Providing context for Smart Energy Cities

Providing context for Smart Energy Cities

Baseline Analysis Method Manual

Baseline Analysis reports

Authors

Joshua (G) Bird – Arup

Paula Kirk – Arup

Contributors

Stef le Fevre, Bob Mantel, Amsterdam

2

Introduction

This report summarises the work undertaken and methodology for producing the City Baseline Analysis as part of the

EU-FP7 TRANSFORM project. Appended are the resulting City Baseline Reports.

The first deliverable from TRANSFORM is an outline of each city utilizing existing data; this is the City Baseline Analysis. As

specified in the Transform proposal, the objective of the analysis is to produce a clear outline of each of the participating cities

in the Transform project. This outline should draw on existing materials to describe the city in terms of climate, energy assets,

ambitions, and targets. The outline should also include information on energy production, energy flows and energy efficiency,

where possible.

The role of the City Baseline Analysis is to hold up a mirror to each of the participating cities and to illustrate their current status

across a range of sectors. The City Baseline Analysis should provide a snapshot in time of each city; this is a reference point,

from which the Transformation Agenda will define the process to become A Smart Energy City.

The Smart Energy City Definition including the key elements and Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) have also been developed

as part of work package 1 will provide a set parameters or metrics against which a city can monitor their progress (see fig. 1).

The results of this work can be found in the following reports:

1.

Definition of a Smart Energy City;

2.

Becoming a Smart Energy City, state of the art of 6 TRANSFORM cities;

The findings of the baseline analysis are displayed in a series of six short reports; one per city. These are the City Baseline

reports; the starting place from which the cities will begin their transition to Smart Energy Cities.

As well as providing a point of reference, each city will be able to use their City Baseline Analysis report in their intake

workshop. The analysis will help them to decide the areas they would like to focus their efforts.

Figure 1. Illustration of the Transform progress including the positioning of the City Baseline Analysis

Roles and workflow

The Baseline analysis was carried out by WP1 overseen by the City of Copenhagen as WP1 leader.

Arup lead on the creation of the questionnaires, collection of data and development of the baseline reports.

1) 2) The process began with Arup producing a draft questionnaire to be issued to the cities, for more information on the

baseline questionnaire see section 1.3. This draft was reviewed by the other active parties in WP1: Accenture, DTU and the

City of Copenhagen.

3) A blank questionnaire was then issued to each of the cities.

4) 5) Once the data was received from the cities, the most suitable data was then used to draft Baseline Reports. Where

appropriate, the data was also supplemented with additional research. Hamburg and Amsterdam have produced an invaluable

‘Status-quo  report’  detailing the characteristics and ambitions of Hamburg and Amsterdam. It has been suggested that all 6

cities

6) A gap-analysis was then carried out, and the draft reports were returned to each city with suggestion of how to improve their

data.

7)8) The cities then provided updates to their data, and the baseline reports were revised and issued.

Reports Revised & issued Updates received from cities Gap analysis Draft reports produced Responses received from cities Questionnaire issued to cities Questionnaire reviewed by WP1 Arup produced questionnaire

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

The Baseline questionnaire- data collection

Each city was issued with a blank copy of the questionnaire to populate. This self-assessment asked a series of questions

about  each  city’s  current  state.  

Questions  (or  ‘hard  KPIs’)  were  asked  regarding  the  cities  status  across  six  sectors:  Energy,  Waste,  Water,  Transport,  

Buildings and ICT. The questions were divided thematically into these six sectors so that the questionnaire could be easily

divided up amongst the departments within the city authority. Aligning the structure of the questionnaire as closely as possible

with organisational structure of the cities allowed cities to respond more efficiently.

Questions were selected on the following basis:

- To provide a broad coverage across the cities sectors;

- Answers could be easily provided by the cities using existing data with minimal calculation or analysis; and

- In line with previous work carried out by Arup and Accenture on Smart Cities.

The  questionnaire  also  contained  a  ‘powers’  assessment  tool;;  this  is  used  to  establish  a  city  authority’s  level  of  influence  in

each sector. For each of the six sections, the city was asked to report their level of influence over the visions, budgets and

policies.

Building the reports- The analysis

The reports produced are a series of 2-page dashboards. Maximising the use of graphics, the reports provide a 10 minute

overview of the quantitative data available on the city.

