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By

Gardiner Harris

updated 10/2/2011 12:58:21 PM ET

NASHVILLE — With pain in her right ear, Sue Cassidy went to a clinic. The doctor, wearing a white lab coat with a stethoscope in one pocket, introduced herself.

“Hi. I’m Dr. Patti McCarver, and I’m your nurse,” she said. And with that, Dr. McCarver stuck a scope in Ms. Cassidy’s ear, noticed a buildup of fluid and prescribed an allergy medicine.

It was something that will become increasingly routine for patients: a someone who is not a physician using the title of doctor.

Dr. McCarver calls herself a doctor because she returned to school to earn a doctorate last year, recently. Doctorates are popping up all over the health professions, and the result is a quiet batt money, power and prestige that often comes with it.

As more nurses, pharmacists and physical therapists claim this honorific, physicians are fightin them land a top administrative job at a hospital, improve their standing at a university and win But so far, the new degrees have not brought higher fees from insurers for seeing patients or gre Nursing leaders say that their push to have more nurses earn doctorates has nothing to do with give nurses more autonomy, money and prescriptive power.

But many physicians are suspicious and say that once tens of thousands of nurses have doctorat authority and more money. Otherwise, they ask, what is the point?

Dr. Roland Goertz, the board chairman of the American Academy of Family Physicians, says tha “doctor,” a word that has defined their profession for centuries, will be followed by the loss of co patients could be confused about the roles of various health professionals who all call themselve

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“There is real concern that the use of the word ‘doctor’ will not be clear to patients,” he said. So physicians and their allies are pushing legislative efforts to restrict who gets to use the title of the New York State Senate would bar nurses from advertising themselves as doctors, no matter proposed in Congress would bar people from misrepresenting their education or license to pract effect in Arizona, Delaware and other states forbid nurses, pharmacists and others to use the titl immediately identify their profession.

The deeper battle is over who gets to treat patients first. Pharmacists, physical therapists and nu secondary roles to physicians, since patients tend to go to them only after a prescription, a refer physician. By requiring doctorates of new entrants, leaders of the pharmacy and physical therap members will be able to treat patients directly and thereby get a larger share of money spent on As demand for health care services has grown, physicians have stopped serving as the sole gatek entry into the system. So physicians must increasingly share their patients — not only with one a other professions. Teamwork is the new mantra of medicine, and nurse practitioners and physic physician extenders) have become increasingly important care providers, particularly in rural ar But while all physician organizations support the idea of teamwork, not all physicians are willin traditional understanding that they should be the ones to lead the team. Their training is so exte that they alone should diagnose illnesses. Nurses respond that they are perfectly capable of reco patient problems, and they have the studies to prove it. The battle over the title “doctor” is in ma larger struggle.

For patients, the struggle has brought an increasing array of professionals trained to deal with th woes, but also at times confusion over who is responsible for their care and what sort of training Six to eight years of collegiate and graduate education generally earn pharmacists, physical ther to call themselves “doctors,” compared with nearly twice that many years of training for most ph bachelor’s degree was all that was required to become a pharmacist. That changed in 2004 when bachelor’s degree as the minimum needed to practice. Physical therapists once needed only bach the profession will require doctorates of all students by 2015 — the same year that nursing leade becoming nurse practitioners.

Dr. Kathleen Potempa, dean of the University of Michigan School of Nursing and the president said that the profession’s new doctoral degree, called the doctor of nursing practice, was simply and the doctor of nursing practice degree evolved out of a grass-roots recognition that we need t

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Last year, 153 nursing schools gave doctor of nursing practice degrees to 7,037 nurses, compare nurses in 2004, when the association of nursing schools voted to embrace the new degree. In 20 degrees and 28,369 with doctorates, according to a recent government survey.

Dr. Potempa said that nurses with master’s degrees were every bit as capable of treating patient Nursing is filled with multiple specialties requiring varying levels of education, from a high scho master’s degree for nurse practitioners. Those wishing to become nurse anesthetists will soon be are presently no practical or clinical differences between nurses who earn master’s degrees and Nurse practitioners must generally graduate from college and take an additional 12 to 16 month patients for both mild and serious illnesses in clinics and hospitals under the watchful eyes of in take a further four semesters or 12 to 16 months of additional classes.

While instruction at each school varies, Dr. McCarver took classes in statistics, epidemiology an nursing practice degree. These additional classes, at Vanderbilt University, did not delve into ho McCarver the scientific and economic underpinnings of the care she was already providing and Studies have shown that nurses with master’s level training offer care in many primary care sett care given by physicians, who generally have far more extensive training. And patients often exp nurses, studies show. Physicians say they are better at recognizing rare problems, something stu The benefits to patients of nurses receiving doctorates is unclear, since there is no evidence that than those with master’s degrees do.

Given the proven effectiveness of nurses with master’s degrees, even some nursing leaders have doctorates.

“If it ain’t broke, why fix it?” asked Dr. Afaf I. Meleis, dean of the University of Pennsylvania Sch Some health care economists say the push for clinical doctorates across health professions could students to spend more time and money getting trained will invariably result in longer waits and students will meet the increased requirements and those who do will eventually demand higher “Everyone’s talking about improving patients’ access to care, bending the cost curve and creatin professor of surgery and family medicine at the University of North Carolina School of Medicine in pharmacy, physical therapy and nursing achieves any of these?”

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those with master’s degrees since insurers pay the same rates to both. Physician groups fear tha of nursing practice degree is to persuade more state legislatures to grant nurses the right to trea Twenty-three states allow nurses to practice without a physician’s supervision or collaboration, New England, areas that have trouble attracting enough physicians. Nursing groups have lobbie just another step toward independent practice,” said Louis J. Goodman, chief executive of the T Not true, Dr. Potempa said — the new degree simply ensures that nurses stay competent. “It’s n degree as a way to compete with another profession,” she said. “Nurses are very proud of the fac be doctors, they would have gone to medical school.”

This story, "When the Nurse Wants to be Called 'Doctor,'" originally appeared in The New Yor Copyright © 2011 The New York Times

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