^aedf bh Jbktfkts
GK^UBNVJ^GBK
5
JCA_^FU 19 UAJFZ & EDBBNDGKFZ
JCA_^FU 19 UAJFZ & EDBBNDGKFZ
JAG^GHHZ
:
CVMAKZ
>
XAM_GUFZ
6
ZZAMG^FZ
8
EUVIAC
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HBDDB\FUZ
BH
ZF^
3
LAKLUFD
7
LGBXAKKG
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DBZAMEUA
11
MAD@AXGAKZ
15
KBZHFUA^V
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XKBZ
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^BUFANBU
16
^UFMFUF
^YGMGZJF
18
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XFK^UVF
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JCA_^FU 59 JDAZZFZ & AUJCF^W_FZ
JCA_^FU 59 JDAZZFZ & AUJCF^W_FZ
Z^AKNAUN
JDAZZFZ
17
JDAZZ
AUJCF^W_FZ
5?
MBK@9 \AW BH JFDFUG^W 51
ZBUJFUFU9
XG^AF BUGLGK 55
JCA_^FU :9 EAJ@LUBVKNZ & ^UAG^Z
JCA_^FU :9 EAJ@LUBVKNZ & ^UAG^Z
EAJ@LUBVKNZ
5:
EVUFAVJUAJW
5:
HGKAKJF
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CFAD^C
56
GKNVZ^UW
56
MFNGA
58
CVMAKG^W
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MBUADG^W
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NGAEDFUGF
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JB_WUGLC^ GKHBUMA^GBK
Bpfk Lamf Dgjfksf v 1.?a Jbpyrglct 5???, \gzarns bh tcf Jbast, Gkj.
Zystfm Ufhfrfkjf Nbjumfkt 6.? Jbpyrglct 5?18, \gzarns bh tcf Jbast, Gkj.0 Autcbrs Mg`f Mfards, Ifrfmy Jrawhbrn, Jcrgs _fr`gks, Ubnkfy ^cbmpsbk,
_ftfr Dff, Iamfs \ya, Ubefrt I. Zjcwade, Erujf U. Jbrnfdd, Jcrgs Zgms, akn Ztfvf ^bwkscfkn, easfn
bk brglgkad matfrgad ey F. Lary Lylax akn Navf Arkfsbk.
\cgtf \bdh Gktfddfjtuad _rbpfrty
Add rglct, tgtdf akn gktfrfst, gkjdungkl jbpyrglct, gk tcf Zfrvgjf, akn tcf Jbktfkt arf bwkfn ey \cgtf \bdh, br gts dgjfksbrs br btcfr rfspfjtgvf bwkfrs. Add
rglcts rfsfrvfn.
\cgtf \bdh, akn jfrtagk rfdatfn kamfs akn dblbs arf rflgstfrfn akn/br ukrflgstfrfn tranfmar`s, sfrvgjf
mar`s akn/br tranf kamfs bh \cgtf \bdh _uedgscgkl AE. ^cgs akn add btcfr tranfmar`s, sfrvgjf mar`s, akn tranf kamfs (tcf —Mar`s”) arf prbprgftary rglcts bwkfn ey \cgtf \bdh br btcfr rfspfjtgvf bwkfrs tcat cavf lraktfn \cgtf \bdh tcf rglct akn dgjfksf tb usf
GK^UBNVJ^GBK
GK^UBNVJ^GBK
—Kb bkf cbdns jbmmakn bvfr mf. Kb mak. Kb Lbn.
Kb _rgkjf. \cat gs a jdagm bh alf hbr bkfs wcb arf
gmmbrtad2 \cat gs a jdagm bh pbwfr hbr bkfs wcb nfhy
nfatc2 Jadd ybur namkaedf cukt. \f scadd sff wcb G
nral sjrfamgkl tb Cfdd wgtc mf.”
„ Lôktfr Nørk, Nasa Vklfcfufr Nargk
XAM_GUF9 ^CF MAZQVFUANF
XAM_GUF9 ^CF MAZQVFUANF
Xampgrf9 ^cf Masqufranf gs a taedftbp rbdf-pdaygkl
lamf (taedftbp U_L) jrfatfn ey Mar` Ufgk-Calfk akn rfdfasfn gk 1771 ey \cgtf \bdh _uedgscgkl as tcf rst bh sfvfrad Ztbrytfddfr Zystfm lamfs hbr gts
\brdn bh Nar`kfss sfgkl dgkf. Gt‗s sft gk a jtgbkadgzfn
—lbtcgj-puk`” vfrsgbk bh tcf mbnfrk wbrdn, wcfrf pdayfrs assumf tcf rbdfs bh vampgrfs, wcb arf rfhfrrfn tb as —@gknrfn”, akn nfad wgtc tcfgr kglct-tb-kglct strulldfs alagkst t cfgr bwk efstgad katurfs, vampgrf cuktfrs akn fajc btcfr.
Zfvfrad assbjgatfn prbnujts wfrf prbnujfn easfn
bkX9 ^M , gkjdungkl dgvf-ajtgbk rbdf-pdaygkl lamfs
( Mgkn‗s Fyf ^cfatrf) , ngjf, jbddfjtgedf jarn lamfs
(Xampgrf9 ^cf Ftfrkad Ztrulldf), vgnfb lamfs (Xampgrf9
^cf Masqufranf ‚ Ufnfmptgbk aknXampgrf9 ^cf
Masqufranf ‚ Edbbndgkfs), akn kumfrbus kbvfds. Gk
1778, a scbrt-dgvfn tfdfvgsgbk scbw dbbsfdy easfn bk tcf lamf, @gknrfn9 ^cf Fmerajfn, was prbnujfn ey Aarbk Zpfddgkl hbr tcf Hbx Erbanjastgkl Jbmpaky.
Xampgrf was kbtaedy kfw gk maky rfspfjts. Gt was
jbkjfgvfn as a nar`, mbbny ureak haktasy lamf wgtc a ukgquf lbtcgj hffd car`fkgkl eaj` bh ^ZU‗s
Uavfkdbht. Gt wbudn adsb ef tcf rst bh a sfrgfs bh dgk`fn
lamfs scargkl tcf samf lamf wbrdn. Gts jbktfkt was adsb kbvfd, as tcf lamf hbjusfn bk pdbts, gktrgluf akn stbry as bppbsfn tb mbrf straglcthbrwarn nuklfbk sjfkargbs. \cgdf tcf U_L gknustry gk lfkfrad trfknfn tbwarn a mbrf karratgvf apprbajc, Xampgrf was bkf bh tcf rst lamfs bh gts `gkn tb jfktfr bk tcfsf tcgkls.
Cbrrbr lamfs can trangtgbkaddy effk a tbulc sfdd gk tcf U_L gknustry, eut Xampgrf gkjdunfn fdfmfkts tcat manf gt a nar` supfrcfrb lamf ratcfr tcak purfdy a cbrrbr lamf. Ak fxtfksgvf dgst bh erban supfrkaturad pbwfrs, jaddfn ngsjgpdgkfs, wcgjc gkjdunfn supfrgbr strfkltc, spffn akn tbulckfss, as wfdd as btcfr pbwfrs sujc as mystgj sfksfs, mgkn jbktrbd akn edbbn malgj, lavf tcf pdayfr jcarajtfrs a mbrf supfr-cumak ratcfr tcak cbrrbr hffd. ^cf 1: jdaks annfn datf gk tcf nfvfdbpmfkt prbjfss prbvgnfn a mujc kffnfn jcarajtfr jdass-dg`f systfm easfn bk vampgrgj arjcftypfs, prbvgkl pbpudar wgtc pdayfrs.
N&N 6F JBKXFUZGBK
N&N 6F JBKXFUZGBK
Gk Iakuary 5?15, \gzarns bh tcf Jbast akkbukjfn tcat a kfw fngtgbk bh tcf tcf pbpudarNuklfbks & Nralbks
lamf, at tcf tgmf rfhfrrfn tb asN&N Kfxt , was uknfr nfvfdbpmfkt. Gk ngrfjt jbktrast tb tcf prfvgbus fngtgbks bh tcf lamf,N&N Kfxtwas nfvfdbpfn partdy vga a puedgj bpfk pdaytfst. _uedgj pdaytfstgkl eflak bk May 5>, 5?15, wgtc tcf kad pdaytfst paj`ft
rfdfasfn bk Zfptfmefr 5?, 5?1:.
Mfjcakgjaddy, 6tc fngtgbk nraws cfavgdy bk prgbr fngtgbks, wcgdf gktrbnujgkl sbmf kfw mfjcakgjs gktfknfn tb sgmpdghy fasf bh pday. Ajtgbks arf kbw mbrf nfpfknfkt bk jcfj`s manf wgtc tcf sgx jbrf aegdgtgfs wgtc s`gdds ta`gkl a mbrf suppbrtgvf rbdf. ^cgs ebb` gs ak ukbjgad akn cbmferfw anaptatgbk
bhXampgrf9 ^cf Masqufranf gktb tcf N&N 6F systfm.
Efjausf tcf twb lamf systfms arf mfjcakgjaddy vfry ngfrfkt, gt gs kbt gktfktfn tb ef a ngrfjt traksdatgbk. Uatcfr gs gs mfakt tb prbvgnf a ukgquf akn gktfrfstgkl lamf sfgkl easfn gk a rgjcdy-fstaedgscfn wbrdn bh vampgrfs, mbkstfrs, malgj, akn gktrgluf.
JAG^GHHZ
JAG^GHHZ
Gk a wbrdn bh nar`kfss, wcfrf vampgrfs akn cumaks walf a sfjrft war alagkst bkf akbtcfr, tcfrf arf tcbsf wcb wad` wgtcgk ebtc wbrdns. \cftcfr tcrbulc wfa` vampgrf edbbn br sbmf ukcbdy aebmgkatgbk, tcfsf cadh-erffns bhtfk kn tcfmsfdvfs butjasts gk a naklfrbus wbrdn at a naklfrbus tgmf.
Ey trangtgbk, vampgrfs ta`f jrfatf jarf akn prgnf gk tcf jrfatgbk bh kfw vampgrfs. ^glctdy rfludatfn akn stfppfn gk rgtuad, tcfsf kfbkatfs arf erbulct up tb sfrvf tcfgr fdnfrs akn magktagk tcf
judturf bh tcf rfspfjtgvf jdaks. ^cf hagdurf tb sfrvf tcfgr edbbn wgtc rfspfjt akn cbkbr was mfat wgtc swght nfstrujtgbk.
^cf jbsmbpbdgtak mbnfm alf cas jcaklfn tcgs fxjdusgvgty, tcbulc, as gt nbfs tb add tcgkls. Kbw vampgrfs arf Fmerajfn adbkl erbanfr dgkfs, akn `kbwdfnlf bh a partgjudar vampgrf‗s jdak nbfs kbt kfjfssargdy ergkl a jbrrfspbkngkl `kbwdfnlf bh tcf gkngvgnuad‗s strfkltcs, wfa`kfssfs akn gktfrfsts. Maky ybukl kfbkatfs, Fmerajfn hbr sbmf pbtfktgad butsgnf bh tcf jdak‗s kbrmad gktfrfsts, rfefd alagkst tcf studtghygkl gkufkjf bh tcf fdnfrs, ta`gkl up caegts akn addgakjfs alagkst add fxpfjtatgbks bh jdak.
Bjjasgbkaddy, sbmf kfw fnldgkls arf
aeaknbkfn ey tcfgr sgrfs, `kbwgkl dgdf bh tcf jdaks br tcf ways bh vampgrgj sbjgfty. ^cfsf jdakdfss, rfhfrrfn tb as Jagtg, arf bhtfk a tcrfat tb tcf Masqufranf, akn tcfy rarfdy survgvf wgtcbut gkstrujtgbk. Zbmf vampgrfs jdagm tcat sujc wfa`-edbbnfn mudfs daj` gnfktghygkl jdak jcarajtfrgstgjs akn upergklgkl, akn tcus, tcfy cfradn tcf jbmgkl Fkn ^gmfs. ^cfsf parakbgn vampgrfs cukt tcf jdakdfss bkfs wcfkfvfr tcfy jak.
\cat tcf purf akn fdgtgst hagd tb rfjblkgzf gs tcf hajt tcat Jagtgs pbssfss sbmftcgkl tcfy nb kbt9 a sbud. ^cbulc turkfn uknfan ey tcfgr sgrfs, tcfy cavf rftagkfn tcfgr cumakgty - tcbulc sbmf arf cappy tb dfavf tcfgr mbrtad vadufs efcgkn. As sujc, tcfy arf jbksgnfrfn ebtc edfssfn akn jursfn, mbkstfrs akn mfk. Gk tcf fkn, add Jagtgs must nfjgnf gh tcfy wgdd lgvf gk tb tcfgr jarkad pbwfrs, br cbdn bktb tcf fssfkjf akn spgrgt tcat bkjf manf tcfm cumak.
JCA_^FU 19 UAJFZ & EDBBNDGKFZ
JCA_^FU 19 UAJFZ & EDBBNDGKFZ
JAG^GHH ^UAG^Z
JAG^GHH ^UAG^Z
Wbur tagktfn edbbn lgvfs ybu a vargfty bh supfrkaturad aegdgtgfs akn strfkltcs.
Aegdgty Zjbrf Gkjrfasf. Wbur Jcargsma sjbrf gkjrfasfs ey 5. Wbu adsb gkjrfasf fgtcfr ybur Ztrfkltc br Nfxtfrgty sjbrf (ybur jcbgjf) ey 1.
Alf. Jagtgs alf as cumaks uktgd tcfy arf Fmerajfn, ahtfr wcgjc tcfy ffjtgvfdy efjbmf gmmbrtad.
Adglkmfkt. Nuf tb tcfgr katurf, tcf vast maibrgty bh Jagtgs gk tcf wbrdn arf fvgd. Cbwfvfr sbmf rfefd br lct alagkst tcfgr uknfan sgrfs, typgjaddy kfutrad gk tcfgr qufst. Btcfrs hbrsa`f tcfgr gkkfr nar`kfss jbmpdftfdy, efjbmgkl jcampgbks bh lbbn ‚ fvfk gh sbjgfty cas trbuedf ajjfptgkl tcfm.
Zgzf. Jagtgs vary gk cfglct gk wfglct, eut rfmagk wgtc kbrmad cumak raklf. Wbur sgzf gs mfngum. Zpffn. Wbur easf wad`gkl spffn gs :? hfft.
Nar`vgsgbk. Wbu cavf supfrgbr vgsgbk gk nar` akn ngm jbkngtgbks. Wbu jak sff gk ngm dglct wgtcgk 8? hfft bh ybu as gh gt wfrf erglct dglct, akn gk nar`kfss as gh gt wfrf ngm dglct. Wbu jak‗t ngsjfrk jbdbr gk nar`kfss, bkdy scanfs bh lray.
Egtf. Wbur haklfn maw gs a katurad wfapbk, wcgjc ybu jak usf tb ma`f ukarmfn strg`fs. Gh ybu cgt wgtc gt, ybu nfad pgfrjgkl namalf fquad tb 1n8 + ybur Ztrfkltc mbngfr, gkstfan bh tcf edunlfbkgkl namalf kbrmad hbr ak ukarmfn strg`f.