The  ‘powers  table’  issued  in  the  baseline  questionnaire  was  used  to  produce  a  graphic  illustrating  the  city’s  control/influence

over each sector. For each sector (i.e. water, waste, energy), and under each area of influence (i.e. set vision, budgetary

control, etc.) cities were asked to nominate their level of power (i.e. Sets vision, no influence, etc. The diagram illustrates in

relative terms, where the city has power, and at what stage in the process they can assert this power.

Reflection- Improvements to the process

In terms of improvements to the process of producing the City Baseline Analysis, below are some points observed by WP1 and

fed back from the cities.

Improving the efficiency of data collection

- Better definition of responsible parties within the cities;

- Greater use of local partners in data collection; and

- Greater customisation to the questionnaire to individual city requirements.

Functionality and additional value of the baseline analysis process

- Cities gained an insight into their data availability;

- Level of detail in the questionnaire allowed cities to realise what they do and do not know;

- Cooperation between stakeholders was strengthened through the data collection process; and

- Data collection and questionnaire formed an important intervention to start TA process;

8 0,00 0,02 0,04 0,06 0,08 0,10 0,12 0,14 0,16 0,18 0,20

Natural Gas Heat from district heating

Electricity Biomass pellets

A v e r a g e f u e l p r i c e s

( € / k W h

)

Small consumers Large consumers 0

500

2139 heating degree

days per year

T R A N S F O R M C I T Y 2 0 1 3

K E Y F A C T S

E N E R G Y

Population 800,000

Climate

776 mm average

rainfall per year

9.7 ºC average

temperature

M i n -24 ºC M a x 35 ºC

Temperature range

0 0,25 0,5 0,75 1 1970 1990 2013 2025 2050 M illi o ns +8% +4% +13% -20% 2% 4% 5% 5% 6% 7% 9% 11% 15% Agriculture Tourism Education Creative industries Public Sector Light & Heavy Industry Health Finance & insurance Business services

Economy

€ 38 billion GDP

748 GWh 4032 GWh Non-residential No more than the price of natural gas

E l e c t r i c i t y

d e m a n d

Residential Natural gas 28% Oil 12% Coal 17% Nuclear 4% Biomass 5% Wind 4% Energy from Waste 30% gCO

6 0 8

₂ / kWh_e

G r i d m i x

B U I L D I N G S

Residential 93% Commercial 4% Industrial 1% Public 1% Other 1%

Room heating & Air conditioning

3 8 % 2 5 %

Lighting

1 3 %

Hot Water

2 5 %

Plug loads

E n e r g y u s e i n b u i l d i n g s

From 2015 all new construction in the city must be

climate-neutral

. This means that the

building-related energy consumption will be reduced as far as possible by means of insulation (while retaining proper ventilation) and the remaining energy demand will be met from sustainable sources.

Residential 31% Private business 18% Public services Green areas 38% Transport infrastructure and logistics 11%

C i t y

l a n d

u s e

Waste to energy 82% Recycled 18% A m s t e r d a m a i m s t o r e d u c e o v e r a l l G H G e m i s s i o n s b y

4 0 %

b y 2 0 2 5

( b a s e d o n a 1 9 9 0 b a s e l i n e )

P O W E R S

T R A N S P O R T

W A S T E

G H G R E D U C T I O N T A R G E T

T R A N S F O R M C I T Y 2 0 1 3

W A T E R

T H E N E T H E R L A N D S

A M S T E R D A M

1 . 1 5 k g

o f w a s t e g e n e r a t e d p e r p e r s o n p e r d a y

I C T

Amsterdam

Organics 40% Metals 3% Wood 2% Glass 10% Textiles 7% Plastics 13% Paper and cardboard 25% M a k e - u p o f W a s t e

4 0 0 k m

o f c y c l e l a n e s

6 7 %

Private Other Residential ; 55% Industrial; 40% Agiculture; 5%

1 0 0 %

S u r f a c e W a t e r W a t e r t r e a t e d p e r d a y

2 6 0

m i l l i o n m3 m e t r i c t o n n e s o f C O2 e q u i v a l e n t ( C O2e ) p e r y e a r 2 0 1 1 T o t a l c i t y - w i d e e m i s s i o n s

5 , 0 9 4 , 0 0 0

The  “Amsterdam  Definitely Sustainable 2011 – 2014”  programme focuses on 4 pillars:

