0 16-August/11
No. Date Description By Chk'd App'd App'd Information and know-how hereon are confidential and proprietary property of Abener Teyma Hugoton General Partnership and may not be used, reproduced, or revealed to others except in accordance with the terms of a contract with or other written permission of Abener.
EC-94 (Rev. 05/2011) C:\DOCUME~1\cgjvl\CONFIG~1\Temp\notes29331C\Piping Specification CS-P-400510..doc 1. Initialing (By/Chk’d/App’d) required on cover sheet only. All other title block information must be
included on all pages.
2. Revisions are identified in the body of the Specification.
Description of Rev.
No. Date By Chk’d App’d
Revision Including Page Numbers 0 16-Aug/11 DBA JVL GMC For Bidding
To apply to piping specs where either SO or WN flanges can be chosen:
. Slip-on flanges to ASME B16.5 shall be limited in application to no higher than Class 300 primary pressure service rating.
. Slip-on flanges shall not exceed NPS 4.
. NDT shall fulfil CODE´s (ASME B31.3 for process, B31.1 for power plant piping) and particular Project´s scope requirements, scope and extent, whichever is more stringent, considering that inside slip-on flange welds are not accesible to RT it shall be replaced by visual, magnetic or liquids, whenever is accepted by CODE and Project´s specs. If not within these conditions flange to use shall be WN.
SPECIFICATION FOR
ABOVE GROUND PIPING, PIPING INSULATION AND EQUIPMENT INSULATION
ABBK PROJECT HUGOTON, KANSAS
Rev. Date Description Pages Originated Checked Reviewed Approved A 08/31/09 ISSUED FOR INFORMATION ALL JSS TDF DCG DCG B 01/14/10 ANNEX 1 ABBK TECHNICAL SOW ALL JSS DO DCG DCG C 07/23/10 ISSUED FOR INFORMATION HIGH PRESSURE STEAM AND BOILER FEED
WATER SPECIFICATIONS
- JSS HS DCG DCG
D 08/31/10 ISSUED FOR BASIC ENGINEERING ALL JSS HS DO DCG E 02/25/11 ISSUED FOR DESIGN 25 MGPY EH PLANT ALL JSS HS DO DCG F 04/08/11 ISSUED FOR DESIGN 25 MGPY EH PLANT ALL JSS HS DO DCG G 05/26/11 ISSUED FOR DESIGN 25 MGPY EH PLANT ALL JSS HS DO DCG
SECTION TITLE
1.0 GENERAL PIPING SPECIFICATIONS 2.01 PIPING SERVICE INDEX
2.02 PIPING GROUP SPECIFICATION INDEX 2.02-XXXX PIPING GROUP SPECIFICATIONS
2.03 BRANCH CONNECTION TABLE INDEX
2.03-XX BRANCH CONNECTION TABLES 2.04 VALVE SPECIFICATIONS INDEX
2.04-XX VALVE SPECIFICATIONS
2.05 GASKET GROUP SPECIFICATIONS
2.06 GENERAL PIPING INSULATION SPECIFICATIONS
2.06-2.1 PIPING INSULATION GROUP SPECIFICATION - FIBERGLASS
2.06-2.2 PIPING INSULATION GROUP SPECIFICATION – CALCIUM SILICATE 2.06-2.3 PIPING INSULATION GROUP SPECIFICATION – MINERAL FIBER 2.06-2.4 PIPING INSULATION GROUP SPECIFICATION – ELASTOMERIC FOAM 2.06-2.5 PIPING INSULATION GROUP SPECIFICATION - STYROFOAM
2.06-2.6 PIPING INSULATION GROUP SPECIFICATION – CELLULAR FOAM 2.06-2.7 PIPING INSULATION GROUP SPECIFICATION – REMOVABLE / USABLE 2.07 PIPE INSULATION FINISH SPECIFICATIONS
2.08 GENERAL PIPING SUPPORT SPECIFICATIONS
1.0 GENERAL 1
2.0 WELDING 2
2.1 Submittal 2
2.2 General Requirements and Qualification of Welding Procedure and
Welders 2
2.3 Welding Processes 2
2.4 Welding Grooves 3
2.5 Backing Rings 3
2.6 Cleaning of Welding 3
2.7 Preheating of Welded Joints 3
2.8 Weld Quality 4 2.9 Identification of Welders 4 2.10 Weld Examination 5 3.0 BRAZING 6 4.0 SOLDERING 7 5.0 PVC/CPVC SOLVENT CEMENTING 7
6.0 HDPE / POLYPROPYLENE / PDVF / HEAT FUSION 9
8.0 BOLTING MATERIALS 10
9.0 SOCKET WELD CONNECTIONS 11
10.0 SCREWED/THREADED CONNECTIONS 11
11.0 BRANCH CONNECTIONS 12
12.0 EXTERNAL PRESSURE DESIGN 13
13.0 PIPE BENDS 13
14.0 LEAK TESTS 13
15.0 IDENTIFICATION, STORAGE, AND HANDLING OF PIPING MATERIAL AND VALVES
15
16.0 VALVE REQUIREMENTS 16
17.0 PIPE SUPPORTS 17
18.0 FLOOR AND WALL SLEEVES 17
19.0 ROOF CONES 17
20.0 ERECTION OF OWNER-PURCHASED EQUIPMENT 18
21.0 CONNECTIONS TO PUMPS, TANKS AND EQUIPMENT 18
22.0 COLD SPRINGING OF MEDIUM AND HIGH TEMPERATURE PIPING 19
23.0 MATERIAL SPECIFICATIONS 19
24.0 INSULATION OF PIPE 21
26.0 FIELD ROUTING 22
27.0 FLUSHING AND CLEANING 23
28.0 FIELD RE-ROUTING TO CLEAR INTERFERENCES 25
29.0 DISINFECTION OF POTABLE WATER AND OTHER SYSTEMS 25
30.0 PIPING TIE-INS 26
31.0 PIPING IDENTIFICATION AND COLOR CODING 27
shall apply to all sections of the work. The design, fabrication and erection of piping shall conform to the applicable codes given for each service in the Piping Service Index, Section 2.01 of this specification, and to all applicable Federal, State and Local laws. The Contractor shall obtain all necessary certification, permits and approvals required by Federal, State and Local laws before fabrication and erection of any piping systems.
1.2. ORIGIN OF MANUFACTURED EQUIPMENT & MATERIALS
1.2.1. All equipment furnished for Abengoa Bioenergy Biofuel of Kansas (ABBK) Project is required to be manufactured by a company or corporation in the USA.
1.2.2. All materials used to fabricate and/or manufacture equipment are required to be of USA origin.
1.2.3. In the event A&B can’t be accomplished for either proprietary, process specific, or other types of equipment or materials, the following order of precedence will apply.
1.2.3.1. Equipment or materials furnished by a company or corporation in the USA noted in all proposals.
1.2.3.2. Equipment or materials furnished by a USA company or corporation with manufacturing facilities in other countries noted in all proposals.
1.2.3.3. In the event items 1 or 2 can’t be accomplished then any vendor proposals submitted for evaluation will require statements defining where the equipment is manufactured and what percentage of the materials will be used from each foreign country.
1.3. When ASME/ANSI B3 1.1 is referenced in this Section and other sections of this specification, it shall govern. It is the intent of this specification to be more conservative in specification requirements when ASME/ANSI B3 1.1 is specifically referenced.
1.4. Several piping services with different design conditions may reference a Piping Group. The actual design conditions of an individual piping system shall be used in determining requirements of design, examination, inspection, testing, etc.
Paragraph 136. The Contractor shall be responsible for assuring compliance with the approved QA/QC program for all fabrication, assembly, erection, examination, inspection and testing.
2.0 WELDING
2.1. Submittal. After the contract is awarded, the Contractor shall submit one (1) copy of his welding procedure to the Owner's Representative for information. The welding process(es) shall be fully described including the number of beads, the volts, the amperes, and the welding rod for various pipe thicknesses and materials. This procedure shall be used for all pipe welder qualification tests, all shop welds, and all field welds.
