Rustomjee Cambridge International School and Junior College
2nd TERM EXAMINATION (2012-13)SUBJECT: BIOLOGY GRADE: IX Div.__
---Question Number 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Total
Marks Obtained
I) Choose the correct options: [10 marks]
1) The diagram shows some organs in the human abdomen. What is the function of X?
A) to digest fats B) to make enzymes C) to store bile D) to store urine
2) The diagram shows a root hair that is absorbing ions from the surrounding soil.What assists the uptake of ions by the root hair?
A) a high concentration of ions in the root hair B) a large surface area of the root hair
C) a low temperature in the surrounding soil D) rapid uptake of water from the soil by osmosis
Name:_____________________________________________________Roll No.__________
open closed A bicuspid semi-lunar B bicuspid tricuspid C semi-lunar bicuspid D semi-lunar tricuspid
4) Which statement explains why, even when athletes have finished a race, they still carry on breathing more quickly and deeply than normal for several minutes?
A) to remove carbon dioxide produced during anaerobic respiration B) to remove urea produced by breakdown of amino acids
C) to replace stored glycogen in muscles
D) to take in extra oxygen to breakdown lactic acid
5) Which action causes rays of light from a near object to be focused on the retina? A) ciliary muscles contract B) ciliary muscles relax
C) circular iris muscles contract D) circular iris muscles relax 6) Which of these drugs can be both addictive and depressant?
key
√ = yes
X = no
7) Where and how does carbon dioxide enter a plant?
where how
A root hair cells osmosis B root hair cells diffusion
C stomata osmosis
D stomata diffusion
8) An experiment is performed to investigate the germination of barley grains, as follows. ● Three petri dishes are set up as shown in diagram 1.
● The dishes are left for 3 days.
● Iodine solution is added to the starch-agar substrate. alcohol heroin
A √ √
B √ X
C X √
Which is the best explanation of the results?
A) Amylase is produced by barley grains that have been boiled. B) Amylase from barley grains is destroyed when they are boiled. C) Germinating grains prevent iodine from staining starch blue / black. D) Starch from the substrate is used by the grains as an energy source. 9) To investigate whether bacteria in the mouth produce acids, a student ● rubbed two pieces of sterile cotton wool on his teeth,
● dipped only one of these pieces into finely powdered sugar, ● left both pieces in separate petri dishes for thirty minutes, ● covered both pieces with Universal Indicator solution.
[Universal Indicator solution colours: above pH 7, dark green to blue; pH 6-7, green; below pH 6, yellow to red]
Which colours will be observed at the end of the experiment?
sample dipped into sugar sample not dipped into sugar
A green green
B green red
C red green
D red red
10) The diagram shows the concentrations of glucose in two cells X and Y.
If cell X and Y come into contact, the concentration of glucose in each cell begins to change. When will there be no further change?
A) when cell X and cell Y have the same glucose concentration B) when cell X has a higher glucose concentration than cell Y C) when all the glucose in cell X
D) when all the glucose is in cell Y
11) The diagram represents part of the human circulatory system. Where is the blood pressure highest?
12) The graph shows pressure changes in the left ventricle and the left atrium (auricle) as the heart beats. When is the ventricle contracting?
13) Which equation represents anaerobic respiration in yeast?
A) glucose → alcohol + carbon dioxide B) glucose → alcohol + water C) glucose → lactic acid + carbon dioxide D) glucose → lactic acid + water 14) What is the excretory product in blood that is removed by the lungs?
15) What is the best way to discover whether a bacterium would be destroyed by penicillin? A) Compare the growth of the bacterium in a nutrient medium with the growth of a similar but
non-pathogenic bacterium.
B) Grow the bacterium in a nutrient medium and observe the effect of adding penicillin. C) Inoculate a person with the bacterium and then observe the effect of the treatment with
penicillin.
D) Treat an infected person with another antibiotic and observe the result.
16) The diagram shows a cell with groups of bacteria around its edge. The bacteria move to areas of high oxygen concentration. Which process in the cell causes the bacteria to form these groups?
A) digestion B) photosynthesis C) reproduction D) respiration
17) Dietary fibre passes through several structures after leaving the stomach. In which order does the dietary fibre pass through these structures?
A) duodenum → ileum → colon → rectum B) duodenum → ileum → rectum → colon C) ileum → duodenum → colon → rectum D) ileum → duodenum → rectum → colon 18) Which type of cells do all sense organs contain?