• Climate and energy • Mobility and air quality

• Sustainable innovative economy • Materials and consumers

M a n a g e m e n t o f W a s t e

z e r o

w a s t e t o l a n d f i l l

8 0 % o f c i t i z e n s a r e m e m b e r s

I n t e r m o d a l

t i c k e t i n g s y s t e m

Natural gas (district heating) 23% EfW 22% Oil 5% Coal 22% Biomass 27% Other 1% 0,0 0,1 0,1 0,2 0,2 0,3 0,3

Electricity Heat from district heating Residential Commercial Biomass 484 GWh/yr 68% Wind 96 GWh/yr 13% Other 133 GWh/yr 19%

3 1 . 8

W a t e r d e l i v e r e d p e r d a y m i l l i o n m3

E N E R G Y

W A T E R

C o m b i n e d

Rainwater and

wastewater system

Most of the city has a joint system where stormwater and waste water is

discharged for processing in central treatment plants. Separate sewer systems only exist in the part of the city which is close to the ports.

100% of all domestic users buildings are

H e a t

s u p p l y

1 0 0 %

G r o u n d W a t e r 98.3% of homes are connected to district heating, produced by CHP. Natural gas, 16% Oil, 1% Coal, 35% Nuclear, 3% Biomass, 9% Wind, 33% Energy from Waste, 4%

426

g C O

₂

e / k W h

2 0 1 1

Residential 66% Industrial _18%

Water use is reportedly falling - approaching

100l

/capita/day

E l e c t r i c i t y

g e n e r a t e d f r o m

r e n e w a b l e

s o u r c e s w i t h i n

t h e c i t y

G r i d M i x

A v e r a g e f u e l p r i c e s

( € / k W h )

Solar 0.1 GWh/yr 0.01%

6,878

P r i m a r y e n e r g y c o n s u m p t i o n o f C o p e n h a g e n

G W h / y r

I n c l u d i n g 2 , 4 6 3 G W h o f e l e c t r i c i t y p e r y e a r

K E Y F A C T S

Economy

€ 35 billion GDP

€ 63,000 GDP per capita

Population 550,000

15% increase 1990 – 2013

Climate

712 mm average

rainfall per year

11 ºC average

temperature

M i n -31.2 ºC 1982 M a x 36.2ºC 1974

City budget

€ 12,000 per capita

Temperature range

0 0,1 0,2 0,3 0,4 0,5 0,6 0,7 1970 1990 2013 2025 M illi o n s +15% +18% -33% Residential 28% Private business 12% Public services Green areas 29% Transport infrastructure and logistics 23% A r e a 7 4 . 4 k m2

C i t y

l a n d

u s e

0,01% 1,8% 2,3% 3,1% 3,6% 3,9% 4,5% 5,7% 6,4% 7,0% 9,4% 12,7% 17,1% 22,0% Agriculture Tourism Culture and leisure Other servcies Health Industry Creative industries Education Trade Property Transport Finance & insurance Public Sector Business service

P O W E R S

T R A N S P O R T

4 1 1 k m

o f c y c l e l a n e s

9 4 %

a r e s e g r e g a t e d

W A S T E

m e t r i c t o n n e s o f C O₂ e q u i v a l e n t ( C O2e ) p e r y e a r 2 0 1 2 T o t a l c i t y - w i d e e m i s s i o n s

2 , 1 2 4 , 3 1 2

G H G R E D U C T I O N T A R G E T

C o p e n h a g e n a i m s t o r e d u c e o v e r a l l G H G e m i s s i o n s b y

2 0 % b y 2 0 1 5

( a c h i e v e d i n 2 0 1 1 )

100%

B y 2 0 2 5

( b a s e d o n a 2 0 0 5 b a s e l i n e )

Transport is a main part of the Climate Plan 2025. Copenhagen is focused on making cycling, walking or using public transport the most attractive means of transport for Copenhageners to get around the city.

