01/03/2008
Flight Operations Manual
Western Michigan University
College of Aviation
Western Michigan University College of Aviation Policy Statement on Safety
“Aviation in itself is not inherently dangerous. But to a degree even greater than the sea, it is terribly unforgiving of any carelessness, incapacity or neglect.”
Captain A. G. Lamplugh,
British Aviation Insurance Group, London. Circa early 1930’s
Sailors have traversed the world’s seas for many more years than airmen have flown above them. Yet, every year, sailors, young and old, are lost to those seas. And, so it is with those who fly. The art of the airman, like the art of the sailor, is employed in an unforgiving environment fully deserving of the utmost respect.
We at the College of Aviation have a charter to educate young people, to prepare them for a career in that environment. In so doing, we accept a level of risk that equipment may be damaged or personnel injured. In the recognition, measurement and management of that risk, we not only address the hazards that affect our operation directly, but we also set the tone for the safety culture of the college. By extension, we address the individual pilot’s approach to flying and their personal safety focus. From the SOP’s that are established to the manner in which we comply with those SOP’s, we all have a hand in reinforcing (or minimizing) the importance to our students of managing the inherent risk. Actions truly do speak louder than words. The student who observes his instructor selectively complying with SOP’s will surely become the graduate with the same
approach to procedures. Procedures are put into place by institutions in order to manage risk by legislating away the riskier options. Compliance with those procedures by the more experienced instructor, all the time, every time, will set the example for the student not only during his/her training, but also imbed the practice of compliance for the future. In the broader sense, the establishment and maintenance of a healthy culture of safety in the college is the responsibility of everyone employed by or educated at the college. A healthy safety culture is, fundamentally, a matter of situational awareness on an
institutional as well as individual level. It is the acknowledgement that an act may have unintended and adverse consequences followed by appropriate actions to mitigate that risk to an acceptable level.
At the College of Aviation, safety is at the core of what we do. Our focus on safety is by no means a theoretical exercise; it is a very pragmatic one. Without a safe operation we will quickly cease to be able to operate. It is that simple and that important.
Safety is at the core of what we do.
Captain Dave Powell
Interim DeanDate Change Page(s) Action
08-31-95 Original Issuance
All
01-03-96 Change 1 x Replace
02-02-96 Change 2 viii, 12, 13 Replace 08-26-96 Change 3 ix, 1-1, 1-2, 91-7, 91-15, 91-16, 91-19, 15, 16, 17, 19,
22
Replace
23 Delete
23A, 23B Add
01-07-97 Change 4 iii, viii, ix, 1-2 Replace 21A, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30 Add 08-31-97 Change 5 iii through viii, 61-4, 61-5, 71-1, 91-1, 91-3, 91-4,
91-6 through 91-15, 91-19, 830-1 Replace Replace 830-2 Add 1,12,15,16,17, 18 Replace 18A Add 19, 20, 21A Replace 09-24-97 Change 6 91-11 Replace 01-05-00 Change 7 All Replace 08-15-01 Change 8 All Replace 11-05-02 Change 9 All Replace 01-05-04 Change 10 All Replace 01-03-05 Change 11 All Replace 01-03-08 Change 12 All Replace
RECORD OF CHANGES Cont.
CHANGE 12 i 01-03-2008
WMU Part 1 – Definitions & Abbreviations
WMU 1.1 General Abbreviations ... 1-1
WMU Part 61 – General Information
WMU61.1 Applicability ... 61-1 WMU61.5 Flight Information File System ... 61-1
A. Responsibility for Use of System B. Purpose of System
C. Contents of System D. Use of System.
WMU61.9 Professional Code of Conduct ... 61-1 WMU61.13 Alcohol, Drug, and Smoking Policy ... 61-2
A. Substance Abuse and Alcohol Misuse Policy B. Impairment Policy
C. Smoking Policy
WMU61.17 College of Aviation Safety Committee ... 61-2 A. Makeup of Committee
B. Responsibilities of Committee C. Reporting Safety Concerns D. Scope of Reporting Forms
WMU61.21 Flight Course Transfer/Previous Experience Credit 61-3 A. Basis of Credit
B. Credit From Accredited College or University C. Evaluation of Previous Experience
D. Future Credit
E. Minimum Required Lessons F. Minimum Course Enrollment
WMU61.25 Ground Course Transfer/Previous Experience Credit 61-4 A. Basis of Credit
B. College Transfer Credit C. Credit By Exam Guidelines D. Credit By Exam Limitations
WMU61.29 Flight/Ground Course Registration ... 61-4 A. Application Process
B. Selection and Enrollment Process
WMU61.33 Flight Fee Policy... 61-5
CHANGE 12 ii 01-03-2008 A. Flight Fee Assessment and Charges
B. Flight Account Balances
C. Maintaining a Positive Balance
D. Transferring Fees Back to University Accounts E. Change of Flight Fees
F. Fuel Surcharges G. Administrative Fees H. Use of Flight Fees I. Refund of Flight Fees
WMU61.37 Flight/Ground Course Attendance Policies... 61-6 A. Ground Course Attendance
B. Flight Course Attendance
C. Approval for Planned Absences D. Additional Information
WMU61.41 Flight/Ground Course Completion Policy... 61-7 A. Issue of Grades
B. Issue of Incomplete Grades C. Removal of Incomplete Grades
WMU61.43 Flight Course Abandonment ... 61-7 A. Flight Course Completion Expectations
B. Closing Training Records Due to Lack of Activity
WMU61.45 Training Lesson Preparation... 61-7 A. Preparation Prior to Lesson
B. Weather Briefings
C. Solo/Team-Ride Lesson Preparation
WMU61.49 Piloting University Aircraft ... 61-8 A. Who May Fly University Aircraft
B. Exceptions For Special Circumstances
WMU61.53 Passengers and Team Riding Operations... 61-8 A. Students or Guests Observing Dual Flights
B. Team Rider Restrictions
C. Designated Solo Flight Lessons
WMU61.57 Pilot Training Records ... 61-9 A. Maintaining Training Records
B. Verification of Lesson Content C. Personal Pilot Logbook
D. ETA-Talon Passwords and PINs E. Maintaining ETA-Talon Accounts
WMU61.59 Logging of Time ... 61-10 A. Consistency in Logging Time
CHANGE 12 iii 01-03-2008 C. Logging of “DPIC” Flight Time
D. Common Mistakes in Logging Time