Vknfan Gksbdfkjf. Wbu cavf anvaktalf bk savfs alagkst mgkn-afjtgkl spfdds akn pbwfrs bh uknfan. Jursfn Hdfsc. Wbu
arf vudkfraedf tb rf akn rangakt namalf.
CVMAKZ
CVMAKZ
Gt mglct ef suppbsfn hrbm add tcgs tad` tcat tcf @gknrfn arf pbwfrhud fkbulc tb ruk amuj`, tfrrbrgzgkl cumakgty akn usgkl tcf wbrdn as tcfgr pdaylrbukn akn aeabgr. Jfkturgfs alb, jfrtagkdy, vampgrfs wad`fn mbrf bpfkdy ambkl mbrtads, auktgkl tcfgr gmmbrtadgty akn supfrkaturad pbwfrs, akn strftjcgkl ak grbk cakn bvfr tcrbkls bh tfrrgfn mbrtads. ^cfk tcf mbrtads kaddy rfefddfn, turkgkl tcf jbddfjtgvf mglct bh tcf Jcurjc akn cumakgty alagkst tcfgr vampgrgj —dbrns.” Hbr bvfr 5?? yfars, tcf Gkqugsgtgbk cfdn tcf @gknrfn gk tfrrbr, akn gk tcfsf kglcts, kb @gknrfn wcb rfjadds tcbsf tgmfs wgscfs tb sff tcfm jbmf alagk.
Gk tcfsf nays, tcfrf arf nfngjatfn mbrtads wcb arf awarf bh tcf vampgrgj tcrfat akn wcb cukt gt wgtc tcf hfrvbr bh tcfgr mfngfvad prfnfjfssbrs. ^cf mbst kbtaedf brlakgzatgbk bh cuktfrs gs tcf Gkqugsgtgbk, wcgjc easfs gtsfdh gk tcf Jatcbdgj Jcurjc eut cas bpfkfn gtsfdh tb tcbsf bh btcfr nfkbmgkatgbks
rfjfktdy. Akbtcfr, mbrf sjcbdardy lrbup jaddfn tcf Arjakum cas besfrvfn tcf @gknrfn hbr bvfr a jfktury, akn gt scarfs gts `kbwdfnlf bjjasgbkaddy wgtc mbrf —ajtgvf” cuktfrs. Gkngvgnuad cuktfrs, mfk akn wbmfk nrgvfk ey tcfgr `kbwdfnlf bh tcf @gknrfn akn bhtfk tbujcfn ey fxpfrgfkjf, hbddbw pfrsbkad jrusanfs alagkst tcf Namkfn, adtcbulc rfjfkt kglcts cavf sffk tcfsf sbdgtargfs eakn tblftcfr gktb brlakgzfn jfdds. Akn bh jbursf, tcfrf wgdd adways ef kbsy rfpbrtfrs wcb kn tcgkls tcat nbk‗t ann up tb tcfgr dg`gkl, br tcf nftfjtgvfs wcb gksgst bk dfarkgkl tcf trutc efcgkn a sfrgfs bh mystfrgbus nfatcs.
Mbst @gknrfn ybutc sjb at tcf kbtgbk bh wgtjc-cuktfrs efgkl aedf tb sjratjc tcfm, stgdd lgnny wgtc tcfgr bwk pbwfr. Fdnfrs, cbwfvfr, rfjbddfjt tcf kglcts wcfk cumakgty‗s easgdgs` fyf hfdd bk tcfm, akn tcfy hfar sujc a rfturk gk ak fra bh autbmatgj wfapbks, a mbrtad pbpudatgbk gk tcf egddgbks akn wfapbks tcat kbt fvfk a @gknrfn jbudn survgvf.
CVMAK ^UAG^Z
CVMAK ^UAG^Z
Vsf tcf nfhaudt Cumak rajgad tragts, br tcf bptgbkad Xargakt tragts, hbukn gk tcf_dayfr‗s Caknebb`.
XAM_GUFZ
XAM_GUFZ
Xampgrfs cavf effk xturfs gk mytc akn dflfkn sgkjf tgmf gmmfmbrgad. Zbmftgmfs tcfy‗vf effk mbkstrbus jrfaturfs tcat swbbpfn but bh tcf nar`kfss tb ravgsc gkkbjfkt vgrlgks akn stfad eaegfs hrbm tcfgr jrandfs. Btcfr tgmfs tcfy‗vf effk prfnatbrs bh gkjrfngedf efauty akn sfksuadgty, fkjcaktgkl mfk akn wbmfk
adg`f, bfrgkl sfnujtgvf nfatc gk rfturk hbr a dgdf kgp. ^cf vampgrfs bh tcf \brdn bh Nar`kfss arf add tcfsf tcgkls akn mbrf. ^cfrf gs fkbulc aebut tcfm tcat gs sgmgdar tb tcf vampgrfs bh mytc akn jgkfma, eut mbrf tcak fkbulc tcat gs ngfrfkt tb jausf sbmf hatad fr-rbrs hbr wbudn-ef cuktfrs. ^cf @gknrfn, as maky jadd tcfmsfdvfs, arf sfktgfkt, wgtc sbmf hagkt sgmgdargtgfs tb tcfgr mbrtad sfdvfs, eut as ngfrfkt hrbm mbrtads akn mytc as kglct hrbm nay.
^rajgkl tcfgr dgkfalf tcrbulc mgddfkkga eaj` tb dflfknary hbuknfrs, tcf hamgdgfs bh vampgrfs brlakgzf tcfmsfdvfs adbkl tcfgr dgkfs as jdaks ‚ vampgrfs wcb scarf jbmmbk cfrgtalf, aegdgtgfs, akn wfa`kfssfs. Fajc jdak jdagms nfsjfkt hrbm bkf bh tcf kfar-mytcg-jad Aktfngduvgaks0 lraknjcgdnfr bh Jagkf akn prblfkg-tbrs bh tcf vampgrgj rajf. ^cf prfngdfjtgbks akn jursfs bh tcfsf Aktfngduvgaks, gt gs sagn, mar` fajc mfmefr bh tcf jdaks. As a rfsudt, tcf mfmefrs bh lgvfk jdaks bhtfk scarf sgmgdar tastfs akn pbtfktgads.
ADDFLGAKJFZ
ADDFLGAKJFZ
^cf arluaedy mbrad Jamargdda akn nfjgnfndy gmmbr-ad Zaeeat jdagm tcf kfardy fxjdusgvf mfmefrscgp bh jfrtagk dgkfalfs. Ambkl tcf Jamargdda, tcf sgx jdaks bh tcf Eruiac, Mad`avgaks, Kbshfratu, ^brfanbr, ^rfmfrf, akn Xfktruf prfnbmgkatf. Gk tcf Zaeeat, dfanfrscgp akn tcf eud` bh mfmefrscgp gs jdagmfn ey tcf Dbsamera akn tcf ^zgmgsjf, tcbulc a lbbn
pbrtgbk bh tcf sfjt gs manf up bh aktgtrgeu mfmefrs bh btcfr jdaks. ^cf Assamgtfs, Hbddbwfrs bh Zft, Laklrfd, Lgbvakkg, akn Uavkbs arf darlfdy gknfpfknfkt, wgtc tcf maibrgty bh tcfgr gkngvgnuads cbdngkl mfmefrscgp gk kfgtcfr sfjt.
XAM_GUF ^UAG^Z
XAM_GUF ^UAG^Z
Add vampgrfs, rflarndfss bh jdak br edbbndgkf, cavf jfrtagk tragts gk jbmmbk.
Aegdgty Zjbrf Gkjrfasf. Wbur Jbkstgtutgbk sjbrf gkjrfasfs ey 5.
Alf. Kfwdy-fmerajfn vampgrfs arf usuaddy anudts. Xampgrfs arf ffjtgvfdy gmmbrtad, akn earfdy alf as dbkl as tcfy arf wfdd-hfn. Zbmf akjgfkt vampgrfs nb cavf a mgnndf-alfn br fdnfrdy appfarakjf, tcbulc mbst rfmagk dbb`gkl dg`f ybukl anudts.
Zgzf. Wbu rftagk ybur cumak sgzf akn hbrm. Wbur sgzf gs Mfngum.
Zpffn. Wbur easf wad`gkl spffn gs :6 hfft. Egtf. Wbur haklfn maw gs a katurad wfapbk, wcgjc ybu jak usf tb ma`f ukarmfn strg`fs. Gh ybu cgt wgtc gt, ybu nfad pgfrjgkl namalf fquad tb 1n8 + ybur Ztrfkltc mbngfr, gkstfan bh tcf edunlfbkgkl namalf kbrmad hbr ak ukarmfn strg`f.
Edbbn Hfastgkl. Wbu jak spfkn tfk mgkutfs jbksumgkl tcf edbbn bh a dgvgkl cumakbgn, br bkf sdagk wgtcgk tcf past cbur. ^cgs jak ef nbkf as part bh a scbrt br dbkl rfst. Gh tcf vgjtgm gs adgvf akn ukwgddgkl, gt must fgtcfr ef rfstragkfn br gkjapajgtatfn nurgkl tcgs tgmf. Ahtfr hffngkl, ybu rflagk 1 fxpfknfn cgt ngf. Bkjf ybu hffn hrbm tcf tarlft, ybu jakkbt hffn hrbm gt alagk uktgd ybu jbmpdftf a dbkl rfst.
Hrbm tcf Lravf.\cfk ybu arf rfnujfn tb ? cgt pbgkts akn kbt nfstrbyfn butrglct, ybu arf kbt jbksgnfrfn Nygkl. Ahtfr 1 mgkutf, ybu rflagk 1 cgt pbgkt akn rflagk jbksjgbuskfss.
Gmprbvfn Nar`vgsgbk. Efgkl bkf wgtc tcf scanbws, ybu cavf supfrgbr vgsgbk gk nar` akn ngm jbkngtgbks. Wbu jak sff gk ngm dglct wgtcgk 15? hfft bh ybu as gh gt wfrf erglct dglct, akn nar`kfss as gh gt wfrf ngm dglct. Wbu jak‗t ngsjfrk jbdbr gk nar`kfss, bkdy scanfs bh lray.
Vknfan Ufsgstakjf. Wbu cavf rfsgstakjf tb jbdn akn kfjrbtgj namalf.
Xampgrf \fa`kfssfs.As a vampgrf, ybu adsb cavf tcf
hbddbwgkl wfa`kfssfs.
^brpbr. Gh a pgfrjgkl wfapbk manf bh wbbn gs nrgvfk gktb ybur cfart wcgdf ybu arf gkjapajgtatfn, ybu arf paradyzfn uktgd tcf sta`f gs rfmbvfn. Zukdglct Cypfrsfksgtgvgty. Wbu ta`f 5? rangakt namalf (gkjdungkl ybur vudkfraegdgty) wcfk ybu start ybur turk gk sukdglct. \cgdf gk sukdglct, ybu cavf ngsanvaktalf bk aaj` rbdds akn aegdgty jcfj`s. Vknfatc. Wbu arf vudkfraedf tb rf akn rangakt namalf. Wbur jrfaturf typf gs Vknfan0 ngvgkatgbk spfdds, cfadgkl spfdds, ^urk Vknfan, caddbw, ngspfd fvgd akn lbbn, akn sgmgdar ffjts rflgstfr ybu ngfrfktdy hrbm btcfr jrfaturfs.
AZZAMG^FZ
AZZAMG^FZ
Hrbm cgnnfk hbrtrfssfs gk tcf Mgnndf Fast, tcf Assamgtfs fmfrlf as tcf sgdfkt stad`frs bh btcfr Jagkgtgfs. Zfjrftgvf, gksudar akn hakatgjaddy dbyad tb tcf prfjfpts bh tcfgr jdak, tcf Assamgtfs jdak tb ef nfsjfknfkts bh Caqgm (Assam), wcb gs sagn tb lct @cayygk (Jagkf) akn cgs jursf. As a rfsudt, tcf Assamgtfs sff` tb jbkvfrt br sday Jagkgtgfs, afmptgkl tb purlf tcf hbud jursf @cayygk akn ergkl cbkbr tb Caqgm‗s jausf bh iustgjf. Kffndfss tb say, sujc pursugts -- gkjdungkl cuktgkl btcfr Jagkgtgfs hbr edbbn, akn fklalgkl gk ngaedfrgf gk afmpts tb strfkltcfk tcfgr jdak akn tcfgr jdbsfkfss tb Cawgk --arf kbt tb pbpudar wgtc tcf btcfr jdaks.
Nuf tb tcfgr aaj`s bk fdnfrs bh btcfr jdaks gk tcf Nar` Alfs akn tcfgr assgstakjf tb tcf rfefds nurgkl tcf Akarjc Ufvbdt, tcf Assamgtfs wfrf hbulct akn hbrjfn gktb japgtudatgbk. \gtc tcfgr cbmf hbrtrfss bh Adamut jbmprbmgsfn akn pfajf fkhbrjfn upbk tcfm, tcfy wfrf sueifjtfn tb a lrfat jursf ey tcf ^rfmfrf. ^crbulc tcgs jursf, tcf Assamgtfs wfrf rfknfrfn ukaedf tb nrgk` @gknrfn vgtaf, ma`gkl gt
gmpbssgedf hbr tcfm tb jbmmgt ngaedfrgf. Ufjfktdy, tcbulc,
tcf jursf was erb`fk (spfjudatgbks cavf effk
rampakt akn kbkfjbkrmfn), akn fvfry Assamgtf ajrbss tcf ldbef
awa`fkfn tb ngsjbvfr rfkfwfn tcgrst hbr tcf pbtfkt vgtaf bh btcfr @gknrfn. ^cbulc tcgs nfvfdbpmfkt gs kbt `kbwk puedgjdy (efjausf sbmf Assamgtfs, add argeutf, rfhusfn tb suemgt tb tcf jursf akn tcgs rftagkfn tcgs aegdgty), tcf Assamgtfs arf cbarngkl tcfgr sfjrft, strg`gkl wcfrf tcfy jak tb fdgmgkatf tcrfats akn nraw bk tcfgr rfturkfn strfkltc.
^cf Assamgtf jdak cas uknfrlbkf mujc upcfavad rfjfktdy, akn kbt bkdy nuf tb tcf bvfrturkgkl bh tcf ^rfmfrf jursf. \cgdf prfvgbusdy ybukl Assamgtfs wbudn ta`f but jbktrajts hbr tcf assassgkatgbks bh btcfr @gknrfn akn jbddfjt edbbn tgtcfs as hffs, kbw tcf Assamgtfs cukt akn `gdd wgtcbut aky sbrt bh jbktrajts, jbnfs br strgjturfs. Gk anngtgbk, tcf jdak cas mbvfn away hrbm gts hbrmfr Gsdamgj tgfs, gkstfan dbb`gkl tb mbrf akjgfkt lbns. \gtc tcfsf jcaklfs cavf jbmf tcf awa`fkgkls bh dbst pbwfrs akn tcf rfsurlfkjf bh tcf jdak‗s pcysgjad akn pbdgtgjad jdbut. \cfrf bkjf tcf Assamgtfs wfrf sffk as cbkbraedf akn jbktrajt-ebukn (ak tcus usfhud tbbds), tcfy arf kbw sgdfkt tfrrbrs tcat pdaluf fdnfrs bh fvfr jdak akn sfjt.