C O P E N H A G E N , D E N M A R K

T R A N S F O R M C I T Y 2 0 1 3

Better utilisation of waste is prioritised, so as many resources as possible are reused and less is incinerated. Targets:

1. Reduce the amount of waste for incineration by 20% 2. Ensure 45% of household waste is reused by 2018

Waste produced in the city

400

kg/person/year Recycling / composting 25% Waste to energy 74% Landfill 1% Accounts for 4% of electricity and 22% of district heating

100%

Formal waste collection coverage in the city

Cars/Taxis 26% Rail/Metro /Tram/Buses 14% Ferries/ River boats 0.5% Walking 26% Cycling 32% Other 2%

If the use of cars is necessary, the goal is that the large majority of them use electrical, hydrogen or are hybrids. Transport must contribute to making a greener, smarter and healthier city in 2025

High provision of facilities for cyclists has led to a large proportion of journeys being undertaken by bicycle. 32% Copenhagen

1 2 9

O n s t r e e t e l e c t r i c v e h i c l e c h a r g i n g p o i n t s

I n t e r m o d a l

t i c k e t i n g s y s t e m

M a n a g e m e n t o f W a s t e M o d a l S p l i t

Surface water 86% Ground water 14%

Residential,

62%

C om m er cial , 13% Mu ni ci pa l, 7% Ind us tr ial , 8 % O the r, 9%

0 . 1 7

w a s t e w a t e r t r e a t e d p e r d a y m i l l i o n m3 Coal 93% Hydro 1% Solar 4% Energy from Waste 2% E x t r e m e f l o o d s e x p e r i e n c e d i n 2 0 1 0 & 2 0 1 1 Public 7% Commercial 38% Residential 55% G e n o a ’ s   w a t e r   s u p p l y b y s o u r c e

K E Y F A C T S

E N E R G Y

W A T E R

Population 605,000

14% decrease 2002 – 2012

Climate

14-20 ºC average temperature

1014 mm

average rainfall per year

C o m b i n e d

Rainwater and

wastewater system

1 , 5 2 9

( 2 0 0 5 ) G W h / y r E l e c t r i c i t y c o n s u m e d i n G e n o a Natural gas (individual boilers) 65% Fuel oil 3% Electrical heating 24% Solar thermal 0.002% Biomass 0.061% Liquid gas 1% Diesel 7% 0 0,2 0,4 0,6 0,8 1 1970 1990 2013 2025 M illi o ns -16% -14% 0.1%

€17,045

( 2 0 1 1 ) A v e r a g e d i s p o s a b l e i n c o m e o f

p e r c a p i t a

Economy

€ 27,792

( 2 0 0 9 ) G D P p e r c a p i t a

p e r c a p i t a

G e n e r a t i o n a s s e t s o w n e d b y G e n o a 4MW 8MW 12MW EfW Solar Hydro Coal 300MW

2 3 , 0 0 0

t o n n e s o f

C O

₂

/ y e a r

G e n e r a t e d f r o m s u p p l y i n g w a t e r

H e a t

s u p p l y

4 5 0

g C O2 / k W he

G r i d M i x

Biogas 72,522 MWh V o l u m e o f e l e c t r i c i t y g e n e r a t e d b y r e n e w a b l e s w i t h i n G e n o a Hydro 3,489 MWh Biomass 3,768 MWh G W h p e r y e a r P r i m a r y e n e r g y c o n s u m p t i o n 2 0 0 5

8 , 0 7 7

F r e q u e n t f l o o d i n g e v e n t s

Residential 92% Commercial & Industrial 3% Public 2% Other 3%

U s a g e o f

b u i l d i n g s

i n G e n o a

P O W E R S

I C T

T R A N S P O R T

W A S T E

G H G R E D U C T I O N T A R G E T

G e n o a a i m s t o r e d u c e o v e r a l l

G H G e m i s s i o n s b y

2 3 . 7 %

b y 2 0 2 0

( b a s e d o n a 2 0 0 5 b a s e l i n e )

G E N O A , I T A L Y

T R A N S F O R M C I T Y 2 0 1 3

Genoa

B U I L D I N G S

H o u s i n g s t o c k

b u i l t p r i o r t o

Organics 43% Metals 3% Wood 3% Glass 5% Textiles 7% Plastics 17% Paper and cardboard 13% Fines (soil, dust etc) 1% Other 8% _Re-use 1% Recycling / composting 33% Landfill 66% M a n a g e m e n t o f W a s t e

1 . 4 5 k g

w a s t e g e n e r a t e d p e r p e r s o n p e r d a y Private motorized Buses Rail/ Metro/ Tram F r e e p a r k i n g f o r l o w e m i s s i o n v e h i c l e s G e n o a ’ s   U r b a n   M o b i l i t y   P l a n i n c l u d e s d e v e l o p m e n t o f t h e u r b a n r a i l w a y s y s t e m L o w e m i s s i o n b u s e s i n u s e

