How To Develop An Android App On An Android Device

Lesson 2

Android Development Tools =

Eclipse + ADT + SDK

VictorMatos ClevelandStateUniversity

PortionsofthispagearereproducedfromworkcreatedandsharedbyGoogleandusedaccordingtoterms describedintheCreativeCommons3.0AttributionLicense.

2.

DevelopmentEnvironment=Eclipse+ADT+SDK

• AndroidapplicationsareusuallycreatedusingtheJava programminglanguage[1]

• YourJavaprojectmustimportvariousAndroidLibraries(suchasandroid.jar, maps.jar,etc)togainthefunctionalityneededtoworkinsidetheAndroidOS. • EventhesimplestofAndroidappsiscomposedofseveralelementssuchas:

userͲdefinedclasses,androidjars,thirdͲpartylibraries,XMLfilesdefiningtheUIs orviews,multimediaresources,dataassetssuchasdiskfiles,externalarraysand strings,databases,andfinallyaManifest summarizingthe‘anatomy’and permissionsrequestedbytheapp.

• The package(s) holding the raw app components are given to the compiler toThepackage(s)holdingtherawappcomponentsaregiventothecompilerto obtainasinglesignedanddeployableAndroidPackage(an.apk file).

2.

DevelopmentEnvironment=Eclipse+ADT+SDK

• Creating,organizingandmanagingthecomponentsofanAndroidappis betterdoneusinga‘friendly’workbench. • TheAndroiddeveloper’sworkbenchtypicallyincludesthefollowingtools: 1 E li IDE 1. EclipseIDE 2. AndroidDevelopmentTools(ADT),and 3. AndroidSystemDevelopmentKit(SDK) • EclipseIDEallowsyoutocreateanddebugyourJavacode,andmanagethe variousresourcesthatnormallyareusedinthemakingofanAndroidapp. • TheADTplugin extendsEclipsesoyoucaneasilyreachthetoolsoftheSDK

2.

DevelopmentEnvironment=Eclipse+ADT+SDK

TypicalLayoutoftheEclipseIDEforAndroidDevelopment

(details…) Theseicons

areaddedto Eclipsebythe ADT plugin OpensAndroidSDKmanager O d id i l i ADTplugin 5 5 OpensDDMSPerspective Dalvik DebuggingMonitoringSystem

Opens_{AndroidAVD VirtualDevice} Manager

Wizard createsanewAndroidProject

Note:TheDDMS andHierarchyViewcanbemanuallyaddedbytheusertoEclipse’stoolbar

2.

DevelopmentEnvironment=Eclipse+ADT+SDK

SETUP

Prepare

yourcomputer– InstallSDK:Windows,Mac,Linux

2.

DevelopmentEnvironment=Eclipse+ADT+SDK

Aside

Note:

SDKsarenamedafteradessert item.Availableversionsatthetimeofwriting are: 1.5Cupcake, 1.6Donut, 2.1Eclair, 2.2Froyo, 2.3Gingerbread[1]_, 3.xHoneycomb, 4.xIceCreamSandwich 7 7 [1]ByMarch2012Gingerbreadaccountedforapproximately66%oftheAndroidmarketshare. Seepage:http://www.appbrain.com/stats/topͲandroidͲsdkͲversions

2.

DevelopmentEnvironment=Eclipse+ADT+SDK

SETUP

(a) UsersWantingtoUpdateanOlderAndroidWorkbench

2.

DevelopmentEnvironment=Eclipse+ADT+SDK

SETUP

(b)FirstTimeUsers(Windows,Mac,Linux)

1. InstalltheappropriateSDKstarterpackagefromthepage

http://developer.android.com/sdk/index.htmlp // p / /

2. InstalltheADTPlugin forEclipse

1. StartEclipse,thenselectHelp >InstallNewSoftware.... 2. ClickAdd button(topͲrightcorner)

3. InthenextdialogͲboxenter"ADTPlugin"fortheName andthefollowing URLfortheLocation:https://dlͲssl.google.com/android/eclipse/ 4. ClickOK

5 Select the checkbox next toDeveloper Toolsand click Next > Next

9 5. SelectthecheckboxnexttoDeveloperToolsandclickNext > Next

6. Acceptthelicenseagreements,thenclickFinish. 7. AftertheinstallationendyouneedtorestartEclipse. 3. AddAndroidplatformsandothercomponentstoyourSDK(seeprevious option(a)) 9

2.

DevelopmentEnvironment=Eclipse+ADT+SDK

ConfiguringtheADTPlugin ThenextstepistomodifyyourADTpreferencesinEclipsetopointtothe A d id SDK di t AndroidSDKdirectory:

1. Select Window > Preferences... toopenthePreferencespanel (MacOSX: Eclipse > Preferences).

1. Select Android fromtheleftpanel.

2. Tosetthe boxSDKLocationthatappearsinthemainpanel, click Browse... andlocateyourdownloadedSDKdirectory(usually

c:/Program/ g Files(x86)/Android/androidͲsdk( )/ / )) 3. Click Apply,then OK.