WMU61.63 Scheduling and Utilization of Resources ... 61-11 A. General
B. Building the Schedule C. Flying the Schedule D. Priority of Resources
WMU61.69 Stage Check Policies and Procedures ... 61-12 A. Scheduling of Stage and Prog Checks
B. Performance on Stage and Prog Checks
WMU Part 71 – Airports
WMU71.1 Applicability ... 71-1 WMU71.6 Restricted Airports, Runways, and Sod Fields . 71-1
A. Approved Sod Fields and Runways
B. Landing Surface Restrictions Non-Complex Aircraft C. Landing Surface Restrictions Complex Aircraft D. Greater Runway Lengths Required
E. Off Limit Airports
F. Restrictions Of Use – Training & Non-Training Flights
WMU71.11 Approved Training Airports ... 71-2 A. Table of Airports
B. Approved Airport List Discrepancies
WMU71.16 Kalamazoo TRSA Operations ... 71-6
WMU Part 91 – Flight Operation Procedures
WMU91.1 Applicability ... 91-1 WMU91.6 Careless and Reckless Operations... 91-1
A. Termination of Unsafe Acts B. Regulation Adherence C. Violation of Regulations
WMU91.11 Responsibility of Pilot in Command ... 91-1 WMU91.13 Safety of Flight – Personal Minimums ... 91-1
A. Pilot Expectation To Understand Personal Minimums B. Personal Evaluation & Reviewing Personal Minimums C. Personal Minimums Resources
WMU91.15 Safety of Flight –Video Taping in Flight ... 91-2 WMU91.17 Operations During Medical Deficiency or Fatigue 91-2
CHANGE 12 iv 01-03-2008 B. Rest, Illness, or Emotional Duress
C. Physiological/Psychological Concerns D. Influence of Drug and Alcohol
E. Reporting of Illness F. Nutrition
G. Stress and Mental Pressure
WMU91.21 Facility Security and Safety ... 91-3 A. Display of COA Identification Card
B. Visitor Registration C. Blocking Open Doors D. Operation of Hangar Doors E. Safety of Hangar Doors
WMU91.26 Pedestrian Ramp Safety ... 91-3 A. Awareness of Ramp Hazards
B. Avoidance of Distractions C. Cell/Mobile Phone Usage D. Lightning and Ramp Safety
WMU91.31 Aircraft/FTD Utilization and Cancellation Procedures 91-4 A. Reservation of Aircraft/FTDs
B. Cancellations C. Planned Absences D. Aircraft Priority E. Charges and Penalties
WMU91.36 Supervision of Training Flights... 91-5 A. Supervision of All Flights
B. Solo Training Supervision C. After Hours Supervision
WMU91.41 Aircraft/FTD Dispatching... 91-6 A. Requirement of Dispatching
B. Requirement of DI to Authorize Solo and Non-Dual Flights C. Authorization of Flight
D. Presentation of Documentations E. Positive Identification
F. Computer Dispatch
G. Aircraft/FTD Clipboard and Key H. Clipboard Procedures
I. Receiving of Flights
J. ETA-Talon Activity Completion K. Aircraft/FTD Key Security
WMU91.43 Effective Dispatching of Aircraft ... 91.7 A. Computerized Dispatching
CHANGE 12 v 01-03-2008 B. Accommodations For Make & Model of Aircraft
C. Special Dispatching Requests
WMU91.51 Company Radio Frequencies... 91-7 A. Radio Frequencies and Dispatch Uses
B. Position Reporting
C. Prohibited Uses of Frequencies D. Other Users of Frequencies
WMU91.56 After Hours and Overnight Flight Operations . 91-8 A. Definition of After Hours Operations
B. After Hours Procedure - Approval C. After Hours Procedure - Preflight D. After Hours Procedure – Postflight E. Requirement of Rest
F. Prohibited Operations
WMU91.61 Day Weather Minimums & Restrictions - VFR 91-9 A. Basic VFR Weather Minimums
B. Non-Dual Flight Minimums C. Instructor Authorization
WMU91.66 Night Weather Minimums - VFR... 91-10 A. Flights in Airport Traffic Pattern
B. Flights in Practice Areas
C. Flights Beyond Practice Areas
WMU91.71 Special VFR Procedures... 91-10 A. Required Permission
B. Reporting of Event Without Permission
WMU91.75 IFR Flight – General ... 91-11 WMU91.76 Weather Minimums - IFR... 91-11
A. General IFR Weather Minimums B. Reduced Minimums
C. Deterioration of Weather Conditions D. University Transportation Flights E. Approval For IMC Operations
WMU91.81 Restrictions to Flight – IFR ... 91-12 A. Prohibited Maneuvers in Cloud
B. Prohibited Maneuvers in Less Than VFR C. Multi-Engine Power Loss Restrictions
WMU91.91 Additional Night Flight Restrictions... 91-12 A. BTL & AZO Traffic Patterns
B. Prohibited Operations
C. Multi Engine Prohibited Maneuvers D. Multi Engine Restrictions
CHANGE 12 vi 01-03-2008
WMU91.96 Cold Weather Aircraft Operating Restrictions 91-13 A. Minimum Operating Temperature
B. Minimum Operating Wind Chill C. Winter Flying Operation Concerns
WMU91.101 Propeller Safety During Cold Weather Preflight 91-13 A. Restriction of Loosening the Oil
B. Care of Moving the Propeller
WMU91.106 Flight in Icing Conditions ... 91-13 A. Flight Into Known Icing
B. Flight in Forecast Freezing Rain or Freezing Drizzle C. Icing Encounter Actions
D. Seneca Operations in Icing E. Reporting of Icing Encounters F. Reporting of Negative Icing
WMU91.111 Flight in Thunderstorms, Heavy Precipitation Windshear and Microburst... 91-14 A. Pilot Considerations
B. Takeoff Approaches and Landings
C. Prohibition of Flight Into Known Windshear or Microburst WMU91.116 Appearance and Clothing ... 91-14
A. Pilot Appearance
B. Requirements for Training Flights C. Requirements for Personal Use Flights D. Dress for Cold Weather Conditions
WMU91.121 Flight Plan Information ... 91-15 A. Flight Plan Requirements – Solo or PIC
B. Flight Plan Requirements – Dual Flights C. Round Robin Flight Plans
B. After Hours Flights
WMU91.126 Aircraft Preflight Action... 91-15 A. Line Inspection
B. Straining Fuel – GATS Jar Usage C. Time to Maintenance Inspection D. Aircraft Condition Report
E. Confirming Time to Inspections in the Aircraft Condition Report
F. Reporting of Discrepancies G. Securing Items in the Cockpit
WMU91.131 Aircraft Airworthiness & Maintenance Inspections 91-16 A. General
CHANGE 12 vii 01-03-2008 C. Determination of Aircraft Airworthiness
D. Other Airworthiness Concerns E. Oil Changes
WMU91.136 Aircraft Manuals, Documents, Equipment and Supplies 91-17 A. Aircraft Documents
B. Aircraft Maintenance Records C. Aircraft Equipment and Supplies
D. Replacement of Equipment and Supplies E. Changing Avionics Settings
WMU91.141 Aircraft Interior Condition... 91-18 A. Eating and Drinking in Aircraft
B. Cleanliness of Interior
WMU91.146 Aircraft Fuel Quantity Requirements ... 91-18 A. Fuel Reserves
B. Cross Country Flight Fuel Loading