+

G e n o a ’ s   U r b a n   M o b i l i t y   P l a n a l s o i n c l u d e s d e v e l o p m e n t o f a B u s R a p i d T r a n s i t s y s t e m B a s e d o n 2 0 0 1 c e n s u s d a t a

E n s u r i n g

p a r t i c i p a t i o n

& t r a n s p a r e n c y

1 9 , 2 4 1

w w w . c o m u n e . g e n o v a . i t

W

ire

les

s

ho

tspots

92

registered wireless h o t s p o t u s e r s m e t r i c t o n n e s o f C O₂ e q u i v a l e n t ( C O₂e ) p e r y e a r 2 0 0 5 T o t a l c i t y - w i d e e m i s s i o n s

2 , 2 7 1 , 9 1 3

Amiu is a public company,

owned by the municipality

of Genoa who have

recently commissioned a

new recycling plant.

Genoa’s  citizens are

offered economic

incentives for using

recycling sites of for

composting at home.

14 Biomass, 164 GWh Wind, 82 GWh Hydro, 500 GWh Solar, 12 GWh Other, 86 GWh Natural gas (individual boilers) 51% Oil 17% District heating- EfW 6% Electrical 6% District heating- Natural gas 26% 0 0,5 1 1,5 2 1970 1990 2013 2025 2050 M illi o n s +3% -5%

T R A N S F O R M C I T Y 2 0 1 3

K E Y F A C T S

E N E R G Y

Economy

€ 94 billion GDP

€ 52,400 GDP per capita

Population 1.8m

Climate

733 mm average

rainfall per year

8.7 ºC average

temperature

M i n -29.1 ºC M a x 37.7ºC

City budget

€ 6,159 per capita

-9% +8%

H e a t

s u p p l y

Temperature range

0.1% 1.7% 2.1% 2.7% 3.1% 4.7% 5.6% 6.1% 12.8% 61.3% Agriculture Tourism Creative industries Heavy Industry Education Public Sector Health Finance & insurance Light Industry Business services 0,00 0,10 0,20 0,30 0,40 0,50 0,60 0,70 0,80 0,90 1,00

Average fuel prices

(€ / kWh)

Residential Commercial €1.5 €1.7

Hamburg has established a city-owned energy

supplier- Hamburg Energie. This organisation, in

cooperation with the city, tackles the challenges of

furthering energy efficiency measures, low carbon

heating, energy storage and virtual power plants.

The city authority currently owns just over 25% of the

cities energy networks. In September 2013 a

referendum will be held on the municipalisation of all

Hamburg’s  of  gas  and  power  grids.

Natural gas 36% Oil 4% Coal 45% Biomass 7% Wind 3% EfW 5% _gCO 2 / kWhe

5 6 2

G r i d m i x

Residential 39% Private business 12% H a m b u r g P o r t

• Generates €50,000 per capita • 11,000 ships per year

• 1,800 employees • 220 trains per day

7 4 k m

2

o f p o r t s p a c e s

C i t y

l a n d

u s e

Transport infrastructure and logistics 23% Green areas, watercourses & lakes 26%

18,995

( 2 0 1 1 ) P r i m a r y e n e r g y c o n s u m p t i o n o f H a m b u r g

G W h / y r

w i t h

2 . 5 %

o f e l e c t r i c i t y g e n e r a t e d f r o m r e n e w a b l e s

Electricity, 47% Heating, 34% Transport, 18% Residential, 13.70% Commercial; 14,30% Industrial, 17.40% Public; 1,20% Residential, 16.10% Commercial; 11,20% Industrial, 6.80% Public, 18.40% m e t r i c t o n n e s o f C O2 e q u i v a l e n t ( C O2e ) p e r y e a r 2 0 0 9 T o t a l c i t y - w i d e e m i s s i o n s

1 1 , 4 4 5 , 0 0 0

G H G R E D U C T I O N T A R G E T

P O W E R S

T R A N S P O R T

W A S T E

H a m b u r g a i m s t o r e d u c e o v e r a l l G H G e m i s s i o n s b y

4 0 %

b y 2 0 2 0

( b a s e d o n a 1 9 9 0 b a s e l i n e )

H A M B U R G , G E R M A N Y

T R A N S F O R M C I T Y 2 0 1 3

Organics 38% Metals 1% Glass 7% Plastics 7% Paper and cardboard 20% Other 27% Re-use, recycling & composting 35% Waste to energy 65% Supplying 5% of electricity demand

z e r o

w a s t e t o l a n d f i l l

Residential, 73.20% Commercial, 20.00% Industrial, 2.80% Municipal, 2.50% Other, 1.50% It is currently mandated that all buildings shall be on a metered water supply.