2.2. General Requirements and Qualification of Welding Procedure and Welders. 2.2.1. All welding on metal piping systems shall be done using qualified welding
procedures and qualified welders and welding operators in accordance with Section IX of the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code.
2.2.2. Joining of plastic piping systems, Smith Fiberglass, Fibercast, Bondstrand, PVC, CPVC, HDPE, PVDF, Polypropylene (PP), etc., shall be done in accordance with manufacturer's recommended procedures. Joining of custom manufactured plastic piping shall be done in accordance with procedures specified in the specific piping group. Joining of custom manufactured plastic pipe shall be done using certified personnel. The Contractor shall use these procedures to certify personnel and in making all joints. Certification of personnel shall be in accordance with part 9 of Chapter VII of ASME/ANSI B31.3.
2.3. Welding Processes.
2.3.1. All welding shall be done by a process that is compatible with the work being welded and the working conditions. Shielded metal-arc welding (SMAW) shall not be used on work less than 3/16 inch thick.
2.3.2. Where a specific welding process is called for in the Piping Group specification, it shall govern.
tungsten-arc welding (GTAW) process with the back side purged. Work thicker than 3/16 inch shall have a root pass by the GTAW process with the back side purged; the balance of the weld may be completed by the SMAW process or any other suitable process. Welding shall be performed in a still atmosphere, free from winds or drafts. The gas cap shall be of proper size and flow to cover the work during movement of the electrodes. After the arc is broken, the gas cap and purging shall be maintained until the weld area drops below its heat tinting temperature.
2.3.4. No straightening of stainless steel or other non-ferritic pipe by localized heating and quenching of welds or pipe shall be allowed.
2.4. Welding Grooves
2.4.1. The ends of metal pipe and fittings to be joined with butt welds shall be beveled to form welding grooves in accordance with ANSI B16.25, except where
otherwise noted in these specifications, or on the drawings.
2.4.2. The ends of steel pipes of unequal wall thicknesses to be joined with butt welds shall be beveled to form welding grooves in accordance with ASME/ANSI B31.1 or B31.3 as applicable.
2.5. Backing Rings.
2.5.1. Backing rings shall not be used. 2.6. Cleaning of Welding:
2.6.1. All slag or flux remaining on the weld bead shall be completely removed before laying down the next successive bead and at the completion of the weld.
2.6.2. The exterior of all carbon steel welded joints shall be wire brushed to remove all weld slag and foreign material.
2.6.3. Stainless steel welds shall be cleaned using stainless steel hand wire brushes (power driven brushes shall not be used on stainless steel). When polishing or blending is required use: carbon free aluminum oxide, "Scotch-Brite" CP-AM cutting and polishing unitized wheel, Type "A" medium grade; or "Scotch-Brite" level-cut unitized wheel, Type 5A-fine, as manufactured by the 3M Company.
with "Derustit SS-3" by the Bradford Derustit Corporation, in accordance with the manufacturer's specifications. Any rust that occurs on stainless steel shop or field welded joints prior to final acceptance of the piping system by the Owner shall be cleaned with "Derustit SS-3" by contractor.
2.7. Preheating of Welded Joints:
2.7.1. Pipe adjacent to joints shall be preheated before and during welding by any suitable method in accordance with the qualified welding procedure and in all cases shall be in accordance with ASME/ANSI B31.1, Paragraph 131 or
ASME/ANSI B31.3, Paragraph 330 as applicable. 2.8. Weld Quality.
2.8.1. All welds shall have full penetration and complete fusion with a minimum of weld metal protruding on the inside of the pipe when examined by the
applicable method of nondestructive testing as identified by the applicable code. If welds are found to be deficient in accordance with the applicable code, the Contractor shall be responsible for all costs associated with the repair of the weld(s).
2.8.2. All welds shall be of sound deposit with a straight line of fusion.
2.8.3. The finished weld contour shall be uniform, with the toe or edge of the weld merging smoothly into the base material. Butt welds shall have a slight
reinforcement built up gradually from the toe or edge toward the center of the weld. The limitation on butt weld reinforcement shall be in accordance with ASME/ANSI B31.1, Table 127.4.2, and shall apply separately to both inside and outside surfaces of this joint. Fillet welds may be slightly concave on the finished surface.
2.8.4. Where filler metal is required a rod whose composition is compatible with and of at least equal corrosion resistance characteristics as the base material shall be used.
using tungsten non-consumable electrodes and 100 percent commercially dry and pure argon gas for internal pipe purging and for electrode shielding. (Except as specified in Piping Specification Class “X-1” and Class “X-2”). Prepare ends of pipe for girth butt welding by using a pipe facing, squaring and deburring tool or by machining, abrasive cutting, grinding, sawing, or any combination of these methods using saw blades, cutting and grinding tools suitable for austenitic stainless steel pipe which have never been used on carbon steel.
2.8.6. Thoroughly clean weld areas and remove all burrs and scale. Remove all foreign substances such as cutting oils, marking crayons, kerosene, material containing sulfur, lead or zinc, metal particles, grinding compounds, etc. Clean only with carbon-free aluminum oxide, “Scotch-Brite” CP-AM cutting and polishing unitized wheel; Type “A”, medium grade as manufactured by the 3M company. 2.8.7. Align work accurately in jigs or fixtures. Keep aligning benches clean at all
times. Do not allow austenitic stainless steel pipe or fittings to come in contact with carbon steel benches, jigs, or fixtures. Place a sheet of stainless steel
between bench, the carbon steel jig or fixtures surfaces that will come in contact with the pipe or fittings; or other method acceptable to the Owner.
2.8.8. Ends to be welded are to be butted together and alignment maintained
throughout welding by either tacking or the use of jigs. Do not penetrate to the interior of the pipe with the tack. The weld will be rejected for tacks that are not made correctly.
2.8.9. All stainless steel pipe and fittings (as well as fabricated piping spools shall be covered when not being used to protect them from coming into contact with ferrous contamination from weld spatter and grinding of ferrous metals.) 2.9. Identification of Welders:
2.9.1. Each welder employed for shop or field welding of pipe joints shall be assigned an identifying number by the Contractor, who shall furnish the Owner's
Representative a list of such welders with their respective numbers along with a copy of the Welders' Qualification Test Reports. This list shall be maintained accurately with deletions and additions reported promptly.
number. For thin wall stainless steel, the identification shall be made using a vibrating pen or permanent marker suitable for stainless steel pipe. The welder identification shall not be more than three (3) inches from the weld.
2.9.3. The Contractor shall maintain clear and organized records which identify the joint with the welder or welding operator.
2.9.3.1. Submittal. The Contractor shall submit all welder identification records to the Owner's Representative.
2.10. Weld Examination. The Owner reserves the right to inspect any or all welding done on all piping and/or equipment within the scope of this specification. Inspection shall include, but not be limited to, testing for penetration, cracks, appearance, and discontinuities. Welds may be radiographed, checked by magnetic particle
examination, liquid penetrant examination, or any other NDE procedure deemed necessary. The degree of examination and the acceptance standards shall be in accordance with the applicable code or as determined by the Owner. Progressive examination procedures, as outlined in paragraph 341.3.4 of ASME/ANSI B31.3, shall be followed regardless of which examination procedure is used.
2.10.1. The Contractor shall maintain records on the jobsite documenting all
examination work. These records shall be available for review by the Owner's Representative. Examination records not available upon request of the Owner's Representative shall be considered as not existing, and all work associated with the missing records shall be removed and replaced by the Contractor at his expense.
2.10.2. For piping systems operating at a maximum temperature below 500ºF, In-Process-Examination in accordance with ASME/ANSI B31.3, Paragraph 344.7, may be substituted for radiographic examination unless otherwise directed by the Owner's Representative. Piping systems maximum operating at 500ºF and above shall receive a minimum 5% radiographic examination.