WMU91.151 Aircraft Fueling Procedures at BTL ... 91-18 A. Notification Card System
B. Cessna 172 Skyhawk Fueling C. SR20 and SR22 Fueling D. Piper PA-28R Arrow Fueling
E. Piper PA44 Seminole and PA34 Seneca Fueling F. No Services Required
G. Usage of Notification Cards
WMU91.156 Aircraft Fueling Procedures Away From BTL. 91-19 A. Fuel Credit Cards
B. Tax Exempt Fuel Purchase
C. Scope of Fuel Credit Card Charges D. Post Flight Card Return
WMU91.161 Aircraft Oil Quantity Requirements... 91-20 A. Preflight Quantity Check
B. Overfilling and Partial Quarts C. Minimum/Maximum Oil Levels D. Oil Dipstick Tightening
WMU91.166 Aircraft Safety Equipment... 91-21 A. Hearing Protection
B. Seat Belt Usage
C. Fire Extinguishers and First Aid/Survival Kits D. CO Detectors
WMU91.168 In-Flight Guide... 91-21 A. Use of In-Flight Guide
CHANGE 12 viii 01-03-2008
WMU91.171 Checklists... 91-22 A. Use of Checklists
B. Interrupted Checklists
WMU91.176 Hand Propping and Starting of Aircraft... 91-22 A. Hand Starting or Propping
B. Aircraft Starting
C. Prohibition Against Starting in the Hangar
WMU91.181 Aircraft Ground Operations ... 91-22 A. Beacon/Anti-collision Light Usage
B. Enplaning/Deplaning with Engine Running C. Prop Wake
D. Engine Taxi Power
E. Taxiing Speed – Congested Area
F. Taxiing Speed – Other Than Congested Area G. Definition of Congested Area
H. Aircraft Ground Handling
WMU91.183 Aircraft Taxi Operations... 91-23 A. Use of Taxi Diagrams
B. BTL and AZO Taxi Diagrams C. Availability of Taxi Diagrams D. Checking Current NOTAMS
WMU91.186 Parking and Securing of Aircraft... 91-24 A. Termination of Flight Procedure
B. Checklist Usage
C. Securing of Aircraft on Cross Country Stops D. Parking Aircraft at BTL
E. Aircraft Tie Down Straps and Ropes
WMU91.191 Aircraft and Flight Abnormalities ... 91-25 A. Abnormal Aircraft Conditions and Situations
B. Reporting of Abnormalities to the SOF
WMU91.193 Taxiway and Runway Excursions ... 91-26 A. Inadvertent Departures From Operating Surfaces
B. Pilot Actions Post Taxiway or Runway Excursion
WMU91.196 Pilot Actions After Exceeding Aircraft Limitations 91-26 WMU91.201 Reporting Aircraft Abnormalities at BTL and AZO 91-26
A. Responsibility of Reporting Abnormalities B. Abnormality Reporting Procedure
C. Parking of Aircraft With Abnormalities D. Documentation of Abnormalities
WMU91.206 Reporting Aircraft Abnormalities Away From BTL 91-27 A. Abnormality Reporting Procedure
CHANGE 12 ix 01-03-2008 B. Authorization of Repairs or Service
C. Responsibility of Expenses
WMU91.211 Coordinating Repair of Aircraft Abnormalities 91-28 WMU91.216 Unprogrammed Landings... 91-28
A. Takeoff Approval
B. Reporting of Unprogrammed Landing C. Flight Plan Updating
WMU91.221 Use of Western Aircraft Call Signs ... 91-28 A. Letter of Agreement
B. Conditions of Call Sign Use C. Mandatory Call Sign Use
D. Call Sign Prohibition on Flight Plans E. Call Sign Prefixes (BTL Operations Only) F. Use of N-number and Call Sign Together
WMU91.226 Runway Incursions and Assignments ... 91-29 A. Vigilance During Ground Operations
B. Hold Short Instructions
C. Clearing the Runway After Landing D. ATC Runway Assignments
WMU91.231 Minimum Safe Altitudes ... 91-29 A. Unwarranted Low Flying
B. Minimum Altitudes For “Airwork” Maneuvers C. Absolute Minimum Altitude
D. Practice Force Landings and Emergency Procedures
WMU91.236 Noise Abatement Procedures... 91-30 A. General Noise Abatement Practices
B. City of Dowling Restriction
C. Noise Abatement at Kalamazoo Airport
WMU91.241 Practice Areas ... 91-31 A. Disorientation While in Practice Areas
B. Boundaries of Practice Areas C. Practice Area Diagram
D. Arrival and Departure Procedures (BTL Operations)
WMU91.243 IFR Departures to “VFR On Top” ... 91-31 A. Purpose of “VFR On Top” Practice Areas
B. Coordination With Dispatch C. Description of Practice Areas D. Filing IFR Flight Plans
E. Example of Flight Plan F. Canceling IFR
CHANGE 12 x 01-03-2008 H. Avoidance of Specific Practice Areas
I. Lost Communication Recommendations
WMU91.246 Cross Country Flight... 91-33 A. Training Flights Preparation Requirements
B. Additional Tasks for Cross Country Flights C. Solo Cross Country Lessons
D. Solo Student Pilot Logbook Signing E. Solo Student Pilot Cross Country at Night F. Solo Student Pilot Cross Country Authorization G. Solo/Team-Ride Night Cross Country Destinations H. AVS 4990 Night Cross Country Destinations
WMU91.251 Runway Intersection Departures ... 91-35 A. Single Engine Aircraft Limitations
B. Multi Engine Aircraft Limitations
WMU91.253 Stabilized Approach ... 91.35 A. Flying a Stabilized Approach
B. Stabilized Approach Requirements for Landing C. Lack of a Stabilized Approach
WMU91.256 Touch and Go Limitations ... 91-35 A. Pilot’s Responsibility
B. Initial Student Pilot Solos C. Solo Student Pilot Limitations D. Non-Complex Aircraft Limitations E. Complex Aircraft Limitations F. Complex Aircraft Concerns
WMU91.261 Stop and Go Limitations ... 91-36 A. Single Engine Aircraft Limitations
B. Multi Engine Aircraft Limitations C. Pilot’s Responsibility
WMU91.266 Complex Aircraft Operations... 91-36 A. Landing Gear System Malfunction
B. Inadvertent Landing Gear Retraction
WMU91.269 Braking and Tire Protection... 91-37 A. Tire Protection – Braking & Taxiing Considerations
B. Postflight Inspection
WMU91.271 Intentional Spins & Aerobatic Flight ... 91-38 A. Aerobatic Maneuver Prohibition
B. Spin Instruction Guidelines
C. Minimum Spin Recovery Altitude
WMU91.276 Prohibited Solo/Team Ride Maneuvers... 91-38 A. Prohibited Maneuvers
CHANGE 12 xi 01-03-2008 B. Reporting of Performance of Prohibited Maneuvers
WMU91.281 Formation Flying ... 91-38 WMU91.286 Right Seat Flying... 91-38
A. Dual Flight Authorization
B. Solo and Team Ride Flight Authorization C. Team Rider Minimum Credentials
D. Team Ride Authorization
WMU91.291 Intentional Over-flight Restrictions... 91-39 A. Restriction Guidelines
B. Restricted Areas
WMU91.296 GPS Utilization... 91-39 A. Default GPS Programming
B. Flight Instructor Discretionary Usage C. Solo Student Knowledge Requirement
WMU91.301 Use of Aircraft External Lights ... 91-39 A. Beacon Usage
B. Strobe Light Usage
C. Taxi Lights During Ground Operations