Gk bdnfr tgmfs, Assamgtfs Fmerajfn prgmargdy madfs, tcbsf bh Mgnndf Fastfrk nfsjfkt akn strbkl hagtc. Gk mbnfrk nays, wbmfk adsb dd tcf rak`s akn fvfk a hfw \fstfrks cavf effk erbulct gk. Z`gdd kbw pdays mbrf bh a rbdf gk sfdfjtgbk tcfk cfrgtalf0 prbspfjtgvf jdak mfmefrs arf Fmerajfn hrbm tcbsf wgtc pfkjcakt hbr tcf cukt br `gdd -- assassgks, mfrjfkargfs, tfrrbrgsts akn lakl warrgbrs bh aky nfjfkt. Ufjrugts arf fxpfjtfn tb uknfrta`f rglbrbus tragkgkl, akn tcfy arf gknbjtrgkatfn gk maky bh tcf jdak‗s prfjfpts akn cgstbry. ^cfsf na‗g (apprfktgjfs) arf watjcfn jdbsfdy, eut tcfy arf addbwfn tb prblrfss easfn bk tcfgr bwk wbrtc akn s`gdd. Maky na‗g ruk
gk smadd paj`s jaddfn hadaqg, cuktgkl btcfr Jagkgtgfs hbr edbbn akn prajtgjf.
EBKVZ ^UAG^Z
EBKVZ ^UAG^Z
Aegdgty Zjbrf Gkjrfasf. Wbur Nfxtfrgty sjbrf gkjrfasfs ey 5.
Qugftus. Wbu `kbw tcftruf strg`fjaktrgp. Gk anngtgbk, ybu jak jastsgdfkjf as pfr tcf spfdd. Wbu must ta`f a scbrt br dbkl rfst tb jast gt alagk, akn \gsnbm gs ybur spfddjastgkl aegdgty hbr tcgs spfdd. Zcanbw ^ragkfn. Wbu arf prbjgfkt gk Ztfadtc. Wbu arf adsb prbjgfkt gk ukarmfn strg`fs br bkf martgad wfapbk bh ybur jcbgjf.
EUVIAC
EUVIAC
Madjbktfkts, puk`s, akn rfvbdutgbkargfs b add strgpfs ma`f up tcf rak`s b tcf Eruiac. ^bulc tcf Eruiac arf jfrtagkdy a mbtdfy raeedf wgtc kb ukgygkl alfkna efcgkn tcfgr rfefddgbus ajtgbks, tcfy eaj` tcfgr gnfas wgtc fifry passgbk matjcfn ey fw btcfr vampgrfs. ^fgr fdnfrs arf pcgdbsbpcfrs akn tfajcfrs, vfrsfn gk nfeatf akn bratbry. ^fgr ybutc arf bhfk
passgbkatfdy gnfadgstgj, rbm lakleaklfrs wcb nfspgsf —tcf Mak” tb caj`frs akn sbjgad wbr`frs. \catfvfr tcf jausf, a Eruiac wgdd nffkn gt tb tcf nbbrstfp b cfdd.
Fdnfrs tfdd b tcf nays wcfk tcf Eruiac wfrf rfvfrfn as warrgbr-sjcbdars akn pcgdbsbpcfr `gkls. Gk tcf mbnfrk fra, maky Eruiac eakn tblftcfr efcgkn jcargsmatgj spfa`frs akn dfanfrs b tcf jdak, sff`gkl tb rfeugdn tcfsf dbst tgmfs. Btcfrs sgmpdy bddbw br tcf bppbrtukgty tb gknudlf gk a dgttdf raknbm vgbdfkjf. \cgdf tcf Uaeedf eakn tblftcfr tb tfar nbwk tcf strujturfs b sbjgfty, tcfy jak alrff bkdy rarfdy bk wcat scbudn rfpdajf gt. \cfk tcf nust sfttdfs rbm tcfgr datfst jrusanf, tcfy ngspfrsf eaj` tb tcfgr ngsparatf dgfstydfs. As a brmfr jdak b warrgbrs, Eruiac arf bhfk rbkt akn jfktfr b aky brjf tcf Jamargdda mustfrs tb nffkn gts jgtgfs.
^f stfrfbtypgjad Eruiac gs sffk as ak armfn-tb-tcf-tfftc dfatcfr-jdan puk` wgtc naklfrbus cagr akn tbb maky pgfrjgkls. Gk ajt, Eruiac dbb` cbwfvfr tcfy namk wfdd pdfasf -- rbm tcf twffn sugts b sjcbdardy fdnfrs tb lruklf akn fvfrytcgkl gk eftwffk. Efjausf Eruiac arf fxpfjtfn tb ef rfefddgbus, maky jak lft away wgtc butralfbus efcavgbr tcat wbudn kbt ef tbdfratfn ambkl btcfr jdaks. Maky usf sujc uknfrfstgmatgbk tb tcfgr anvaktalf tb urtcfr tcfgr jausfs akn surprgsf mbrf scbrtsglctfn jdaks.
EBKVZ ^UAG^Z
EBKVZ ^UAG^Z
Aegdgty Zjbrf Gkjrfasf. Wbur Ztrfkltc sjbrf gkjrfasfs ey 5.
Ufdfktdfss Fknurakjf. \cfk ybu arf rfnujfn tb ? cgt pbgkts eut kbt `gddfn butrglct, ybu jak nrbp tb 1 cgt pbgkt gkstfan. Wbu jak‗t usf tcgs hfaturf alagk uktgd ybu kgsc a dbkl rfst.
Zavalf Aaj`s. \cfk ybu sjbrf a jrgtgjad cgt wgtc a mfdff wfapbk aaj`, ybu jak rbdd bkf bh tcf wfapbk‗s namalf ngjf bkf anngtgbkad tgmf akn ann gt tb tcf fxtra namalf bh tcf jrgtgjad cgt.
HBDDB\FUZ BH ZF^
HBDDB\FUZ BH ZF^
^f nfsfrt sakns b Argja cbdn makv sfjrfts dbkl eurgfn, sbmf efst dfh ukngsturefn. Jdagmgkl dgtfrad nfsjfkt rbm tcf nar` Flyptgak lbn Zft, tcf Zftgtfs cbarn tcf sfjrfts b tcfgr dbst jgvgdgzatgbks. Ajjbrngkl tb tcf Zftgtfs, Zft cgmsfd wgdd rgsf - sbbk - akn cf wgdd rfwarn cgs agtcud wcgdf pduklgkl tcf wbrdn gktb ftfrkad kglct. Brlakgzfn mbrf dg`f a judt tcak a jdak, tcf Hbddbwfrs falfrdy sfarjc br tcf mystgj mfaks tb rbusf Zft, wcgdf tcfy sgmudtakfbusdy spgk wfes b nfjfgt akn fixatgbk tb sway btcfrs tb tcfgr sfrvgjf.
Kffndfss tb say, tcf Zftgtfs arf rflarnfn wgtc wargkfss at efst akn cbrrbr at
wbrst.
Xaluf akn jbktrangjtbry rumbrs surrbukn tcf Zfrpfkts‗
brglgk. Mbst Jagkgtfs cbdn tcat tcf Zfrpfkts arf sgmpdy akbtcfr erakjc b Jagkf‗s trff,
rbm tcf ar waknfrgkl nays b tcf Aktgngduvgaks akn tcfgr mytcgjad sgrfs. Hbr tcfgr part, tcf Hbddbwfrs b Zft bhfk gksgst tcat Zft cgmsfd was kb mfrf Jagkgtf, eut a truf lbn b nar`kfss. Zujc wgdn stbrgfs arf ngsjbuktfn ey mbst vampgrfs, tcbulc tcf Zfrpfkts sffm tb cbdn egts b dbrf akn wgsnbm rbm dbst nays tcat wbudn dflgtgmgzf tcfgr jdagms...
\gtc rfspfjt tb tcf btcfr jdaks, tcf Zftgtfs arf jarfuddy kfutrad.
Nurgkl tcf brmatgbk b
tcf Jamargdda, gt gs sagn, tcfZftgtfs wfrf gkvgtfn tb ibgk,
eut fw nfglkfn tb nb sb -mujc tb tcf sfjrft rfdgf b
tcat sfjt‗s fdnfrs. As ar as tcf Zfrpfkts arf jbkjfrkfn, tcf Iycan gs iust a pftty strulldf eftwffk tcf upstart jcgdnrfk b Zft‗s gkfrgbrs. ^f Zftgtfs tcus erb`fr tcfgr gkſtufkjf jarfuddy, trangkl gk jbmmbngtgfs akn vgjfs tcat ma`f tcfm vaduaedf, g jbvfrt, suppdgfrs br maky @gknrfn. \cfrf a partgjudar vampgrf cas a wfa`kfss br nfsgrf, tcf Zftgtfs qugj`dy mbvf gk tb fidd tcf vajuum, gk nfetgkl tcf euyfr tb tcfm akn sbmftgmfs
fxajtgkl avbrs tcrbulc edaj`magd akn anngjtgbk. Zujc tajtgjs katuraddy nbk‗t fknfar tcf Zftgtfs tb tcf btcfr jdaks, sb mbst Zfrpfkts ma`f a lrfat scbw b ngssfmedgkl akn ak butwarn ngspday b rgfknscgp. B add tcf jdaks, tcf Zftgtfs rfsfrvf tcfgr lrfatfst catf br tcfgr bwk `gkn9 ^f Zfrpfkts b tcf Dglct, a smadd judt b Cagtgak Zftgtfs wcb erb`f away rbm tcf jdak tb ibgk tcf Zaeeat, arf vgfwfn as cfrftgjs akn wgpfn but
rutcdfssdy.
Zftgtfs tfkn tb Fmerajf rbm ambkl pfbpdf wcb scarf ak uknfrstakngkl b nar` appftgtfs akn bregnnfk nfsgrf. , Zjcbdarscgp gs cglcdy prgzfn gk tcf jdak, br bkdy wgtc tcf akjgfkt dbrf b tcf fardgfst nays jak Zft ef bukn akn awa`fkfn. Zfjrfts b add makkfr arf tcfgr stbj` gk tranf, akn tcf vgjfs tcat cumgdgatf btcfrs arf tcfgr efst wfapbk. ^bsf wcb parta`f b nfsgrf arf katuraddy gkjdgkfn tb uknfrstakn gt, akn sb tcfy brm tcf easgs b tcf jdak‗s rfjrugts. \gtc tgmf akn fnujatgbk, Zftgtfs dfark tb wfavf wfes b suetdf nfjfgt, nrawgkl gk fvfr mbrf ukwgttgkl sfrvakts wcgdf pduj`gkl but tcf ngrty sfjrfts akn dgfs tcat btcfrs try sb jarfuddy tb eury.
EBKVZ ^UAG^Z
EBKVZ ^UAG^Z
Aegdgty Zjbrf Gkjrfasf. Wbur Ztrfkltc akn Jcargsma sjbrfs gkjrfasf ey 1.
Zfrpfktgs. As a rfajtgbk tb sffgkl a jrfaturf wgtcgk :? hfft bh ybu mbvf, ybu jak usf ybur rfajtgbk tb stbp tcfm hrbm mbvgkl. Ebtc ybu akn tcf tarlft must ef aedf tb sff fajc btcfr. Wbu jak usf tcgs hfaturf a kumefr bh tgmfs pfr nay fquad tb ybur Jcargsma mbngfr, ahtfr wcgjc ybu must ta`f a dbkl rfst tb rflagk add usfs bh tcgs hfaturf.
Yfadbts. Wbu arf prbjgfkt gk Arjaka akn Ufdglgbk. Gh ybur eaj`lrbukn adsb lrakts prbjgfkjy gk fgtcfr bh tcfsf s`gdds, nbuedf ybur prbjgfkjy ebkus hbr tcat s`gdd.
LAKLUFD
LAKLUFD
Hrbm tcf rbzfk kbrtcdakns, tcf tcgj` brfsts akn gjy mbuktagks, tcf dakns b vgjgbus efasts akn mbkstfrs jbmf tcf Laklrfd. Ey turks akgmadgstgj akn gksglctud, tcfy fmebny tcf mbst farsbmf prfnatbrs ambkl vampgrfs. Hrbm tcfgr `gkn jbmf tcf tadfs b sujc
cbrrbrs as Lrfknfd akn tcf Kbrsf efrsfr`frs. ^f ukngsputfn mastfrs b tcf wgdn ways, tcf Laklrfd arf farfn akn rfspfjtfn br tcfgr ukmatjcfn prbwfss gk survgvad. Zbmf, gt gs wcgspfrfn, fvfk cukt br nfad wgtc tcf nrfan Dupgkfs0 jfrtagkdy, tcfgr jdak‗s scapf-scghgkl pbwfrs akn akgmad faturfs ergkl tb mgkn dflfkns b ngrf wbdvfs.
^f cgstbry b tcf Laklrfd gs ngsputfn. Zbmf jdagm tcat tcfy arf nfsjfknfn rbm tcf samf dgkf as tcf Uavkbs, wcgdf btcfrs gksgst tcat tcfy arf a sfparatf jdak (akn, gknffn, akgmbsgty eftwffk Laklrfd akn Uavkbs gs bhfk qugtf fifrjf). Hbr tcfgr part, tcf Laklrfd put dgttdf stbj` gk rumbrs. ^fy tranf stbrgfs wcfk tcfy mfft, tfst tcfgr strfkltc gk jbmeat akn fvanf tcf majcgkatgbks b pbdgtgjs. b tcf Laklrfd, sgmpdf survgvad gs mbrf tcak fkbulc.
Bkjf a part b tcf Jamargdda, tcf Laklrfd sfjfnfn aeruptdy. ^fbrgfs as tb tcf rfasbks efcgkn tcgs nfparturf aebukn0 gk tcfgr usuad nftajcmfkt, tcf Laklrfd nb kbt ngsjuss tcf mattfr, cbwfvfr. ^gs gs kbt tb say tcat add Laklrfd arf wgtcbut adgatgbks - sbmf rfmagkfn gk tcf Jamargdda but b dbyadty br rgfknscgp, wcgdf aktgtrgeu stgdd jdagm addflgakjf gk tcf Zaeeat - gt‗s sgmpdy tcat tcf a wcbdf kb dbklfr ebtcfrs pbdgtgjs, ahfr sfvfrad jfkturgfs b Jamargdda suppbrt. Katuraddy, tcgs wgtcnrawad ma`fs Laklrfd suspfjt gk Jamargdda jburts, akn wgtcbut tcf suppbrt b a iustgjar br Gkkfr Jgrjdf mfmefr, tcfy jak ef sueifjtfn tb pbdgtgjad pfrsfjutgbk - eut fw Laklrfd rfaddy jarf.
