Rigging Lifting

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RIGGER

TRAINING

AND

ASSESSMENT

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PRESENTED

BY

Mohamed Yehia

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Content:-Content:-

_Legislation_Legislation

Regulations Regulations

H S E Guidance H S E Guidance

Pre- use examination of lifting equipment Pre- use examination of lifting equipment Inspection of lifting equipment

Inspection of lifting equipment

Rigging of various loads Rigging of various loads Safe operating procedures Safe operating procedures

Weight estimation Weight estimation

Load stailit! Load stailit!

Wire rope safet!" inspection and care Wire rope safet!" inspection and care

Safe rigging principles Safe rigging principles

(5)

L O L E R

Loler reglation!

"# #ame into effect $th %ec &''()

*rom this date holders must compl! +ith all the all dut! requirements)

$# %efining the terms etc)

I E) &', act means the Health and safet! at +or. act &',)

%# /o +hom and +here)

0 Ships 1erchant Shipping) 0 Slips /rips 2nd *alls)

0 Ris. 2ssessment)

&# #alls upon the emplo!er to ensure that the strength and stailit! are adequate)

(6)

L O L E R

Reg(! Cont(d

)# Ever! emplo!er shall reduce to as lo+ as possile"

0 /he load from stri.ing people) 0 Load drifting)

0 *alling)

0 3eing released unintentionall!)

*# Ever! emplo!er shall ensure that"

I)e) equipment for lifting people is clearl! mar.ed)

+) Properl! planned" Properl! supervised and

(7)

L O L E R

Reg(! Cont(d

,# /horough examination and inspection)

0 _{Lifting persons ever! 4 months)}

0 2ccessories lifting gear slings hoo.s shac.les 4 months)

0 Lifting equipment" mechanical device capale of raising

or lo+ering a load &5 months)

"# Report and defects)

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LI.TING OPERATIONS

APPLICABLE LEGISLATION

0 HE2L/H 7 S2*E/8 2/ W9R6 etc &',)

"

0 12:2GE1E:/ 9* HE2L/H7S2*E/8 2/ W9R6 REG;L2/I9:S &''5)

0 LI*/I:G 9PER2/I9:S 2:% LI*/I:G E<;IP1E:/ REG;L2/I9:S &''()

0 PR9=ISI9: 2:% ;SE 9* W9R6 E<;IP1E:/ REG;L2/I9:S &''5 >21E:%E% &''(?)

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LI.TING OPERATIONS

APPLICABLE LEGISLATION

/EALT/ 0 SA.ETY AT 1OR2 et3 ACT ",*&

0 _{EMPLOYERS RESPONSIBILITIES}

$

It shall e the dut! of ever! emplo!er to ensure"as far as is reasonal! practicale" the health" safet! and +elfare at +or. of all his emplo!ees)

0 _{EMPLOYEES RESPONSIBILITIES}

/o ta.e reasonale care for the health and safet! of themselves and others +ho ma! e affected ! their acts or omissions)

the! must co-operate +ith their emplo!ers as far as is necessar! to enale that dut! or requirement to e performed or complied +ith)

:o person shall intentionall! or rec.lessl! interfere +ith or misuse an! equipment provided in the interest of health"safet! or +elfare)

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%

LI.TING OPERATIONS

APPLICABLE LEGISLATION

Management O4 /ealth 0 Sa4et5 At 1or6 Reg! ",,$

0 Requires emplo!ers and self emplo!ed persons to assess the ris.s

to +or.ers and an! others +ho ma! e affected ! their underta.ing)

0 Suitale and sufficient ris. assessments should - e carried out ! a competent person"

ensure that all relevant ris.s or ha@ards are addressed" determine the li.elihood of inAur! or harm arising"

ta.e into account an! existing control measures)

0 Emplo!ers +ith five or more emplo!ees must also record the significant findings of that assessment)

0 2ssessment should e revie+ed and if necessar! modified +hen the nature of the +or. or the ph!sical conditions of the +or. place

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LI.TING OPERATIONS

APPLICABLE LEGISLATION

Management O4 /ealth 0 Sa4et5 At 1or6 Reg! ",,$ 3ont(d

&

- Identif! the measures that emplo!ers must ta.e in order to

compl! +ith their duties under the applicale health and safet! legislation)

- Generic or BmodelC ris. assessments are acceptale +here similar activities are eing under ta.en in similar places of +or.)