D. Taxi and Landing Lights for Takeoff Operations E. Operation Lights On
F. Position Light Usage
WMU91.306 Cessna 172R Engine Loss of Power Considerations 91-40 A. Engine Loss of Power Conditions
B. Probable Causes of Loss of Power C. Power Loss During “Power-Off” Stalls D. Power Restorations Procedures
E. Failure to Restore Engine Power
WMU91.311 Cirrus Training Resources ... 91-41 A. COA Training Resources
B. Web Resources
WMU91.313 Cirrus Engine Instrumentation ... 91-41 A. General
B. Cautionary Yellow Indications C. Warning Red Indications
D. Excessive Fuel Flow Readings on Takeoffs E. Report to Maintenance
WMU91.315 Cirrus Landing Profiles... 91-42 WMU91.317 Cirrus Door Issues... 91-42
A. Caution During High Winds B. Opening Procedures
CHANGE 12 xii 01-03-2008 A. Vacuum Failure Procedure
B. Discontinuance of Flight
WMU91.321 Piper PA34 Single Engine Operations ... 91-43 SUBPART A – SPECIAL ISSUES FOR BTL OPERATIONS
WMU91.326 Run-Ups at Battle Creek ... 91-43 A. Run-ups at A1 and A2
B. Run-ups at the T’s C. Twin engine run-ups
D. Extra vigilance during snow plowing operations
WMU91.331 Operations in Battle Creek Class D Airspace ... 91-43 A. BTL ATCT Considerations
B. Vigilance in the Traffic Pattern C. Standard Traffic Pattern
D. Standard Departures
E. Vigilance During Practice NDB Approaches F. Practicing Asymmetric Approaches
WMU91.336 Gate and Arrival Procedures... 91-44 A. Letter of Understanding
B. Arrival Gate Concept C. Arrival Gate Guidelines D. Arrival Gate Procedure
E. Separation From Other Aircraft F. Sunset to Sunrise Arrival Procedures
WMU 91.338 Reducing Traffic Conflicts at the Westgate ... 91.47 A. General Concerns of Traffic at West Gate
B. Departing Kalamazoo for Battle Creek C. Departing Battle Creek for Kalamazoo
WMU Part 830 – Accidents and Incidents
WMU830.1 Applicability ... 830-1 WMU830.6 Notification ... 830-1 WMU830.11 Accident/Incident Action Plan... 830-1
A. Accident/Incident Action Plan Responsibility B. General Provisions
CHANGE 12 xiii 01-03-2008
Appendix A
Appendix A Cirrus Airframe Parachute System
Section 1 – CAPS Parachute Employment... A-1
Disclaimer ... A-1 The Pin ... A-1 The Pull ... A-1 The Landing ... A-3
Appendix B
Appendix B Practice Area, Gate, and Airport Diagrams
Section 1 – Airport Diagrams ... B-1
W.K. Kellogg Regional Airport (KBTL)... B-1
Kalamazoo/Battle Creek Intl. Airport (KAZO) B-2
Section 2 – Practice Areas ... B-3 Practice Area Textual Descriptions ... B-3 VFR Practice Areas... B-3 VFR On Top Practice Areas ... B-4 Section 3 – Arrival Gates... B-7
Arrival Gate Holding Pattern Diagram... B-7
Practice Area and Arrival Gates (BTL Airport) B-8
Practice Area (AZO Airport) ... B-9
Appendix C
Appendix C College of Aviation Policies and Documents
Section 1 – College of Aviation Policies... C-1
A. Substance Abuse and Alcohol Misuse Policy C-1
B. Staff Currency Flying Regulations ... C-12
C. Aircraft Rental Agreement... C-17 D. Staff Development Policy ... C-21
Section 2 – College of Aviation Documents ... C-22
A. Winter Flying Operation Concerns... C-22
B. Personal Minimums Checklist ... C-28 C. Cirrus’ Envelope of Safety... C-30 D. Cirrus Landing Profiles... C-31
E. Compliance with FAR 141.93(a)(3) ... C-35
CHANGE 12 xiv 01-03-2008
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Part 1
Definitions &
Abbreviations
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CHANGE 12 FOM 1-1 01-03-2008 WMU1.1 General Abbreviations
AATD - Advanced Aviation Training Device AC - Advisory Circular
AGL - Above Ground Level
AIM - Aeronautical Information Manual AOA - Airport Operations Area
ASAP-As Soon As Possible AVS - Aviation Sciences ATC - Air Traffic Control
ATCT - Air Traffic Control Tower
ATIS- Automatic Terminal Information Service AZO - Kalamazoo/Battle Creek International Airport BTL - WK Kellogg/Battle Creek Airport
CAPS - Cirrus Airframe Parachute System
CASRS - Collegiate Aviation Safety Reporting System CFI - Chief Flight Instructor
COA - College of Aviation
CRM - Crew Resource Management DEAN - Dean of the College of Aviation DME - Distance Measuring Equipment DO - Director of Operations
DPIC - Duties of Pilot in Command DSS - Director of Safety & Simulation EFAS - En Route Flight Advisory Service EFIS - Electronic Flight Information System ELT - Emergency Locator Transmitter ETA - Estimated Time of Arrival
ETA-Talon - Education & Training Administration FAA - Federal Aviation Administration
FAR - Federal Aviation Regulations FIF - Flight Information File
FRB - Flight Review Board
CHANGE 12 FOM 1-2 01-03-2008 FSS - Flight Service Station
FTD - Flight Training Device GPA - Grade Point Average
GPS - Global Positioning Satellite system IFR - Instrument Flight Rules
IMC - Instrument Meteorological Conditions MCA - Minimum Controllable Airspeed MPH - Miles Per Hour
NM - Nautical Mile
NOTAM - Notice to Airmen
PAPI - Precision Approach Path Indicator PCL - Pilot Controlled Lighting
PF - Pilot Flying
PIC - Pilot in Command PNF - Pilot Non-Flying
PQ Card - Pilot Qualification Card RPM - Revolutions Per Minute R/W - Runway
SM - Statue Mile
SOF - Supervisor of Flying
STC - Supplemental Type Certificate TCO - Training Course Outline
TRSA - Terminal Radar Service Area TXPDR - Transponder
USA - United States of America VA - Veterans Administration VA - Maneuvering Speed
VASI -Visual Approach Slope Indicator VFE - Maximum Flap Extended Speed
CHANGE 12 FOM 1-3 01-03-2008 VLE - Maximum Landing Gear Extended Speed
VMC - Visual Meteorological Conditions VNE - Never Exceed Speed
VNO - Maximum Structural Cruising Speed
VOR - Very High Frequency Omni Range
VSO - Stalling Speed in the Landing Configuration
VS1 - Stalling Speed in a Specified Configuration
VX - Best Angle of Climb Speed
VY - Best Rate of Climb Speed
CHANGE 12 FOM 1-4 01-03-2008
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Part 61
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CHANGE 12 FOM 61-1 01-03-2008
WMU61.1 Applicability
The policies and procedures in this manual apply to all personnel involved in the operation of University aircraft including all student training, maintenance flights, proficiency flying, professional development, personal use, and flight team activities. The term “shall” in this manual means compliance is
mandatory.