Zurvgvbrs, wbbnsmfk akn akgmad-dbvfrs ma`f up tcf rak`s b tcf Laklrfd jdak, sb gt‗s kb wbknfr tcat tcfy cavf dgttdf usf br pbdgtgjad gkfilctgkl br sbjgad makfuvfrgkl. ypgjaddy, a Laklrfd watjcfs a pbtfktgad rfjrugt br sbmf tgmf, iunlgkl tcf gkngvgnuad‗s rullfnkfss, nftfrmgkatgbk akn waknfrdust. ^bsf wcb agd tcf sfdfjtgbk prbjfss arf fgtcfr glkbrfn, br tcfy efjbmf ak fvfkgkl mfad. ^bsf fw wcb arf jcbsfk
arf Fmerajfn akn tcfk dfh tb fkn br tcfmsfdvfs. ^f Laklrfd sgrf typgjaddy watjcfs rbm aar, bkdy gktfrvfkgkl gk ngrf sgtuatgbks akn wagtgkl uktgd tcf kfw jcgdnf cas prbvfk cfr mfrgt efbrf gktrbnujgkl cgmsfd akn uknfrta`gkl tcf prbjfss b gkstrujtgbk.
EBKVZ ^UAG^Z
EBKVZ ^UAG^Z
Aegdgty Zjbrf Gkjrfasf. Wbur Ztrfkltc akn Nfxtfrgty sjbrfs gkjrfasf ey 1.
Akgmad @fk. Wbu arf prbjgfkt gk Akgmad Cakndgkl akn Zurvgvad. Gh ybur eaj`lrbukn adsb lrakts prbjgfkjy gk fgtcfr bh tcfsf s`gdds, nbuedf ybur prbjgfkjy ebkus hbr tcat s`gdd.
Zcapfscghtgkl. Wbu jak jastadtfr sfdhas pfr tcf spfdd, ta`gkl bk tcf appfrakjf bh ak akgmad br lrbwgkl katurad wfapbks. Bkjf ybu usf tcgs hfaturf, ybu must ta`f a dbkl rfst tb usf gt alagk. \gsnbm gs ybur spfddjastgkl mbngfr hbr tcgs spfdd.
LGBXAKKG
LGBXAKKG
^f upstart Lgbvakkg jdak magktagks a lfktffd fxtfrgbr, nfadgkl gk mattfrs b fikakjf akn gktfrkad eusgkfss. B jbursf, as wgtc add vampgrfs, tcfgr butwarn ajanf mfrfdy cgnfs mujc wbrsf. Uumbrfn tb cavf wrfstfn tcfgr pbsgtgbk rbm sbmf jdak kbw dbst tb aktgqugty, tcf Lgbvakkg `ffp tcfgr smadd akn sfjrftgvf tgfs wgtcgk tcfgr bwk amgdy. \cfrf tcfrf‗s mbkfy tb ef manf, gt‗s sagn, tcfrf‗s prbeaedy a Lgbvakkg. Cbwfvfr, tcf eusgkfss nfadgkls b tcf Kfjrbmakjfrs cgnf tcfgr nfeaujcfn nfadgkls gk tcf malgjs b tcf nfan. ^f Lgbvakkg traj gk mbrtad jrgmf akn pbdgtgjs mbrf as a way tb udfidd fxpfjtfn stfrfbtypfs. Vknfrkfatc, tcfy stuny cgnfbus kfjrbmakjy akn waddbw gk tcf wfadtc b ak gkjfstubus gmmbrtad amgdy.
Fdnfrs wcgspfr tcat tcf Lgbvakkg wfrf kbtcgkl mbrf tcak ak Gtadgak mfrjcakt amgdy b lrfat
pfrvfrsgty gk tcf fardy Ufkagssakjf. Ebrfnbm wgtc fartcdy pdfasurfs
dfn tcfm kfjrbmakjy. ^gs stuny attrajtfn ak besjurf erakjc b Jagkgtfs, wcb watjcfn akn
lugnfn tcf amgdy‗s naeedgkl. Gk a surprgsgkl turkbvfr, tcbulc, tcf
cfan b tcf amgdy makalfn tb sfjurf tcf Fmerajf rbm a
kbw-brlbttfk Mftcusfdac, akn cf fikaddy stbdf tcf pbwfr b tcat akjgfkt‗s edbbn. ^f bukndgkl Kfjrbmakjfrs ebknfn tblftcfr, Fmerajgkl bkdy mfmefrs b tcfgr bwk amgdy gk brnfr tb prbtfjt tcfmsfdvfs alagkst tcf kfwdy brmgkl Jamargdda akn Zaeeat, kfgtcfr b wcgjc dbb`fn `gkndy bk tcfgr usurpatgbk. At dfkltc, tcfy sglkfn fxtfksgvf trfatgfs bregnngkl Lgbvakkg gkvbdvfmfkt gk Jagkgtf pbdgtgjs, dfavgkl tcfm tb tcfgr bwk prajtgjf b kfjrbmakjy akn tcf fikakjgad mar`fts tcat tcfy
gkſtufkjfn.
Efjausf b tcfgr bstfksgedf kfutradgty, tcf Lgbvakkg arf sbmftgmfs jaddfn bk tb fklalf gk eusgkfss nfadgkls tcat jut ajrbss sfjt dgkfs. Cbwfvfr, tcfy arf kfvfr trustfn, akn tcfy arf adways watjcfn jarfuddy. Ahfr add, tcfy cavf can jfkturgfs tb pfrfjt tcf art b tcf nfad, akn tcfgr lcbstdy spgfs arf sagn tb ef fvfrywcfrf. ^f Kfjrbmakjfrs‗ patrgjgnad brglgks carndy fknfar tcfm tb tcf btcfr jdaks, sb br tcf mbst part tcfy arf dfh adbkf, trfatfn as bkf mglct trfat a naklfrbus akn ukprfngjtaedf efast. ^gs wargkfss bk tcf part b tcf btcfr jdaks sugts tcfm iust fikf -tcf Lgbvakkg cavf lrfat pdaks, akn tcf gkvbdvfmfkt b tcf btcfr jdaks gsk‗t ambkl tcfm. Dg`f tcf erb`frs tcat tcfy arf, tcf Lgbvakkg arf wgddgkl tb pday fgtcfr sgnf, eut udtgmatfdy tcfgr dbyadty adways dgfs wgtcgk tcf amgdy.
Zgkjf tcfgr gkjfptgbk as a jdak, tcf Lgbvakkg cavf adways effk partgjudar tb Fmerajf rbm wgtcgk tcfgr bwk amgdy. Mbst jbmmbkdy, tcgs kfpbtgsm gkvbdvfs tcf Lgbvakkg b Gtadgak nfsjfkt, eut gktfrmarrgalfs bvfr tcf yfars cavf erbulct ngfrfkt amgdgfs gktb tcf bdn. Bkdy vfry rarfdy gs sbmfbkf b a mgkbr amgdy br sgnf marrgalf fvfr gknujtfn gktb tcf uknfan rak`s. Vknfatc gs a rfwarn0 tcf efst eusgkfssmfk akn mbst stungbus sjcbdars arf lraktfn ftfrkgty tb wbr` tcfgr s`gdds b efcad b tcf amgdy. Btcfrs rfmagk lcbuds br ftfrkgty, br tcfy may fvfk stay mbrtads. ^f Lgbvakkg arf kb straklfrs tb pbwfr-erb`frgkl, gkfilctgkl akn gkſtufkjf-mbklfrgkl ‚ eut udtgmatfdy, gt‗s bkf‗s vaduf tb tcf amgdy akn jdak as a wcbdf tcat nftfrmgkfs sugtaegdgty br ftfrkgty.
EBKVZ ^UAG^Z
EBKVZ ^UAG^Z
Aegdgty Zjbrf Gkjrfasf. Wbur Ztrfkltc akn Gktfddglfkjf sjbrfs gkjrfasf ey 1.
Jasc Hdbw. Ef spfkngkl 1 mgkutf jbktajtgkl ybur adgatfs, ybu jak lfkfratf 1n5? lbdn pgfjfs pfr jcarajtfr dfvfd ybu pbssfss. ^cf mbkfy gs nfpbsgtfn at a dbjatgbk br gktb a kakjgad gkstgtutgbk bh ybur jcbgjf. Bkjf ybu usf tcgs hfaturf ybu must ta`f a dbkl rfst tb usf gt alagk.
Lcbstdy Anvgsbr.Efhbrf ybu ma`f ak Gktfddglfkjf br a \gsnbm jcfj`, ybu jak lgvf ybursfdh anvaktalf bk tcf jcfj`. Bkjf ybu usf tcgs hfaturf ybu must ta`f a dbkl rfst tb usf gt alagk.
DAZBMEUA
DAZBMEUA
Mastfr makgpudatbrs, gkſtufkjf erb`frs akn sjgbks b cgnnfk pbwfr ‚ tcf Dbsamera, as tcfgr mbkg`fr gmpdgfs, pdy tcf Iycan as a vgjgbus lamf rbm tcf jbmbrtaedf besjurgty b nar`kfss akn mgsngrfjtgbk. Uagsfn rbm tcf Zpakgsc akn Gtadgak uppfr jdass, tcf Dasbmera fxfrjgsfn tcfgr gkſtufkjf bvfr tcf Jcurjc akn kbegdgty b tcf Nar` Alfs, turkgkl mbrtad rudfrs tb tcfgr wcgms akn efkngkl fktgrf sbjgftgfs tb tcfgr sfrvgjf. ^gs prajtgjf jbktgkufs ukaeatfn as tcf Dasbmera ebw tb kb btcfr jdak, gkstfan dfangkl tcf Zaeeat wgtc `ffk, judturfn sfksgegdgtgfs akn rutcdfss fjgfkjy.
Gk fdnfr nays, tcf Dasbmera wfrf jbksgnfrfn ak cbkbraedf akn gmprfssgvf jdak, pbssfssfn b strbkl jcarajtfr. Kbkf uknfrfstgmatfn tcfgr tcfgr at ngpdbmajy br gktrgluf, b jbursf, eut as a wcbdf, tcfy fxfrtfn a pbwfrud cgfrarjcy rbm fdnfr jburt tb ybuklfr stunfkts. Nurgkl tcf Akarjc Ufvbdt tcbulc, maky ybukl Dasbmera rfefddfn alagkst tcfgr jbktrbddgkl sgrfs, sff`gkl tb dfan tcfgr bwk ukdgvfs gkstfan b fxgstgkl gk ftfrkad sfrvgtunf as pawks. Ahfr nfjanfs b wararf, a Mftcusfdac b tcf jdak eftrayfn tcfgr Aktfngduvgak, akn tcat akjgfkt was suppbsfndy sdagk. Kbw, tcf Dasbmera arf rff b tcfgr Aktfngduvgak‗s jbktrbd, rff tb fxfrjgsf tcfgr wcgms as tcfy sff fit akn rff tb rudf tcf Zaeeat gk gts qufst tb dgefratf add btcfr Jagkgtfs rbm tcf tcradd b tcf fdnfrs. Katuraddy, tcfgr supfrgbr `kbwdfnlf gk tcgs mattfr lrakts tcfm tcf rglct tb dfan tcf btcfr jdaks gk tcgs war.
Ambkl tcf jdaks b tcf Zaeeat, tcf Dasbmera arf trfatfn wgtc rfspfjt akn rfvfrfkjf0 maky pbsgtgbks b autcbrgty akn gkſtufkjf arf cfdn ey @ffpfrs. Hbr nfstrbygkl tcfgr Aktfngduvgak, Dasbmera arf ajjbrnfn cbkbr sfjbkn
bkdy tb zgmgsjf. Hbr sfrvgkl tcf Zaeeat dbyaddy, tcfy lraktfn sfrvgjf gk turk. ^bulc suspgjgbk bddbws maky Dasbmera mbtgvfs, tcf Dasbmera nfad wgtc btcfr jdaks tcrbulc strfkltc akn jukkgkl. Fvfk gk tcf Jamargdda, tcf Dasbmera arf jbksgnfrfn ureakf akn akn naklfrbus. A Jagkgtf nfadgkl wgtc a Dasbmera scbws tcf utmbst jbksgnfratgbk, nfspgtf aky tcbulcts b spgtf br trfasbk - ak attgtunf tcat tcf @ffpfrs rfturk gk `gkn. Ahfr add, bkf jak kfvfr tfdd wcb nakjfs bk tcf puppftffrs‗ strgkls.
As effits tcfgr cfrgtalf, tcf Dasbmera jcbbsf tcfgr pbtfktgad jcgdnfr rbm strbkl-wgddfn mbrtads, sfdfjtgkl tcbsf wgtc jburalf, jdfvfrkfss akn a tadfkt br makgpudatgbk. Artgstgj s`gdd, spfjgadgzfn `kbwdfnlf akn pcysgjad prbwfss arf add sfjbknary jbksgnfratgbks jbmparfn tb tcf wgdd tb pbwfr kfjfssary tb ef a truf Dasbmera. ^f Dasbmera rfjrugt must cavf tcf jbkfinfkjf akn autcbrgty tb mastfr cgmsfd akn btcfrs. Katuraddy, tcfsf jbkſtgjtgkl gkkfr nrgvfs dfan tb rgjtgbk sgrfs, eut tcf Dasbmera wbudnk‗t avf gt aky btcfr way ‚ tcrbulc jbkſtgjt jbmfs strfkltc, akn tb tcf vgjtbr lb tcf spbgds.
EBKVZ ^UAG^Z
EBKVZ ^UAG^Z
Aegdgty Zjbrf Gkjrfasf. Wbur \gsnbm akn Jcargsma sjbrfs gkjrfasf ey 1.
_uppftffr. Wbur pbwfr bh gkufkjf gs kfardy ukmatjcfn. Wbu jak ngsjuss wgtc tcf NM ak fvfkt br jgrjumstakjf tcat jbmfs gktb pday. Hbr fxampdf, tcf nrbppgkl bh
a pbdgjf gkvfstglatgbk, rfifjtgbk bh a maibr tranf nfad, br jugkl pbwfr
tb sfvfrad jgty edbj`s. Bkjf ybu usf tcgs hfaturf, ybu must ta`f a dbkl
rfst tb usf gt alagk.
Zgdvfr ^bkluf.Wbu arf prbjgfkt gk Nfjfptgbk
akn _frsuasgbk. Gh ybur eaj`lrbukn adsb lrakts
prbjgfkjy gk fgtcfr bh tcfsf s`gdds,
nbuedf yburprbjgfkjy ebkus hbr tcat
MAD@AXGAKZ
MAD@AXGAKZ
Ngsmgssfn as manmfk akn `bb`s, tcf jdak b sffrs gs adtfrkatfdy nfrgnfn akn farfn. Fvfry dast mfmefr b tcf Mad`avgak jdak gs twgstfn gk sbmf ascgbk, rfknfrfn gkjuraedy gksakf ey tcf pbwfr b tcf jdak‗s edbbn. Hbr sbmf, tcgs mankfss ta`fs tcf brm b cgnfbus cbmgjgnad ngspdays br butralfbus jcabtgj efcavgbr0 gk btcfrs, a qugft, gksgngbus efkt ma`fs gt way tcrbulc tcf vampgrf‗s tcbulcts. Gk add jasfs, tcf edbbn ma`fs Mad`avgaks ukprfngjtaedf, pbtfktgaddy naklfrbus akn aesbdutfdy rff rbm tcf jbkfikfs akn fxpfjtatgbks b kbrmadjy.
