Table of Contents
•
What is Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG)?
•
Natural gas within the global energy context.
•
The value chain of natural gas.
•
Demand and transport of natural gas.
•
History and advantages of LNG.
1. Liquefied Natural Gas
•
Repsol and Gas Natural Fenosa (GNF): strategic agreements.
2. Our partners
•
Repsol and Gas Natural Fenosa (GNF): strategic agreements.
•
Repsol in the LNG chain.
•
Gas Natural Fenosa in the LNG
chain.
•
What is Stream?
•
Mission and objectives.
•
Positioning of Stream through its partners.
•
Stream in numbers.
•
Stream's information channels.
3. Stream
Liquefied Natural
Gas
Liquefied Natural Gas
• What is Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG)?
Natural gas is one of the cleanest and most environmentally-friendly sources of primary energy. It is composed of a group of hydrocarbons; methane, ethane, propane, butane and some other minor components, of which the main component is methane. It is also an economical and efficient form of energy that is capable of satisfying the demand in the domestic, commercial and industrial sectors.
Potential customers are frequently located far away from production fields. In these cases, transport by gas pipeline is economically inefficient.
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cases, transport by gas pipeline is economically inefficient.
To facilitate transport over large distances, gas is converted to a liquid state by lowering its temperature to -160ºC, which reduces its volume 600 times, once transform into Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) it can be transported at atmospheric pressure on LNG vessels.
When the LNG reaches its destination; the regasification terminals, its temperature is raised to recover its gaseous state, and it is introduced into the gas pipeline networks for distribution.
Liquefied Natural Gas
• Natural gas within the global energy context.
Natural gas is the energy source with the largest mean annual growth
(cagr* = 2% in the 2008-2035 period).
The demand for gas will be determined mostly by its consumption to produce other energies; mainly electricity.
Natural gas increases its weight in the world primary
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Oil
Coal
Gas
Biomass
Nuclear
Source: EIA 2011 * cagr= compound anual growth rateWorld Market
Energy Use
by Fuel Type
Natural gas increases its weight in the world primary
energy matrix (25% by 2035).
Nuclear
Hydro
Other Renewable
27% 33%21%
6% 2%10% 1% Natural Gas2008
22% 27% 25% 7% 3% 12% 4% Coal Oil Gas Nuclear Hydro Biomass Other renewable Gas Natural2035
Liquefied Natural Gas
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Distribution and marketing of natural gas Gas exploration and production Transport by gas pipeline
Gaseous state
• The value chain of natural gas
The natural gas chain consists of this hydrocarbon at different stages; from the time that it
is found in a reserve, until it reaches the final consumer. Depending on how natural gas is
transported, either in a
gaseous or liquid state;
the chain will consist of different stages.
Maritime transport
Liquefaction Regasification
Liquid state
Graphic example of
the value chain of
Liquefied Natural Gas
Maritime transport
Distribution
Production
Upstream Midstream Downstream
Generation and industrial consumption Regasification plant Liquefaction plant Separation process in the field
Liquefied Natural Gas
• Demand and transport of natural gas
Due to the increasing globalization of the world gas market, together
with the improved efficiency of vessel transport, it is estimated that by
2035 LNG trade will represent 42% of gas trade between regions.
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4.500 5.000Bcma
Source: EIA 2011 0 500 1.000 1.500 2.000 2.500 3.000 3.500 4.000 4.5002008
2020
2035
Local Consumption
Pipeline
LNG
79% 14% 7% 77% 74% 15% 15% 8% 11%
Liquefied Natural Gas
Relevant milestones
1964 First liquefaction plant located in Algeria for subsequent marketing in the UK.
1969 First unloading of LNG in Spain
(Barcelona). Liquefaction plant in Kenai (Alaska).
1970s New plants for liquefaction (Libya, UAE, Indonesia and Brunei) and regasification (USA).
The advantages of LNG vs. a gas pipeline
•It allows the reserves which are far away from consumption centres to be financialy viable.
• Increased security of supply
LNG mitigates purchase risk through having various origins/producers.
• Flexibility
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• History and advantages of LNG
Indonesia and Brunei) and regasification (USA).
1980s New liquefaction plants in Australia and Malaysia. Closure of plants in USA.
1990s New LNG producers. Qatar, Trinidad and Nigeria.
2000sLiberalization of European markets. Qatar's mega-trains. Leading role of liquid markets.
Development of new regasification terminals. New off-shore technologies.
It allows access to different markets.