Stadtreinigung Hamburg (SRH) is a Hamburg

owned waste management company

responsible for the management of residual waste, bulky waste, bio-waste, paper waste and organises the recycling, energy recovery and disposal of all waste

streams The Hamburg Water Cycle is a

water management project which will be implemented at two locations in Hamburg. It aims to separate grey water, black water and storm water for separate treatment ; this will both increase drainage capacity and maximise the reclaiming of nutrients from black water.

0 . 5 4

w a s t e w a t e r t r e a t e d p e r d a y m i l l i o n m3

Hamburg

2 7 . 7 b n

p a s s e n g e r k m s t r a v e l l e d b y R a p i d Private motorized transport 41% Public Transport 17% Walking 28% Cycling 12% Other 2%

I n t e r m o d a l

t i c k e t i n g s y s t e m

The city also has over 1,200 buses; 38 of which a low emission models..

1 0 0

O n s t r e e t e l e c t r i c v e h i c l e c h a r g i n g p o i n t s

I C T

P e r c a p i t a e m i s s i o n s h a v e a l r e a d y b e e n r e d u c e d b y 1 5 % c o m p a r e d t o 1 9 9 0 .

B r e a k d o w n

o f c a r b o n

e m i s s i o n s

1 , 7 0 0 k m

o f c y c l e l a n e s

2 0 0 k m

a r e s e g r e g a t e d

M o d a l S p l i t

W A T E R

Biomass 12% Hydro 82% Other 6% District heating- Gas 46% EfW 9% Oil 14% Electrical heating 27% Other 4%

T R A N S F O R M C I T Y 2 0 1 3

K E Y F A C T S

E N E R G Y

Economy

€ 56 billion GDP

€ 42,831 GDP per capita

€ 19,286 disposable income per capita

Population 1.3m

Climate

835 mm average

rainfall per year

11.39 ºC average

temperature

M i n -24.6 ºC M a x 40.5ºC

40,000

( 2 0 0 6 ) P r i m a r y e n e r g y c o n s u m p t i o n o f L y o n

G W h / y r

H e a t

s u p p l y

Temperature range

Nuclear 75% Hydro 23% Other 2% gCO2 / kWhe

9 5

G r i d M i x

E l e c t r i c i t y g e n e r a t e d b y r e n e w a b l e s i n L y o n ( p e r a n n u m )

175,000

N u m b e r o f r e s i d e n c e s i n s t a l l e d w i t h s m a r t e r e n e r g y m e t e r s s i n c e 2 0 1 1 0 0,02 0,04 0,06 0,08 0,1 0,12 0,14 0,16 0,18 0,2 P rice Commercial Residential

A v e r a g e f u e l p r i c e s

( € / k W h )

_{€1.6 €1.4}

4 actions clearly identify in Lyon’s  

Sustainable Energy Action Plan

(2011):

1. To develop biomass heating

district,

2. Support to organize wood market

at regional level

3. To drive the territory and the

private and public entities in the

development of renewable energy

4. To ease implementation of smart

grids for private companies

Lyon has created a specific

administrative entity to define the

energy strategy and put in place an

operational action plan.

L y o n a i m s t o r e d u c e o v e r a l l G H G e m i s s i o n s b y

2 0 %

b y 2 0 2 0

( b a s e d o n a 2 0 0 0 b a s e l i n e )

P O W E R S

T R A N S P O R T

W A S T E

G H G R E D U C T I O N T A R G E T

L Y O N , F R A N C E

T R A N S F O R M C I T Y 2 0 1 3

W A T E R

Lyon enforces a strong policy on rainwater re-infiltration to resupply the water table and to ensure sewage systems function well.