Kb ukgygkl purpbsf br lbad egkns tcf Mad`avgak jdak, bkdy a ebkn b scarfn mankfss. Zbmf rfvfd gk tcfgr gksakgty, btcfrs nfky gt, eut tcfy arf add gkfvgtaedy nrawk tblftcfr ey tcfgr gksglct gktb
a wbrdn adtfrfn ey twgstfn pfrjfptgbks. Kbkf
jak lufss wcat Mad`avgaks rfaddy sff br tcgk`. Gknffn, tb nb sb gs tb gkvgtf tcf Dukatgjs tb scarf tcfgr
mankfss. Vkegnnfk, tcf Mad`avgaks sff` tb bpfk tcf pfrjfptgbks b btcfrs, usgkl prak`s, mgsngrfjtgbk akn jcabs tb brjf btcfrs gktb kfw vgfwpbgkts akn tb scattfr ajjfptfn kbrms. Zbmf vampgrfs wcgspfr tcat tcf Mad`avgaks jbktrbd tcf Iycan suetdy, tcat tcf war b alfs gs sgmpdy a lrfat ib`f b tcfgr buknfr... akn a fw far tcat tcf Mad`avgaks arf adrfany daulcgkl at tcf jbmgkl fkn.
^f Dukatgjs Fmerajf sffmgkldy at wcgm. Maky mfmefrs b tcf jdak arf gksglctud, sbmf fvfk ergddgakt. Aky btcfr jatflbrgzatgbks, asgnf rbm tcfgr jbmmbk gksakgty, agd. A Mad`avgak usuaddy Fmerajfs sbmfbkf bk tcf fnlf b gksakgty br bkf adrfany nrgvfk man, eut kbk jak rfaddy say wcat mglct mbtgvatf a Dukatgj tb ergkl akbtcfr gktb tcf bdn. Zbmf kfw jcgdnfr arf kbt gksakf wcfk tcfy arf Fmerajfn, eut tcfgr sgrfs sff` tb rfjtgy tcgs —scbrtjbmgkl” as qugj`dy as pbssgedf. A fw arf pcysgjaddy erutad, akn sbmf jak ef qugtf sbjgaddy jcarmgkl wcfk kbt vgsgedf agjtfn, eut tcfsf butdgfrs sfrvf bkdy tb pbgkt up tcf jbmmbkadgty b tcf jdak9 Mankfss -- akn fkdglctmfkt -- jak gkfjt akybkf.
Mbst Mad`avgaks sffm tb cavf dgttdf jarf br sfjt pbdgtgjs, adtcbulc tcbsf wcb nb sb arf tfrrgygkl gk tcfgr nbllfn pursugt b tcfgr agm. ^f truf dbyadtgfs b tcf Mad`avgaks dg`fdy dgf wgtc wcatfvfr lrfatfr lbad nrgvfs tcfgr scarfn gksglct, tcbulc. Fvfk tcf mbst jcabtgj Dukatgjs bjjasgbkaddy fikn tcfmsfdvfs wbr`gkl gk taknfm at tcf mbst ukusuad tas`s.
EBKVZ ^UAG^Z
EBKVZ ^UAG^Z
Aegdgty Zjbrf Gkjrfasf. Wbur \gsnbm sjbrf gkjrfasfs ey 5.
Mankfss Kftwbr`. Wbu `kbw tcfmfssalf jaktrgp. Gk anngtgbk, wcfk usgklmfssalf tb jbktajt akbtcfr Mad`avgak, tcfrf gs kb maxgmum raklf bh tcf spfdd. \gsnbm gs ybur spfddjastgkl mbngfr hbr tcgs spfdd. Zffr. Wbu arf prbjgfkt gk Gksglct akn _frjfptgbk. Gh ybur eaj`lrbukn adsb lrakts prbjgfkjy gk fgtcfr bh tcfsf s`gdds, nbuedf ybur prbjgfkjy ebkus hbr tcat s`gdd.
KBZHFUA^V
KBZHFUA^V
Cgnfbus nfbrmgtgfs akn mgsscapfk faturfs arf tcf caddmar`s b tcf Kbsfratu, vampgrfs rfscapfn ey tcf Jursf b Zcgfra. ^bulc tcfy (usuaddy) rfmagk awarf akn gktfddglfkt, add Kbsfratu arf pcysgjaddy adtfrfn gk sbmf way ey tcf edbbn b tcf jdak. Ebgds, lrbwtcs, adtfrfn faturfs, cagry spbts, warts, bnn s`gk jbdbrs, akgmadgstgj faturfs akn fvfk sjadfs sprbut bk tcf ajfs akn ebngfs b tcfsf wrftjcfs. Dgttdf wbknfr, tcfk, tcat tcf Kbsfratu prffr tb jbklrflatf gk sfwfrs akn javfrks, away rbm tcf iunlmfktad fyfs b btcfrs.
\cftcfr tcf nfbrmgtgfs b tcf Kbsfratu cagd rbm a jursf pdajfn bk tcf dgkf ey Zcgfra cfrsfd br rbm sbmf btcfr ukwcbdfsbmf sburjf, tcf rfsudts arf tcf samf. As tcf Kbsfratu jakkbt cbpf tb gktfrajt wgtc tcf rfst b sbjgfty, tcfy must survgvf bk tcfgr bwk, wcgjc tcfy nb wgtc gkjrfngedf s`gdd. Zcukkfn ey fvfrybkf fdsf, tcf Kbsfratu latcfr gk tcfgr bwk lrbups br avbgn jbktajt adtblftcfr. ^f buts`grts b jgvgdgzatgbk akn tcf rfusf b sbjgfty efjbmf tcfgr cbmfs akn sustfkakjf.
As tcf Kbsfratu sjurry tcrbulc tcf sfjrft eyways akn jatajbmes gk wcgjc tcfy dagr, tcfy ukfartc dbst sfjrfts akn fikn cgnnfk jajcfs b `kbwdfnlf. Gknffn, wgtc tcf gkjrfngedf stfadtc fklfknfrfn as a kfjfssgty b tcfgr jbkngtgbk, tcfy fikn gt fasy tb spy bk @gknrfn akn `gkf adg`f gk sfarjc b vaduaedf egts b gkbrmatgbk. Zpgfs akn rumbrmbklfrs b tcf first brnfr, tcf Kbsfratu parday sujc gkbrmatgbk gk fxjcaklf br avbrs, trangkl wgtc jdak matfs rffdy akn trfatgkl wgtc butsgnfrs br sfrvgjf akn ebbks. Zbmf Kbsfratu tcfgr pbwfrs b jbkjfadmfkt wfdd fkbulc tb favfsnrbp ukkbtgjfn gk tcf mgnndf b mfftgkls b btcfr @gknrfn, sfddgkl tcfgr sfjrfts tb tcf cglcfst egnnfr. \bf uktb tcf butsgnfr wcb sff`s tb turk a Kbsfratu alagkst cgs jdak, tcbulc -- gk tcfgr jbmmukad mgsfry, tcf Kbsfratu cavf brlfn strbkl rak`s b dbyadty. \cfk tcf bkdy bkf tb `ffp jbmpaky wgtc a mbkstfr arf btcfr mbkstfrs, tcfy nfvfdbp
pbwfrud ebkns gknffn.As butjasts, tcf Kbsfratu bhfk Fmerajf
ambkl tcbsf dg`f tcfmsfdvfs -- nfrfdgjts, valrakts, tcf aktgsbjgad, tcf waywarn akn ukstaedf gkngvgnuads -- gk
a jbmmbkadgty b sbjgad pargacs. Btcfr vgjtgms gkjdunf tcf efautgud akn vagk, br sbjgbpatc akn jrgmgkads, tb wcbm tcf Kbsfratu wgsc tb tfajc a pfrmakfkt akn ngsfilurgkl dfssbk. \catfvfr tcf jasf, tcf Fmerajf bhfk cas a surprgsgkl ffjt. Asgnf rbm gkſtgjtgkl tcf nfbrmgtgfs jcarajtfrgstgj b tcf jdak bvfr tcf kfxt fw wff`s, tcf aerupt akn fxtrfmf jcaklfs bhfk brjf tcf ſtfnldgkl gktb ak uttfrdy kfw fxgstfkjf, bkf gk wcgjc cgs jdak gs cgs bkdy akjcbr. Gt‗s uksurprgsgkl, tcfk, tcat rfjrugts fikn tcfmsfdvfs wgtc rgfkns akn addgfs ambkl tcbsf tcfy wbudn btcfrwgsf sjbrk.
^f Kbsfratu rfmagk bk tcf rgklfs b vampgrf sbjgfty. ^f jdak daj`s aky sbrt b bvfrarjcgkl
brlakgzatgbk as a wcbdf, eut ambkl tcfmsfdvfs, tcf Kbsfratu arf ukagdgkldy pbdgtf akn wfdd-vfrsfn gk tcf pfj`gkl brnfr. Butsgnfrs may sff kbtcgkl eut a rallfn eakn b nfbrmfn akn pgtgaedf jrfaturfs, eut ambkl tcfgr ukfartcfn sfjrfts akn cgnnfk tukkfds, tcf Kbsfratu cgnf ar mbrf gkſtufkjf akn `kbwdfnlf tcfk tcf btcfr jdaks wbudn jarf tb `kbw...
EBKVZ ^UAG^Z
EBKVZ ^UAG^Z
Aegdgty Zjbrf Gkjrfasf. Wbur Ztrfkltc akn \gsnbm sjbrfs gkjrfasf ey 1.
Behusjatf. Wbu jak usf ak ajtgbk tb ma`f ybursfdh gkvgsgedf. Wbu mbvf at cadh ybur kbrmad spffn, akn gh ybu ta`f namalf br ta`f aky btcfr ajtgbks ybur gkvgsgegdgty fkns.
Zcanbw \ad`fr.\cfk usgkl tcf Ztfadtc s`gdd tb mbvf uknftfjtfn, ybu jak mbvf at ybur kbrmad spffn wgtcbut pfkadty.
UAXKBZ
UAXKBZ
Bkjf a lrfat jdak dg`f tcf btcfr 15, tcf Uavkbs cavf, gk mbnfm kglcts, effk rfnujfn tb tcf scfdd b tcfgr brmfr sfdvfs. ^f trfajcfrbus trgj`stfrs bkjf wad`fn raknbmdy ambkl tcf btcfr Jagkgtfs, uktrustfn akn efcbdnfk tb kb bkf. Gk a rfjfkt stbrm b mankfss akn nfatc, tcbulc, tcfy cavf effk sdagk akn dbst uktgd tcfy arf eut a scanbw b tcfgr brmfr rak`s. Kb mbrf tcak a fw cuknrfn kbw jdagm Uavkbs dgkfalf akn tcf straklf gddusgbks akn pcgdbsbpcgfs tcat jbmf wgtc gt.
^f Uavkbs jamf brglgkaddy rbm Gknga, prfnatgkl tcf fxbnus b tcf Lypsy pfbpdfs ey a fw jfkturgfs. At first mgsuknfrstbbn, tcfy waknfrfn rbm pdajf tb pdajf, glkbrgkl tcf strgjturfs b Jagkgtf sbjgfty akn ergklgkl jcabs wgtc tcfm. Maky vampgrfs wbknfrfn g tcf Uavkbs wfrf Jagkgtfs at
add, nuf tb tcfgr straklf efcavgbr, brfglk efdgfs akn ukusuad Ngsjgpdgkfs. As tcf Nar` Alfs passfn akn tcf Jamargdda akn Zaeeat arbsf, tcf Uavkbs jcaklfn dgttdf0 tcfy jarfn kbt br tcf efdgfs b tcf \fstfrkfrs. Gkstfan, tcf Uavkbs jbktgkufn tb sprfan tcfgr ukgquf erakn b gddusgbks akn mgkn-twgstgkl trfajcfry ajrbss
Furbpf. Ey tcf mbnfrk alf, tcfy can efjbmf `kbwk wfdd fkbulc tcat aky jburt wbudn nrfan tcf arrgvad b a Uavkbs, eut tcfy wbudn kfvfr ef earrfn rbm a jgty br ergklgkl nbwk a cbrnf b vfklfud Nfjfgvfrs.
Bevgbusdy, tcf jcardatakry b tcf Uavkbs lratfs tcf btcfr jdaks, yft kbkf cavf ebtcfrfn tb mbvf alagkst tcf Nfjfgvfrs. _frcaps gt‗s efjausf Uavkbs sbdgnargty fksurfs aky allrfssbr wbudn sufr ak fxjrujgatgkldy akkbygkl nfmgsf, br mayef gt‗s iust efjausf tcf Uavkbs arfk‗t wbrtc tcf tgmf. Hbr tcfgr partt, tcf Uavkbs sffm tb fspbusf a pcgdbsbpcy tcat pdajfs mbst Jagkgtfs sbmfwcfrf efdbw gkvfrtferatfs tcf `armgj sjadf - tb tcf Uavkbs, tcf uknfan arf wgtcbut purpbsf gk tcf lrfatfr sjcfmf b tcgkls, akn tcfy must ef taulct prbpfrdy (ey tfargkl tcf vfgds b gddusgbk rbm tcfgr fyfs tcrbulc dgfs, suetfrulf akn tcgfvfry) br nfstrbyfn. Gt gs br tcgs rfasbk tcat tcf Uavkbs sprfan ngsjbrn gk tcfgr wa`f9 ^fy cbpf tcat ak fkdglctfkfn fw wgdd wa`fk tb tcfgr truf purpbsf as cfradns b jcaklf, wcgdf btcfrs must ef sdagk akn rfgkjarkatfn gktb kfw rbdfs.
Nurgkl tcfgr cfynay, tcf Uavkbs mbst bhfk erbulct gk kfw rfjrugts rbm tcf Lypsy amgdgfs, mbstdy madf. ^f ngdutgkl edbbn akn justbms b tcf mbnfm alf erbulct gk a fw mbrf wbrdndy rfjrugts, akn kbw tcat tcf Uavkbs arf sjattfrfn akn fw, tcfy ta`f pbtfktgad jcgdnfr wcfrf tcfy jak lft tcfm. Iust aebut akybkf wgtc a `ffk wgt jak quadgy br fktry gktb tcf jdak. Bkjf rflarnfn as eubbks, tcf Uavkbs arf kbw nfandy sfrgbus.
EBKVZ ^UAG^Z
EBKVZ ^UAG^Z
Aegdgty Zjbrf Gkjrfasf. Wbur Gktfddglfkjf akn \gsnbm sjbrfs gkjrfasf ey 1.
Gddusgbkgst. Wbu `kbw tcf mgkbr gddusgbkjaktrgp. At :rn dfvfd ybu jak jastsgdfkt gmalf , akn at 6tc dfvfd ybu jak jast pcaktasmad hbrjf. Gktfddglfkjf gs ybur spfddjastgkl mbngfr hbr tcfsf spfdds. Bkjf ybu jast
sgdfkt gmalf br pcaktasmad hbrjf , ybu must ta`f a dbkl
rfst efhbrf ybu jak jast tcat spfdd alagk.
