Name: Mark: /50 Date:
Cell Structure and Molecules of Life Unit Test
Part I – Cell Structure and Function
1. In the diagram below macromolecules are being transported to the exterior of a cell.
What is the name of this process?
A. Exocytosis B. Pinocytosis C. Endocytosis D. Phagocytosis
2. What is essential for diffusion?
A. A concentration gradient
B. A selectively permeable membrane
C. A source of energy
D. A protein
3. The following organelle produces ATP energy in the cell:
A. chloroplast B. vacuole C. mitochondria D. golgi apparatus
4, 5, 6, 7.) Identify the following two equations associated with the cell’s function and explain where they occur. (4 marks)
Carbohydrate + oxygen carbon dioxide + water + energy
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Light energy + carbon dioxide + water carbohydrate + oxygen
8, 9. Outline two differences in animal and plant cells. (2 marks)
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10, 11, 12, 13.) Label The Following Diagram: (Look Carefully at Z)
W-____________________________ X- ___________________________
Y-_____________________________ Z-___________________________
14.) Which of the following organelles is correctly matched with its product? A. nucleolus – DNA
B. mitochondria – protein C. Golgi apparatus – ATP
D. smooth endoplasmic reticulum - lipids
15.Which organelles are found in greater amounts in a cell that produces enzymes for the digestion of starches?
a. Golgi apparatus and nuclei
16.During the metamorphosis from tadpole to frog, which of the following organelles would cause the cells of the tail of a tadpole to be broken down and digested?
a. ribosomes b. lysosomes c. Golgi bodies
d. endoplasmic reticulum
17.Which of the following MOST correctly identifies the sequence of organelles involved in the secretion of a protein?
a. ribosome, Golgi apparatus, vesicle, rough ER, cell membrane b. ribosome, rough ER, Golgi apparatus, vesicle, cell membrane c. Rough ER, ribosome, vesicle, Golgi apparatus, cell membrane d. cell membrane, vesicle, ribosome, rough ER, Golgi apparatus
State one function for each of the following organelles. ( 6 marks)
18.) Vacuole
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19.) Rough endoplasmic reticulum
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20.) Golgi apparatus
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21.) Smooth endoplasmic reticulum
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22.) Lysosomes
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23.) Chloroplasts
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Part II – Molecules of Life
24. The weak attraction that occurs between water molecules is a/an:
25. If sodium hydroxide (NaOH) is added to a beaker of water:
A. the solution becomes basic
B. there are more OH- ions present than H+ C. the pH rises
D. all of the above
26. A substance that prevents large changes in the pH of a solution is:
A. DNA B. Water C. A buffer D. An enzyme
27. The pH of stomach acid is about 2. The pH of bleach is about 9. Which of the following statements is correct?
A. Stomach acid is 10 000 000 times more acidic than bleach. B. Stomach acid is 10 000 000 times more basic than bleach. C. Stomach acid is 7 times more acidic than bleach.
D. Stomach acid is 7 times more basic than bleach.
28. Which of the following is not a polymer?
A. Starch B. An enzyme C. Glucose D. Glycogen
29. What is the name of the bond joining amino acids?
A. Peptide B. Hydrogen C. Ionic D. Disulfide
30. What is the ratio of hydrogen to oxygen molecules in a carbohydrate?
31. Polymers are formed from monomers in a reaction called:
A. neutralization
B. dehydration synthesis C. hydrolysis
D. oxidation
32. How many double bonds are there between carbon atoms in a saturated fatty acid? A. 0
B. 1 C. 2
D. more than 2
33. In the human body, steroid molecules can act as: A. Buffers
B. Vacuoles C. Hormones D. Coenzymes
34. Which of the following is made up of glucose molecules?
A. Fats B. DNA C. Proteins D. Cellulose
35. Cellulose is a ___________________ made of many ________________.
A. Polypeptide; monomers B. Carbohydrate; fatty acids C. Polymer; glucose molecules D. Protein; amino acids
36. Amino acids are identical in structure except for their:
A. Amino groups B. R – groups C. Peptide bonds
D. Acid (carboxyl) groups
37. Which of the following reactions occurs when glycerol and three fatty acids are formed from a triglyceride?
A. Hydrolysis B. Denaturation
38. What is the composition of the backbone of DNA?
A. Alternating sugar and phosphate molecules B. Complementary base pairs
C. Alternating sugar and base molecules D. A polysaccharide
39. In DNA, which of the following represents a complementary base pair?
A. thymine and guanine B. guanine and cytosine C. adenine and guanine D. uracil and cytosine
40. In the formation of a dipeptide, which of the following is utilized?
I – amino acid II – hydrogen bond
III – condensation synthesis IV – hydrolysis
V – peptide bond
A. I and II B. I, II and IV C. II, III, IV and V D. I, III and V
41. Which of the following is a monomer of starch?
A. monosaccharide B. polysaccharide C. glucose
D. glycogen
42, 43, 44.) Distinguish between the structure of DNA and RNA. What are the three major structural differences? Hint: Think parts and shape (3 Marks)
DNA
1.
2.
3.
RNA
1.
2.
45, 46, 47.) The diagrams below show various molecular structures. CH C C C C C C H H H H H H H N C R C O OH H CH OH
C
H HOH C
C OH H C H OH C H OH O O O OH OH OH OH OH (CH )
3 2 2 n I. III. II. IV. 2
Identify which of the diagrams represent:
(i) the structure of glucose.
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(ii) the structure of amino acids.
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(iii) the structure of fatty acids.
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48. State one type of secondary structure of a protein.
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49, 50.) Briefly outline the difference between globular and fibrous proteins, giving a named example of each. (2 Marks)
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