NOTE: All pilots and instructors will be held responsible for knowledge of and strict compliance with the following policies and procedures. In addition to University policies, pilots will be responsible for knowledge of and compliance with applicable current Federal Aviation Administration Regulations and safety practices as outlined in the Federal Aviation Regulations and the Aeronautical Information Manual. The CFI must approve any deviations from the procedures and policies of this manual. WMU61.5 Flight Information File System
A. All pilots flying WMU aircraft and FTDs are responsible for checking Flight Information Files (FIF) prior to each flight or training activity. Current FIF notices are available through the ETA-Talon and address changes in
procedures, traffic rules, FARs, etc.
B. The purpose of this system is to make all pilots aware of notices, rules, and procedure changes for WMU flight operations. The use of this system is mandatory for all pilots flying WMU aircraft. Failure to comply with the use of this system will result in the loss of flight privileges.
C. The system consists of files published on the College of Aviation web site with notices of these changes disseminated through ETA-Talon.
D. Prior to all flights, pilots shall check that they are up to date with all FIFs. This can be accomplished through the ETA-Talon program. Once a pilot understands what that notice means, they should update that they have read the FIF. If they do not understand the FIF, ask the SOF for clarification, and then update their FIF files.
WMU61.9 Professional Code of Conduct
Western Michigan University is unequivocal in its requirement that employees and students must act professionally in all their interactions with each other. In this regard it is a violation of University policy to discriminate, intimidate, harass, touch or otherwise create a "hostile environment," and those who do will
CHANGE 12 FOM 61-2 01-03-2008 be subject to appropriate disciplinary action. Flight Instruction poses special problems because of the close proximity of seating and the added element of an inherently hazardous environment. Should corrective actions become
necessary, in any context, because of an emerging situation, the burden of proof of necessity lies with the individual taking the action. Situations may be
subsequently examined for appropriateness of action, with the guiding principle being whether the corrective measures taken were those which a reasonable person, similarly situated, would take in similar circumstances.
WMU61.13 Alcohol, Drugs, and Smoking Policy
A. Reference Appendix C of this manual to read the full text of Western Michigan University’s College of Aviation “Mandatory Substance Abuse and Alcohol Misuse Policy”.
B. Due to the nature and seriousness of operations it is essential that all
personnel be unimpaired at all times. Impairments can be drug and alcohol induced or psychological (stress, trauma, etc.) in nature. Any individual suspected of being drug or alcohol impaired will be confronted by an instructor/ supervisor to ascertain the degree of impairment. If, in the judgment of the instructor or supervisor it is determined that the suspect individual is impaired, he/she will be asked to be tested and to leave the premises. (Escorted if necessary.) If an individual is relieved of his/her activities, he/she will be entitled to a meeting with the individual who relieved him/her along with the DSS, to discuss the incident along with further courses of action. This meeting will take place no sooner than 24 hours after the incident took place.
C. All persons shall observe NO SMOKING while at WMU’s aviation facility and while in any WMU aircraft, either on the airport ground or in flight. Smoking is permitted in the parking lot in designated areas with proper disposal containers.
WMU61.17 College of Aviation Safety Committee
A. The College of Aviation maintains an Aviation Safety Committee. The chairman of this committee is the DSS who is responsible for organizing and conducting regular meetings. The rest of the committee is made up of
representatives from all areas of the COA and the BTL ATCT chief. B. The College of Aviation Safety Committee is responsible for:
1. Reviewing safety related issues presented before the committee and making recommendations for corrective actions;
2. Promoting safety education throughout the College;
CHANGE 12 FOM 61-3 01-03-2008 occurrences which have the potential to compromise safety;
4. Establish sub-committees as appropriate to represent the College of Aviation in establishing safety practices, procedures and/or letters of agreement with industry (MANG, ATC, Airport Authority, etc.); and 5. Reporting a summary of Committee activities to pertinent departmental
managers of the College of Aviation.
C. Pilots are expected to report any safety concerns they may have through the use of the Collegiate Aviation Safety Reporting System (CASRS). The CASRS reporting system is available on-line via a link from the College of Aviation’s homepage located at http://www.wmich.edu/aviation. Use the “Log in using Bronconet ID” link when accessing the site unless you are a member of the safety committee.
D. CASRS reports should be filled out any time a situation arises that appears to be unsafe within the College of Aviation’s operation. Reports may be filed not only for situations in the air, but also for any situations that are unsafe at the COA.
WMU61.21 Flight Course Transfer/Previous Experience Credit
A. University credit will not be granted on the basis of FAA certificates and ratings. University credit will be granted upon successful completion of AVS 2220, 3520, 3540, 3560, or 4970.
B. University credit may be granted based on flight courses completed at
another accredited college or university. Students must see a COA academic advisor for details.
C. “Flight Credit” for previous flight experience will be granted by the CFI based on an evaluation of the student’s logbook, training record, and/or an evaluation of the student’s flight skills and knowledge. “Flight Credit” granted in this manner will permit the student to “skip” selected lessons of the AVS 2220, 3520, 3540, or 3560 course curriculum.
D. This evaluation shall be made when a student first starts flight at WMU. After initial evaluation, all future flight and ground lessons shall be accomplished at WMU.