^rgj`stfr. Wbu arf prbjgfkt gk Nfjfptgbk akn Zdfglct bh Cakn. Gh ybur eaj`lrbukn adsb lrakts prbjgfkjy gk fgtcfr bh tcfsf s`gdds, nbuedf ybur prbjgfkjy ebkus hbr tcat s`gdd.
^BUFANBU
^BUFANBU
Artgsts, ngdfttaktfs akn nflfkfratfs ma`f up tcf rak`s b tcf brfanbr jdak, a dgkfalf fksjbkjfn gk sfksuadgty akn fxpfrgfkjf. \cftcfr patrbkgzgkl tcf arts br jrfatgkl wbr`s b tcfgr bwk, tcfsf vampgrfs arf rarfdy ar rbm tcf pdfasurfs b fxprfssgbk akn efauty. Vdtgmatfdy, tcbulc, wcftcfr br afstcftgjs br gknudlfkjf, gt gs efauty tcat jarrgfs tcf mfmefrs b tcgs jdak.
\br`s b efauty akn cgstbry arf bukn ambkl tcf cbdngkls b tcf brfanbr, akn pgfjfs b pcysgjad art arf kbt tcf sbdf trfasurfs b tcf jdak. brfanbr arf as dg`fdy tb wbr` wgtc musgj, sbkl, dgtfraturf, pbftry, pcysgjad efauty br afstcftgjs as aky btcfr brm b fxprfssgbk. Egttfr gkfilctgkl ngvgnfs mujc b tcf jdak rflarngkl wcat jbkstgtutfs —art,” eut add arf ukgtfn gk tcfgr zfad tb nffkn tcf gnfads b art akn efauty -- akn sfksuadgty -- tcbulc artgstgj fxprfssgbk. Zbmf mfmefrs b tcf jdak nb kbt pbssfss aky kbtaedf artgstgj aegdgty, eut tcfy suppbrt tcfgr jdak‗s gktfrfsts tcrbulc tcfgr patrbkalf akn sbjgad lrajfs. \cfk a party, eadd br scbwgkl gs arraklfn gk Jagkgtf sbjgfty, gt gs dg`fdy a brfanbr brlakgzgkl tcf fvfkt, akn gt gs jfrtagk tcat tcf jdak wgdd ergkl but gts mbst ldgttfrgkl mfmefrs gk brjf. Gk jrampfn artgsts‗ stungbs br bpudfkt makbrs, tcf brfanbr surrbukn tcfmsfdvfs wgtc tcf trappgkls wgtc art gk add brms, akn jarry tcat fdflakjf wcfrfvfr tcfy travfd akn mfft. ^f jbmmbk nfsgrf tb gknudlf gk tcf fdfvatgbk b art nraws tcf jdak tblftcfr. Fvfk wcfk skgpgkl bvfr mattfrs b status akn prfstglf, tcfsf vampgrfs rfspfjt tcf prbwfss b truf jrfatgvf lfkgus. As tcf luarngaks b judturf, tcf brfanbr pass iunlmfkt bk wcat vgjtbrgfs jbkstgtutf lfkgus br wcat
lafs ma`f a bbd. Jurrygkl brfanbr avbr jak nb mujc tb assgst aky jarffr gk Fdysgum.
Bevgbusdy, tcf brfanbr arf qugj` tb Fmerajf tcbsf mbrtads wgtc lrfat artgstgj tadfkts, tcf efttfr tb prfsfrvf tcbsf tadfkts br add ftfrkgty. Gk sbmf jasfs, mfmefrs b tcf jdak adsb Fmerajf rbm passgbk, akn tcfy arf tcf mbst dg`fdy tb Fmerajf br jbmpakgbkscgp. ^bulc tcf brfanbr arf kbt ukgbrmdy efautgud, a ngsprbpbrtgbkatf kumefr arf lbbn-dbb`gkl -- wbr`s b pcysgjad art tb sbmf tcgk`gkl.
gmf, cbwfvfr, gs bhfk uk`gkn tb tcf brfanbr. Maky efjbmf ianfn wgtc tcf passgkl yfars, sffgkl wbr`s add tb rugks br mbrtad efauty jrumedf wgtc alf. Jbksfqufktdy, tcfy sff` lrfatfr tcrgdds akn fxpfrgfkjfs tb wcft tcfgr padatfs, bhfk addgkl gktb cfnbkgsm akn nfjanfkjf. Mbst @gknrfn alrff tcat fw tcgkls arf mbrf ngsturegkl tcak a brfanbr kffngkl a kfw cbeey. Fvfk wbrsf gs tcf brfanbr wcb cas efjbmf ebrfn. Dg`f nfjanfkt, pdfasurf-dbvgkl kbegdgty, tcfy skgpf akn ngsparalf tcbsf wcb nb kbt mfft tcfgr fxajt staknarns. Hbr fvfry cbstfss wgtc tcf mbstfst br gkspgrfn artgst, tcfrf gs a jatty prffkfr wcbsf bkdy gktfrfst gs nfstrbygkl btcfrs.
EBKVZ ^UAG^Z
EBKVZ ^UAG^Z
Aegdgty Zjbrf Gkjrfasf. Wbur Jcargsma sjbrf gkjrfasfs ey 5.
Artgst. Wbu arf prbjgfkt gk _frhbrmakjf akn bkf artgst‗s tbbd bh ybur jcbgjf. Gh ybur eaj`lrbukn adsb lrakts prbjgfkjy gk fgtcfr bh tcfsf s`gdds, nbuedf ybur prbjgfkjy ebkus hbr tcat s`gdd.
Awf. \cfk ybu arf aaj`fn ey a jrfaturf wgtcgk :? hfft bh ybu tcat ybu jak sff, ybu jak usf ybur rfajtgbk tb gmpbsf ngsanvaktalf bk tcf aaj` rbdd, ldargkl at ybur aaj`fr wgtc a tfrrghygkl prfsfkjf. Ak aaj`fr tcat jak‗t sff ybu gs kbt afjtfn ey tcgs hfaturf.
^UFMFUF
^UFMFUF
Bkjf a jaead b mbrtad wgzarns, tcf rfmfrf suppbsfndy wrfstfn tcf sfjrfts b vampgrgsm tcrbulc tcfgr bwk arjakf stungfs gk a jbvfrt war nurgkl tcf Nar` Alfs. \gtc tcfgr stbdf egrtcrglct, tcfy jarvfn a pdajf br tcfmsfdvfs gk vampgrgj sbjgfty, cuktgkl nbwk akn fxtgklugscgkl ak akjgfkt b akbtcfr dbst edbbndgkf gk brnfr tb lagk dflgtgmajy wcgdf rffikgkl tcfgr bwk pbtfkt malgjs wgtc tcfgr kfw ukdgvgkl pbwfrs. glctdy ebukn ey jbmmbk stungfs b tcf arjakf akn tcf mgstrust b btcfr jdaks, tcf \ardbj`s arf mystfrgbus, ngstrustfn akn farfn -- akn tcat‗s iust cbw tcfy dg`f gt.
^bulc kbt add rfmfrf can mystgjad dfakgkls gk dgf, tcf rgtuadgstgj strujturf b tcf jdak ergkls add rfjrugts gktb a rglgn cgfrarjcy gk nfatc. Bjjudt prajtgjfs rbm tcf Nar` Alfs scapf maky b tcf jdak‗s ways, wcgdf sfjrft brnfrs b gkgtgatgbk mar` rgtfs b passalf gk tcf jdak‗s rak`s. ^f jdak gtsfd gs ngvgnfn gktb jgrjdfs b rak`gkl, mbvgkl rbm apprfktgjfs (wcb jarry but tcf nay-tb-nay tas`s b tcf jdak) tb rflfkts (wcb bvfrsff jdak aagrs gk a jgty) tb dbrns (wcb fxfrjgsf nbmgkgbk bvfr a partgjudar rflgbk) tb pbktgfxfs (wcbsf rudf fxtfkns tb add rfmfrf ajtgvgtgfs wgtcgk a darlf lfblrapcgj arfa) tb, udtgmatfdy, tcf aedfn Jbukjgd b Zfvfk (wcbsf mfmefrs bvfrsff a jbktgkfkt). Gkgtgatfs strgvf ngdglfktdy tb butpfrbrm tcfgr pffrs gk brnfr tb rgsf gk rak`, yft magktagk a rglgn jbnf b dbyadty tb jdak. ^gs jcagk b jbmmakn prbmbtfs amegtgbk wcgdf ma`gkl tcf rfmfrf
mbrf gksudar akn strujturfn tcak aky btcfr jdak.
Ambkl tcf rak`s b tcf rfmfrf arf Hrffmasbks, mystgjs, wgtjcfs, Kfw Alfrs akn aktgquargaks. ^f jdak nbfs kbt nraw rbm prajtgtgbkfrs b tcf arjakf fxjdusgvfdy, tcbulc. _bdgtgjgaks, fikakjgfrs, sjgfktgsts akn sbdngfrs jak add ef bukn ambkl tcf rak`s b tcf jdak. Zfd-ngsjgpdgkf, a `ffk mgkn akn wgdd tb pbwfr arf quadgtgfs gkcfrfkt tb tcf prbspfjtgvf kfbkatf. Dbyadty tb tcf jdak akn `kbwdfnlf b tcf bjjudt jak ef gkstgddfn datfr.
EBKVZ ^UAG^Z
EBKVZ ^UAG^Z
Aegdgty Zjbrf Gkjrfasf. Wbur Gktfddglfkjf sjbrf gkjrfasfs ey 5.
Akjgfkt Zfjrfts. Wbu arf prbjgfkt gk Arjaka akn Cgstbry. Gh ybur eaj`lrbukn adsb lrakts prbjgfkjy gk fgtcfr bh tcfsf s`gdds, nbuedf ybur prbjgfkjy ebkus hbr tcat s`gdd.
Mystgj Arts. Wbu `kbw twb jaktrgps hrbm tcf wgzarn spfdd dgst. \cfkfvfr ybu kgsc a dbkl rfst, ybu jak jcbbsf kfw jaktrgps gh ybu nfsgrf. Gktfddglfkjf gs ybur spfddjastgkl mbngfr hbr tcfsf spfdds.
^YGMGZJF
^YGMGZJF
_btfkt sbrjfrgfs, jrumedgkl jastdfs, bregnngkl mbuktagks, vgddalfs b cunndfs akn farud pfasakts0 tcfsf gmalfs pday tcrbulc tcf cgstbry b tcf zgmgsjf. ^f sjcbdardy Hrgfkns trajf tcfgr rbbts tb tcf nfmfskfs b Fastfrk Furbpf, wcfrf tcfy rudfs as funad dbrns bvfr a supfrstgtgbus pbpudajf (akn, gk sbmf pdajfs, tcfy stgdd nb, gt gs wcgspfrfn). Fvfk gk tcf mbnfm nay, akajcrbkgstgj efcavgbr akn ukjbmmbk bjjudt gksglct arf caddmar`s b tcf zgmgsjf. Bkjf tcf prf-fmgkfkt sbrjfrfrs b Jagkgtf sbjgfty, tcfy kbw sfrvf tcf Zaeeat as tfrrgygkl, adgfk jrfaturfs tcat fpgtbmgzf tcf trangtgbkad jcarajtfrgstgjs b vampgrfs. ^f lrfat Xdan Nrajud cgmsfd gs sagn tb cavf effk zgmgsjf, tcbulc gk tcf Zaeeat, cf gs jbuktfn as a tragtbr tb tcf jdak.
^f zgmgsjf cavf fxgstfn sgkjf tgmf gmmfmbrgad, rudgkl br lfkfratgbks gk tcf fifs akn prbvgkjfs b Fastfrk Futbpf. ^frf, tcfy fxtfknfn tcfgr tadbkfn cakns bvfr tcf mbrtad vgddalfs akn autcbrgtgfs, erbb`gkl kb rfsgstakjf. ^fgr erbbs b edbbn-ebukn jcgdnfr fxajtfn farsbmf trgeutf, wcgdf tcf `bdnuk sbrjfrfrs pfrbrmfn cgnfbus rgtfs, jaddgkl bk tcf edaj`-stagkfn pbwfr b tcf twgstfn dakns. \gtc tcf jbmgkl b tcf Akarjc Ufvbdt, dflgbks b jcgdnfr erb`f away rbm tcfgr nbmgkffrgkl mastfrs, puttgkl jastdfs akn fdnfrs tb tcf tbrjc. ^f mystgjad rgtuad b tcf Xaudnfrgf, jbrruptfn rbm `bdnuk rgtfs,
erb`f tcf edbbn ebkns akn sfkt jcgdnfr sjrfamgkl as eakns b tfrrbr ravalgkl tcf daknsjapf. At dast, tcf akarjcs nfstrbyfn tcf zgmgsjf Aktfngduvgak, akn tblftcfr wgtc tcf Dbsaera, tcf rfmagkgkl Hgfkns brmfn tcf jbrf b tcf Zaeeat. ^f fw survgvgkl
vgbvbnfs akn `bdnuk scut tcfmsfdvfs away gktcfgr jastdfs, avbgngkl tcf strgf akn jdbsftgkl
tcfmsfdvfs gk ak fardgfr alf. Kbw, tcf Hgfkns‗ gkſtufkjf gk tcf Zaeeat gs sfjbkn bkdy tb tcf
Dbsamera jdak‗s, akn maky efdgfvf tcat tcf zgmgsjf makgpudatf tcf Dbsamera as wfdd.
Hfw jak uknfrstakn tcf mbtgvfs b tcf zgmgsjf. Maky arf gksakf br sbmpdy adgfk tb cumak br vampgrgl mgkns. Vkgktfrfstfn gk sfjudar pbwfr yft wratcud akn nfandy wcfk ed`fn, gkjrfngedy gktfddglfkt eut ukwgddgkl tb lrasp tcf mbnfm alf, ey turks jburtdy akn tbrturbus, tcf zgmgsjf arf a stuny gk jbktrasts - yft tcf Hgfkns tcfmsfdvfs anmgt tb kb ngjcbtbmy. Btcfr vampgrfs trfat tcf zgmgsjf wgtc a luarnfn sbrt b rfspfjt. ^f Hgfkns ta`f tcf lrfatfst gksudt wcfk tcfgr nbmagks arf trfspassfn, yft tcfy cbarn gksglcts tcat tcf btcfr jdaks cavf dbkl sgkjf dbst. Bkjf aklfrfn, a zgmgsjf kfvfr agds tb fxajt rftrgeutgbk. b tcfgr addgfs, tcfy sffm frratgj, yft tcfgr `kbwdfnlf akn tcfgr mgkgbks arf pbtfkt. Hfw wbudn wakt zgmgsjf
—rgfkns,” akn kbkf wakt zgmgsjf fkfmgfs. Gk `ffpgkl wgtc tcfgr egzarrf prfngdfjtgbks, tcf
zgmgsjf Fmerajf rbm ak fjdfjtgj sfdfjtgbk b mbrtads. ^f gksakf arf sbmftgmfs jcbsfk, eut mbst bhfk tcf Hgfkns jcbbsf tcbsf wcbsf mgkns wfrf erb`fk ey sbmf tfrrgedf gksglct. Mbrf bhfk, tcf zgmgsjf Fmerajf tcbsf strbkl
wgdds wcb wfrf twgstfn eut ukebwfn ey ukusuad `kbwdfnlf, wcftcfr sjgfktgsts, malgjgaks br
pcgdbsbpcfrs. Gk sbmf jasfs, tcf zgmgsjfwgdd Fmerajf tcfgr rfvfkakt rfdatgvfs br
mbrtad mgkgbks as a lgh br rfwarn br nfvbtfn sfrvgjf. ^bulc tcf Fmerajf nbfs kbt adtfr tcf ſtfnldgkl zgmgsjf pcysgjaddy, gt fxajts gts prgjf bk tcf mgkn0 fw zgmgsjf cavf tcf japajgty tb fmpatcgzf wgtc tcfgr brmfr mbrtad nays, wcgdf mbrf tcak a fw pgj` up ngsturegkl kfw caegts, scarpfr tfmpfrs akn mbrf tfrrgtbrgad katurfs.
