Performance Behaviour of Static Sensor Nodes Using AODV and DSR

International Journal of Emerging Technology and Advanced Engineering

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Performance Behaviour of Static Sensor Nodes Using

AODV and DSR

Manas Ranjan Katual

, Subhash Chander Sharma

, Dambarudhar Seth

PG Student, KIIT University, INDIA

2_{Asso. Prof., IIT ROORKEE, INDIA}

Asso. Prof., KIIT University, INDIA

1_{[email protected]}

2_{[email protected]}

3_{[email protected]}

Abstract— Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) Consisting of Spatially Circulated independent devices called Sensor node. These devices are used to calculate a variety of environmental changes. In this Paper the performance and behavior of Quality of Service (QoS) parameters of WSN using AODV and DSR protocols and Path loss model Two Ray and Free Space has been used for analysis. The results are computed varying protocol with different path loss model. The simulation has been carried out using QualNet 5.0.2

Keywords— WSN, Static Sensor, AODV, DSR, QualNet

I. INTRODUCTION

Recently, the demands for the use of computer, communication, and electronics devices have been increased exponentially with development of new computer network technology and electronics devices many of these applications [1] require the use of wireless sensor technology, which is the combination of computer network technology plus electronics devices. The electronics devices which are used in the wireless sensor technology are known as sensor nodes. These sensor nodes typically consist of sensor, transceiver, microprocessor, memory, battery, and actuator. To measure the environmental conditions such as temperature, pressure, sound, vibration and natural disaster, these autonomous devices are typically spatially distributed in an area. In case of an event, the sensor converts any physical phenomenon into an electrical signal while the actuator does the reverse. The transceiver is a combination of transmitter and receiver, which is used to transmit and receive signal and the memory, is used to store the data.

The wireless sensor network (WSN) is a multi-hop communication network, where hop-to-hop communication is not possible. A source node near to sink node transmit the information directly whereas, a sensing node which is far away from the sink node transmit through intermediate nodes or data forwarding node until it reached the destination[2]. The sink node is directly connected to the internet or satellite which is working like a gateway of the network. Due to small size, low cost the smart sensors (Micro-Electro-Mechanical-System) are used very often now-a-days compares to conventional sensor nodes [3]. In a WSN all the important functions such as frequency selection, carrier frequency generation, modulation and lastly data encryption were done in physical layer [2]. The WSN applications are broadly classified into two categories such as, monitoring and tracking. Most notable applications of WSN are in the field of military, environmental, agriculture, health, and ecology [1].

II. CHALLANGES AND RESEARCH ISSUES IN WSN

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To enhance the coverage problem sensor should be deploy in fine method [8]. These are the investigate area otherwise issue which directly bang on the network life time, connectivity, security and network coverage.

III. RELATED WORK

The routing protocols that have been used in the wireless Ad hoc network were also used in WSN [9-10]. The performance evaluation of WSN was carried out to find the packet dropped, packet delay and packet delivery ratio using simulator NS.2.26 [11]. Comparison between the

Routing with error reporting protocol (RERP) and Ad hoc

on demand distance vector (AODV) for packet transmission, energy Consumption and fault tolerance was analyzed using NS2.34 simulator [12]. The performance analysis of the dynamic mobile wireless sensor networks (DMWSN) has been reported using Dynamic Source Routing (DSR), AODV and DREAM [13]. Furthermore, the energy consumption and packet delivery ratio of

AODV and HYBRID ADHOC ON DEMAND

DISTANCE VECTOR (HAODV) has been reported using NS 2.34 network simulator [14]. Using Qualnet, the no of packets received and sends and the throughput of AODV routing protocol was determined [15]. In the present research, the same simulator Qualnet is used to compare AODV and DSR with different path loss model.

IV. PERFORMANCE AND BEHAVOIR

The simulation environment is carried out by four scenarios on Quannet Graphical User Interface (GUI).The four scenarios are divided into two cases. For first case performance is carried out with two dissimilar Scenarios through AODV in addition to Two Ray Path Loss Model in opposition to DSR plus Free Space Path Loss Model. While in favor of Second Case the performance carried out with AODV along with Free Space Path loss model against DSR and Two Ray Path Loss Model. For different scenario different numbers of sensor nodes are taken. The details of the parameter, that are used in the above scenario is mention the table-I.These sensor nodes are put in a 1500*1500 meter plane surface. For evaluating the effect of QoS variation on different protocol and path loss model are analyze. The protocol evaluations are based on the simulation using Qualnet 5.0.2

TABLE I

SIMULATION ENVIRONMENT

Experiment Name Qualnet 5.0.2

Area 1500*1500 meter

Simulation time 500 sec

Channel Frequency 2.4 GH

Path loss Model Two Ray/ Free Space

Modulation Scheme OQPSK

Antenna Model Omni directional

Energy Model Mica Motes

Mac Protocol 802.15.4

Mobility Static

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V.RESULTS

Case-1: The first scenario is carried out using 14 sensor nodes with routing protocol AODV plus Two Ray path loss model. Second scenario is carried out with 15 sensor nodes. The different is at this time routing protocol DSR plus Free Space path loss model rest of parameters are same as declare in the table.

PACKET TRANSMITTED AODV VS DSR

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 0

100 200 300 400

PACKET TRANSM

ITTED

NO OF NODE

AODV DSR

Fig.2 Packet Transmitted

PACKET RECEIVED AODV VS DSR

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 0

200 400 600 800 1000 1200 1400 1600 1800 2000 2200 2400 2600 2800 3000 3200

PACKET RECIEVE

D

NO OF NODE

AODV DSR

Fig.3 Packet Received

PACKET DROPPED AODV VS DSR

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 0

100 200 300 400

PACKET DROPPED

NO OF NODE

AODV DSR

Fig.4 Packet Dropped

From the simulation it has been observed that transmitted packet is same for both scenarios. The packet receive at the receiver end is different for AODV and DSR, from the graph it is observed that AODV with scenario at location node-7, node-9 and node-14 only transmitted packet there is no received of any packet which is the primary requirement of the network. The Packet dropped is extra when use DSR plus Free Space path loss model Compare to AODV plus Two Ray so for most of the time AODV plus Two Ray Path loss model perform better compare to DSR plus Free Space path loss model.

Case-2:

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PACKET TRANSMITTED AODV VS DSR

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 0

100 200 300 400

PACKET TREA

NSMITTED

NO OF NODE

AODV DSR

Fig.5 Packet Transmitted

PACKET RECEIVED AODV VS DSR

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 0

500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000

PACKET RECEIVE

D

NO Of NODE

AODV DSR

Fig.6 Packet received

PACKET DROPPED AODV VS DSR

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 0

100 200 300 400

PACKET DROPPED

NO OF NODE

AODV DSR

Fig.7 Packet Dropped

From the simulation it was observed that the transmitted packet is same for both scenarios. The packet receive at the receiver end is different for AODV and DSR, from the graph it was observed DSR use scenario at position node-12, and node-14 only transmitted packet there is no received of any packet which is the primary requirement of the network. The Packet dropped is more when are using AODV plus Free Space path loss model Compare to DSR plus Two Ray.

VI.CONCLUSION

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References

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[9]Johnson, D.B, Maltz, D.A., Dynamic Source routing in adhoc Wireless networks, in: T.Imielinski, H.Korth (Eds.), Mobile Computing, Kluwer Academic Publishers.PP. 153-181, 1996

[10]Perkins C., B.-R.E., and D.S. (2003), ―Ad hoc on Demand Distance Vector routing‖, Request for Comments (Proposed Standard) 3561, Internet Engineering Task Force, http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc3561.txt? Number=3561

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