Welcome!
Make it a great day…to be a …
Agenda
•Quick
Questions and Review
•Units 5 and 6 Test
•The Chinese Model
•Japan and the Council
•Japan: “Style”
and Zen
•Trial of the Mongols
•Japanese Bushido
•Southernization
China: Sui Dynasty, 581-618
• Land redistribution to the poor
• Coinage and military
• Construction of Grand Canal
What technologies are What technologies are
these?
these?
Chinese Chinese
Technology/Consequences Technology/Consequences
• Grand Canal Grand Canal
• Spinning Wheel Spinning Wheel
• Coal and iron Coal and iron production
production
• The Great Wall The Great Wall
• Junks (rudders) Junks (rudders)
• Compass Compass
• Lateen Lateen
sails(triangular) sails(triangular)
• Porcelain Porcelain
• Mechanical Mechanical Clock
Clock
• Abacus Abacus
• Moveable Type Moveable Type
• Paper money Paper money
• Smallpox Smallpox inoculation inoculation
• Gunpowder Gunpowder
Tang Tang
620-907 620-907
•
Tang rulers revive
Confucian civil service
examination
system, but only rich can afford school
•
Silk Roads
restarted, with Tea and
Buddhism
Buddhism in China
• Initial popularity
• Support of Tang
• Effects on social conditions
• Monks and nuns
• Women (particularly Wu Zhao)
• Backlash
• Tax-free lands
• Women and power
• Family breakdown
The Song The Song 960-1279 960-1279
•
Population
doubles to 100 million due to Champa rice
•
Neoconfucianis m influences:
footbinding
Chinese Buddhism DBQ, pp.
Chinese Buddhism DBQ, pp.
6-9 6-9
For each document… For each document…
Main idea in document? Main idea in document?
Why would Why would this person this person say say these ideas
these ideas to to this audience this audience at this time at ? ?
What answer to the question What answer to the question does this document suggest?
does this document suggest?
Goals Goals
Know what Japan did and did Know what Japan did and did not accept from the Chinese not accept from the Chinese
before 1300 before 1300
Understand how Zen came to Understand how Zen came to
exist and what its basic ideas
exist and what its basic ideas
are are
The Chinese Model: What Should Japan Do?
Meeting of the Great Council (p. 10)
Meeting of the Council : What Should Japan Do?
Pick one of the options below and spend a few minutes gathering specific evidence about what you like or dislike and thinking about
whether Chinese influence can be controlled in any way except isolation
Option One: China is better than us in both technology
and belief systems. We should imitate them.
Option Two: Chinese
technology should be learned, but we should prevent the
spread of their beliefs to our people.
Option Three: We probably cannot learn their technology
without being influenced by their beliefs, so let’s take it slow!
Option Four: China is a disaster.
Learning from them is not worth any risk at all! We’ll invent our own things, but we need to keep them away!
The Chinese Model, The Chinese Model,
continued continued
• Writing Systems Writing Systems
• Cooking Style Cooking Style
• Tea Tea
• Gardening Gardening
• Gov’t forms failed Gov’t forms failed
– Bureaucracy Bureaucracy
– Civil-service exams Civil-service exams
Tale of Genji
Tale of Genji : Values of : Values of the Heian (p. 12)
the Heian (p. 12)
• Clarify: Clarify:
what were what were
the values…
the values…
• Infer: what Infer: what were the
were the effects…
effects…
Trial of the Khans Trial of the Khans
You will put the Mongol Khans on trial. The You will put the Mongol Khans on trial. The charge is “The Mongol leaders were unusually charge is “The Mongol leaders were unusually
cruel and barbaric in their conquests and rule.
cruel and barbaric in their conquests and rule.
They were far more destructive than other They were far more destructive than other
peoples up to their time.”
peoples up to their time.”
Prepare for the trial. There will be 6 separate Prepare for the trial. There will be 6 separate trials.
trials.
Roles Roles
Apologists: 1-2 in each trial Apologists: 1-2 in each trial
Prosecutors: 1-2 in each trial Prosecutors: 1-2 in each trial
Judges: 1 for each trial Judges: 1 for each trial
The Mongol Onslaught The Mongol Onslaught
Before we judge the Mongols, we need to Before we judge the Mongols, we need to get background on them.
get background on them.
The film you will see gives you an The film you will see gives you an
important overview. Answer the questions important overview. Answer the questions
on pp. 13-14
on pp. 13-14
Trial of the Khans Trial of the Khans
You will put the Mongol Khans on trial. The You will put the Mongol Khans on trial. The charge is “The Mongol leaders were unusually charge is “The Mongol leaders were unusually
cruel and barbaric in their conquests and rule.
cruel and barbaric in their conquests and rule.
They were far more destructive than other They were far more destructive than other
peoples up to their time.”
peoples up to their time.”
Prepare for the trial. There will be 6 separate Prepare for the trial. There will be 6 separate trials.
trials.
Roles Roles
Apologists: 1-2 in each trial Apologists: 1-2 in each trial
Prosecutors: 1-2 in each trial Prosecutors: 1-2 in each trial
Judges: 1 for each trial Judges: 1 for each trial
Preparation: separate paper Preparation: separate paper
Apologists and Prosecutors: Look Apologists and Prosecutors: Look over evidence and list events and over evidence and list events and
reasons for your position reasons for your position
Judges: Look over evidence and list Judges: Look over evidence and list questions you wish to ask both sides questions you wish to ask both sides
before making your decision.
before making your decision.
Evidence: film notes, unit packet Evidence: film notes, unit packet (pp. 15-27) and sourcebook
(pp. 15-27) and sourcebook
The Trial The Trial
“ “ The Mongol leaders were unusually The Mongol leaders were unusually cruel in their conquests and rule.
cruel in their conquests and rule.