E. Students starting flight who already hold an FAA certificate or rating are required to complete a “Short Course” where they will be required to
complete required content and demonstrate proficiency to WMU standards. F. A course of flight instruction must be taken to provide all instructional areas unique to WMU COA programs. In any case, an individual must enroll and complete at least one flight course at WMU to graduate from the
CHANGE 12 FOM 61-4 01-03-2008 WMU61.25 Ground Course Transfer/Previous Experience Credit
A. Credit for previous experience of ground or knowledge training may be granted in one of two ways. Credit may be granted by either 1) acceptable college transfer credit, or 2) credit by exam.
B. College transfer credit may be granted for ground courses AVS 2210, 3510, 3530, and/or 3550 if that student has completed the equivalent course at an accredited college or university with a grade of “C” or better. If the transfer course is similar but is missing portions of WMU’s curriculum, that student may, with permission from his/her academic advisor and course instructor, attend the lecture sessions of the topics missed, be tested on those topics and achieve a minimum score of “C” or better. In such situations, the student will not receive transfer credit until the missed lectures and test are
successfully made up.
C. Credit by exam may be applied for based on FAA certificates and ratings held prior to enrolling in flight courses at WMU. In order to apply for “Credit By Exam” the student must have achieved the following minimum FAA certification levels:
1. AVS 2210 – Private Pilot, Single Engine Land 2. AVS 3510 – Instrument Pilot
3. AVS 3530 – Commercial Pilot, Single Engine Land
4. AVS 3550 – Commercial Pilot, Single and Multi-engine Land
D. After the student has applied for “Credit By Exam”, the CFI will arrange for the student to take all regular exams and finals for the appropriate ground course. The student shall achieve a minimum passing score of “C” or better on all exams and final in order to receive course credit. If any of the scores fall below the minimum of “C”, course credit will not be granted. Credit by exam will not be offered for any of the following reasons:
1. The student has already attempted or is enrolled in the AVS course. 2. The student has completed the equivalent of the AVS course at an
accredited college or university and achieved less than a “C” grade. 3. The student has already attempted “Credit By Exam” and has been
unsuccessful.
WMU61.29 Flight/Ground Course Registration
A. Students must fill out an application to be considered for flight/ground courses with the COA. The application will be compiled according to the dates they are received. It is the student’s responsibility to respond to any correspondence sent to him regarding application status. An applicant’s name may be dropped from the list if correspondence is returned because of incorrect address or if the applicant fails to respond as requested.
CHANGE 12 FOM 61-5 01-03-2008 B. Application for flight/ground instruction must be submitted to the
scheduling coordinator at the COA by posted dates to receive consideration. Students are selected and registered in accordance with the COA criteria. This registration is handled administratively by COA personnel, and not the normal student registration process. The student must be sure to pay the added credit hours in accordance with WMU billing procedures when
notified of registration in a flight course. Flight and Administrative fees are payable at the WMU Cashiering Office or COA Dispatch Office, along with other fees, at the time of registration.
WMU61.33 Flight Fee Policy
A. Fees associated with a flight course are assessed to a student’s university account when that student is enrolled in a flight course. Simultaneously, a “deposit” is made to the student’s COA flight account. Charges to a flight account are made each time the student completes a training activity or authorizes other charges to the account. Payment of flight fees posted to a student’s university account are due in accordance with university billing procedures.
B. Students must maintain a positive balance in their flight account or they will not be permitted to continue flying.
C. When COA flight account funds are exceeded, no training activity will be allowed. The student shall estimate additional fees for course completion and fill out a ‘Flight Course Fee Input Form’ available at the COA Dispatch Office. This form must be completed and delivered to the COA Dispatch Office before training activity may resume. The Dispatch Office will
invoice the student’s university account for the designated amount. Students may make payment in either of two ways:
1. Pay at the WMU Cashiering Office, or 2. Pay at the COA Dispatch Office
D. Western Michigan University has the right to apply any balance in a
student’s COA flight account to any outstanding charges or debt of any type that the student has incurred with WMU. Should WMU transfer funds from the student’s flight account to pay charges and/or debt to another WMU account, the lack of a remaining positive flight account balance may result in the student being grounded until he/she has cleared the balance with WMU and has put funds back in to his/her flight account.
E. Flight course fees and individual resource fees (aircraft, training devices, instructor rates and fuel surcharges) are subject to change with notice. When this happens, attempts will be made to make this abundantly clear to
CHANGE 12 FOM 61-6 01-03-2008 “Flight Information File” notices and/or log-in alerts.
F. Fuel Surcharges: Because of the volatility of fuel prices, hourly aircraft rates are established with a lower than anticipated fuel cost. A fuel
surcharge is applied for the sole purpose being to account for the per gallon cost of fuel over and above the baseline fuel cost included in the aircraft rates. Fuel surcharge rates are calculated and adjusted with each bulk shipment of fuel that is received. Current surcharge rates are posted in the flight planning room.
G. Each of the flight courses has an administrative fee that is charged to the student’s account to cover certain fixed costs of the flight program. If a student drops or withdraws from the flight course during the normal
university drop period, this fee will be refunded 100%. Students who drop or withdraw after this period will receive partial or no refund based on the University Refund Policy.
H. To assure fair assessment of fees for flight training time in various types of aircraft, AATD and FTDs, the initial fee paid for a course is considered an estimated minimum deposit. This deposit is reduced for each hour of
aircraft, ground and training device time by the current rate for the aircraft, fuel surcharge, instructor or training device. Thus, depending on the number of hours used, there may be a positive balance remaining at the end of a course, or additional fees may be assessed to allow completion. If a positive balance exists after satisfactory course completion, it may be applied to other courses, or it may be refunded.
I. Refund of Flight Fees are only issued when a positive balance exists in the students account and the student requests such a refund. It is recommended that a refund be requested only when:
1. A student completes a flight course, or 2. A student drops a flight course, or
3. A student terminates flight activity at Western Michigan University, or 4. A student has a positive balance of funds in excess of what is expected to
finish course commitments.
WMU61.37 Flight/Ground Course Attendance Policies
A. Ground school course (AVS 2210, 3510, 3530, 3550) attendance is mandatory for all lessons by FAR 141 regulations. You are expected to make every class period, if you miss a lesson you must make up the lesson content with a flight instructor as approved by the ground course instructor. All planned absences must be pre-approved in writing by the course
instructor.
CHANGE 12 FOM 61-7 01-03-2008 the semester. You will be assigned a pre-determined number of instructional periods per week based on the flight course you are currently enrolled. These may include slots on Saturday and Sunday in addition to during the week. The student must keep their flight instructor informed weekly with their solo lesson progress.