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'

LI.TING OPERATIONS

APPLICABLE LEGISLATION

Pro7i!ion And 8!e O4 1or6 E9iment Reg! ",,$

0 Ever! emplo!er shall ensure that +or. equipment is so constructed or adapted as to e suitale for the purpose for +hich it is used or provided)

0 In selecting +or. equipment ever! emplo!er shall have regard to the +or.ing conditions and to the ris.s to the health and safet! of

persons +hich exist in the premises or underta.ing in +hich the +or. equipment is to e used)

0 /he suitailit! of +or. equipment should e addressed from three aspects)

- itDs initial integrit!" - the place +here it +ill e used" - the purpose for +hich it +ill e used)

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)

LI.TING OPERATIONS

APPLICABLE LEGISLATION

Pro7i!ion And 8!e O4 1or6 E9iment Reg! ",,$ 3ont(d

0 BsuitaleC means that it must e suitale ! design" construction or adaptation for the +or. it is provided

to do and suitale in ever! respect +hich it is reasonal! foreseeale +ill affect the safet! and health of an! person)

0 _{E7er5 emlo5er !hall}

en!re:-0 /hat +or. equipment is maintained in an efficient state"in

efficient +or.ing order and in good repair"and the +here there is a maintenance log it is .ept up to date)

0 Ris. assessments carried out under the 1HSWR +ill help

emplo!ers to select +or. equipment and assess itDs suitailit! for particular tas.s)

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*

LI.TING OPERATIONS

APPLICABLE LEGISLATION

0 /he use of +or. equipment is restricted to those persons given the tas. of using it)

Pro7i!ion And 8!e O4 1or6 E9iment Reg! ",,$ 3ont(d

0 /hat effective measures are ta.en to prevent contact +ith danger-ous parts of machiner!"this includes measures at four levels-fixed enclosing guards"other guards or protection devices"protection appliances and the provision of information)

0 /hat all persons +ho use or supervise the +or. equipment have

availale to them adequate health and safet! information and +here appropriate +ritten instructions pertaining to its use)

0 /hat all persons +ho use +or. equipment have received

adequate training in the methods +hich ma! e adopted +hen

using the +or. equipment; an! ris.s +hich are entailed and

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LI.TING OPERATIONS

APPLICABLE LEGISLATION

Manal /andling Oeration! Reg! ",,$

0 1anual handling operations-means an! transporting or supporting of a load ! hand or odil! force - I)e) lifting" pulling" pushing" carr!ing"putting do+n or moving thereof ! hand or odil! force)

0 Each emplo!er shall so far as is reasonal! practicale"avoid the need for his emplo!ee to underta.e an! manual handling at +or.) 0 /he! refer to the manual handling of loads ! human effort as

opposed to mechanical handling ! a crane or other such equipment) 0 2 load in this context must e a discrete moveale oAect ut does

not include an implement" tool or machine +hile in use)

0 /he regulations see. to prevent inAur! to an! part of the od! and as such account should e ta.en of ph!sical properties +hich ma! effect grip or cause direct inAur!)