2.10.3. For welds in piping systems classified as ASME/ANSI B31.3 - "NORMAL FLUID" Service, In-Process-Examination in accordance with ASME/ANSI B31.3, Paragraph 344.7 may be substituted for the random radiographic examination required by ASME/ANSI B31.3, Paragraph 341.4.1 .b.
an oxygen-acetylene torch.
3.2. Brazing Procedures, Specifications, and Qualification records shall be submitted to the Owner's Representative for review prior to start of work. Brazers shall be certified in accordance with Section IX of the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code.
3.3. The joints to be brazed should have a clearance of 0.015 inch to 0.05 inch in order to obtain a strong joint. As a minimum, the joints should have an easy slip-fit so as to ensure an adequate joint.
3.4. The joint surfaces shall be cleaned prior to brazing by wiping the area to be brazed with a degreasing solvent. The area should then be mechanically cleaned using an emery cloth and followed with a solvent wipe. Solvents shall be used in a manner to limit the risk of fire. The cleaned joint shall be handled carefully and brazed
immediately after cleaning to prevent recontamination.
3.5. The area of the joint shall be heated uniformly to the brazing temperature range of the alloy used. Ideally, the brazing temperature should be maintained on the low end of the range so as to allow the brazer to better control the flow of the alloy into the joint and reduce the chances of oxide contamination in the joint.
3.6. A nitrogen purge shall be used while brazing the system. The nitrogen purge prevents the formation of oxide scale on the inside of the joints and also cools the internal surface of the joint. The purge shall be supplied at approximately 15-25 CFH and allowed to flow long enough to displace the air from the joint to be brazed. The system shall be assembled in such a manner that a positive purge can be maintained from the starting point to the end of the system. A 6 inch purge extension with a 1/8 inch purge restrictor hole shall be used when fabricating branch connections. On long runs, a pipe cap with a 1/8 inch purge restrictor hole shall be used. The nitrogen purge shall be maintained in an area until the joint temperature falls below 110 ºF.
3.7. Identification of Brazers. Each brazer employed for shop or field brazing of pipe joints shall be assigned an identifying number by the Contractor, who shall furnish the Owner's Representative with a list of such brazers and their respective numbers along with a copy of the Brazers' Qualification Test Reports. This list shall be
number. The identification shall be made using a vibrating pen or permanent marker suitable for marking pipe. The brazer identification shall not be more than three (3) inches from the joint.
4.0 SOLDERING
4.1. The systems requiring soldering shall be soldered with the solder using an oxygen-acetylene torch; only lead-free solder shall be used.
4.2. The joints to be soldered should have a clearance of 0.015 inch to 0.05 inch in order to obtain a strong joint. As a minimum, the joints should have an easy slip-fit so as to ensure an adequate joint.
4.3. The joint surfaces shall be cleaned prior to soldering by wiping the area with a degreasing solvent. The area should then be mechanically cleaned using an emery cloth or steel wool and followed with a solvent wipe. Solvents shall be used in a manner to limit the risk of fire. The cleaned joint shall be handled carefully and soldered immediately after cleaning to prevent recontamination.
4.4. The joint surfaces shall be pasted with flux and seated together. The joint area shall then be heated to the manufacturer's recommended soldering temperature by using an oxy-acetylene torch. Care should be taken to not overheat the joint which can cause annealing of the copper.
4.5. The craftsmen utilized in the soldering operation shall be experienced in this procedure.
5.0 PVC/CPVC SOLVENT CEMENTING
5.1. The piping installation shall be made in accordance with the manufacturer's instructions and the following procedure.
5.2. All socket-type joints shall be made in accordance with the manufacturer's instructions and solvent-cemented as follows:
5.2.1. Cut the pipe ends square.
5.2.2. All burrs, chips, filings, etc., shall be removed from the inner and outer circumference of the end of the pipe before joining.
5.2.3. All pipe ends shall have the outside circumference beveled with a 150 chamfer, cut to a depth of approximately 3/32".
5.2.5. Clean all connecting surfaces of pipes and fittings with 10% isopropyl alcohol (IPA) and deionized water or with approved pipe cleaning solution.
5.2.6. Apply primer to the joint surfaces in accordance with the manufacturer's recommendations. Primer shall be a different color from the cement and shall extend beyond the finished joint surface on the pipe, for the purpose of visual verification of primer application.
5.2.7. Apply cement, first to the fitting, then to the pipe outside surface and end. Allow at least 1/2 inch extra cement on the pipe beyond the fit-up location of the pipe in the socket.
5.2.8. Join the pipe and the fitting all the way to the shoulder, then twist them 1/4 turn to distribute the cement. Hold the joint together firmly (approximately 30 seconds) until pipe does not move from socket when released.
5.2.9. Allow the cement to cure 5 to 15 minutes before handling.
5.2.10. No pressure shall be applied until the following time has elapsed: 1-1/2 hours x pipe diameter in inches.
5.3. Identification of Fitters. Each fitter employed for shop or field cementing of pipe joints shall be assigned an identifying number by the Contractor, who shall furnish the Owner's Representative with a list of such fitters with their respective numbers. This list shall be maintained accurately with deletions and additions reported
promptly.
5.3.1. Upon completing a joint, each fitter shall identify the joint with his identifying number. The identification shall be made using a permanent marker suitable for PVC/CPVC pipe. The fitter identification shall not be more than three (3) inches from the joint.
5.4. The Contractor shall close all open pipe ends with temporary plastic plugs at all times when work is not being performed on the system.
5.5. Solvent cement, cleaners and primers shall not be more than 6 months old from the date of manufacture.
5.6. The Contractor shall keep solvent cement containers and applicators tightly sealed when not in use. Cement shall not be thinned by adding imprecise quantities of solvent, primer or cleaner to the commercial formulation.
of various pipe sizes made by each fitter for destructive examination of
workmanship with regard to: Void-free solvent cement joints; adequate fusion of back-welded joint; socket voids (incomplete insertion of pipe into socket); excess solvent cement; or other defects. Joints shall be prepared for inspection by
sectioning the joints into axial and circumferential pieces and removing cutting tool marks with 400 grit wet and dry sand paper.
6.0 HDPE/POLYPROPYLENE/PDVF HEAT FUSION
6.1. The requirements, temperature, times, and pressures of fusion for heat fusion joints in high-density polyethylene (HDPE), polypropylene (PP) or polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) piping systems shall be in accordance with the individual Piping Groups and in accordance with the selected manufacturer's recommendation.
7.0 FLANGED CONNECTIONS
7.1. The Contractor shall use flanges only for equipment nozzle flange connections, valve flange connections, locations shown on the drawings, and lines specified herein. All slip-on flanges shall be welded front and back. Welding neck flanges shall be bored to match the attached pipe. No flanges or other fittings
manufactured in China will be accepted.
7.2. Bolting and gasket materials shall be in accordance with the requirements of the applicable pipe and gasket specification groups, included herein, and shall be furnished by the Contractor unless otherwise specified or noted.
7.3. Bolt threads shall be lubricated with "NeverSeez" or approved equal. Only paste-type thread lubricant shall be acceptable.
7.4. All bolts shall be tightened with suitable wrenches only. Hammering or bumping shall not be permitted. In tightening bolted joints, care shall be taken to secure uniform pressure on the gaskets and to avoid overstressing bolts or dishing the flanges. Extreme care shall be exercised in making up joints between Van Stone flanges, fiberglass flanges, cast iron body valves and lined pipe flanges.
projection shall be between flush with and 1/2 inch projection beyond the end of the nut. All bolts on any one flange shall be of the same length.
7.7. Submittal. Prior to starting any piping erection, the Contractor shall submit a written procedure for making up flanged connections to the Owner's Representative for approval. Consideration shall be given to the gasket seating requirements, bolting materials used, flange material, flange facing, design conditions, testing conditions and service/fluid.