C. Written permission from a lead flight instructor must be obtained for any planned absences regardless of reason.
D. See additional information concerning flight activity cancellations in WMU91.31.
WMU61.41 Flight/Ground Course Completion Policy
A. Each course must follow an outline and syllabus for both dual and solo instruction. Upon completion of the course and appropriate examinations, a grade will be issued based upon individual course objectives. If objectives of the course are met in less than the number of flight hours indicated in the course syllabus, the student may continue training with the approval and guidance of his instructor and availability of aircraft.
B. University policies expect a student to complete a course in the term that they are enrolled. It is the expectation of the COA that students make every attempt possible to complete the flight course they are enrolled in during the term enrolled. Under extenuating circumstances beyond the control of the student, and with the CFI approval, a grade of “Incomplete” may be issued to allow the student additional time to complete the course requirements. In accordance with University policy, incomplete grades will turn into an “E” if course requirements are not complete within one year of the issuance of the incomplete.
C. Students must request the removal of the incomplete grade in writing when course completion requirements have been met. Forms for this purpose are available at the COA flight planning room. The form must be completed and submitted to the CFI.
WMU61.43 Flight Course Abandonment
A. It is expected that each students continues within a flight course until completion of that flight course.
B. Unless arrangements have been made with the CFI or his/her assistant, if a student does not have any activity within a flight course for a period of at least six months, WMU has the right to close out that training record and refund any unused flight fees to the student’s account.
CHANGE 12 FOM 61-8 01-03-2008 A. Students shall be prepared for all training periods prior to the schedule
period time. This includes completion of any assigned homework, and understanding of the tasks to be completed on the lesson.
B. Prior to the start of all flight periods, the student shall obtain a thorough weather briefing and give a detailed weather briefing to all crewmembers on the flight. In the case of solo flight the weather briefing should be given to the authorizing instructor.
C. All Solo/Team-Ride flight lessons must be discussed with a flight instructor to brief what will be practiced on that flight. The solo/team-ride lesson must also be debriefed with a flight instructor after the conclusion of the flight. WMU61.49 Piloting University Aircraft
A. The following people are permitted to pilot university aircraft:
1. Students regularly enrolled in flight instruction courses under the WMU flight program.
2. Flight instructors employed by WMU.
3. COA staff and faculty employed by WMU who possess a valid FAA Pilot Certificate and are participating in an approved staff currency flying ortraining program.
4. Pilot examiners or contract pilots who are acting on approved flights. B. Exceptions to the above may be made by the DEAN, DO, or CFI for special
circumstances.
WMU 61.53 Team Riders and Passengers on Training Flights
A. Students enrolled in University flight courses are encouraged to ride along as observers during dual instructional flights. Guests of the University may ride along as observers on dual instructional flights provided:
1. There is a bonafide educational benefit to the observer, and the CFI approves the flight, or
2. The flight involves a current WMU aviation student involved in an approved mentorship program.
B. Many flights require team riders as safety pilots for instrument flight. These team riders must be at least private pilots, be currently participating in a flight course, and qualified in the type of airplane and operation planned. When practical, the team rider should be in a course at least equivalent to the pilot. The authorizing instructor must specifically approve each occasion of team riding.
C. All solo flight lessons that are not designated in the TCO as PIC or Team rider flights must be flown solo by the student.
CHANGE 12 FOM 61-9 01-03-2008 WMU61.57 Pilot Training Records
A. All individuals receiving flight training through WMU are responsible for careful, accurate completion of their training records. This includes the applicable sections of the Student Record Folder and ETA-Talon records. All paper records shall be completed in ink. The student record folders are the property of Western Michigan University and shall remain on the College of Aviation premise at all times.
B. For students in paper training records, students must sign each lesson sheet when the activity is completed regardless of whether or not all lesson objectives are met. By signing the sheet, the student is verifying that the activity stated has been conducted and all grades and comments have been reviewed.
C. Students shall also maintain an accurate personal logbook flight record during the period of flight enrollment. This logbook shall be completed in ink.
D. Each student who has training records managed by ETA-Talon will have a password and PIN used for security and electronic signature.
1. The Password is used to ensure only the authorized individual has access to a particular account. The PIN is a form of electronic signature and is used throughout the program for attesting that submitted information is accurate and for authorizing charges to an account. The password and PIN that you have is your personal information and should not be shared with anyone. Protect them just like you would protect your bank PIN. 2. If you are in a situation that you choose to disclose your PIN to someone
else for convenience sake, make sure you understand what you are agreeing to and what might be charged to your account. Once done, it is highly recommended that you change your password or PIN.
3. If your password or PIN is compromised, make sure you change it as appropriate. This can be done from your home page by selecting the appropriate icon located on the upper right corner of the page. The process is intuitive. Please see your instructor or dispatch if you have any questions about this process.
E. Students are encouraged and expected to maintain current personal contact information in ETA-Talon.
1. Pilots may confirm their address and emergency contact information is accurate by accessing this information from the “Personnel” option on the left side of their home page.
2. From the personnel page, fill in the appropriate information at the top, change all fields to “All” and press the FILTER button. At this time the pilots name should appear. Once your name appears, select the “D”
CHANGE 12 FOM 61-10 01-03-2008 button to show personnel details.
3. On the personnel details page you may access both personal address information and emergency contact information via the links on the left column.
WMU61.59 Logging of Training, DPIC and PIC Time
A. The following are recommendations on how to record training time in personal logbooks. Following these recommendations will help facilitate consistency between WMU pilots and instructors. The most important issue is that one’s personal logbook stays consistent with the methods of logging pilot experience.
B. Logging of AATD and FTD Time
1. Training Device activity shall be logged in personal logbooks as follows: a. Date of activity
b. Type of training device (F-142, F-241, AATD, etc.)
c. Identification number of training device (W-5, W-8, W-11, etc.) d. Location of training device (KBTL)
e. Instructor signature f. Lesson content
2. The following columns shall also be completed in personal logbooks for training device activities:
a. Dual Received
b. Flight Simulator/Flight Training Device
c. Simulated Instrument (portion of time devoted to instrument training) d. Instrument Approaches (if applicable)
C. Logging of “DPIC” Flight Time
1. Federal Aviation Regulations require students in the commercial multi engine flight course gain experience “performing the duties of pilot in command” (DPIC) while under the supervision of a certificated flight instructor.
2. DPIC flight experience in the multi engine commercial course is comparable to solo flight experience in the single engine commercial course. As such, even though DPIC flight time is logged as “dual received”, it cannot be counted toward the required dual flight time for the certificate/rating.
3. The intent of DPIC flight time is to allow the instructor to observe, evaluate, and train the student on performing the duties of pilot in command in a multiengine airplane (e.g. CRM training). It is not
intended to allow the instructor to teach basic multi engine concepts and procedures.
CHANGE 12 FOM 61-11 01-03-2008 4. DPIC flight time cannot be logged as PIC flight time unless the student is
rated in multi engine aircraft.
