Visual Impairment and Blindness 2010
Global
Estimates:
285
million people
are
affected
by
visual
impairment*.
World Population: 6,697M ●Low Vision 246M (86%) ●Blind 39M (14%) ●VI: 285M (4.25%)
80%
of
Visual
Impairment is avoidable
(can be prevented or
cured)
Uncorrected Refractive Error 42% Trachoma 1% Glaucoma 2% Age‐related macular degeneration (AMD) 1% Other causes: 18% Childhood blindness 1% Diabetic Retinopathy 1% Cataract 33% Corneal Opacities 1%
Visual
Impairment
‐
Cataract
‐
Uncorrected Refractive errors
are
the
leading causes
of
Avoidable Visual
Impairment.
Cataract 51% Diabetic Retinopathy 1% Age‐related macular degeneration (AMD) 5% Uncorrected Refractive Error 3% Other causes 21% Trachoma 3% Childhood blindness 4% Glaucoma 8% Corneal Opacities 4%
Blindness
‐
Unoperated Cataract and
‐
Glaucoma
are
the
leading causes
of
Visual Impairment and Blindness 2010
Global
Estimates:
285
million people
are
affected
by
visual
impairment.
The
geographical
distribution
of
Visual
Impairment
is
uneven
in
the
world.
2.5% 2.6% 3.2% 2.9% 4.1% 2.8% 5.0% 4.6% 0.7% 0.4% 0.8% 0.3% 0.7% 0.5% 0.6% 0.7% 0% 1% 2% 3% 4% 5% 6%
AFR AMR EMR EUR SEAR‐{India} WPR‐{China} China India
Prevalence of VI per 100 pop
Prevalence of Vision Loss (all ages) Prevalence of blindness (all ages)
It
is
estimated
that
in
the
next
9
years
the
number
of
blind
people
aged
50
+
will
grow
in
all
WHO
Regions;
particularly
in:
•
China
•
India
•
South
‐
East
Asia
•
Eastern
‐
Mediterranean
unless
action
is
taken
to
prevent
and
cure
main
causes
of
visual
impairments
‐ 1,000 2,000 3,000 4,000 5,000 6,000 7,000 8,000 9,000 2010 2012 2014 2016 2018 2019 Po pul at io n in million s (000'000)
World Population: All Adults (in thousands ) World Population: Persons aged of 50 or more years old (in thousands) 1,514 M 7,538 M 6,853 M 1,931 M World Pop 50+ : + 27%
World
Pop
:
+
10%
By
2019
the
world
population
will
grow
to
7,5
billion
(10%)
0 2 4 6 8 10 12AFR AMR EMR EUR SEAR‐{India} WPR‐{China} China India
Blind people aged of 50 or more years in 2010 ('000)
*2019 projections assume constant ratio between population and VI prevalence rates
Millions
In the Low and Middle Income countries group the prevalence of VI
prevalence is higher
Higher
countries/regions
investments
in
health
correspond
to
lower
prevalence
of
visual
impairment.
AFR: 5.21% AMR: 3.60% EMR: 6% EUR: 3.63% SEAR‐{India}: 6.36% WPR‐{China}: 4.07% China: 6.50% India: 7.25% y = 0.0736x‐0.248 0% 1% 2% 3% 4% 5% 6% 7% 8% ‐ 5 10 15 20 25 *Prevalence of VI for adultsTotal expenditure on health per capita (hundreds US Dollars, PPP int.)
Prevalence of VI for adults from 15 years old Power (Prevalence of VI for adults from 15 years old)
5.22% 4.73% 4.25% 3.99% 0% 1% 2% 3% 4% 5% 6%
Low income Lower middle income Upper middle income High income
Prevalence of VI for adults 15+ years per 100 (2010)
Socio
‐
economic
development,
Investment
in
health
and
visual
impairments
Indicators
Sources
•
Visual
Impairment,
Vision
Loss
and
Blindness
2010
global
estimates,
and
VI
and
blindness
causes.
Mariotti
S.,
and
Pascolini
D.,
Global
Data
on
Visual
Impairments
2010,
WHO
2010.
•
World
Population
estimates
and
projections.
2011
Revision.
United
Nations,
Department
of
Economic
and
Social
Affairs,
Population
Division,
World
Population
Prospects:
the
2011
Revision.
•
Total
per
capita
expenditure
on
health
‐
PPP
int.
$
‐
(WHO
2008
estimates):
data
available
at
http://apps.who.int/gho/data/view.main
.
•
World
Bank
Classification
of
world
economies
by
income
groups
2012
: Based
on
2011
GNI
per
capita.
Accessed
online
December
2012
at
http://data.worldbank.org/about/country
‐
classifications
•
GDP
per
capita
‐
PPP
int.
$
‐
,
2013
‐
2017
projections:
International
Monetary
Fund,
World
Economic
Outlook
Database,
April
2012.
Accessed
online
on
December
2012
at:
http://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/weo/2012/02/weodata/index.asp
•
Visual
Impairment,
Vision
Loss
and
Blindness
2010
projections:
calculated
from
VI
global
2010
Estimates
taking
into
account
population
growth,
and
ageing
(UNDP
2011
estimates),
and
with
constant
prevalence
over
the
period
2010
‐
2019.
Maps Sources and Considerations
•
Map 1: Prevalence of people (all ages) with VI per 100population.
•
Map 2:Population of blind people 50 or more years old inthousands (‘000).
Data Source: WHO Visual Impairment and Blindness global estimates.
Map Production: Prevention of Blindness and Deafness unit
WHO All rights Reserved
Disclaimer: The boundaries and names shown and the designations used on this map do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the World Health Organization concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. Dotted and dashed lines on maps represent approximate border lines for which there may not yet be full agreement.
