Data Visualization and Data Mining

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Data Visualization and Data Mining

Jürgen

Jürgen Symanzik Symanzik

Utah State University, Logan, UT Utah State University, Logan, UT

*e-mail:

*e-mail: symanzik@ [email protected] WWW: http://www.math.

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Visual Data Mining

n

Working Definition:

_{Working Definition:}

–

– Find structure (cluster, unusual observations) inFind structure (cluster, unusual observations) in large and not necessarily homogeneous

large and not necessarily homogeneous data sets using graphical methods and data sets using graphical methods and user interaction

user interaction –

– Goal or expected outcome of explorationGoal or expected outcome of exploration usually unknown in advance

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The Software:

XGobi

Swayne

Swayne, Cook and , Cook and Buja Buja

•

• Interactive environment for exploring multivariate dataInteractive environment for exploring multivariate data *

*Linked views allow Linked views allow ``linked brushing’’``linked brushing’’ *

*UnivariateUnivariate, , Bivariate Bivariate and Multivariate views of the dataand Multivariate views of the data *

*Grand tourGrand tour *

*Wide variety of methodsWide variety of methods *

*Open sourceOpen source *

*FreeFree •

• CaveatsCaveats *

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The Software:

ExplorN

Carr,

Carr, WegmanWegman, , Luo Luo

•

• Interactive environment for exploring Interactive environment for exploring multivariate data (similar to

multivariate data (similar to XGobiXGobi)) *

*Advanced Parallel Advanced Parallel CoordinatesCoordinates Displays Displays *

*3D Surfaces3D Surfaces *

*Stereoscopic DisplaysStereoscopic Displays •

*Only on SGI platformsOnly on SGI platforms *

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The Software:

ArcView

ESRI

ESRITMTM •

• Desktop Desktop GIS GIS with wide range of viewingwith wide range of viewing and data manipulation functions

and data manipulation functions

*

*Editing featuresEditing features *

*Query operationsQuery operations *

*Map displayMap display *

*Interactive interfaceInteractive interface *

*High level internal scripting languageHigh level internal scripting language •

• ArcView ArcView has a wide user basehas a wide user base •

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The Software:

XploRe

_XploRe

Härdle

Härdle, , KlinkeKlinke, et al., et al.

•

• Statistical Computing EnvironmentStatistical Computing Environment *

*Built in set of statistical methodsBuilt in set of statistical methods *

*High level programming languageHigh level programming language *

*Highly Interactive GraphicsHighly Interactive Graphics *

*Built in editors for data and programsBuilt in editors for data and programs *

*High level help systemHigh level help system •

• CaveatsCaveats •

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The

ArcView

_ArcView

/

_/

XGobi

_XGobi

/

_/

XploRe

_XploRe

Link

_Link

n

Links these 3 packages using

_{Links these 3 packages using}

RPCs

_RPCs

n

Remote Procedure Calls (RPCs

Remote Procedure Calls (

RPCs):

):

–

– Process on the local system (client) invokes aProcess on the local system (client) invokes a procedure on a remote system (server)

procedure on a remote system (server) –

– Request = client’s desire to execute a particularRequest = client’s desire to execute a particular remote procedure

remote procedure –

– Response = result produced by the remoteResponse = result produced by the remote procedure

procedure

n

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Tools: Linked Brushing 1

XGobi

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Tools: Linked Brushing 2

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Tools: Parallel Coordinate Plots

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Tools:

Scatterplot

_Scatterplot

Matrix

_Matrix

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Applications

n

Environmental Data

_{Environmental Data}

n

Remote Sensing

n

Archaeological Data

n

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Environmental Data

XGobi

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Remote Sensing

(16)

Archaeological Data 1

(17)

Archaeological Data 2

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Human Motion Data 1

(19)

Human Motion Data 2

(20)

IPT / CAVE /

(21)

CAVE Concept

n

_{A Projection-based Immersive}

_{A Projection-based}

_{Immersive VR System}

_{VR System}

–

– Silicon Graphics-based with 8 to 12 processorsSilicon Graphics-based with 8 to 12 processors –

– RERE2 2 _{or RE Infinity graphics engines}_{or RE Infinity graphics engines}

–

– CRT-based projection systemCRT-based projection system –

– StereographicsStereographics Crystal Eyes shutter glasses Crystal Eyes shutter glasses –

– Head trackingHead tracking –

– Usually 3 to 5 wall cubeUsually 3 to 5 wall cube

n

_{Developed originally at U. Illinois, Chicago}

–

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Statistics in the C2 - 1

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Statistics in the C2 - 2

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Statistics in the C2 - 3

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CAVE Strengths

n

_{Effective immersive}

_Effective

_{immersive environment}

_environment

–

– Lightweight non-intrusive glassesLightweight non-intrusive glasses –

– Can see own hands and other participantsCan see own hands and other participants

n

_{Effective for group VR}

–

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CAVE Weaknesses 1

n

_{CRT Projectors}

–

– Projectors not very brightProjectors not very bright –

– Shock, vibration & heat, hard to keep focusShock, vibration & heat, hard to keep focus –

– Geometric distortion at wall interfacesGeometric distortion at wall interfaces

n

_Tracking

–

– One user tracked, badly distorted stereo forOne user tracked, badly distorted stereo for users not at viewpoint

users not at viewpoint

n

_{User Interface}

–

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CAVE Weaknesses 2

n

_Expensive

–

– $1,000,000 fully outfitted$1,000,000 fully outfitted –

– $600,000+ SGI computers$600,000+ SGI computers –

(28)

Motivation for

MiniCAVE

_MiniCAVE

n

n Installed MATLAB 5 on SGI Onyx and Pentium_{Installed MATLAB 5 on SGI Onyx and Pentium}

–

– Benchmarks on 200 megahertz Pentium Pro ($3000)Benchmarks on 200 megahertz Pentium Pro ($3000) and 200 megahertz SGI Onyx ($120,000) similar

and 200 megahertz SGI Onyx ($120,000) similar

n

n Liquid Crystal Projectors sharp, bright, and stable_{Liquid Crystal Projectors sharp, bright, and stable} under shock, vibration and temperature variation under shock, vibration and temperature variation

n

n StereographicsStereographics Crystal Eyes technology available Crystal Eyes technology available for Windows NT

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MiniCAVE

Concept

_Concept

n

_{Windows NT/Intel Pentium II 400 mhz}

_{Windows NT/Intel Pentium II 400}

_mhz

n

LCD-based projection systems

_{LCD-based projection systems}

n

_{12 ft cubes scaled to 6 ft cubes}

n

_{Tracking optional, reduced latency}

n

Voice command metaphor

_{Voice command metaphor}

n

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n

_{Stereo using CrystalEyes}

_{Stereo using}

_CrystalEyes

–

– Above-below stereoAbove-below stereo –

– Image resolution 1024x384 each eyeImage resolution 1024x384 each eye –

– Vertical refresh rate 120-150 (60-75 each eye)Vertical refresh rate 120-150 (60-75 each eye)

n

n SGI monitor can handle both 120 and 150SGI monitor can handle both 120 and 150

n

n CRT projector can only handle 120 refresh rateCRT projector can only handle 120 refresh rate

Data Visualization and Data Mining