A) ciliated B) effector C) mesophyll D) receptor
After a meal, which blood vessel will contain the greatest concentration of sugar? 20) Read the following sentence.
In order to prevent the human body from losing heat, the arterioles supplying the skin become narrow. Which process does this sentence describe?
A) constriction B) shivering C) sweating D) vasodilation
II) Mammals have a double circulatory system.
A) Explain what is meant by a double circulatory system [1 mark]
_________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________ B) The below figure shows sections of three blood vessels: an artery, a capillary and a vein.
State one function for each of the blood vessels shown in the figure [3 marks]
i) Artery :___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ii)Capillary:__________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ iii)Vein_____________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ C) Explain how the structure of the artery shown in the above figure is adapted to its function
___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ D) Explain how valves help the transport of blood in veins. [1 mark]
___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________
III A) The figure shows structures in the human thorax. (a) Complete the table by identifying parts A, B and C and
describing their roles in breathing in. [4 ½ marks]
Part Name Role in breathing in
A
B
C
i) Explain how these cells help to keep the bronchus free from dust and bacteria [2 marks]
___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ (ii) Describe how the actions of these cells would be affected by one named compound of
tobacco smoke [ 2 marks]
___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________
C) Figure shows a transverse section through an Ammophila leaf. This plant has very long roots. Fig. 4.2 shows a cactus plant. Both plants live in very dry conditions.
Suggest how each of the following adaptations would enable the named plant to survive
in very dry conditions. [2 marks]
(i) Ammophila
1. rolled leaves with stomata on the inside of the leaf
___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ 2. thick waxy cuticle on the outside of the leaf
___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________
(ii)Cactus [2 marks]
1. very long roots-____________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________ 2. fleshy green stem-__________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ (D) Water is involved in a number of processes in plants. Complete the table by
(i) naming the processes described;
(ii) stating one variable that, if increased, would speed up the process [4 ½ marks]
description of process name of process Variable that, if increased, would speed up the process absorption of water from
the soil _______________________ __________________________ __________________________ using water to form
glucose _______________________ __________________________ __________________________ Movement of water
vapour out of leaves _______________________ __________________________ __________________________
IVA) If the glucose in the blood rises above its normal concentration, insulin is secreted to bring the concentration back to normal.
(i) Suggest one explanation for a rise in the concentration of glucose in the blood. [1 mark]
___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ (ii) Name the organ that secretes insulin. [1 mark]
___________________________________________________________________________ (iii) Describe the role of the liver in bringing the concentration of glucose in the blood
back to normal. [1 mark]
___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ (iv) State the term that describes how a substance, such as glucose, in the body is
maintained at a constant level. [1 mark]
___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ (v ) Diabetics are unable to control their blood glucose levels naturally. Human insulin can now be made using bacteria that have been genetically engineered. Insulin is a protein. Suggest why insulin has to be injected rather than taken by mouth. [1 mark]
___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ IV B) Fig. 1.1 A shows a cell from the lining of the
alimentary canal. Fig. 1.1 B shows a cell from the lining of a kidney tubule. Both cells absorb substances into the blood. (a) Name the structures labelled C on the cells in Fig. 1.1.
____________________________________________________________________[1 mark]
(b) List three substances that are absorbed by both cells shown in Fig. 1.1.
1__________________________________________________________________________ 2__________________________________________________________________________ 3__________________________________________________________________ [3 marks]
c) Explain how both cells shown in Fig. 1.1 are adapted for absorption of substances into the blood. [2 marks]
___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ d) Name the part of the alimentary canal that is lined by the cells shown in Fig. 1.1 A. [1 mark]
___________________________________________________________________________ e) Define the term growth.
___________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________[1 mark]
V A)Some students investigated the responses of tomato seedlings to receiving light from one side (unidirectional light). The students germinated tomato seeds in the dark and then placed the seedlings in test-tubes with water. The seedlings were treated in four different ways, E to H, as shown in Fig. 2.1. The responses of the seedlings are shown in Fig. 2.2.
i) Name the response shown by the tomato seedling, F, which has bent 90º towards the light. ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________[1 mark]
ii) Using the results shown in Fig. 2.2, suggest what conclusions may be made about how the tomato seedlings detected the stimulus of unidirectional light. You may refer to the
seedlings by the letters E to H. [1mark]
___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ iii) Explain the advantage of the response shown by seedlings to unidirectional light. [2 marks]
___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ iv) Responses to light are coordinated by plant growth substances known as auxins. Explain
the role of auxins in coordinating the response. [2 marks]
___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ v) Research workers in India tested the hypothesis that pigments in tomato seedlings
detect blue light. They used a variety of tomato seedling that does not have the ability
to make a certain pigment. These seedlings and a control group of seedlings were grown in the dark and then exposed to unidirectional blue light for 360 minutes. The scientists measured the degree of bending of the seedlings at intervals during the 360 minutes. Their results are shown in the figure.