7.8. Bolt Torques.
7.8.1. All flange connections for fiberglass, plastic, or plastic lined piping systems shall be tightened with a torque wrench in accordance with the manufacturer's recommended bolt torque values and procedures unless otherwise directed by the Owner's Representative
7.8.2. All flange connections using spiral-wound type gaskets shall be tightened with a torque wrench in accordance with the manufacturer's recommended bolt
torque values and procedures unless otherwise directed by the Owner's Representative. Bolting materials shall be continuous threaded alloy studs in accordance with Paragraph 8.0.
7.8.3. All other flange connections shall be tightened in accordance with a written procedure approved by the Owner's Representative.
8.0 BOLTING MATERIALS
8.1. All bolt studs (studs), bolts and accompanying nuts shall be threaded in accordance with ANSI B1.1, Class 2A for external threads and Class 2B for internal threads. Threads shall be the coarse-thread series except that bolting 1-1/8 inch and Larger in diameter shall be the 8-thread series.
8.2. NOTE: CAREFUL CONSIDERATION MUST BE GIVEN IN MATCHING BOLTING MATERIAL WITH TAPPED HOLES IN VALVES OR EQUIPMENT SINCE
the Contractor shall verify with the Owner's Representative concerning the use of higher alloy bolting materials and protective coating requirements for bolting in corrosive and/or wet areas.
8.3.1. Submittal. In order to assist with the value engineering and selection of bolting materials for the project, the Contractor shall submit to the Owner's
Representative itemized prices for alternate bolting material grades and/or protective coating using expected project quantities.
8.4. The use of "All-Thread" rod for bolting material shall not be acceptable.
8.5. Electroplated zinc bolting material shall be in accordance with ASTM B633, SC2, Type I.
8.6. Electroplated zinc bolting materials shall not be used at design temperatures greater than 400ºF.
9.0 SOCKET WELD CONNECTIONS
9.1. Where socket weld valves or fittings are used, the pipe shall be fit up with a minimum of 1/16 inch clearance between the end of the pipe and the bottom of the socket so that no stresses will be imparted to the weld due to "bottoming" of the pipe in the socket from welding.
10.0 SCREWED/THREADED CONNECTIONS
10.1. Pipe threads shall be clean cut with no burrs or stripping, and shall be in accordance with ASME/ANSI B 1.20.1. Dies shall be new, sharp and properly designed for the pipe being threaded. Immediately before erecting the piping, all threads on pipe and on fittings shall be thoroughly cleaned of cuttings, dirt, oil, or other foreign matter. The entire surface of the male threads shall be liberally coated with pipe joint compound as specified herein and the piping made up sufficiently for the threads to seal.
10.1.1. If it is necessary to back off a joint after it has been made up with joint compound, the threads shall be cleaned and new joint compound applied before making the joint.
pipe nipples or adapters when the Piping Group specifies Schedule 10S or thinner. 10.3. Joint Compound. Joint compound shall be suitable for the service intended as
recommended by the manufacturer. Threaded joints in stainless steel at operating temperatures to 450ºF. shall be made up using stainless steel PST (Pipe Sealant with Teflon) with Locquic Primer "N" as manufactured by Loctite Corporation. Threaded joints in carbon steel at operating temperatures to 400ºF. shall be made up with PST (Pipe Sealant with Teflon) as manufactured by Loctite Corporation. Threaded joints in steam piping or piping at operating temperatures above 400ºF. shall be made up with General Purpose 1000ºF. Anti-Seize Compound "Thred Gard" (formerly Crane Formula 425A) as manufactured by Federal Process Corporation, 4620 Richmond Road, Cleveland, Ohio 44128.
10.3.1. Teflon tape is strictly prohibited. 11.0 BRANCH CONNECTIONS
11.1. All branch connections shall be in accordance with ASME/ANSI B31.1, Paragraph 104.3.1.
11.2. Fabricated branch connections shall only be used where shown on the isometrics or listed in the branch connection tables.
11.3. Normally, branch fittings 2 inches and smaller on piping runs 2 inches and smaller shall be made using tees and reducing tees, unless noted otherwise in the piping group specifications.
11.4. Branch connection materials are specified in the individual Piping Group
Specifications, Section 2.02 of this specification. Branch Connection Tables are detailed at the end of Section 2-03. Branch Connection Tables are given for each service in the Piping Service Index, Section 2.01 of this specification. The specified Branch Connection Table in the Piping Service Index lists the preferred branch connection for each service. Actual design conditions could require additional reinforcement and in some case could require less reinforcement. Design judgment should be used when selecting a branch connection from the tables. For example, try to avoid using stainless steel Weldolets on overflows.
ANSI B16.9. Stainless steel tees will be shown on Drawings or listed in the Branch Connection Tables only when design requires improved vibration resistance or lower stress values. The Piping Drawings will normally show a nozzle weld when
acceptable, since stainless steel tee connections manufactured in accordance with ASTM A 774 or ASTM A 403, CR may be fabricated (nozzle weld) tees. The cost of a factory-made (A403 WP) tee is much greater than that of a fabricated (nozzle weld) tee (A403 CR). When a stainless steel tee is shown on the piping drawings, it shall be a factory-made (A403 WP-type) tee.
12.0 EXTERNAL PRESSURE DESIGN
12.1. Piping subjected to a vacuum shall be analyzed for stiffener ring requirements with Paragraphs UG-28 and UG-29 of Section VIII of the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code.
13.0 PIPE BENDS
13.1. Pipe bends shall be used where shown on the Drawings or specified herein. The centerline radius of all pipe bends shall be not less than five (5) pipe diameters unless stated to the contrary herein. The centerline radius shall be uniform. After bending, the pipe shall be in accordance with Pipe Fabrication Institute ES-24. The pipe bend ends shall be true to the angle shown on the drawings.
14.0 LEAK TESTS
14.1. All piping systems constructed under the jurisdiction of either Section I of the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code or ASME/ANSI Code for Pressure Piping B31,
Sections 1 through 8, and if required by the State or Local codes, shall be leak tested in accordance with the applicable code.
14.2. All other systems shall be leak tested in accordance with ASME/ANSI B31.3, Paragraph 345 or when approved by the Owner's Representative, in such a way that their acceptability for service is proven. Unless otherwise directed by the Owner's Representative, all piping shall be tested in accordance with the leak test specified in the Piping Service Index, Section 2.01 of this specification.
14.2.1. Approval. The Contractor shall notify any governmental authority requiring witness of testing for permits and the Owner's Representative for approval prior to starting any testing procedure for each piping system.
14.3. After erection and before insulation is applied, all piping, unless otherwise approved by the Owner's Representative, shall be subjected to the specified leak test which the Owner's Representative and possibly a governmental authority shall witness and approve.
14.4. If during the field testing of piping, it becomes necessary to insert test blinds in any part of the piping, the Contractor shall use the following procedure:
14.4.1. Equip each test blind with a long handle or tab painted red, where possible. 14.4.2. List all test blinds inserted in the piping showing exactly where they are installed,
and submit this list to the Owner's Representative.
14.4.3. After completion of the test, remove all test blinds and replace gaskets.
14.5. At the completion of the tests, the Contractor shall immediately make tight, to the satisfaction of the Owner's Representative, any leaks which developed under the test; shall correct loose or otherwise faulty supports; and shall provide and install such devices as may be necessary to eliminate sway or vibration of pipe or supports. 14.6. Furnished Equipment. Valve bonnets and other joints in equipment furnished by
others but installed by the Contractor shall be taken up or otherwise adjusted by the Contractor as required to make the work tight.
14.7. Weld Repairs. In the event that any welded joint develops leaks on test, the joint shall not be repaired by additional welding, but the defective section of the weld shall be removed and replaced with a sound weld of proper section.
14.8. The Contractor shall provide all pumps, gauges, instruments, temporary piping and personnel required for all tests. All instruments used for testing shall be calibrated for accuracy.
