The Water Cycle
1. Evaporation
Liquid water becomes a gas called water vapor.
2. Condensation
Water vapor change back to water droplets as the air temperature cools. Clouds and dew
form.
3. Precipitation
Water falls from the clouds as rain, snow, sleet,
or hail. Snow, sleet, and hail occur when the
4. Runof
If precipitation falls on land surfaces, it attempts
to return to the oceans or lakes as runof.
Pass Practice
Clouds form as a result of which stage of the water cycle?
A.Evaporation B.Condensation C.Precipitation D.transpiration
Pass Practice
What statement best describes evaporation?
A.Water vapor cools and changes into a liquid. B.Water falls from clouds down to the Earth. C.Water vapor rises into the atmosphere.
D.Water cools quickly and becomes ice.
Pass Practice
What role does the sun play in the water cycle?
A.It heats the water and causes some to evaporate.
B.It forces precipitation out of the clouds. C.It causes a warm front to move in.
D.It creates water condensation that forms in ice crystals.
Types of Clouds
How do clouds form?
Clouds form when water vapor in the air rises, cools, and condenses. The water vapor turns
into water droplets that make up a cloud. A cloud is a collection of
1. Cirrus
They are high, thin, and wispy clouds. They are formed from ice crystals. You see cirrus clouds with fair (good) weather.
2. Cumulus
They are pufy, lumpy clouds with a flat bottom. They bring rain when they are dark, but they
3. Stratus
They are layers of clouds that spread out over a large area like a blanket. They are low in the sky.
Cloud Order in the Sky
HIGH
What type of cloud?
What types of clouds?
Pass Practice
Bill was watching the clouds. How can he tell the difference between a cumulus and a cirrus cloud?
A.Cirrus clouds have fuzzy edges.
B.Cumulus clouds are shaped like teardrops. C.Cirrus clouds have sharp edges.
D.Cumulus clouds always appear black.
Pass Practice
Which statement about clouds is true?
A.Fog is not a cloud.
B.All clouds can produce precipitation.
C.Cirrus clouds are the highest clouds in the sky. D.There is only one kind of cloud in the sky at a time.
Pass Practice
Jared observed a cloud in the sky and made the following notes:
1. very low to the ground
2. looked like a blanket across the sky 3. rain fell from the cloud
A.Stratus B.Cirrus C.Fog
D.cumulus
What is
temperature?
•
How hot or cold the air is at a given time.
What is
precipitation?
•
The type of water falling to Earth from
What is
wind direction?
•
Where the wind is coming from.
What is
wind speed?
•
How fast the wind is moving.
Thermometer
• Measures the air temperature.
• The scale is in Fahrenheit or Celsius.
Rain Gage
• Measures the amount of precipitation. • The scale is in inches.
Wind (Weather) Vane
• Determines wind direction.
• Wind directions are North, South, East, and
West.
Anemometer
• Measures wind speed.
• It counts how many times the cup spin
Thermometer
• Measures the air _______________. • The scale is in _________ or _______.
Rain Gage
• Measures the amount of ___________ • The scale is in _______.
Wind (Weather) Vane
• Determines ________________.
• Determines the direction __________.
Anemometer
• Measures ______________.
• It counts how many times the ______
Pass Practice
Which tool is used to measure wind speed?
A.Thermometer B.Barometer
C.Anemometer D.Wind sock
Pass Practice
Juan wants to conduct an experiment about the weather. He will need tools that measure the
temperature, rainfall, and wind direction. Which three tools will he need?
A.A thermometer, a wind vane, and a hygrometer B.A barometer, a rain gauge, and a wind sock
C.A wind vane, a rain gauge, and a barometer D.A thermometer, a rain gauge, and a wind sock
Pass Practice
Dana wants to measure precipitation over the course of several days. Which tool should she use?
A.A hygrometer B.A barometer C.A rain gauge
D.An anemometer
1. Thunderstorm
• A severe storm with lighting, thunder, heavy
rain, and strong winds. (sometimes hail)
• Negative efects: rains flooding, lighting
fires, strong winds blow over trees and
power lines
2. Tornado
• A small funnel-shaped cloud that comes down
from a storm cloud with winds spinning at
high speeds.
• Negative efects: high winds tear apart
3. Hurricane
• A large storm that forms over warm ocean
water with strong winds that blow in a circular
pattern around the eye (center) of the storm.
• Negative efects: high winds blow trees
over, rains flooding, storm waves damage beach houses
Safety Concerns
(1) Thunderstorm:
a) Stay inside and out of water. b) Don’t stand under trees.
Safety Concerns
(2) Tornado:
a) Stay away from windows.
b) If you can’t find shelter, lie flat in a ditch or low place.
c) Do not stay in your car!
Safety Concerns
(3) Hurricane:
a) Board up windows in your house. b) Stay away from windows.
Pass Practice
When is thunderstorm most likely to occur?
A.After several cold days followed by a hot day B.After a stretch of hot and humid days
C.After a long period of cold and dry weather D.After a tornado
Pass Practice
A hurricane is mostly likely to develop under which of these conditions?
A.Over warm water near the equator B.Directly following a thunderstorm C.On a hot day with low humidity D.Right before a heat wave
Pass Practice
What best characterizes the eye of a hurricane?
A.There is no precipitation or wind in this area. B.This is an area of high pressure.
C.The rain in this area is steady and strong. D.This area stays near the equator.
We Predict Weather by…
1. Clouds
2. Changes in wind speed
Weather Map
Fronts
1. Front: Large mass of warm or cold moving air.
1. Warm Front: Air temperature increases.
1. Cold Front: Air temperature decreases.
Cold Front
Pass Practice
Temperature, wind speed, air pressure, and the direction of fronts are all used in
A.Weather maps
B.Weather forecasting C.Weather changes
D.Weather patterns
Pass Practice
Which of the following describes a front?
A.The boundary between two air masses
B.A weather pattern that lasts for several days C.The boundary between a cold air mass and a thunderstorm