(a) Describe the results shown in the above figure [2 marks]
___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ (b) Suggest an explanation for the differences between the responses of the two groups of
seedlings. [2 marks]
___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ B) Fig. 2.1 shows the changes that occur to the iris when a light is switched on.
(a) (i) Describe and explain the change to the eye as the light is switched on. [2 marks]
___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ (ii) Explain why the change you described is necessary. [1 mark]
___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________
(iii) Distinguish between the functions of rods and cones in the eye. [2 marks]
___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ (b) Fig. 2.2 shows the neurones involved in stimulating the muscles in the iris when the
changes shown in Fig. 2.1 take place.
(i) On Fig. 2.2 draw an arrow on each of the four neurones to show the direction taken by the impulses when the light is switched on. [1 mark]
(ii) Muscles in the iris are described as antagonistic. Explain the term antagonistic using the muscles in the iris as an example. [ 2 marks]
___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ (iii) Neurones that terminate in the adrenal gland stimulate the release of adrenaline into
the blood. Describe situations when adrenaline would be released from the gland into the
blood. [ 2 marks]
___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________
(iv) State one advantage of releasing adrenaline to coordinate the body rather than
using nerve impulses. [1 mark] ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________
C) A small quantity of a fungus was put into a fermenter with all the nutrients required for growth and kept at an appropriate temperature. The fungus was provided with nutrients at a suitable pH at the start. The below figure shows the growth of the fungus over 160 hours.
(a) Explain why the biomass of the fungus did not increase during the stationary phase
after 110 hours. [2 marks]
___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________
Mycoprotein is a food made from the fungus, Fusarium venenatum. The production process for mycoprotein is shown in the figure.
(b) Explain why ammonia and air are pumped into the fermenter. [2 marks]
___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ (c) The growth depends on the activity of enzymes in the fungus. Explain why the temperature in the fermenter is kept constant. [2 marks]
___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________
(d) Efficient production of mycoprotein depends on keeping the fungus in the exponential phase of growth. Explain how the production process, shown in the above figure, keeps the fungus in the exponential phase. [2 marks]
___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ (e) The fungus extracted from the fermenter contains nutrients and is converted into foods,
such as burgers and sausages, that are suitable for vegetarians. During processing, food additives are mixed with the fungus. State two reasons for mixing food additives with the fungus that is made into foods. [ 2 marks]
1________________________________________________________________________ 2________________________________________________________________________
ATP
VI A] The below figure shows sections through ginger (Zingiber officinale) and lotus (Nelumbo nucifera)
Stems
(a) (i) State one visible similarity between the two stems. [1 mark]
___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________
(ii) Complete Table 3.1 to show three visible differences between the two stems. [3 marks]
stem
difference ginger lotus
1
2
3
b) Lotus plants live in water.
Suggest and explain an adaptation of the lotus stem to its water habitat. [2 marks]
___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ (c) The cells of lotus roots contain starch grains. Describe how you would prepare a
microscope slide of the cells of a lotus stem to show the starch grains. [2 marks]
___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ B] The below figure shows three cress seedlings grown under different conditions. The seeds
(a) The cress seedlings, D, E and F differ in appearance.For each seedling state how it is different and suggest an explanation. [6 marks]
(i) seedling D-________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ (ii) seedling E-_______________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ (iii) seedling F -______________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ (b) Seeds develop within the fruits of flowering plants. Fig. 3.2 shows two types of fruit, G
(i) Describe two similarities between fruit G and fruit H. [2 marks]
1.__________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ 2.__________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________
(ii) Complete Table 3.1 by recording two differences between fruit G and fruit H. [2 marks]
fruit g fruit h
1. __________________________________ ____________________________________
____________________________________ _____________________________________ 2. __________________________________
____________________________________
____________________________________ _____________________________________
(c) Suggest how the seeds may be dispersed from these two fruits. [2 marks]
___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________