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,

LI.TING OPERATIONS

APPLICABLE LEGISLATION

Manal /andling Oeration! Reg! ",,$ 3ont(d

0 Where it is not reasonal! practicale to avoid the need for the emplo!ee to under ta.e manual handling +hich involves the ris. of inAur!"the emplo!er shall ma.e a suitale and sufficient assess-ment of all such manual handling operations)

0 1anual handling assessment findings must e recorded)

0 /he assessment should e carried out ! a competent person and shall ta.e into account the tas."load"and +or.ing environment) 0 Properl! ased generic assessments are acceptale if the! dra+

dra+ together common threads from a range of roadl! similar manual handling operations)

(17)

LI.TING OPERATIONS

APPLICABLE LEGISLATION

Li4ting Oeration! And Li4ting E9iment Reglation! ",,+

0 Reglation#" - #itation and commencement - la!s out scope and timing)

0 _{Reglation#) -} Positioning and installation of equipment to minimise ris.)

0 _{Reglation#$ -} _{Interpretation - %efinitions}

0 Reglation#% - 2pplication - %etails +here and to +hom the regulations appl!)

0 _{Reglation#& -} Strength and stailit! - #alls upon the emplo!er to ensure that the strength and stailit! of

lifting equipment is adequate for use)

0 Reglation#' - /a.es precedence over all other LOLER

regulations +hen lifting of persons is to e carried out)

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LI.TING OPERATIONS

APPLICABLE LEGISLATION

Li4ting Oeration! A

Li4ting Oeration! And Li4ting E9iment Reglation! "nd Li4ting E9iment Reglation! ",,+ 3ont(d,,+ 3ont(d

00 _{Reglation#}_{Reglation# *}_{* --} _{1ar.ing of equipment to}_{1ar.ing of equipment to reflect SWL)}_{reflect SWL)}

00 S3hedle#" S3hedle#" -- Information for report of thorough examination contains Information for report of thorough examination contains a

a list list of of .e! .e! information information +hich +hich must must e e recorded)recorded) 00 Reglation# Reglation# + + -- 9rganisation of lifting operations to 9rganisation of lifting operations to reflectreflect

operational safet!"

operational safet!"adequate supervision adequate supervision and planning)and planning) 00 Reglation# Reglation# , , -- /horough examination and inspection to ensure valid/horough examination and inspection to ensure valid

certification"proper

certification"proper manufacture manufacture and and fitness fitness for for use)use) 00 Reglation#" Reglation#" --Reports and defects places a dut! on the examiner toReports and defects places a dut! on the examiner to

provide

provide a a report report of of examination examination to to emplo!er emplo!er and and HSEHSE in

in certain certain circumstances)circumstances)

00 _Reglat_{Reglation#""}_{ion#"" --}6eeping of information to ensure that initial6eeping of information to ensure that initial conformit!

conformit! certificates certificates and and examination examination reportsreports follo+

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Mar6ing! illegi=le Ad>!ting 3lt3he! di!torted or 3ra36ed /oo6! di!torted Ma!ter lin6 di!torted Coling 3omonent di!torted or 3ra36ed or in! in!e3re Sa4et5 3at3he! mi!!ing?damaged

C/AIN SLING

INSPECTION POINTS

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EYEBOLTS-@BS &$*+

COLLAR EYEBOLT

DYNAMO EYEBOLT EYEBOLT 1IT/ LIN2

S/O8LD BE 8SED .OR ERTICAL LI.TS ONLY

INTENDED .OR GENERAL LI.TING

ARE INTENDED .OR PERMANENT ATTAC/MENT TO /EAY PIECES O. E8IPMENT AND ARE 8S8ALLY .ITTED IN PAIRS

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EYEBOLTS

DYNAMO COLLAR COLLAR 1IT/ LIN2

#

SAME PLANE CORRECT AGAINST PLANE INCORRECT S/IM TO CORRECT ORIENTATION

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CORRECT?INCORRECT MET/OD O. SLINGING 1/EN 8SING

PAIRS O. SLINGS

NOTE:- INCREASE IN LOAD ON EYEBOLT 1IT/ INCORRECT MET/OD O. SLINGING#

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SPARRO1S TRAINING PRESENTATION EYEBOLT C/ART

RECOMMENDED S#1#L# LOADS

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SPARRO1S TRAINING PRESENTATION