They were far more destructive than They were far more destructive than
other peoples up to their time.”
other peoples up to their time.”
Prosecutors make their arguments. Prosecutors make their arguments.
Apologists make their arguments. Apologists make their arguments.
Judges ask their questions and allow the Judges ask their questions and allow the others to respond.
others to respond.
Judges decide what they think and why. Judges decide what they think and why.
Mongols versus the Mongols versus the
Turks Turks
In 1250s, Mongols turn their attention to Persia
The Golden Horde The Golden Horde
In west, Mongols take Kiev and threaten Vienna and Venice By end of 1300s, only place
where Mongols retain control is in Russia, where the Golden
Horde rule.
Batu Khan in Eastern Batu Khan in Eastern
Europe
Europe
The Pax Mongolica The Pax Mongolica
The Mongol Peace
•Peaceful period from mid-1200s to mid- 1300s called Pax Mongolica
•Much east-west trade, exchange of ideas during this period
Bubonic Plague
Bubonic Plague
Mongol Collapse, 1300s
• Disputes over Khan position led to the empire breaking into four pieces.
• Bubonic plague outbreak led to collapse of authority in China and Central Asia.
• Nomadic Turks in Central Asia and Islamic
regions were able to fight the Mongols with
same strategies and weapons.
The Mongols
The Mongols
Japan Japan
Mongol Failure to Conquer Japan
•In 1274 and 1281, Kublai tries but fails to conquer Japan
•Samurai fight on the beaches…
•Massive second invasion destroyed by typhoon (kamikaze)
Early Japanese Traditions Early Japanese Traditions
• Shinto: Shinto:
emperor emperor
descended from descended from
sun goddess, sun goddess,
nature spirits nature spirits
known as kami known as kami
• Individual lords Individual lords operated on
operated on their own.
their own.
Zen Koans: What is the Zen Koans: What is the
meaning?
meaning?
Put the answers on the separate sheet…
Put the answers on the separate sheet…
1. 1. Two monks travelling to Hoatzan… Two monks travelling to Hoatzan…
2. 2. A monk says “I have forgotten…” A monk says “I have forgotten…”
3. 3. A monk says “Master, I am A monk says “Master, I am constantly worrying…”
constantly worrying…”
Osaka Castle
Osaka Castle
Main Gate of
Hiroshima Castle Main Gate of
Hiroshima Castle
Knight’s Armor
Knight’s Armor Samurai Samurai Armor Armor
vs.vs.
Medieval Warriors
Medieval Warriors
European knight
European knight Samurai Samurai Warrior Warrior
vs. vs.
Medieval Warriors
Medieval Warriors
Do You Have
what it
takes?
Full Samurai Attire Full Samurai Attire Full Samurai Attire Full Samurai Attire
Are you
physically
fit? Are you willing to do whatever it takes to be in top
physical
condition?
Samurai Charging Samurai Charging Samurai Charging Samurai Charging
Can you be quiet? For how long?
Can you restrain yourself when
provoked?
Are there any things which,
when said, would
make you lose
control?
Early Mounted Early Mounted Samurai Warriors Samurai Warriors Early Mounted Early Mounted Samurai Warriors
Samurai Warriors Are honor
and self- respect the most important things in life to
you?
Japanese Japanese Feudalism Feudalism
• Bushido: The Way of Bushido: The Way of the Warrior
the Warrior
– Honor, loyalty, Honor, loyalty, respect,
respect,
compassion, bravery compassion, bravery – Men and women Men and women
trained to fight trained to fight
(judo, karate) (judo, karate) – Seppuku (“hari Seppuku (“hari
kiri”) kiri”)
Seppuku:
Seppuku:
Ritual Suicide Ritual Suicide Seppuku: Seppuku:
Ritual Suicide Ritual Suicide
Kaishaku – his
“seconds”
Kaishaku – his
“seconds”
It is honorable to die in this way.
It is honorable to
die in this way.
Bakufu Feudalism Bakufu Feudalism Bakufu Feudalism Bakufu Feudalism
A political, economic, and social
system based on loyalty, the holding of land, and military service.
Japan: Japan:
A political, economic, and social
system based on loyalty, the holding of land, and military service.
Japan: Japan:
Shogun
Daimyo Daimyo
Samurai Samurai Samurai
Peasant Peasant Peasant Peasant
Land - Shoen Land - Shoen
Protection
Loyalty
Loyalty
Food
Feuda Feuda
l l
Societ Societ
y y
Feuda Feuda
l l
Societ Societ
y y
The emperor The emperor reigned, but reigned, but did not always did not always
rule!
rule!
Japanese Japanese Feudalism Feudalism
• Emperor Emperor
• Shogun Shogun
• Daimyo Daimyo
• Samurai Samurai
• Ronin Ronin
• Peasant Peasant
• Ninja Ninja
Southernization Southernization
Answer Answer
questions in questions in
unit packet on unit packet on
pp.30-31, but pp.30-31, but
write these on write these on
the separate the separate
sheet of paper sheet of paper
you used for the you used for the
Mongol Trial
Mongol Trial
Southernization
• Step One: read your assigned pages and answer the relevant questions on p. 30-31 of the unit packet
– A and B (514-519), C and D (519-523), E and F (523-527)
• Step Two: discuss answers as a group and complete the questions to the best of your ability
• Step Three: assign ghost and host responsibilities: A and B must “cover” people 1-6, C and D must “cover”
12-15, E and F must cover 7-10
•Hosts: Who your person is and
answers to your assigned
“Southernization:
Main Ideas”
Questions
•Ghosts: Answer the discussion questions!