14.9. If a piping system is left drained after testing and left empty for three (3) or more days, the Contractor shall add appropriate chemicals for a dry system lay-up.
responsible for the marking and storage of all material in such a manner that the ASTM material specification and marking identification will be clearly discernible at the time of its installation in the system. Material delivered unmarked shall be
refused. The Contractor shall, in turn, exercise the necessary precautions to preserve material type identification to the extent that material in its erected position can be readily identified by visual inspection. Pipe pieces from which the ends bearing manufacturers’ marks have been removed shall be re-marked by the Contractor immediately. If, at the time of installation, any material is not readily identifiable, it will be subject to rejection or arbitrary downgrading to the lowest grade by the Owner's Representative. In no case shall paint, crayon, etc., be permitted to contaminate surfaces to be welded.
15.2. In storing, handling, and erection of stainless steel or other non-ferritic pipe, it is important to avoid contacting the pipe with carbon bearing materials, in order to preclude the impingement of these elements into the stainless steel and other non-ferritic materials. Therefore, every method and technique shall be employed which minimizes contamination of the pipe during cutting, fabricating, transporting, storing, and erecting.
15.3. Any pipe delivered for incorporation in the work which shows any signs of improper welding techniques, signs of rust, or other forms of corrosion shall be rejected. 15.4. For the purpose of identifying valves, the valve supplier shall install on each valve
before shipment a permanently-attached Type 316 stainless steel identification plate or tag with the Abengoa Valve Symbol Tag (example: 41V20F) on it or on the
manufacturer's tag (attachment by wire is not acceptable). The valve symbol shall consist of stamped letters and numerals not less than 1/4 inch high and shall be deeply impressed onto the metal plate or tag. The stainless steel plate or tag shall be attached to the valve body or yoke (not the handwheel). The valve plates/tags shall be minimum 18 gauge thick similar to National Band and Tag Company, Newport, Kentucky 41072; style number 16-161.
15.5. NOTE: Purchase orders for valves shall advise the manufacturer of the environment, service, temperature, pressure and nature of the fluid for which the valve is to be used. (Use the Service and/or Line Description from the Piping Service Index).
15.6. Submittal. The Contractor, Supplier or Fabricator shall submit, to the Owner's Representative, certified chemical analyses of all heat code numbers traceable to Mill Test Reports for all materials when requested by the Owner's Representative. These Mill Test Reports shall be furnished with material when shipped.
16.0 VALVE REQUIREMENTS
16.1. Valves between lines, systems, or equipment of different services shall conform to the specification for the higher service, not only for material and pressure class, but also as to requirements for screwed, flanged or welded construction. The
Contractor is cautioned that at interface points between two services, a unique or hybrid valve may be required to give satisfactory performance.
16.2. A shut-off valve shall generally be provided in each branch line 2 inches and smaller at the takeoff from the header, if the next shut-off valve in the branch is over eight (8) feet from the header.
16.3. Prior to installation, all valves shall be checked for their ability to operate properly. Gasket and flange faces shall be adequately cleaned and protected before and during installation.
16.4. The Contractor shall be responsible for the correct orientation of all valves including that the valves are not installed backwards. Unidirectional valves shall be color coded for positive identification of seat side. All manual valves shall be accessible. Where circumstances dictate abnormal locations for valves, chain wheels or stem extensions shall be installed.
16.5. Prior to welding a valve in a line, open the valve to prevent pressure buildup, unless the manufacturer recommends that the valve be closed during installation to
prevent warping of the seats. The Contractor shall consult with the valve manufacturer prior to welding or stress relieving operations.
16.6. Double Block and Bleed. Double block and bleed valve applications are required for positive isolation of energy source for confined space entry and for positive isolation of hazardous chemicals when connecting into other systems. Special design
considerations are required for double block and bleed valve applications. Double block and bleed may be provided by the using one of the following methods:
16.7. Two (2) shutoff valves with a tell-tale drain between the shutoff valves. 16.7.1. Special design features on a ball valve with body cavity drained.
16.7.2. Special valve design which acts as a line blind with positive lockout feature. 16.8. All manual valves shall be new; no used or reconditioned valves shall be accepted. 17.0 PIPE SUPPORTS
17.1. Pipe supports shall be in accordance with Section 2-08 of this specification. 18.0 FLOOR AND WALL SLEEVES
18.1. All pipe passing through concrete floors and masonry walls shall be provided with sleeves large enough to adequately accommodate the pipe, including insulation and any movement due to thermal expansion. These sleeves are located and detailed on the Building Drawings.
18.1.1. Where sleeves are omitted, the method of installation shall be by core drilling the sleeve hole rather than by the use of jackhammer and pavement breaker. Cutting holes and furnishing and installing these sleeves shall be the
responsibility of the Contractor. Floor sleeves shall extend 6 inches above the high point of concrete floors and shall be grouted-in-place. Prior to core drilling, the Contractor shall obtain approval of the Owner's Representative.
18.1.2. Field routed pipe penetrating fire walls must have penetrations that meet Factory Mutual approval.
18.1.3. All carbon steel sleeves shall be galvanized. Floor sleeves in process areas shall be Type 316L stainless steel.
18.1.4. Where directed by the Owner's Representative, the Contractor shall install Type 316L stainless steel flashing at floor sleeves in areas subject to washdown.
gauge Type 316L stainless steel sheet metal. Roof cones and roof sleeves are detailed on Building Drawings.
20.0 ERECTION OF OWNER-PURCHASED EQUIPMENT
20.1. The erection of Owner-purchased equipment, except in-line valves, instruments, etc., shall be done in accordance with the erection specifications.
21.0 CONNECTIONS TO PUMPS, TANKS AND EQUIPMENT
21.1. The Contractor shall erect and support piping in a manner that shall not put undue strain on pumps, tanks, or equipment.
21.2. The procedure for connection of piping to equipment shall be as follows:
21.2.1. After the equipment has been set and grouted, the Contractor shall run the pipe to the equipment without making any connections tight.
21.2.2. Flat faced flanges and full face gaskets shall be used on piping connecting to equipment with flat faced flanges. Raised faces of standard flanges may be machined off flat to accomplish this.
21.2.3. Piping shall be checked by the Contractor and witnessed by the Owner's
Representative to assure that no strain is placed on the equipment. If pipe is not correctly aligned, the Contractor shall remove piping and correct. The correction in alignment shall not be made while the pipe is connected to the equipment. 21.3. After alignment is found correct by the Owner's Representative, the Contractor shall
make piping connections tight.
21.4. When required by the Owner's Representative, after the equipment has been in service, tested at operating temperatures and with the lines and equipment still hot, the Contractor shall loosen flanged connections to pumps, tanks and equipment, and check for alignment, position, expansion and strain applied to the equipment; make any adjustments necessary, and secure approval of the Owner's
cloth or finer as required by equipment clearances, shall be inserted by the
Contractor between suction flanges of all pumps (centrifugal, vacuum, etc.,) where designated on the Drawings, or requested by the Owner's Representative. The hardware cloth shall be greater in diameter than the O.D. of the flange so that its presence can be detected. The Contractor shall remove these strainers after the pumps have been test run and with the approval of the Owner's Representative. The Contractor shall also remove from the piping any foreign material filtered from the test flows by these strainers.
22.0 COLD SPRINGING OF MEDIUM AND HIGH TEMPERATURE PIPING
22.1. Piping systems shall be cold sprung only where specified on the Piping Isometrics. 23.0 MATERIAL SPECIFICATIONS
23.1. The Sections listed below contain the individual specifications for the materials and construction requirements for all pipe lines covered in this specification. The Piping Service Index, Section 2.01 of this specification, contains the letters and numbers used to designate specification groups of components as indicated in the Index column headings.
23.2. The system used on the Piping Drawings and P&ID's to indicate the type of materials and construction required for each line is illustrated by the following hypothetical example:
12"-CCWS-0450B-01-CS51-3/4”2.4 HC 12" Indicates nominal pipe size of line.