Organics 18% Metals 3% Wood 4% Glass 7% Textiles 2% Plastics 9% Paper and cardboard 22% Fines (soil, dust etc) 7% Other 28% Re-use, recycling & composting 28% Waste to energy 59% Landfill 13% Supplying 0.3% of electricity demand

4 0 , 0 0 0

t o n n e s o f C O2 e m i t t e d a n n u a l l y

2 3 0

w a s t e w a t e r t r e a t e d p e r d a y m i l l i o n m3 Private motorized transport 34% Rail/Metro/Tram/ Walking 40% Taxi 2% Cycling 2% Other 2%

Lyon

M a k e - u p o f W a s t e M a n a g e m e n t o f W a s t e

9,000

people  are  subscribed  to  Lyon’s  official   car share scheme

20%

use it once a week

m e t r i c t o n n e s o f C O₂ e q u i v a l e n t ( C O₂e ) p e r y e a r 2 0 0 6 T o t a l c i t y - w i d e e m i s s i o n s

7 , 5 0 0 , 0 0 0

Transport 26% District Heating 3% Services 14% Residential 20% Waste Industry and Waste Management 37% _{B r e a k d o w n o f} c a r b o n

e m i s s i o n s

M o d a l S p l i t

18 0 0,05 0,1 0,15 0,2 Coal Natural

gas heatingDistrict Oil Biomasspellets Electricity

Average fuel prices

(€ / kWh)

Residential Commercial Solar thermal 1% Biomass 4% District Heating (EFW) 6% Electrical 6% Oil 6% Other 8% District heating- Natural gas 26% Individual boilers 43%

75%

Residential

25%

Commercial Natural gas Wind Biomass EfW Solar Hydro G e n e r a t i o n a s s e t s o w n e d b y V i e n n a 1.8 GW 134 MW 60 MW 25 MW 6 MW 0.6 MW 0 0,5 1 1,5 2 1971 1991 2013 2030 2050 M illi o n s +8% +6%

0 . 5 4

w a s t e w a t e r t r e a t e d p e r d a y m i l l i o n m3

K E Y F A C T S

E N E R G Y

W A T E R

Natural gas 82% Hydro 14% Biomass EfW Wind Solar Oil

1 8 8 . 5

g C O₂ / k W h_e 0.1% 5% 7% 7% 9% 10% 11% 11% 16% 22% Agriculture Tourism Creative industries Heavy Industry Education Health Public Sector Service - Finance Light Industry Service - Business

Economy

€ 72 billion GDP

€ 42,600 GDP per capita

Population 1.7 m

10% increase 2002 – 2012

Climate

673 mm average

rainfall per year

11 ºC average

temperature

M i n -26.3 ºC 11  Feb  ‘29 M a x 38.3ºC 08  Jul  ‘57

C o m b i n e d

Rainwater and

wastewater system

Vienna’s water treatment plant in Simmering achieves purification levels of 98 to 99 per cent. By 2020 a sludge treatment plant will be developed which will provide enough renewable energy to power the plant.

It is currently mandated that all buildings shall be on a metered water supply.

City budget

€ 7,029

per capita

46,627

( 2 0 1 0 ) P r i m a r y e n e r g y c o n s u m p t i o n o f V i e n n a

G W h / y r

-7% +13%

H e a t

s u p p l y

The City of Vienna distributes water by a gravity fed system ; using no pumping energy in supplying almost all major areas.

1 5 0 l i t r e s W a t e r c o n s u m p t i o n p e r c a p i t a p e r d a y

Vienna consumes

8,294 GWh

per year of electricity. The City benefits from a relatively low carbon electricity supply, with over 90% electricity being supplied by from natural gas or hydro-power.

Temperature range

37.9% of homes are connecting to district heating. 4% Residential 25% Private business 11% Green areas 50% Transport infrastructur e and logistics 14%

C i t y

l a n d

u s e

G r i d m i x

9.4%

of the City’s energy demand is covered by renewable energy

V i e n n a a i m s t o r e d u c e o v e r a l l G H G e m i s s i o n s b y

2 1 %

p e r c a p i t a

b y 2 0 2 0

( b a s e d o n a 1 9 9 0 b a s e l i n e )

P O W E R S

I C T

The City of Vienna is constantly expanding the ICT

services for its citizens. The ICT strategy is based

on the business strategy of the City of Vienna. ICT

supports in particular the two cornerstones of

administrative modernization: customer focus

and efficiency.