2.

DevelopmentEnvironment=Eclipse+ADT+SDK

CreatinganAndroidVirtualDevice(AVD) Youshouldtestyourapplicationsonarealphone(ortablet). However,theSDKallowsyoutocreaterealisticvirtualdevicesonwhichyour li ti ld b t t d applicationscouldbetested. 1. Tocreateanemulator,clickontheAVDManager 2. Click New.The CreateNewAVD dialogappears. 3. TypethenameoftheAVD,suchas“NexusͲS" 4. Chooseatarget(suchas“GoogleAPIs…APILevel8”). 5. Indicatehowmuchmemorythesimulatorwilluse. 6 Tick option box “Snapshot” to load faster

11 6. Tickoptionbox“Snapshot”toloadfaster.

7. Indicatescreensize(HVGAissufficientingeneral) 8. Optionallyspecifyanyadditionalhardwarecomponents

(suchasSDͲcard,camer,accelerometer,GPS,…) 9. Click CreateAVD.

2.

DevelopmentEnvironment=Eclipse+ADT+SDK

TestingtheEmulator ClickontheAVDManager.Chooseanemulator,clickStart. 13 13

Android

SetupTutorial

Afteryoucompleteyoursetuplookforthefollowingtwosubdirectoriesin yourfilesystem

C:\Program Files (x86)\Android\android-sdk

Appendix.

CreatinganAndroidProject

(madeforSDK2.2Ͳ Froyo) Anunabridgedversionof“HelloWorld”

Testing

SetupͲ Example:HelloWorld

15

Testing

SetupͲ Example:HelloWorld

Creating

anAndroidProject

Tocreateanewproject: 1. StartEclipse

2. SelectFile >New >AndroidProject a

ll l 3. EnterProjectname:01ͲHelloͲWorld 4. ClickNext 5. OnSelectBuildTargetchooserow GoogleAPIsGoogleInc.2.28 6. ClickNext 7. OntheApplicationInfoformenter Pacakage Name:csu.matos

CheckboxCreateActivity Activity name: HelloActivity

OBSERVATION:CreatinganAndroidProjectusingEclipse

TheNewAndroidProjectWizardcreatesthefollowingfoldersandfilesinyournew projectspace:

Testing

SetupͲ Example:HelloWorld

• src/IncludesyourskeletonActivityJavafile.AllotherJavafilesforyour applicationgohere.

• <AndroidVersion>/(e.g.,Android2.2/)Includestheandroid.jarfilethatyour applicationwillbuildagainst.

• gen/ThiscontainstheJavafilesgeneratedbyADT,suchasyourR.javafile • assets/Thisisempty.Youcanuseittostorerawassetfiles.

• res/Thisfolderholdsapplicationresourcessuchasdrawable files,layout files, string al es et

17 string values,etc.

• bin/Thebytecode (.apk)versionofyourappisstoredhere • AndroidManifest.xmlTheAndroidManifestforyourproject.

• default.propertiesThisfilecontainsprojectsettings,suchasthebuildtarget.

Creating

anAndroid

Project

Testing

Setup–

Example:

HelloWorld

Project



Thefollowingfoldersandfiles arecreatedforthe 01ͲHelloͲWorldproject. Totesttheapplication,position thecursoronthecodepanel, andthenclickonthe

Volume StatusBar– NotificationLine Camera NumericID:5554 Hangup Home Call Power Search 19 19 Back Menu Tab Launch Pad

Android

Emulator

Keyboard OSfunction Escape Backbutton Home Homebutton F2,PageUp Menu(SoftͲLeft)button ShiftͲF2,PageDown Start(SoftͲRight)button F3 Call/Dial button ControllingtheAndroidEmulator through(yourcomputer’s) keyboardkeys

Keypad keys only work when

F3 Call/Dialbutton F4 Hangup/EndCallbutton F5 Searchbutton F7 Powerbutton CtrlͲF3,CtrlͲKEYPAD_5 Camerabutton CtrlͲF5,KEYPAD_PLUS Volumeupbutton CtrlͲF6,KEYPAD_MINUS Volumedownbutton KEYPAD_5 DPadcenter KEYPAD_4 DPadleft KEYPAD_6 DPadright KEYPAD_8 DPad up KEYPAD 2 DP d d Keypadkeysonlyworkwhen NumLockisdeactivated. KEYPAD_2 DPaddown F8 togglecellnetworkon/off

F9 togglecodeprofiling(when Ͳtrace optionset) AltͲENTER toggleFullScreenmode