CCWS Referring to the Piping Service Index, is the fluid code designation for "Chilled Water Supply"
0450B Indicates P&ID Origination 01 Indicates line sequence number. CS51 Piping Specification
3/4" Indicates thickness of the insulation. 2.4 Insulation Material Class
Index.
23.4. Valves are specified in detail in Section 2.04 – Valve Specification Index.
23.5. Gasket groups are specified in detail in Section 2.01 – Piping Service Index and 2.05 – Gasket Group Specifications..
23.6. The system used on the piping drawings to indicate the type of valve required is illustrated by the following hypothetical example:
6" 01G20F
6” Indicates nominal pipe size for the valve. 01 Indicates Valve Class
G Indicates the type of valve according to the following: V = Ball Valve
F = Butterfly Valve C = Check Valve D = Diaphragm Valve G = Gate Valve K = Knife Gate Valve B = Globe Valve N = Needle Valve P = Plug Valve A = Angle Valve S = Stock Valve U = Piston Valve 2 Body Type 1 = Cast 2 = Forged 3 = Machined 4 = Fabricated
C = Sanitary Clamp F = Flanged Ends I = Wafer Insert L = Lug Body Insert
S = Screwed
W = Welded (Butt Weld / Socket Weld) G = Grooved Ends
K = Solder Ends X = Mixed Ends
23.7. There may be some instances where it has been desirable to substitute, by design, an item such as a valve or gasket at a particular location, in place of the one specified in the Piping Service Index. In each instance, the item substituted will be clearly indicated and specified on the Piping Drawings, and such indication is to take precedence over the item originally called for in the Piping Specifications. All other terms of the specifications shall be observed.
23.8. Any omission, error, discrepancy, or other irregularity shall be referred to the Owner's Representative for interpretation.
24.0 INSULATION OF PIPE
24.1. Insulation shall be specified in accordance with Specification 2.06 – General Piping Insulation Specifications.
24.2. Personnel Protection. Personnel protection (insulation and/or guards) is identified on the piping drawings; however, the Contractor shall be responsible for determining where personnel protection is required. Personnel protection shall be provided to prevent inadvertent contact with hot surfaces, as required by the Occupational Safety and Health Act Standards. Piping with operating temperatures greater than 140ºF. and within 7 feet of floors or working platforms or within 36 inches
measured horizontally from stairways, ramps, or fixed ladders shall be covered with an insulating material or guarded in such a manner as to prevent contact with bare pipe.
Drawings, the dimensions as given on the Drawings shall stand as correct. However, shop fabrication sketches shall be submitted to the Owner's Representative for review prior to release for fabrication.
25.2. Where shop prefabrication is not specified but is done as the Contractor's choice, any adjustments necessary due to inaccuracies in equipment setting and dimensions or location of existing obstructions shall be done at no additional cost to the Owner. No shop fabrication sketches under this article will be checked by Owner's
Representative.
25.3. All pipe assemblies shall be fabricated to dimensional tolerances in accordance with Pipe Fabrication Institute Standard ES-3.
25.4. The Fabrication Contractor shall identify each piece of fabrication by clearly marking the piece number with indelible dye or other weatherproof marking media, on each end of each pipe piece and on each fitting. Pipe or fittings delivered unmarked will be refused. The Contractor shall, in turn, exercise the necessary precautions to preserve these markings to the extent that each piece of pipe in its erected position can be readily identified by visual inspection. Pipe pieces from which the ends bearing fabricators marks have been removed shall be re-marked by the Contractor immediately. In no case shall paint, crayon, etc., be permitted to contaminate surfaces to be welded.
25.5. Flanged ends of each fabricated piece shall be protected with plastic blanks, plain ends shall be protected with plastic plugs and threaded ends shall be provided with plastic plugs or caps during shipment to the job site.
26.0 FIELD ROUTING
26.1. The following basic guidelines shall be followed by the Contractor for all field-routed piping:
26.1.1. Pipes should run along existing pipeways whenever possible. 26.1.2. Pipes should run in north-south or east-west directions. 26.1.3. Pipes shall be installed with a minimum number of fittings.
Support, Section 2.08 of these specifications.
26.1.5. Special attention must be given to maintain head clearance and accessibility. It shall be the responsibility of the Contractor to maintain clearances so as not to interfere with normal operation or maintenance of equipment.
26.1.6. It shall be the responsibility of the Contractor to avoid interference problems with other construction and piping. Conflicts that do occur will be resolved by the Owner's Representative.
26.1.7. An adequate number of unions and/or flanges shall be used on screwed and socket weld pipe for easy removal of valves or equipment.
26.1.8. If the piping is not installed with regard to all of the above, it shall be removed and properly installed by the Contractor at no additional cost to the Owner. 26.1.9. All horizontal nonmetallic lines located less than eight feet above grade or floor
elevation shall be protected from external damage by structural steel shapes, such as angles or channels, along the bottom of the pipe for the full length of the run. Vertical nonmetallic runs shall be protected by full enclosure protectors fabricated from structural steel members. Use of pipe is an acceptable alternate to structural shapes for protection of nonmetallic lines.
27.0 FLUSHING AND CLEANING
27.1. Upon completion of the various systems, all piping and valves shall be flushed thoroughly clean and blown out with water, air or steam unless otherwise specified in the Piping Service Index, Piping Group Specifications or directed by the Owner's Representative.
27.2. The Contractor shall flush all water, condensate, pumped condensate and boiler feedwater transfer piping clear of all dirt and foreign matter with all pumps and equipment bypassed and all strainers removed from strainer bodies. The Contractor shall provide circulation means by supplying portable pumping apparatus. The Owner pumps shall not be acceptable means of providing circulation.
compressed air for four (4) hours minimum. The Contractor shall open and clean all drip legs and repeat blowing until no moisture or debris is found in drip legs. If piping is left drained after blowing and left empty or untreated for more than two (2) days, the system shall be evacuated and filled with ten (10) PSIG nitrogen purge. 27.4. Removals. All in-line devices subject to damage by the flushing and cleaning
process, shall be removed prior to flushing and cleaning, and cleaned separately. Temporary spools, caps, plugs, etc., shall be furnished, installed and removed by the Contractor for any in-line device that must be removed for the flushing and
cleaning process. New gaskets and thread lubricant shall be used when removed in-line devices are reinstalled after cleaning.
27.5. After flushing and cleaning, the piping system shall be placed into service to prevent the interior of the piping from rescaling. If the system cannot be placed into service immediately, additional flushing and cleaning may be required.
27.6. The Contractor shall furnish, install and remove temporary piping or hose to bypass coils, control valves and other components which may be subject to damage, unless acceptable means of protection are provided and subsequent inspection of
equipment takes place. The means of protection must be approved by the Owner or Owner's Representative.
27.7. The Contractor shall sectionalize piping systems to obtain a velocity of 2-1/2 feet per second for piping 16 inches and Larger and 6 feet per second for piping 14 inches and smaller. The Contractor shall provide temporary piping.
27.8. The Contractor shall use biodegradable and non-hazardous chemistries for degreasing and chemical cleaning. Disposal of all effluent shall be approved and permitted by local authorities and must be approved by the Owner or Owner's Representative.
minimize, as far as possible, any interferences or conflicts between new piping and new or existing construction. However, prior to beginning the erection of each line, the Contractor shall use every practical means to ascertain that no such
interferences will be encountered, thereby precluding the necessity of disassembling partially or completely erected systems for rerouting to clear obstructions which may exist. Where any interference is thus determined as existing, the Contractor shall obtain the approval of the Owner's Representative for a corrected routing to clear the interference in the most economical and satisfactory manner. After such approval has been obtained, and only then, the Contractor may proceed with erection as approved. Where such authorized re-routing involves the use of extra materials, the Contractor may submit his request for the cost of the material and its installation only to the extent that it exceeds the quantities required for the routing as originally shown on drawings.
28.2. In no case shall the Contractor be entitled to extra compensation for "taking down" or dismantling work which has been erected or prefabricated except for such
prefabrication as has been called for in this specification or on the drawings, or unless otherwise specifically authorized in writing by the Owner's Representative.
