Multi-word
Multi-word
Verbs
Verbs
By Elizabeth Burgess, Camille Montplaisir-Allen and Simone Spencer
Multi-Word Verbs
Multi-Word Verbs
BASIC VERB + ONE OR MORE PARTICLES
BASIC VERB + ONE OR MORE PARTICLES
Also known as “compound verbs” or “two-word verbs”. Also known as “compound verbs” or “two-word verbs”.
Large group of verbs which consist of : Large group of verbs which consist of :
ADVERBS ADVERBS or or PREPOSITIONS. PREPOSITIONS.
Particles never change! Particles never change!
Examples
Examples
Cut off
Cut off
Call up
Call up
Run into
Run into
Take off
Take off
Look forward to
Look forward to
Come up with
Come up with
Run out of
Run out of
Get on with
Get on with
Depend on
Depend on
Apply for
Apply for
Depend on
Depend on
Stand for
Stand for
Multi-Word Verbs
Multi-Word Verbs
BASIC VERB + ONE OR MORE PARTICLES
BASIC VERB + ONE OR MORE PARTICLES
ADVERBS ADVERBS or or PREPOSITIONS. PREPOSITIONS.
Many literal meanings which are sometimes hard
Many literal meanings which are sometimes hard toto
guess or understand.
guess or understand.
You
You have have to to take take off off your your shoesshoes
VS
VS
The airplane took off last night.
Transitivity Transitivity
They can be
They can be transitivetransitive [His father was called to break up the fight.][His father was called to break up the fight.], in that case, the, in that case, the verb and its particle are never separated
verb and its particle are never separated or
or intransitiveintransitive [They broke up two years ago.][They broke up two years ago.]
If the direct object is
If the direct object is a noun, you can choose the order :a noun, you can choose the order : They pulled the castle down.
They pulled the castle down. AND AND They pulled down the castle. They pulled down the castle.
If the object is a
If the object is a pronoun, then it always comes between the vpronoun, then it always comes between the verb and particle.erb and particle. They
Formality Formality
Sometimes, multi-word verbs can be less
Sometimes, multi-word verbs can be less formalformal than single word verbs
than single word verbs i.e:
i.e:
We need to sort the problem out
We need to sort the problem out (I) (I) VS
VS
We need to solve/resolve the problem
We need to solve/resolve the problem (F). (F).
S
S
A
A
S
S
E
E
F
F
D
D
T
T
C
C
D
D
H
H
P
P
I
I
If
If
Types Types
Multi-word verbs can be classified under five main
Multi-word verbs can be classified under five main combination types :combination types : 1.
1. Phrasal verbs (verb + adverb)Phrasal verbs (verb + adverb) 2.
2. Prepositional verbs (verb + preposition)Prepositional verbs (verb + preposition) 3.
3. Phrasal-prepositional verbs (verb + adverb + Phrasal-prepositional verbs (verb + adverb + preposition)preposition) 4.
4. Combinations of “verb + noun + preposition”Combinations of “verb + noun + preposition” 5.
1.
1. PhPhrarasasal vl vererbs bs (v(vererb + b + adadveverbrb))
E f
E f
:
:
ff
ff
One of their particularities is that they
One of their particularities is that they can have very different meanings.can have very different meanings. Make up = invent a story/excuse
Make up = invent a story/excuse
use
use cosmeticscosmetics
compose
compose
end
end an an argumentargument
*Having the opposite particle does not mean an *Having the opposite particle does not mean an
opposite meaning. opposite meaning.
Give in = surrender
Give in = surrender
Give
2. Prepositional verbs (verb + preposition) 2. Prepositional verbs (verb + preposition)
There is a difference between a “prepositional verb” and a “verb with a
There is a difference between a “prepositional verb” and a “verb with a prepositionalprepositional complement”.
complement”.
Sam went into the house.
Sam went into the house. Annie called on her mother. Annie called on her mother.
Sam went into the problem.
Sam went into the problem. Annie called from the school. Annie called from the school.
E f
E f
:
:
f
f
TThe difference is that the he difference is that the prepositional verbs form a syntactic and semantic unit.prepositional verbs form a syntactic and semantic unit.
Going
Going into into = = visit visit Call Call on on = = analyseanalyse
They answer the questions : who/whom? or what?
They answer the questions : who/whom? or what?
What did Sam go into? The problem
What did Sam go into? The problem
Who did Annie call on? Her mother
Who did Annie call on? Her mother
While the prepositional complements answer the questions :
While the prepositional complements answer the questions : where?, when? & how?where?, when? & how?