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S8BSTANCE ORGANIC SOLENTS OILS

Net Ro:e ACIDS AL2ALIS @5lene;Tolene;

Material Tri3;Petrol;1hite

S:irit ETC

Natral .i =re! er5 er5 S!3e:ti=le To Atta36 S!3e:ti=le @Manilla0Si!al S!3e:ti=le S!3e:ti=le Be3ome Em=ritled ToAtta36

To Atta36 To Atta36

NYLON S!3e:ti=le /ighl5 /ighl5 Re!i!tant To Atta36 /ighl5

ToAtta36 Re!i!tant Re!i!tant

To Atta36 To Atta36

POLYESTER /ighl5 S!3e:ti=le irtall5 8na44e3ted irtall5

>TERYLENE Re!i!tant ToAtta36 8na44e3ted

To Atta36

POLY /ighl5 /ighl5 S!3e:ti=le To Atta36 NotA44e3ted ET/ELENE Re!i!tant Re!i!tant Parti3larl5 I4 Sol7ent /ot

To Atta36 To Atta36

POLY PROP /ighl5 /ighl5 Atta36ed =5 !ome !ol7ent! Not A44e3ted YLENE Re!i!tant Re!i!tant E#G# 5lene and Tolene

To Atta36 To Atta36

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SA.E 1OR2ING LOADS O. MAN-MADE .IBRE SLINGS

ERTICAL C/O2ER BAS2ET BAS2ET ,F BAS2ET "$F

CAPACITIES

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<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<

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FFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF

CHAIN BLOCKS

DISTANCE SUSPENSION LEVEL TO OPERATING LEVEL L92% #H2I: 2:#H9R P9I:/ L92% #H2I: MAIN CHAIN OPERATING LEEL TOP HOOK LOAD HOOK DRAWN-UP DIMENSION RANGE OF LIFT BOTTOM HOOK FULLY EXTENDED DIMENSION

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/OO2 DISTORTED BODY DAMAGED# COERS MISSING? DAMAGED C/AIN 1ORN;LIN2S BENT;NOTC/ED; CORRODED OR STRETC/ED#ETC /OO2 DISTORTED SA.ETY CATC/ MISSING ? DAMAGED MAR2INGS ILLEGIBLE LEER OR CONTROL DISTORTED SLAC2 ENDSTOP MISSING SA.ETY CATC/ MISSING?DAMAGED

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1IRE ROPE /OISTS

STANDARD ROPE /OIST

T1O TYPES O. APPLICATION - LI.TING APPLICATION - P8LLING APPLICATION

CAPACITY O. /OISTS DEPENDING ON APPLICATION S 1 L @LI.TING S 1 L @P8LLING +2G "$2G ")2G $'2G %$2G '2G

<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<

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BASIC TYPES OF

BEAM CLAMP

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S1L O. T8RNB8C2LES? RIGGING SCRE1S BS &&$, DIA @mm S1L "- %--2G "$ '--2G ") *'-2G $- "#$'t $$ $#-t $* %#-t %- &#-t %% '#-t %, )#-t &$ *#'t &+ "-#-t ') "'#-t )& $-#-t *$ $'#-t *) %-#-t +' &-#-t "-- '-#-t 8#S# .ED# SPEC DIA @in! 1LL %?+ '&'2G "?$ "#--t '?+ "#',t %?& $#%)t *?+ %#$*t " &#''t " "?& )#,-t " "?$ ,#*%t " %?& "$#"%t $ ")#+$t $ "?$ $*#$*t $ %?& %&#-,t

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DEE TYPE SHACKLE (With s!"# $i%

BOW TYPE SAFETY SHACKLE (With !'%) *'+t & s,"t. $i%

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LOAD LINE _CROWN BODY OWNERSHIP IDENTITY BEARING SURFACE PIN THREADED PAN