29.0 DISINFECTION OF POTABLE WATER AND OTHER SYSTEMS
29.1. All piping and appurtenances designated for disinfection, such as potable water service, shall be disinfected in accordance with AWWA Standard C651 after being flushed and cleaned as specified in Paragraph 28.0 of these specifications. Potable water piping which is subsequently taken out of service for inspecting, testing, or repairing shall be redisinfected.
29.2. Disinfection shall be performed to the satisfaction of all state and local ordinances and all permit requirements.
29.3. Piping which becomes contaminated by dirt or debris during construction shall be thoroughly cleaned and swabbed with a 1.0 percent hypochlorite solution prior to installation. Wetted parts of valves shall be swabbed with 1.0 percent hypochlorite solution prior to installation.
29.4. After the system has been disinfected and after the applicable retention period, the heavily chlorinated water shall be flushed from the system using potable water until water leaving all parts of the system has a chlorine concentration suitable for
domestic consumption. The heavily chlorinated water shall be disposed of in accordance with state and local ordinances and regulations.
29.5. Once final flushing of all mains and service lines is completed, bacteriological samples shall be taken from each main and each dead end connection. These
samples shall be tested by a laboratory approved by the Owner's Representative and by state and local authorities. Two (2) successive samples per sampling point taken at least 24 hours apart must provide acceptable bacteriological levels. Copies of the test reports shall be submitted to the Owner's Representative before system
acceptance.
29.6. If the disinfection process fails to provide acceptable bacteriological levels, the portion or portions of the piping system feeding the point where the failed test occurred shall be flushed and redisinfected in accordance with AWWA C651 until acceptable bacteriological levels are met.
30.0 PIPING TIE-INS
30.1. Piping tie-ins shall be made during shutdowns or local system outages, as directed by the Owner's Representative. All tie-in work shall be scheduled with the Owner's Representative. The Contractor shall be responsible for verifying that the piping system is isolated, locked out and drained before any cutting or unbolting is attempted.
30.2. Prior to the shutdown, the Contractor shall purchase and prefabricate piping tie-in materials to the maximum extent practical. The prefabricated tie-in piping shall be cleaned prior to installation. The Contractor shall also make all arrangements necessary for temporary services (lights, electricity, etc.).
30.3. If the Contractor can positively identify that insulation does not contain "asbestos", then the Contractor shall remove insulation required for making piping tie-ins. If insulation cannot be positively identified as "asbestos free”, the Contractor shall contact the Owner's Representative and define the extent of insulation that needs to be tested for asbestos. It shall be the Owner's responsibility to test for asbestos. Unless otherwise directed by the Owner's Representative, the Contractor shall remove any "asbestos free" insulation. All insulation containing "asbestos" shall be removed by the Owner. All applicable rules on asbestos removal including, but not limited to, OSHA Standards 29CFR1910.1001 and 29CFR1926.58, EPA requirement 40CFR61.156 and the Owner's requirements shall be followed.
30.4. Unless otherwise directed by the Owner's Representative, the Contractor shall not remove any materials containing lead. The removal of all materials containing lead shall be by the Owner. The Contractor shall contact the Owner's Representative and define the extent of materials which may contain lead that the Owner needs to remove. All applicable rules on lead abatement including, but not limited to, OSHA Standards, EPA requirements and the Owner's requirements shall be followed. 30.5. The Contractor shall use every method available to ensure that during the
installation process the new and existing piping remains clean and free from foreign materials. After the tie-in installation is completed, the Contractor shall perform flushing or cleaning of the new and existing systems as required by these
specifications or drawings.
30.6. Prior to startup, the Contractor shall perform leak tests as required by these specifications or Drawings, install any permanent insulation and heat tracing required and install pipe supports required.
31.0 PIPING IDENTIFICATION AND COLOR CODING
31.1. After each pipe line has been completed (erected, purged, tested, insulated and/or painted) the Contractor shall furnish and install piping identification indicating line contents and direction of flow in accordance with this specification and as directed by the Owner's Representative. All pipe labels shall conform to ANSI A13.1. All labeling shall conform to posted "Explanatory Signs" (signs posted which explain the color code and piping identification). Any omission, discrepancy, or other irregularity shall be referred to the Owner's Representative for interpretation.
31.2. Labeling. Pipe labeling is used to identify the contents of pipes, to denote pressure and temperature hazards as a part of the legend when appropriate, and to indicate direction of flow.
31.3. Color Coding. Color coding is used to identify the degree of hazard posed by the chemical or physical properties of the pipe contents. It also denotes the use or function of the piping system in the case of fire protection piping.
31.4. Type of Labels. Pipe labels shall be as manufactured by the W. H. Brady Company, P. O. Box 571, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53201, phone number (414) 358-6600, or as approved by the Owner's Representative. The "Snap-On" or "Self-Sticking"
(adhesive backed) markers are the preferred type for labels.
31.5. Label Size. The size (height) of the letters and the minimum length of the label (field) shall be based on the outside pipe diameter, including insulation and
jacketing, if any. If multiple pipes are bundled and wrapped, the determining factor is the approximate outside diameter of the bundle.
31.6. Label/Lettering Colors. Color combinations of labels and lettering shall be as follows:
Field Color Material Category Lettering Color
Green Liquids - Low Hazard White
Blue Gases - Low Hazard White
Yellow Dangerous Black
Red Fire Protection White
Outside Diameter of Pipe or Covering
(Inches)
Minimum Length of Color Field (Inches)
Size of Letters (Inches) Less than 1-1/2 8 1/2 1-1/2 to 2 8 3/4 2-1/2 to 6 12 1-1/4 8 to 10 24 2-1/2 Over 10 32 3-1/2
31.7. Directional Arrows. The direction of flow through a pipe shall be indicated by the use of directional arrows displayed as part of the label. When the application is suitable, the arrows shall be preprinted on the banding tape used to secure each end of the label, and the tape shall cover the complete circumference of the pipe, including insulation (W. H. Brady - "SYSTEM 1").
31.8. Color Selection Guidelines. The following outlines the general criteria for color selection; (Specific assignments are made in the next paragraph):
31.8.1. Green. Reserved for liquids which have a low degree of hazard. For a liquid to qualify in this category, it must have no chemical or physical properties which are considered hazardous and must be at a temperature less than 125°F and a pressure less than 150 psig. (NOTE: Water need not be of a potable purity to qualify in this category; it may contain chemical or biological contaminants as long as the concentrations present are considered a low hazard.)
31.8.2. Blue. Reserved for gases which have a low degree of hazard. For a gas to qualify in this category, it must have no chemical or physical properties which are considered hazardous and must be at a temperature less than 125°F and a pressure less than 150 psig. Compressed air does not have to be breathable to qualify in this category because this guideline assumes that the use of plant compressed air for breathing and life support is prohibited.
31.8.3. Yellow. Reserved for steam, condensate, gases, vapors, liquids and pneumatically-conveyed solids which, due to their chemical or physical
properties, are hazardous. This includes any pipe with contents at a temperature of 125°F or greater or at a pressure of 150 psig or greater. Also reserved for multiple pipes bundled together.
31.8.4. Red. Denotes fire protection or fire quenching systems. This includes water, steam snuff, halon gas and carbon dioxide systems if these systems are
dedicated for fire protection or fire quenching. Steam, water, or carbon dioxide systems for other purposes do not qualify in this category.
31.9. Color Assignments. All piping systems shall be identified with labels having fields color coded in accordance with the above degree of hazard criteria or the color assignment (when given) for each service in the Piping Service Index, Section 2.01 of this specification. Multiple pipes bundled together inside a common wrapping shall be treated as hazardous and color coded "yellow".
31.10. Temperature Hazards. Any pipe which conveys a material at an operating temperature of 125°F or greater shall be considered a temperature hazard. The label wording shall start with the word "hot" to denote the temperature hazard unless the label wording adequately conveys the temperature hazard without the use of this word. An example of a label wording that does not require use of the word "hot" to indicate temperature hazard is "steam".