• Costs
LNG transport is more economical over long distances.
km $
2000 4000 6000 8000
LNG Offshore gas
Our
partners
Our partners
Repsol and Gas Natural are both present in the entire value chain of natural gas. To take
advantage of the synergies between them, they are signing the following agreements for:
Upstream
Management revolves
around joint ventures
2
• Repsol and Gas Natural: Strategic agreements
1. New Upstream projects
Liquefaction Exploration and Production LNG Marketing and Trading Maritime transport
around joint ventures
or liquefaction
companies between:
Midstream
Management revolves around a
50% joint venture between Repsol
and Gas Natural Fenosa, called
Repsol-Gas Natural LNG S.L.:
Our partners
• Repsol in the LNG chain
Atlantic LNG
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1st terminal in Canada. 75% equity. Exclusivity in the utilization of the capacity. Terminal with Canaport
Canaport
Liquefaction plant Regasification terminal
Closest supplier to USA in operation. Liquefaction capacity of 20.7 Bcma (Repsol: 23%) Off-take of 4.1 Bcma.
LNG vessels
capacity. Terminal with approximately 10 Bcma of regasification capacity. Status: In operation from 2009.
Peru LNG
First Liquefaction plant in Latin America (100% Repsol off-take, 5.8 Bcma). Status: In operation from 2010. Peru LNG
Our partners
2
• Gas Natural Fenosa in the LNG chain
Spain Italy
~25 Bcma of NG/LNG to satisfy
downstream needs, mainly from Trinidad & Tobago, Norway, North and West Africa and Middle East.
Two regasification terminals in Italy (8Bcma each): •Trieste: main Environmental permits obtained. •Taranto: permitting stage. Trieste Taranto Italy: 0.4 million customers Oman Liquefaction 25% of total reserved regasification capacity. Puerto Rico
LNG
vessels
Cartagena Huelva Barcelona Spain: 5.2 million customers Bilbao ReganosaEcoEléctrica: 50% Gas Natural Fenosa. (CCGT +
Regasification Terminal with 1 x 160,000 m3tanks, integrated
with CCGT 540 MW Power Generation Plant and
desalination unit. 100% rights of future regasification expansion. Puerto Rico Sagunto Oman Liquefaction Plant (7.36% UFG) Egypt Liquefaction Plant (80%UFG).
Stream
Stream
Repsol - Gas Natural LNG is a joint venture company between Repsol (50%) and GasNatural
SDG(50%). It was created in 2005 and focuses on the supply, transport, wholesale marketing and
trading of LNG.
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• What is Stream?
Stream
3
•
Maximize the value of the partners' contracts through efficient management and marketing.
•
Facilitate access by the partners to LNG supply sources, as well as strategic markets.
•
Fleet management efficiency, thereby maximizing its level of utilization.
• Mission and objectives
Efficient
management of
the partners'
portfolio of LNG
contracts.
Provide the
partners with the
LNG volume that
they need to
develop their
markets and
projects.
LNG Marketing
of the integrated
projects in which
the partners may
have a
shareholding.
Fleet
management
according to
the partners'
needs.
Support the
partners in
developing new
integrated and
regasification
projects.
Basic objectives
Stream
Canaport
Italy
Spain China /
Stream is one of the main LNG operators in the world thanks to its partners' positioning.
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• Positioning of Stream through its partners
France Middle East Atlantic LNG Southern USA Mexico P. Rico Spain West Africa Peru LNG China / Japan / Korea Libya Supply point Delivery point
Stream
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• Stream in numbers
~
24 Bcma.
Managed
LNG
volume
17 LNG vessels: 2,307.0 m
3Size flexibility: 71,500-173,800 m
3.
Approximately 90 professionals.
Fleet
Staff
Stream
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• Stream's information channels
Web page
www.streamlng.com
Contact
[email protected]
Address
Avenida de América, 38, floors 11 and 12
28028 Madrid - Spain
Telephone
+34 91 589 9857
Fax
Fleet
Fleet managed by Stream
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4
Castillo de Villalba
Fleet managed by Stream
Catalunya Spirit
4
SCF Arctic
SCF Polar
Fleet managed by Stream
SCF Arctic
SCF Polar
4
Bilbao Knutsen
Hispania Spirit
Madrid Spirit
Fleet managed by Stream
Bilbao Knutsen
Hispania Spirit
4
Barcelona Knutsen
Fleet managed by Stream
Barcelona Knutsen
4
Castillo de Santisteban
Fleet managed by Stream
Thank you
visit
www.streamlng.com
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