CHECK THAT SHACKLE HAS NOT /OPENED-UP0 CHECK FOR WEAR

CHECK FOR WEAR AND STRAIGHTNESS CH ECK THAT P IN IS ALWAYS SEATE D AN D IS /MATCHED0 TO BODY CLE ARAN CE P IN 1AW OPENING (GAPE

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S/AC2LES

PRE - 8SE INSPECTION

0 _{Sele3t 3orre3t t5e !ha36le 4or the >o= in hand#}

0 _{Che36 the !a4e or6ing load o4 the !ha36le}

=e4ore !e - no S1L

-

9arantine#

0 Che36 !ha36le in 4or eH3e!!i7e ear-i4 ear

i! "?"th or more o4 original diameter 9arantine#

0 _{Ma6e !re the in i! 4ree-=t not loo!e in the taed}

hole@! o4 the !ha36le#

0 Thread! on in and !ha36le !hold =e ndamaged and ithot are3ia=le ear#

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S/AC2LES

PRE - 8SE INSPECTION

@CONT(D

0 _{Che36 alignment o4 in hole! - the ntaed hole}

!hold not =e orn or o7er!ied#

0 Onl5 roerl5 4itted in! !hall =e !ed in !ha36le!#

0 /ome made or modi4ied !ha36le! m!t ne7er =e !ed#

0 _{Che36 >a! and in o4 !ha36le 4or di!tortion}

_#

Che36 =od5 o4 !ha36le 4or itting;3ra36! or 3orro!ion#

0 _{To te!t !ha36le !!end and ta lightl5 ith a hammer}

or the !ha36le in - JSO8NDJ !ha36le! !hold ha7e a K3learJ ring or KingJ

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LOCATION O. ATTAC/MENT TO IB OR /OO2 BLOC2

1EDGE SOC2ET DEAD END O. ROPE STRAIG/T LINE O. P8LL LIE @LOADED PART O. ROPE

1EDGE AND SOC2ET

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RECOMMENDED ROPE TERMINATION

TO BS *"))

T/E DEAD END IS LOOPED BAC2 ON ITSEL. 0 SEC8RED

1IT/ A B8LLDOG CLIP 0 SO.T 1IRE AS S/O1N#

A S/ORT SECTION O. ROPE CAN BE ATTAC/ED TO T/E

END O. T/E ROPE 1IT/ A B8LLDOG CLIP AS S/O1N#

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1IRE ROPE CLIPS @B8LLDOGS

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FFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF Ch"2 s#i3"+ '! !"")'4 '  4'3"4 "%t ,%) #",! Ch"2 $i3't '! #",! Ch"2 th,t h''2 +'s" s '!!"t+. (N' 5,$s H''2 R"+",s" C,4 Ch"2 '! #",! ,%) !,2s Ch"2 th,t R"+",s" L,th '$"!,t"s !""+. <<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<

G8NNEBO /OO2S

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RIG/T AND 1RONG P8LLEY GROOES

1RONG P8LLEY GROOE TOO NARRO1 1RONG P8LLEY GROOE TOO 1IDE RIG/T P8LLEY GROOE CORRECT "$ O. ROPE IS S8PPORTED

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SPARRO1S TRAINING PRESENTATION Angle

o4 4leet

The 4leet angle i! the angle 4ormed =eteen a line dran 4rom the 3entre o4 the lle5 to the 3entre o4 the drm; and a line 4rom the 3entre o4 the lle5 to the in!ide edge o4 the drm 4lange#

Thi! angle !hold not eH3eed "#'Fin the 3a!e o4 !mooth drm!;and $F4or groo7ed drm! to en!re the minimm amont o4 !ide ear o4 roe again!t the ad>a3ent ar in the 3a!e o4 !mooth 4a3ed drm!;and again!t the !ide o4 the groo7e! on groo7ed drm!#

