Cisitu/Sangkuriang, Bandung 40135, Indonesia; cDepartment of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering, Coventry University Coventry CV1 5FB, UK, United Kingdom)
Simulation of lumbar and neck angle flexion while ingress of paratransit (angkot) in Indonesia as a preliminary design study Journal of Mechatronics, Electrical Power, and Vehicular Technology, December 2017, vol. 8, no. 2, p. 70-75, 7 ill, 1 tab, 44 ref.
This is the preliminary finding of a study to simulate lumbar and neck flexion while ingress to the paratransit. The result of simulation will determine design aspect criteria as a preliminary step before ideation and implementation design steps. Biomechanics of Bodies (BoB) is software that used to represent passenger task during paratransit ingress simulation, with skeleton model that used is height 165 cm and weight 65 kg. Environment to represent this simulation is measured Suzuki Carry SS 2013 as a private car that has been modified into a public transportation in accordance with the Indonesian government road-worthy test. Due to the low height of the entrance and the high ground clearance, lumbar and neck joint angle was a focus of this ingress simulation. The peak angle at the neck joint is 40° when 2 s skeleton nod in the door limitation ingress and lumbar flexion is 70° when 5 s skeleton is walking while bend over that will increase the load on that area. Based on biomechanical simulation approach, we may suggest the dimension of public transportation design framework developments, especially paratransit.
(Author) Keywords: paratransits ingress; angkot; product design process;
biomechanical simulation.
Muhammad Ruswandi Djalala,*, Herlambang Setiadib, Andi Imranc (aDepartment of Mechanical Engineering State Polytechnics of Ujung Pandang Jl. Perintis Kemerdekaan 7 km. 10, Makassar, Indonesia; bSchool of Information Technology & Electrical Engineering The University of Queensland, Level 4/General Purpose South Building (building 78) St. Lucia Campus, Brisbane, Australia; Dept. of Electrical Engineering, Sepuluh Nopember Institut of Technology, Jl. Raya ITS, Surabaya 60117, Indonesia) Frequency stability improvement of micro hydro power system using hybrid SMES and CES based on Cuckoo search algorithm Journal of Mechatronics, Electrical Power, and Vehicular Technology, December 2017, vol. 8, no. 2, p. 76-84, 13 ill, 6 tab, 22 ref.
Micro hydro has been chosen because it has advantages both economically, technically and as well as in terms of environmental friendliness. Micro hydro is suitable to be used in areas that difficult to be reached by the grid. Problems that often occur in the micro hydro system are not the constant rotation of the generator that caused by a change in load demand of the consumer. Thus causing frequency fluctuations in the system that can lead to damage both in the plant and in terms of consumer electrical appliances. The appropriate control technology should be taken to support the optimum performance of micro hydro. Therefore, this study will discuss a strategy of load frequency control by using Energy Storage. Superconducting magnetic energy storage (SMES) and capacitor energy storage (CES) are devices that can store energy in the form of a fast magnetic field in the superconducting coil. For the optimum performance, it is necessary to get the optimum tuning of SMES and CES parameters. The artificial intelligence methods, Cuckoo Search Algorithm (CSA) are used to obtain the optimum parameters in the micro hydro system. The simulation results show that the application of the CSA that use to tune the parameters of hybrid SMES-CES-PID can reduce overshoot oscillation of frequency response in micro hydro power plant.
(Author) Keywords: micro hydro; superconducting magnetic-capacitive energy storage; Cuckoo; overshoot.
Midriem Mirdaniesa,*, Roni Permana Saputraa,b (Research Centre for Electrical Power and Mechatronics, Indonesian Institute of Sciences Komp. LIPI Bandung, Jl. Sangkuriang, Gd. 20, Lt. 2, Bandung 40135, Indonesia; bDyson School of Design Engineering, Imperial College London, 10 Princes Gardens, South Kensington, London, UK)
Experimental review of distance sensors for indoor mapping Journal of Mechatronics, Electrical Power, and Vehicular Technology, December 2017, vol. 8, no. 2, p. 85-94, 15 ill, 13 tab, 11 ref.
One of the most important required ability of a mobile robot is perception. An autonomous mobile robot has to be able to gather information from the environment and use it for supporting the accomplishing task. One kind of sensor that essential for this process is distance sensor. This sensor can be used for obtaining the distance of any objects surrounding the robot and utilize the information for localizing, mapping, avoiding obstacles or collisions and many others. In this paper, some of the distance sensor, including Kinect, Hokuyo UTM-30LX, and RPLidar were observed experimentally. Strengths and weaknesses of each sensor were reviewed so that it can be used as a reference for selecting a suitable sensor for any particular application. A software application has been developed in C programming language as a platform for gathering information for all tested sensors. According to the
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significantly, and the RPLidar has the slowest processing time significantly, while the processing time of Kinect sensor was in between. These processing times were not significantly affected by various tested distance measurement.
(Author) Keywords: distance sensors; Kinect; Hokuyo UTM-30LX; RPLidar;
indoor mapping; autonomous mobile robot; C programming.
Fri Murdiyaa,*, Febrizala, Amun Amrib (aDepartment of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Riau Jl. H.R Suaranya KM. 12,5 Kampus Binawidya Simpang Baru Panam, Pekanbaru, Riau, Indonesia; bDepartment of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Riau Jl. H.R Suaranya KM.
12,5 Kampus Binawidya Simpang Baru Panam, Pekanbaru, Riau, Indonesia)
The performance of surface barrier discharge in magnetic field driven by half bridge series resonance converter
Journal of Mechatronics, Electrical Power, and Vehicular Technology, December 2017, vol. 8, no. 2, p. 95-102, 11 ill, 1 tab, 19 ref.
This paper reports an application of a series resonance converter as a high voltage generator to drive a surface barrier discharge with a magnetic field. The high voltage was about 5 kV with the frequency of 25 kHz. It was connected to circular aluminum plates as the anode electrode and a rectangular aluminum plate as the cathode electrode. These electrodes were separated by a glass dielectric as the barrier. The experiment result indicated that the discharge current with magnetic field was lower than without magnetic field.
The plasma on the surface barrier with magnetic field was more luminous than without magnetic field. It also indicated that the area of Lissajous diagram for the surface barrier discharge with magnetic field was slightly decreased than without magnetic field. It could be concluded that the magnetic field affects the plasma progress on the surface barrier. Molecular dynamic (MD) could be used in understanding the ionization process of air molecules. The ionization energies for CO2, N2, and O2 were 0.0502 kcal/mol, 0.0526 kcal/mol and 0.430 kcal/mol, respectively in 1,000 seconds.
The highest ionization energy was O2.
(Author) Keywords: Surface barrier discharge; magnetic field; series resonance converter; molecular dynamic; ionization energy.
Irhan Febijanto (Centre for Technology of Energy Resources Development, Deputy for Technology of Informatic, Energy and Mineral- BPPT, Cluster 5 of Energy Building, Puspiptek, Tangerang Selatan 15314)
The impacts of a biofuel use on the gas turbine operating performance
Journal of Mechatronics, Electrical Power, and Vehicular Technology, December 2017, vol. 8, no. 2, p. 103-114, 16 ill, 13 tab, 20 ref.
The use of Pure Plant Oil (PPO) as a fuel blend in a power plant is mandatory as stipulated in the Ministerial Decree of Energy and Mineral Resource of the Republic of Indonesia. However, the implementation of PPO used in power generation has many obstacles due to a lack of information concerning the impacts of