Where did Sam go? Into the house
Where did Sam go? Into the house
Where did Annie call from? From the school
3. Phrasal-prepositional verbs 3. Phrasal-prepositional verbs
(verb + adverb + preposition) (verb + adverb + preposition)
They could also be formed by a “phrasal verb +
They could also be formed by a “phrasal verb + preposition”.preposition”. These are examples :
These are examples : catch
catch up up with with come come up up with with get get rid rid of of get
get away away with with keep keep away away from from get get over over withwith look
look down down on on look look up up to to look look back back onon put up with
put up with feel up to feel up to look forward tolook forward to stand
4. Combination of 4. Combination of
“verb + noun + preposition” “verb + noun + preposition”
They have these characteristics : They have these characteristics :
a) they form indivisible units a) they form indivisible units
b) they are always monotransitive b) they are always monotransitive
c) the noun functions as its predicator c) the noun functions as its predicator d) the noun can’t be modified
d) the noun can’t be modified
e) the noun can’t become a subject on t
e) the noun can’t become a subject on the passive voicehe passive voice MAKE
MAKE ALLOWANCE ALLOWANCE FOR FOR PAY PAY ATTENTION ATTENTION TO TO KEEP KEEP TRACK TRACK OFOF
MAKE
MAKE USE USE OF OF TAKE TAKE ADVANTAGE ADVANTAGE OF OF TAKE TAKE CARE CARE OFOF
PAY
5. Idiomatic verbs 5. Idiomatic verbs
Idiomatic constructions are drawn from the structures : Idiomatic constructions are drawn from the structures : a. “verb + noun + preposition”
a. “verb + noun + preposition” [catch sight of, keep track of] [catch sight of, keep track of] b. “verb + adjective”.
b. “verb + adjective”.
[cut short, wash clean] [cut short, wash clean]
- They cannot be modified. - They cannot be modified.
- They cannot become the subject of - They cannot become the subject of
a
a passive passive sentence.sentence.
S
S
“ ”
“ ”
BE + NOUN + PREP.
BE + NOUN + PREP.
B ()
B ()
B
B
B
B
B
B
BE + ADJ. + PREP.
BE + ADJ. + PREP.
B f f
B f f
B f
B f
B
B
B
B
They have a higher difficulty to
They have a higher difficulty to
interpret for non-native speakers.
interpret for non-native speakers.
[be fed up (with), be in
●
● PoPolylysesemymy→ Wo→ Wordrds ths that hat havave me morore the than oan one mne meaeaningning
ex: Look up.
ex: Look up.
TPS→ At your table I want you to come up wit
TPS→ At your table I want you to come up with as many meanings ash as many meanings as
possible for the phrasal verb “Look up”.
possible for the phrasal verb “Look up”.
●
● FeFear ar of of spspeaeakiking ng upup/ m/ makakining mg misistatakekess
●
● CoColllloqoquiuialal/ f/ figigururatativive se spepeecechh
●
● GreGreateater chr challallengenge foe for nor non-Gn-Germermanianic lc langanguaguage se speapeakerkerss
Challenges for ESL Learners
◍
◍ Make it visualMake it visual
◍
◍ Teach the meaning ofTeach the meaning of the particles so the
the particles so the
combination of Verb
combination of Verb
and Particle will
and Particle will
make more sense
make more sense
◍
◍ Practice,Practice,
practice,practice!
practice,practice!
◍
◍ Group gamesGroup games
Volunteer for activity
Volunteer for activity
Strategies Resources
Activity Activity
Try think of another way
Try think of another way
of saying...
Activity Activity
Call off
Activity Activity
Find out
Activity Activity
Give up
Activity Activity
Come up with
Activity Activity
Make sure of
Activity Activity
To join an interactive activity on multi-word verbs, visit
To join an interactive activity on multi-word verbs, visit
http://join.quizizz.com
http://join.quizizz.com
And enter the game code!
Reference Referencess
Carter, Ronald, et al. “Verbs: Multi-Word Verbs.”
Carter, Ronald, et al. “Verbs: Multi-Word Verbs.” Cambridge Dictionary Cambridge Dictionary , Cambridge University Press. Retrieved from :, Cambridge University Press. Retrieved from :
https://dictionary.cambri
https://dictionary.cambridge.org/grammar/british-grammar/dge.org/grammar/british-grammar/about-verbs/verbs-multi-wordabout-verbs/verbs-multi-word-verbs-verbs
Desagulier, Guillaume, and Pascale Leclercq.
Desagulier, Guillaume, and Pascale Leclercq. Tout Sur Les Verbes AnglaisTout Sur Les Verbes Anglais. Larousse, 2009.. Larousse, 2009.
Oposinet. “Topic 22 - Multi-word verbs” Retrieved from :
Oposinet. “Topic 22 - Multi-word verbs” Retrieved from :
h
https://www.oposinettps://www.oposinet.com/temario-de-ingles-sect.com/temario-de-ingles-secundaria/temario-2-inglesundaria/temario-2-ingles-secundaria/topic-22-multi-word-verbs/-secundaria/topic-22-multi-word-verbs/
Oxford Dictionaries. “Phrasal Verbs”. Oxford University Press. Retrieved from :
Oxford Dictionaries. “Phrasal Verbs”. Oxford University Press. Retrieved from :
https://en.oxforddictionaries.com/grammar/phrasal-verbs
https://en.oxforddictionaries.com/grammar/phrasal-verbs
Siyanova, Anna, and Schmitt Norbert.(2007)