A !a4e angle 3an =e o=tained =5 alloing at lea!t $&4t@*#%m o4 lead 4or ea3h $4t @#*mo4 drm idth hen the lead lle5 i! monted on the 3entre line o4 the drm#

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<<<

SLING ANGLES

F %F )F ,F "$F #' te ea3h !ling #'% te ea3h !ling #'+ te ea3h !ling #* te ea3h !ling "# te ea3h !ling "# Tonne

The S1L o4 a air o4 !ingle !ling! de3rea!e! a! the angle =eteen them in3rea!e!# F-S1LS1L o4 one !ling H $ %F-S1LS1L o4 one !ling H $ H #,)) )F-S1LS1L o4 one !ling H $ H #+)) ,F-S1LS1L o4 one !ling H $ H #** "$F-S1LS1L o4 one !ling H $ H #' F-S1LS1L o4 one !ling H $ %F-S1LS1L o4 one !ling H "#,% )F-S1LS1L o4 one !ling H "#*% ,F-S1LS1L o4 one !ling H "#&"& "$F-S1LS1L o4 one !ling onl5#

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ROPE BLOC2S

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Load on an3horage " tonne Load on an3horage $ tonne Load on an3horage E44ort" tonne "#%%tonne " tonne " tonne " tonne E44ort or ll " tonne E44ort or ll #%% tonne! Load !orted =5 % 4all! o4 roe#

Load on ea3h 4all "?%#%% tonne!

1here eH3e!!i7e manal e44ort i! li6el5 to =e ne3e!!ar5;and other mean! are not a7aila=le;roe =lo36! ma5 =e !ed in 3on>n3tion ith a oer in3h to 3arr5 ot a li4ting oeration#The ll re9ired at the in3h i! determined =5 the ree7ing arrangement! a! !hon =elo#

A eight o4 " tonne !!ended 4rom a hoo6 !=>e3t! the hoo6 to a load o4 one tonne onl5#@!ee 4ig "

I4 a roe a!!e! throgh a =lo36 !!ended 4rom a hoo6 @!ee 4ig $ the roe !ort! the tonne eight on one !ide o4 the lle5 and there i! an e9al ll o4 one tonne on the other !ide#The =lo36 i! !=>e3ted to =oth the eight and the ll @e44ort I#e# a total o4 $ tonne!#

I4 a ta36le 3on!i!ting o4 a do=le and !ingle =lo36 ree7ed together i! !ed to !ort " tonne@!ee 4ig % the load i! e9all5 di!tri=ted o7er the three 4all!: I#e# the ten!ion in ea3h 4all #%%tonne!# Sin3e the ten!ion on the oerating roe m!t e9al the ten!ion in ea3h 4all;the e44ort re9ired to rai!e the load ill al!o =e#%%tonne!#It 3an =e !aid that i4 more 4all! are !ed;the roe ten!ion and e44ort re9ired to rai!e the load ill =e red3ed#

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ROPE BLOC2S

CONT(D

/O1EER;IN CALC8LATING T/E E..ORT RE8IRED TO LI.T T/E LOAD AND T/E LOAD APPLIED AT T/E ANC/ORAGE;AN ALLO1ANCE M8ST BE MADE .OR .RICTION# IT /AS BEEN .O8ND BY EPERIMENT T/AT I. "O. T/E LOAD IS ADDED .OR EAC/ S/EAE 8SED;T/IS 1ILL ADE8ATELY COMPENSATE .OR T/E 1EIG/TO. T/E TAC2LE 8SED AND T/E .RICTION IN T/E S/EAES#T/E TOTAL LOAD ON T/E S8PPORT MAY BE CALC8LATED BY ADDING A "th O. T/E 1EIG/T O. T/E LOAD BEING LI.TED AND T/E E..ORT ON T/E OPERATING ROPE TO T/E LOAD#