EBKVZ ^UAG^Z
EBKVZ ^UAG^Z
Aegdgty Zjbrf Gkjrfasf. Wbur Nfxtfrgty akn Jcargsma sjbrfs gkjrfasf ey 5. Cgstbrgaks. Wbu arf prbjgfkt gk Cgstbry, akn cavf anvaktalf bk Cgstbry jcfj`s. Malgj Ufsgstakjf. Wbu anvaktalf bk aegdgty savfs tb rfsgst malgj spfdds akn ffjts.
XFK^UVF
XFK^UVF
\cgdf tcf btcfr jdaks pday at lamfs b status br rfefddgbk, tcf Xfktruf ta`f up tcf maktdf b dfanfrscgp akn lugnf Jagkgtf sbjgfty gtsfd. Kbegdgty, sbpcgstgjatgbk akn nuty arf tcf caddmar`s b tcgs jdak. Uudfrscgp gs a ngjudt eurnfk gknffn, eut tcf Xfktruf `kbw tcfmsfdvfs fquad tb tcf tas`. Adtfrkatfdy nfrgnfn akn rfspfjtfn, tcf Xfktruf arf tcf ramfwbr`.
^f rfspbksgegdgtgfs akn prgvgdflfs b autcbrgty arf assumfn ey vampgrfs b tcf Xfktruf jdak. _bwfr efdbkls tb tcbsf wcb jak wgfdn gt, akn sb tcf Xfktruf ajjumudatf prfstglf, gkſtufkjf akn wfadtc. Gk brnfr tb nffkn alagkst tcf pdbts b suetdf bfs, tcf vampgrfs b tcgs jdak jadd bk tcfgr assbjgatfs tb brm staukjc addflgakjfs.
\cfk sff`gkl mbrtad addgfs akn jbmpatrgbts, tcf Xfktruf dbb` tb tcf jrfam b jrbp. ^bsf wcb rgsf tb cfglcts b prbwfss tcrbulc tadfkt, carn wbr` akn kbedf jcarajtfr arf tcf brfmbst rfjrugts ambkl tcf Xfktruf. B jbursf, ambkl tcf bdnfr mfmefrs b tcf jdak, edbbn wgdd tfdd0 sjgbks b wfadtcy akn kbedf amgdgfs arf bhfk gknujtfn, wgtc tcf fxpfjtatgbk tcat tcfgr rarffifn dgkfalf prbvgnfs gksglct akn pbtfktgad efybkn tcat b jbmmbkfrs.
As tcf rudfrs, tcf Xfktruf cbdn a kbedfssf bedglf, a nuty akn rfspbksgegdgty tb dfan akn prbtfjt. Mfmefrs b tcf jdak usf tcfgr pbdgtgjad savvy akn gkſtufktgad pbwfrs tb sway @gknrfn akn mbrtad pbdgtgjs adg`f, ergklgkl prbspfrgty tb vampgrfs akn prbtfjtgkl tcf sbjgfty b tcf uknfan rbm ngsjbvfry. ^us, Xfktruf katuraddy lravgtatf tbwarn pbsgtgbks b pbwfr akn autcbrgty, br attfmpt tb nb sb. B jbursf, sgkjf tcf Xfktruf jakkbt dft btcfr jdaks `kbw tcf cgnnfk sfjrfts akn eurnfks tcat tcfy jarry gk tcf war tb nffkn add vampgrfs, tcfy must assumf tcf eurnfks b dfanfrscgp
adbkf. Cbwfvfr, tcfy arf jfrtagk tb nrbp cgkts aebut tcf eurnfksbmf tas`.
EBKVZ ^UAG^Z
EBKVZ ^UAG^Z
Aegdgty Zjbrf Gkjrfasf. Wbur Gktfddglfkjf akn Jcargsma sjbrfs gkjrfasf ey 1.
Jdak Hgkakjfs. Wbu eflgk pday wgtc 1??? lp, rflarndfss bh jdass. Gk anngtgbk ybur addgfs jak eflgk wgtc 6?? lp, rflarndfss bh tcfgr jdassfs.
Gktgmgnatgkl _rfsfkjf. Wbu jak usf tcf Gktgmgnatgbk s`gdd tb gktgmgnatf a tarlft as ak ajtgbk. Gh tcf tarlft gs kbt a Xfktruf, ybu cavf anvaktalf bk tcf s`gdd jcfj`.
JCA_^FU 59 JDAZZFZ & AUJCF^W_FZ
JCA_^FU 59 JDAZZFZ & AUJCF^W_FZ
Z^AKNAUN JDAZZFZ
Z^AKNAUN JDAZZFZ
Gk tcf mbnfrk-nay sfgkl bh\brdn bh Nar`kfss,
malgj ambkl vampgrfs gs fxjffngkldy rarf akn must ef betagkfn ey mbktcs br yfars bh tutfdalf uknfr a Jagktgtf wcb `kbws sujc prajtgjfs. Ufdglgbus-easfn malgjad ffjts may ef jbkiurfn ey mbrtads, eut tcf bnns bh fkjbuktfrgkl sujc a
dfarkfn gkngvgnuad gs fvfk dfss dg`fdy tcak ambkl @gknrfn.\brdn bh Nar`kfssnbfs kbt cavf jdassfs, akn jcarajtfr nfvfdbpmfkt gs easfn mbrf bk s`gdds akn a prblrfssgbk bh edbbndgkf ngsjgpdgkfs.
Nuklfbks akn Nralbks gs a ngfrfkt stbry.
Efjausf gt gs eugdt upbk a prfmgsf bh cglc haktasy, wgtc dglctkgkl-curdgkl wgzarns akn swbrn-swgklgkl warrgbrs, sbmf fxgegdgty wgdd ef kfjfssary tb anapt
Xampgrf9 ^cf Masqufranf gktb N&N jbktfxt. ^cgs jak
ef qugtf fasy tb nb, gh bkf nbfs kbt ancfrf tbb rmdy tb tcf\brdn bh Nar`kfss sfgkl akn mfktadgty. Efjausf maky vampgrfs cagd hrbm akjgfkt tgmfs bh mglct akn malgj, gt jbudn stakn tb rfasbk tcat tcfy usf s`gdds dfarkfn hrbm a tgmf bh mfngfvad haktasy.
Add bh tcf staknarn N&N jdassfs jak ef pdayfn gk sbmf japajgty gk tcgs jbkvfrsgbk - wgtc a hfw fxjfptgbks akn dgmgtatgbks. Bkf bh tcf egllfst rfstrgjtgbks jbmfs wgtc vampgrfs akn rfdglgbus jdassfs. Qugtf sgmpdf, gt jakkbt cappfk. Xampgrfs arf jursfn. Kbt bkdy arf tcfy scukkfn ey tcf nfgj pbwfrs tcat ef, eut tcfgr sbuds arf tagktfn - akn tcfrfhbrf cavf kb aegdgty tb jcakkfd malgj akn pbwfrs bh tcf spgrgt. As sujc, Xampgrfs jakkbt efjbmf Jdfrgjs br _adangks, fvfk gh tcfy arf nfngjatfn tb fvgd nfgtgfs. Nrugns akn Uaklfrs, tcbulc rarf ambkl @gknrfn, arf bkdy sdglctdy mbrf pfrmgssgedf uknfr tcf prftfxt tcat tcf jcarajtfr cas a strbkl jbkkfjtgbk tb Fartc fkfrly. Cbwfvfr sgkjf mbst akgmads cavf ak avfrgsbk tb vampgrfs, jbmprbmgsf wgtc tcf NM may ef rfqugrfn.
Cumaks, tcbulc at a pcysgjad ngsanvaktalf jbmparfn tb mbkstrbus vampgrfs, cavf hudd ajjfss tb tcf jdassfs akn arjcftypfs avagdaedf tb pdayfrs. Jbksgnfrgkl tcf supfrkaturad akn fdfmfktad vudkfraegdgtgfs bh @gknrfn, tcf aegdgty tb wgfdn ngvgkf mglct akn jbkiurf malgjad amfs lgvfs tcfm tcf pbwfr tcfy kffn tb jbmeat jrfaturfs bh nar`kfss.
Jagtgs (br cadh-vampgrfs) hadd sbmfwcfrf eftwffk tcfsf fxtrfmfs. Gk tfrms bh jdassfs avagdaedf,
tcfy arf jbksgnfrfn Cumak. ^cfy cavf rftagkfn tcfgr sbud, yft cavf ajqugrfn tcf Jursf. Hbr tcf mbst part tcfy arf aedf tb pday ngvgkf-easfn jdassfs, yft tcf bnns bh a dglct-wgfdngkl, fvgd-smgtgkl efajbk bh cbdy iustgjf ambkl tcfgr rak`s arf fxtrfmfdy dbw. Gh akytcgkl tcfy wbudn dg`fdy cavf a mbrf kfutrad mbtgvatgbk, fgtcfr cuktgkl vampgrfs wcb tcfy sff as aebmgkatgbks br ajtgkl prgmargdy but bh sfdh-prfsfrvatbk.
As har as spfjgj jdassfs lb, tcf ratgbkadf efcgkn a Cumak br Jagtg pdaygkl tcfm jak ef ratcfr
straglcthbrwarn. Hbr Xampgrfs, tcfy jak ef surmgzfn gk tcf hbddbwgkl fxampdfs9
EAUEAUGAK9 Wbur mbkstrbus katurf gs earfdy `fpt gk jcfj` as gt gs. \cfk eadf eflgks, ybur gkkfr efasts turks ybu gktb a ralgkl warrgbr.
EAUN9 Wbur vbgjf cas traksjfknfn tcf mbrtad vfgd, akn ybu nraw hrbm tcf pbwfr bh tcf aftcfr. \cftcfr a sgrfk br rbj` star, ybur musgj jak fgtcfr sbbtc br sday savalf efasts.
NUVGN9 ^cf savalry bh tcf wgdn gs a parangsf jbmparfn tb tcf mfjcakatgbks bh mak. Wbu‗n ratcfr ef dfht tb tcf sbdgtunf bh katurf tcak fknurf tcf dgvgkl Cfdd bh jgty dghf.
HGLC^FU9 Uagsfn gk ak alf wcfrf edanfs wcfrf cbkbrfn symebds bh pbwfr akn s`gdd, akjgfkt malgj akn mbnfrk luks arf kb matjc hbr a rfdgaedf wfapbk gk ybur cakns.
MBK@9 Wbu‗vf spfkt mujc br ybur dghf nfpfkngkl bk kbtcgkl mbrf tcak ybursfdh. Eadf gs kb ngfrfkt. ^crbulc hbjus akn jdargty ybu bvfrjbmf add bestajdfs. UAKLFU9 Cavgkl lrbwk up bk tcf hrgklfs bh sbjgfty, ybu prfhfr tb `ffp mbvgkl akn avbgn tcf fyfs bh mbnfrk cumakgty adtblftcfr.
UBLVF9 Zcanbws arf tcf dagr bh tcf vampgrf, akn ybu ma`f tcfm ybur cbmf. \cftcfr erfa`gkl gktb sfjurfn dbjatgbks bh jdgmegkl gktb bpfk wgknbws, ybu arf a tragkfn warrgbr bh nar`kfss.
ZBUJFUFU9 ^cf pbwfr gk ybur edbbn lrakts ybu malgj efybkn mbrtad jbmprfcfksgbk. \cb kffns tb jadd upbk tcf lbns wcfk ybu cavf gt wgtcgk ybu tb efjbmf bkf2
\AUDBJ@9 Dft tcf mbnfrk hbbds efdgfvf tcfmsfdvfs strbkl. Wbu `kbw tcf pbwfr bh tcf Akjgfkts akn nar` dbrns, akn ey sfrvgkl tcfm ybu wgdd tastf truf strfkltc. \GYAUN9 ^cf lrfatfst sfjrfts gk cgstbry cavf effk dbst tb add ebtc tcbsf ngdglfkt fkbulc tb sff` tcfm. Wbu cavf effk fktrustfn wgtc tbmfs bh malgj, akn dgvf tb dd tcfm wgtc malgj tcat cas kbt effk wgtkfssfn gk jfkturgfs.
JDAZZ AUJCF^W_FZ
JDAZZ AUJCF^W_FZ
Zgkjf Hferuary bh 5?16, sta mfmefrs bh \gzarns bh tcf Jbast cavf rfdfasfn rfludar gkstaddmfkts bh suppdfmfktad matfrgads hbr tcfgrNuklfbks &
Nralbks 6tc Fngtgbk systfm. Ambkl tcfsf matfrgads
arf kumfrbus kfw jdass arjcftypfs, maky bh wcgjc jbudn ef apprbprgatf hbr aXampgrf9 ^cf Masqufranf
jampaglk sfgkl. ^cbulc tcfy jakkbt ef gkjdunfn efdbw gk tcfgr fktgrfty, nuf tb jbpyrglct rfludatgbks,
tcfy arf dgstfn. Hbr nftagds, ybu arf fkjburalfn tb dbb` up tcf \gzarns bh tcf Jbast wfesgtf akn sfarjc hbr tcf jbrrfspbkngkl artgjdfs.
EAUEAUGAK9 AKJFZ^UAD LVAUNGAK EAUN9 JBDDFLF BH LDAMBVU EAUN9 JBDDFLF BH \CGZ_FUZ JDFUGJ9 JG^W NBMAGK HGLC^FU9 ZCAU_ZCBB^FU MBK@9 wAW BH ^CF @FKZAG UAKLFU9 NFF_ Z^AD@FU UBLVF9 MAZ^FUMGKN UBLVF9 ZJBV^ ZBUJFUFU9 ZCANB\
\AUDBJ@9 LCBZ^ GK ^CF MAJCGKF _A^UBK \GYAUN9 AU^GHGJFU ^UANG^GBK
\GYAUN9 ^FJCKBMAKJW ^UANG^GBK Gk anngtgbk, tcgs ebb` jbktagks twb kfw arjcftypfs gkspgrfn ey tcf Ngsjgpdgkfs akn aegdgtgfs hbukn wgtcgk tcfXampgrf9 ^cf Masqufranf matfrgads -tcf Mbk` arjcftypf \ay bh Jfdfrgty akn -tcf Zbrjfrfr brglgk Xgtaf.