9 9 %

o f h o m e s t o h a v e

s u p e r - f a s t b r o a d b a n d b y

2 0 2 0

T R A N S P O R T

Private motorized transport 29% Rail/Metro/ Buses Walking 28% Cycling 6%

1 2 0 0 k m

o f c y c l e l a n e s

2 1 %

a r e s e g r e g a t e d

1 8 8 , 5 0 5

J o b s i n s u s t a i n a b i l i t y & g r e e n e n e r g y j o b s t h r o u g h o u t A u s t r i a

W A S T E

Organics 41% Metals 3% Wood 3% Glass 5% Textiles 3% Plastics 10% Paper and cardboard 18% Other 17% m e t r i c t o n n e s o f C O2 e q u i v a l e n t ( C O2e ) p e r y e a r 2 0 0 6 T o t a l c i t y - w i d e e m i s s i o n s

9 , 1 9 4 , 0 0 0

G H G R E D U C T I O N T A R G E T

The city also has

an intermodal

e-ticketing system in

place and over

400

wireless

hotspots.

Transport Master Plan was developed within a cooperative consulting process, with the active participation of several departments both within and outside Vienna City Administration. Local citizens were also involved in an involvement

Vienna’s 2003 Transport Master Plan is the City of Vienna's strategic transport concept, setting clear transport policy priorities while also leaving room for local, regional and global developments.

8 4 %

of homes have an internet connection 2% do not have broadband Recycling / composting 32% Waste to energy 61% Other 6%

< 1 %

of to waste landfill Supplying 1.2% of electricity demand

V I E N N A , A U S T R I A

T R A N S F O R M C I T Y 2 0 1 3

Vienna

B U I L D I N G S

Room heating &

Air conditioning Industry

1 7 %

Motors Lighting & ICT M a k e - u p o f W a s t e • Reducing waste generation • Increasing re-use • Treatment and landfilling of waste within the city boundaries • Increasing the material recycling rate • Increasing the efficiency of waste incineration

Vienna’s  waste  goals:

M a n a g e m e n t o f W a s t e

0 500

T R A N S F O R M C I T Y 2 0 1 3

M i n M a x 0 0,25 0,5 0,75 1 1970 1990 2013 2025 2050 M illi o ns +8% +4% +13% -20% 2% 4% 5% 5% 6% 7% 9% 11% 15% Agriculture Tourism Education Creative industries Public Sector Light & Heavy Industry Health Finance & insurance Business services

City, Country

Value

Value

Value

Population

:

Area km

2

_:

GDP €bn:

Main copy

•

Arial font

•

10-14 pt

•

Left justified

G R A P H I C S

m e t r i c t o n n e s o f C O2 e q u i v a l e n t T o t a l c i t y - w i d e e m i s s i o n s

[ V A L U E ]

H o u s i n g s t o c k

b u i l t p r i o r t o

[VALUE]

t h o u s a n d

•

Dividing line

•

2.5pt

•

R127 G127 B127

T E X T

•

Headline text

•

14 pt, Arial capitals

[ C I T Y ] a i m s t o r e d u c e o v e r a l l G H G e m i s s i o n s b y

[ T A R G E T ] %

B y [ T A R G E T Y E A R ]

( b a s e d o n a [ Y E A R ] b a s e l i n e )

P O W E R S

G H G R E D U C T I O N T A R G E T

T R A N S F O R M C I T Y 2 0 1 3

C O U N T R Y

C I T Y

[ V A L U E ] k m

o f c y c l e l a n e s

[ V a l u e ] %

a r e s e g r e g a t e d

I n t e r m o d a l

t i c k e t i n g s y s t e m

•

3 pt white

border

D O U G H N U T D I A G R A M S

C o m b i n e d

Rainwater and

wastewater system

0,0 0,1 0,1 0,2 0,2 0,3 0,3

Electricity Heat from district heating Residential Commercial

A v e r a g e f u e l

p r i c e s

( € / k W h )

F U E L P R I C E D I A G R A M S

City

•

Graphic created using Adobe illustrator

•

Responses were averages across each sector

(i.e.  average  of  responses  for  ‘city  roads’,  buses’  

and  ‘rail’  gives  a  score  for  ‘transport’)

•

Each sector has four types of influence:

•

set vision;

•

own/operate asset or function;

•

set/enforce policy/regulation; and

•

budgetary control.

0 0,5 1 1,5 2 2,5 Private motorized… Buses Rail/ Metro/…

B i l l i o n s o f p a s s e n g e r k m

t r a v e l l e d p e r y e a r

Biomass, 164 GWh Wind, 82 GWh Hydro, 500 GWh Solar, 12 GWh Other, 86 GWh Re-use, recycling & composting 35% Waste to energy 65% Supplying 5% of electricity demand