LOAD TO BE LI.TED     "# TONNE

ALLO1ANCE  "?" O. LOAD .OR EAC/ O. & S/EAES  "?" O. " TONNE  &

#"&     #&TONNES

LOAD PL8S ALLO1ANCE    "#& TONNES

E..ORT  LOAD PL8S ALLO1ANCE DIIDED BY N8MBER

O. RET8RNS  "#& TONNES DIIDED BY &   #%' TONNES 1EIG/T ON S8PPORTING STR8CT8RE

 LOAD  ALLO1ANCE  E..ORT   "#*' TONNES

" TONNE

E..ORT OR LINE P8LL

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TABLE LOADINGS

ARRANGEMENT SINGLE $ SINGLE DO8BLE AND

SINGLE $ DO8BLE $ TREBLE DO8BLE AND

TREBLE T/E .IG8RE AGAINST

T/E BLOC2 INDICATES T/E N8MBER O. S/EAES MEC/ANICAL ADANTAGE LOAD @TONNES ALLO1ANCE O. " PER S/EAE E..ORT LOAD  ALLO1ANCE 1EIG/T ON ANC/ORAGE  LOAD ALLO1ANCE  E..ORT "TO " "# #" "#" $#" "# "# "# "# "# #$ #% #& #' #) %TO "

$TO " &TO" 'TO " )TO"

#) #&% #%' _#% #$*

"#+ "#*% "#*' "#+ "#+*

The re3eding ta=le !hall =e !ed to 4ind the e44ort re9ired on the oerating roe and the load on the !ort#The ta=le i! =a!ed on 3al3lation! 4or li4ting " tonne#1hen li4ting an5 eight other than "tonne;mltil5 the aroriate 4igre in the ta=le =5 the eight to =e li4ted in tonne!#EHamle:To 4ind the e44ort re9ired and load on !ort;!ing and tre=le =lo36! to li4t * tonne!#

Pll or e44ort 4or " tonne li4t  #% tonne!

So 4or a * tonne li4t;e44ort  #% H *  $#" tonne! Load on !ort 4or " tonne  "#+ tonne!

So 4or a * tonne li4t#load on !ort  "#+ H *  "$#) tonne!#

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T/E .OLLO1ING C/ART INDICATES T/E .ACTOR TO BE M8LTIPLIED BY T/E LINE P8LL TO OBTAIN T/E

TOTAL LOAD ON T/E BLOC2#

ANGLE .ACTOR M8LTIPLIERS

ANGLE .ACTOR ANGLE .ACTOR  $# " "#$, " "#,, "" "#"' $ "#,* "$ "# % "#,% "% #+& & "#+* "%' #*) &' "#+& "& #)+ ' "#+" "' #'$ ) "#*% ") #%' * "#)& "* #"* + "#'% "+ # , "#&" ---

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&' 2GS

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" 2g!

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.8RT/ER EAMPLES T/AT S/O1

INCREASED LOADING E..ECTS ON ROPES

S8ITABLE TIMBER PAC2ING

A roe do=led rond a !ha36le or !imilar !mall

diameter 3onne3tion i! onl5 a! !trong a! the !ingle roe The S1L 4or thi! 3ondition 3an =e ta6en 4rom_{ta=le to !ingle !ling ree7ed}

A roe do=led rond an alian3e or load ith a diameter@D e9al to at lea!t ) time! the roe diameter ill 3arr5 a load; on ea3h leg;e9al to the S1L o4 a !ingle 4all#

Thi! method i! not re3ommended 4or general li4ting; =t ma5 =e !ed 4or light load! !3h a! la3ing =lo36!# The roe ill onl5 3arr5 hal4 it(! normal load =e3a!e o4 do=ling throgh the e5e#

An endle!! !ling ree7ed ith a 3ho6e angle  to "$ill 3arr5 ti3e the load o4 a !ingle !ling ree7ed#