31.11. Pressure Hazards. Any pipe which conveys a material at an operating pressure of 150 psig or greater shall be considered a pressure hazard. The label wording shall include the words "high pressure" or the nominal pressure value (e.g., "150 psig"). 31.12. Pipe Bundles. Multiple pipes wrapped to form a bundle shall be labeled "Caution:
Multiple pipes under pressure".
31.13. Multiple Use Pipes. When a pipe is used to convey various materials at different times, it shall be labeled as follows:
31.13.1. Similar Materials. If the various content materials are similar in their physical and chemical properties and present a similar type and severity of hazard, then the label wording shall be a generic or general name which describes all the various materials. Examples are "resins", "polymer" and "oil". The general name used for labels shall be approved by the Owner's Representative.
31.13.2. Dissimilar Materials. If the various content materials are dissimilar in their
physical and/or chemical properties and present differing types and/or severities of hazards, then the label wording shall begin with the phrase "This pipe may contain" followed by the list of each of the various materials which might be conveyed.
content of the piping systems by lettered legend giving the name of the contents in full or abbreviated form. The legend shall be brief, informative, pointed and simple for greatest effectiveness. The use of specific legends and wordings shall be uniform throughout the plant. The label wording for all labels shall be approved by the Owner's Representative.
31.15. IN CASES WHERE A PIPE CONTAINS A RAW MATERIAL, INTERMEDIATE PRODUCT, FINAL PRODUCT OR OTHER CHEMICAL FOR WHICH A MATERIAL SAFETY DATA SHEET (MSDS) IS REQUIRED, THE LABEL WORDING SHALL BE EITHER THE PRODUCT NAME, COMMON NAME OR CHEMICAL NAME AS STATED ON THE MATERIAL SAFETY DATA SHEET.
31.16. Placement of Labels. Location and frequency of labels shall be as follows:
31.16.1. Actual Use Points. A label shall be placed at each use point, or as close to each use point as practical. Use points include but are not limited to: connections to equipment, machinery, tanks, vats, sumps, wet wells and hose stations. This applies to both indoor and outdoor use points.
31.16.2. Potential Use Points. A label shall be placed at each potential use point, including abandoned pipes and abandoned valves, unless said potential use points are permanently capped or plugged and valves are locked shut. This applies to both indoor and outdoor potential use points.
31.16.3. Transition Points. A label shall be placed at each point where a pipe enters or surfaces from the ground. A label shall be placed on a pipe on both sides of an intersection with a wall, floor, roof or ceiling. This includes both indoor and outdoor locations.
31.16.4. Main and Headers. Labels shall be placed on pipe mains and headers at a
suggested spacing of 50 feet, not to exceed 100 feet. Labels shall also be placed on mains and headers at all valves, adjacent to changes in direction, and at all branch or tee connections. Additional labels shall be used on mains and headers to compensate for disrupted or obscured visibility due to structures, poor
lighting or other reasons.
31.16.5. Miscellaneous Valves. Labels shall be placed at all sampling cocks, blowdown valves and drain valves; also at transfer valves and fittings such as at truck or rail car loading and unloading stations.
form a bundle, a single label on the outside of the bundle shall be provided at spacings not to exceed 100 feet. In addition, each individual pipe entering or exiting the bundle shall be labeled at its junction with the bundle.
31.17. Method to Secure Labels to Pipe. When the application is suitable, labels shall be taped to the pipe and directional label banding tape used to secure each end of the label. The protective liner shall be removed from the banding tape strip before applying banding tape to the ends of labels.
32.0 PAINTING
32.1. Piping systems shall be painted in accordance with the project Paint/Protective Coatings Specification 099000. Unless otherwise directed by the Owner's Representative, metal surfaces of stainless steel and other nickel alloys, brass, factory finished surfaces (except as scheduled), plastic or fiberglass do not require painting/coating. The Contractor shall be responsible for assuring compliance with the project Paint/Protective Coatings Specification for all fabrication, assembly and erection of the piping systems.
32.1.1. All natural gas and propane piping systems shall be painted "Safety Yellow" in accordance with the project Paint/Protective Coatings Specification.
32.1.2. All insulated steel piping systems shall have a prime coat applied in accordance with the project Paint/Protective Coatings Specification 099000 before the pipe is insulated.
32.1.3. All steel uninsulated piping shall be painted in accordance with the Project Paint / Protective Coating Specification 099000.
AIR 120 PSIG at 110ºF SS94 E - -FILTERED MAX, from filter to 316L SS
(STERILE) point of use
"AF"
APPLICABLE CODE => ASME / ANSI B31.3 - CATEGORY “D” BRANCH TABLE => BRSOL
TEST TYPE => BLOW WITH AIR AND ‘PNEUMATIC’ TEST
VALVES-PREFERRED SHUTOFF THROTTLE CHECK OTHER 2" and Smaller 41V20F 41P10F 41C20F 41V20F 3" and Larger 41F20L 41D10F 41C21F AIR, 120 PSIG at 110ºF SS99 - -FILTERED (STERILE)
MAX, from dryer to point of use
316 Tubing (1” and Smaller) “AF”
APPLICABLE CODE => ASME/ANSI B31.3 – CATEGORY “D” BRANCH TABLE => COMPRESSION FITTINGS
TEST TYPE => BLOW WITH AIR AND SERVICE TEST
VALVES-PREFERRED SHUTOFF THROTTLE CHECK OTHER 1” and Smaller 99V10M 99V10M -
-AIR, 120 PSIG at 110ºF CS51 B - -INSTRUMENT MAX, from dryer to CS
point of use
"AI"
APPLICABLE CODE => ASME/ANSI B31.3 – CATEGORY “D” BRANCH TABLE => BNTOL
TEST TYPE => BLOW WITH AIR AND "PNEUMATIC" TEST
VALVES-PREFERRED SHUTOFF THROTTLE CHECK OTHER 2" and Smaller 01V11S 01B10S 01C11S 01V11S 3" through 6" 01F11L 01F11L 01C10I
AIR 100 PSIG at 100ºF SS10 E - -ATMOSPHERE MAX, from atmosphere 304L SS
to point of use
"AA"
APPLICABLE CODE => ASME/ANSI B31.1 BRANCH TABLE => BRSOL
TEST TYPE => FLUSH AND HYDROSTAT TEST INSULATION FINISH => SJ
VALVES-PREFERRED SHUTOFF THROTTLE CHECK OTHER 2" and Smaller 41V20W - - 41V10S 3" through 4” 41F20L - - 41F20L
PLANT 120 PSIG at 110ºF CS51 B - -AIR MAX, from compressor CS
to point of use
"AP"
APPLICABLE CODE => ASME/ANSI B31.3 - CATEGORY "D" BRANCH TABLE => BNTOL
TEST TYPE => BLOW WITH AIR AND "PNEUMATIC" TEST
VALVES-PREFERRED SHUTOFF THROTTLE CHECK OTHER 2" and Smaller 01V11S 01B10S 01C11S 01V11S 3" and Larger 01F11L 01F11L 01C10I
BEER 150 PSIG at 225ºF MAX SS10 E 2.1 -ALL LINES DOWNSTREAM 304L SS
OF, AND SUMP LINES TO BEER WELL “BEER”
APPLICABLE CODE => ASME/ANSI B31.3 – NORMAL FLUID BRANCH TABLE => BRSOL
TEST TYPE => FLUSH AND HYDROSTATIC TEST INSULATION FINISH => SJ
VALVES-PREFERRED SHUTOFF THROTTLE CHECK OTHER 2" and Smaller 41V21F 41P10F 41C10L 41V21F 3” through 8” 41F20L 41D10F 41C21F
10” through 12” 41F20L 41F20L 41C21F 14” through 16”
(75 PSIG and below) 41F20L 41F20L 41C21F -14” through 16”
(76 PSIG and up)