MBK@9 \AW BH JFDFUG^W
MBK@9 \AW BH JFDFUG^W
As bkf bh tcf pcysgjaddy aulmfktgkl ngsjgpdfs bh vampgrfs, akn bkf bh tcf mbrf jbmmbkdy-fkjbuktfrfn, Jfdfrgty rfprfsfkts prftfrkaturad spffn akn rffxfs. \cfk aklrfn, strfssfn, br jbksumfn wgtc kffn, ybu jak usf tcf pbwfr gkcfrfkt gk tcf edbbn tb hufd ybur ajtgbks wgtc gkjrfngedf swghtkfss.
Mbvgkl gk a edur bh spffn may ef ffjtgvf akn gktgmgnatgkl, eut gt gs adsb a jbksgnfraedf erfajc bh tcf Masqufranf. Maky hrfsc vampgrf kfbpcytfs, fxjgtfn bvfr tcfgr kfw pcysgjad prbwfss, dg`f tb rajf fajc btcfr br jcasf nbwk tcfgr prfy gk a asc. Wft tcfy sbbk kn tcfy arf kbt hast fkbulc tb butruk tcf fdnfr vampgrfs wcb sff` tb magktagk tcf sfjrfjy bh tcfgr `gknrfn at add jbsts.
ADAJUG^W
Ztartgkl wcfk ybu jcbbsf tcgs arjcftypf at :rn dfvfd, ybu cavf anvaktalf bk Gkgtgatgvf rbdds. Gk anngtgbk, ybu jak spfkn 1 `g pbgkt tb rfrbdd a Nfxtfrgty aegdgty savf. Wbu must nfjdarf tcf usf bh tcgs aegdgty efhbrf tcf rfsudts bh tcf rbdd arf nftfrmgkfn, akn ybu must usf tcf rfsudts bh tcf sfjbkn rbdd fvfk gh gt gs dbwfr.
Z\GH^KFZZ
Eflgkkgkl at 8tc dfvfd, wcfk tcfrf arf mudtgpdf bppbkfkts aniajfkt tb ybur mbvfmfkt patc, ybu jak ma`f a sgkldf aaj` rbdd alagkst fvfry vadgn tarlft adbkl tcf way. Gh ybu spfkn 1 `g pbgkt efhbrf rbddgkl, ybu cavf anvaktalf bk tcf aaj` rbdd.
DFLFUG^W
At 11tc dfvfd, as ak ajtgbk ybu jak nfsglkatf a :? hbbt rangus arfa jfktfrfn bk a pbgkt wgtcgk :? hfft bh ybu tcat ybu jak sff. Wbu daukjc gktb mbtgbk, spfkngkl `g pbgkts tb ajjbmpdgsc a jfrtagk ffjt bh ybur jcbgjf9
1 @g - Wbu nasc arbukn tcf arfa pfrhbrmgkl mgkbr ajtgbks, sujc as jdbsgkl nbbrs, bpfkgkl wgknbws, br pgj`gkl up smadd
beifjts.
5 @g - Wbu gkstaktdy nbusf rfs, jdfar smb`f hrbm tcf arfa, br nfsglkatf prbkf addgfs wcb arf kbw stakngkl.
: @g - Wbu jak ma`f a sgkldf aaj` rbdd alagkst add fkfmy tarlfts gk tcf arfa. Gh sujjfsshud, ybu jak jcbbsf tb fgtcfr nfad namalf br ngsarm tcfm.
HDFF^KFZZ
At 1<tc dfvfd ybu efjbmf a vbrtfx bh spffn, aedf tb mbvf sb hast hfw jak sff ybu mujc dfss `ffp up wgtc ybu. Ey spfkngkl 5 `g pbgkts as a ebkus ajtgbk, ybu jak ma`f a sfjbkn Gkgtgatgvf rbdd. Hbr tcf rfst bh tcf fkjbuktfr ybu jak ajt kbrmaddy bk ebtc Gkgtgatgvf rfsudts. Aky ffjt bk ybu tcat gs mfasurfn gk rbukns usfs ybur rst Gkgtgatgvf rbdd, akn gh aky dgklfrgkl ffjt prfvfkts ajtgbk - sujc as tcfcbdn pfrsbkspfdd -tcf sfjbkn Gktgatgvf ajtgbk gs dg`fwgsf prfvfktfn.
ZBUJFUFU9 X
ZBUJFUFU9 XG^AF BUGLGK
G^AF BUGLGK
Xampgrfs arf jrfaturfs bh malgj, yft kbt fvfry Jagkgtf jak trudy tap gktb tcf pbwfr bh tcfgr edbbn. A hfw cavf carkfssfn tcgs pbwfr, turkgkl tcfgr jursf gktb a vfry pbtfkt lght. Gk tcf Nar` Alfs, tcf ^rfmfrf jdak rbsf tb prbmgkfkjf tcrbulc tcf usf bh wcat tcfy jadd
^caumaturly. Ey jbmegkgkl tcfgr mbrtad wgzarndy
`kbwdfnlf wgtc tcfgr kfw-hbukn pbwfrs bh edbbn, tcf ^rfmfrf ngsjbvfrfn ways tb jbktrbd tcf makgpudatgbk bh Xgtaf, hbrjgkl gt tb pfrhbrm spfjgadgzfn pbwfrs. Zgkjf tcfk tcf sbrjfrbus^caumaturly cas effk passfn tb - br stbdfk ey - mfmefrs bh btcfr jdaks, tcbulc tcf ffjt bh tcf edbbn malgj cas kbt ngmgkgscfn gk tcf cakns bh gts kfw mastfrs.
^AZ^F HBU EDBBN
At 1st dfvfd, ybu jak tastf edbbn tb nftfrmgkf gkhbrmatgbk aebut tcf bkf wcb scfn gt. As ak ajtgbk ybu jak ma`f a NJ 1? Gksglct jcfj`. Bk a sujjfss ybu nftfrmgkf tcf kamf, rajf (br vampgrf jdak), akn apprbxgmatf dfvfd br jcaddfklf ratgkl bh tcf jrfaturf wcb scfn tcf edbbn. Gh ybu usf tcgs
hfaturf alagk alagkst a kfw sburjf bh edbbn, gkhbrmatgbk aebut prfvgbus jrfaturfs gs dbst.
^CFH^ BH XG^AF
Adsb eflgkkgkl at 1st dfvfd, gh ybu cavf usfn ^astf Hbr Edbbn tb nftfrmgkf gkhbrmatgbk bk a jrfaturf wgtcgk tcf dast cbur, tcat jrfaturf cas ngsanvaktalf bk wfapbk aaj` rbdds alagkst ybu. Gh tcfy mgss ybu, ybu cavf anvaktalf bk ybur kfxt wfapbk aaj` rbdd alagkst tcfm. Wbu must aaj` tcfm wgtcgk 1 rbukn ahtfr tcfy mgss ybu br tcf anvaktalf gs dbst. _B^FK^ XG^AF Eflgkkgkl at 8tc dfvfd, ybu jak spfkn 1 Zbrjfry _bgkt tb rfrbdd
a Ztrfkltc, Nfxtfrgty, br Jbkstgtutgbk aegdgty jcfj` br savf. Wbu must nfjdarf tcf usf bh tcgs aegdgty efhbrf tcf rfsudts bh tcf rbdd arf nftfrmgkfn, akn ybu must usf tcf rfsudts bh tcf sfjbkn rbdd fvfk gh gt gs dbwfr. EDBBN HBUM
Ztartgkl at 1>tc dfvfd, ybu lagk tcf aegdg ty tb fktfr a dgqugn statf wcgdf mbvgkl.
\cfk ybu mbvf bk ybur turk, ybu ta`f bkdy cadh namalf hrbm bppbrtukgty aaj`s, akn ybu jak mbvf tcrbulc aky fkfmy‗s spajf eut jak‗t wgddgkldy fkn ybur mbvf tcfrf.
Bk ybur turk, ybu jak mbvf tcrbulc aky spajf tcat gs at dfast : gkjcfs gk ngamftfr akn nb sb wgtcbut squffzgkl. \cfk ybu stbp mbvgkl, tcf rfludar squffzgkl rudfs appdy gh ybu‗rf gk a spajf bkf sgzf smaddfr tcak ybu. Wbu jak‗t wgddgkldy stbp gk a spajf smaddfr tcak tcat, akn gh ybu‗rf hbrjfn tb nb sb, ybu gmmfngatfdy bw tb tcf kfarfst spajf tcat jak t ybu, eaj` adbkl tcf patc bh ybur mbvfmfkt.
JAVDNUBK BH EDBBN
At 13tc dfvfd, ybu jak usf ybur mastfry bvfr vgtaf tb ebgd tcf edbbn bh btcfrs. \cfk
ybu sujjfsshuddy cgt a jrfaturf wgtc ak ukarmfn strg`f br mfdff
aaj` rbdd, ybu jak spfkn 5
Zbrjfry _bgkts tb nfad fxtranamalf fquad tb 1n8 rf
namalf pfr Zbrjfrfr dfvfd ybu pbssfss. Gh ybu cavf usfn ^astf Hbr Edbbn tb nftfrmgkf gkhbrmatgbk bk tcf jrfaturf wgtcgk tcf
dast cbur, ybu jak usf tcgs hfaturf at a raklf bh :? hfft hbddbwgkl a sujjfss spfdd aaj` br raklfn aaj` rbdd alagkst tcat jrfaturf.
^cf nar`kfss gs a wbrdn bh jbkqufst, bh nuegbus prbmgsfs akn sfjrftgvf addgfs. Mbrtads akn gmmbrtads adg`f cagd hrbm ngvfrsf eaj`lrbukns, akn wcgdf sbmf jdgkl tb tcfgr brglgks wgtc prgnf btcfrs cavf nbkf add gk tcfgr pbwfr tb rfmbvf tcfmsfdvfs hrbm tcfgr hbrmfr nays.
Aky staknarn eaj`lrbukn hrbm tcf_dayfr‗s
Caknebb` br btcfr bjgad sburjfs jbudn ef
jbksgnfrfn apprbprgatf tb aXampgrf9 ^cf Masqufranf
sfgkl. Efdbw gs a dgst bh kfw akn sfgkl-spfjgj eaj`lrbukns tb usf hbr jcarajtfrs.
EVUFAVJUAJW
EVUFAVJUAJW
Wbu jak makalf vargbus lbvfrkmfkt alfkjgfs akn eurfaus. Ey nfadgkl wgtc sbjgad prblrams akn puedgj
sfrvakts, ybu jak spgk rfn tapf, eypass rudfs akn rfludatgbks br twgst eurfaujratgj rflgmfktatgbk tb ybur anvaktalf. Eurfaujrajy gs usfhud gk bpfratgkl br scugkl nbwk eusgkfssfs, ha`gkl br ajqugrgkl pfrmgts akn gnfktgjatgbk papfrs akn makgpudatgkl puedgj utgdgtgfs akn hajgdgtgfs. Lbvfrkmfkt jdfr`s at tcf jgty akn jbukty dfvfd, utgdgty wbr`frs, rban jrfws, survfybrs akn btcfr jgvgd sfrvakts arf pbtfktgad jbktajts br addgfs.
Z`gdd _rbhjgfkjgfs9 Gktgmgnatgbk, _frsuasgbk ^bbd _rbhjgfkjgfs9 Kbkf
Daklualfs9 ^wb bh ybur jcbgjf
Fqugpmfkt9 _frsbkad GN, a smadd `kghf, a nbssgfr bh gmpbrtakt gkngvgnuads, a sft bh kf jdbtcfs, a jfdd pcbkf, a ergfhjasf, akn a waddft jbktagkgkl 16 lp.
HFA^VUF9 AD^FUKA^GXF DA\Z
Wbu cavf a `kaj` hbr sgnfstfppgkl dflad prbjfnurfs akn fvangkl pbdgtgjad sjrutgky. \cfk ybu fkjbuktfr a sgtuatgbk rfqugrgkl jbksgnfraedf pfrmgssgbk br rfn tapf ‚ sujc as lagkgkl ajjfss tb a pbdgtgjad eugdngkl, rfqufstgkl prgvatf dfs, br hrffgkl ak addy hrbm prgsbk ‚ ybu jak ma`f a hfw jadds tb pudd tcf rglct strgkls. ^cgs ngpdbmatgj dfkgfkjy nbfs cavf gts dgmgts, akn bkdy prbtfjts ybu, sb surrbukngkl ybursfdh wgtc jbkspgjubus jbmpatrgbts may gmpfnf ybur suetdfty.
JCA_^FU :9 EAJ@LUBVKNZ & ^UAG^Z
JCA_^FU :9 EAJ@LUBVKNZ & ^UAG^Z
ZVLLFZ^FN JCAUAJ^FUGZ^GJZ
^cf daws bh mak nb kbt appdy tb ybu. ^crbulc ybur jbkkfjtgbks akn jdbut ybu‗vf effk aedf tb mbvf aebut dg`f a lcbst. \cgdf tcgs jbudn vfry wfdd dfan tb a nfmfakbr bh arrblakjf br jaddbuskfss, gt gs ngjudt hbr ybu tb ta`f tcf —jbmmbk mak” sfrgbusdy. Wbur alfknas akn nfsgrfs supfrsfnf sujc trgvgad kugsakjfs as nuf prbjfss akn papfrwbr`.
n8 _frsbkadgty
1 G cavf a tfknfkjy tb glkbrf btcfrs‗ jbkjfrks bh dflad rfpfrjussgbks.
5 G dg`f tb nrbp kamfs bh gmpbrtakt pbdgtgjad lurfs, fvfk gh tcfy‗rf kbt rfdfvakt tb tcf jbkvfrsatgbk.
: G ajtuaddy nbk‗t `kbw mujc dflad iarlbk, eut G jfrtagkdy prftfkn dg`f G nb.
> Zbmf pfbpdf kn my ib`fs bfksgvf, eut G rfaddy nbk‗t jarf.
6 My pbdgtgjad nay (br kglct) ibe gs my dghf. G jbudnk‗t gmalgkf nbgkl akytcgkl fdsf.
8 G‗m vfry hrulad wgtc my makfuvfrgkl. Zbbkfr br datfr G‗m lbgkl tb lft jaulct.
n> Ebkn
1 G kffn my ibe, akn my ibe kffns mf. \cat fdsf nb G cavf tb dgvf hbr2
5 My hamgdy gs my edbbn, akn G wgdd scfn mgkf tb sfrvf akn prbtfjt tcfm.
: Jgtgfs rgsf akn hadd ey tcf daws wgtcgk tcfm, akn G nb my part tb `ffp mgkf rukkgkl.
> G wgdd lft wcat G wakt, wcfk G wakt, akn wgdd nfstrby akybkf wcb lfts gk my way.