5. When logging DPIC flight time in a personal logbook, the flight time should be logged in the following columns:
a. Airplane multi engine land
b. Dual received (for the student) or Dual given (for the instructor). c. Total experience or total flight time
d. Any other columns as applicable to the flight such as night, simulated instrument, actual instrument and cross-country.
6. Additionally, logbook entries for DPIC flight time should include the statement “PIC training per § 61.129(b)(4)” or “PIC training per § 141 Appendix D 5(b)”.
D. The following clarifications concern areas of common misinterpretation relative to logging PIC flight time for Student, Private and Commercial pilots. This is not intended to include all cases for PIC requirements as stated by regulations. The following should help clarify the logging of PIC flight time in the student’s logbook:
1. Student pilots may log pilot-in-command if they possess a current solo flight endorsement and are the sole occupant of the aircraft.
2. Private and commercial pilots may log as pilot-in-command flight time acquired as instrument safety pilot. (In this case, two may log PIC.) 3. Private and commercial pilots may log as PIC flight time as sole
manipulator of controls provided they are properly rated for the aircraft. WMU61.63 Scheduling and Utilization of Resources
A. Occasionally, there are times when the request for training resources
exceeded resources available. This section provides guidance for increasing the efficiency of scheduling and establishing priority when limited resources are a reality.
B. Building the Schedule
1. There are times when ETA-Talon does not automatically schedule an activity. These are any non-dual activities with a duration that is more than 1.5. This includes all cross countries and night flights regardless of whether they are dual or solo. If the next activity falls into any these categories ETA-Talon will not automatically schedule anything during the “hard slot”. When this happens, it is up to the instructor to enter a schedule request for the appropriate alternative activity.
2. When entering a schedule request use the "resource" tab at the bottom of the request screen to see the availability of the resources. (The number represents what is still available). This is particularly useful when
CHANGE 12 FOM 61-12 01-03-2008 attempting to schedule resources which have a small number of
availability (AATD, FTD and Arrows) C. Flying the Schedule
1. Once scheduled, we all must adhere to the schedule. "Due back" times are based upon "activity start" times not "ramp out" times. If you end up getting a late start for whatever reason, you must have the aircraft or training device back at the scheduled time. Exceptions to this must be approved by dispatch. If a resource is not available at your start time, you will need to assess if you will be able to complete the activity in the remaining time or consider changing the lesson to something that will not require the resource for that duration.
2. Dispatching sequence will be based upon scheduled activity start time not when a dispatch sheet is turned into dispatch.
D. If resources are limited to the point where crews will be denied aircraft, the following is a list for priority:
1. University Transport 2. FAA Checkrides
3. Schedule requests made before the schedule is posted a. Stage checks
b. Prog checks
c. Student Training within an instructor's bid line d. Student Training outside of an instructor's bid line e. Standards
4. Ops Request (Schedule requests made after the schedule is posted) a. Stage checks
b. Prog checks c. Student Training d. Standards
5. Personal Use
WMU61.69 Stage and Progress Checks A. Scheduling of prog and stage checks
1. Scheduling of stage and progress checks will normally be facilitated through the scheduling department.
2. Once a student is assigned to a check instructor for a stage or progress check, it is the responsibility of that check instructor to see that check flight through to its completion. Completion means that the check flight has been successfully completed.
3. If a check flight is cancelled due to weather, it is the responsibility of that check instructor to reschedule that check (within his/her schedule) for the
CHANGE 12 FOM 61-13 01-03-2008 conduct of that check. Coordination with Scheduling shall be conducted so there is an assurance that an aircraft will be available. Scheduling will place a high priority on the rescheduling of check flights.
4. The same is true of partial completion of check flights. It is the
responsibility of the check instructor to see that check flight through to its completion. If a check flight is incomplete due to either not completing a task or student performance was below required standards, it remains the responsibility of the check instructor to schedule the “re-check” within a timely manner.
5. It is expected that the check instructor accommodate rescheduling of the check flight within a one-week period. As always, there will be
exceptions to the above policy. If a check instructor cannot reschedule within one week, that check instructor shall make every effort to schedule the check with another check instructor. As a last resort, the check flight will be returned to scheduling for reassignment.
B. Student performance on stage and progress checks
1. It is strongly recommended that an applicant has completed recent training prior to the conduct of a stage or progress check. This includes the recommendation of a minimum of two dual activities (flight and/or ground) within the week prior to the stage check.
2. It is expected that an applicant successfully complete the oral exam prior to the flight portion of any stage check. This does not preclude
performing the flight portion if the oral is not complete in its entirety, but requires the mutual agreement of both the check instructor and applicant to do so.
3. If the applicant fails either the oral or flight portion of a stage check, additional training from the student’s instructor is mandatory prior to re-attempting the stage check. A failing grade shall be issued if a stage check is not passed.
4. Should the applicant fail either the oral portion or the flight portion on three or more subject areas [tasks], they will be required to retake that section in its entirety. This includes portions that were previously
passed. If the failure was on two or fewer subject areas [tasks], only the deficient portions are required to be completed on the retest. This section does not, however, preclude a check instructor from retesting other areas as they deem necessary.
5. If an applicant fails the stage check two times for any reason (flight or oral) they shall be required to meet with their individual instructor and a Program Manager (or Chief Instructor) for further guidance. Likely outcomes from this meeting are listed below:
CHANGE 12 FOM 61-14 01-03-2008 a. Mandatory retraining; Three hours of retraining is typical, but each
situation is analyzed on a case by case basis and more may be recommended.
b. The requirement to complete a subsequent stage check in its entirety after retraining is conducted.
6. If an applicant is not successful in completing a stage check in three attempts, the applicant will be referred to a formal review board to determine further course of action.
WMU
Part 71
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CHANGE 12 FOM 71-1 01-03-2008 WMU71.1 Applicability
This part describes the airports and airport environments that are suitable and approved for use in WMU aircraft.
WMU71.6 Restricted Airports, Runways, and Sod Fields
A. Approved sod runways are for single engine fixed gear aircraft on dual flights and staff currency flights only. Solo training flights are prohibited from operating on sod runways. Use of sod runways is prohibited for Seneca, Seminole, and Arrow aircraft unless prior permission is obtained from the College of Aviation CFI or DO. It is the responsibility of the PIC to ensure the sod runway is in safe/suitable condition for use. The table lists the only approved sod runways. Most of these runways do not meet the runway length requirements of Cirrus aircraft.
Approved Sod Fields and Unpaved Runways
Name Location Ident. Runway Length Gen Cond. Remarks
Almena Paw Paw, MI 2C5 09-27 09 27
3300 2415 2141
Good Obstacles on both ends Displaced thresholds
Branch Co. Coldwater, MI OEB 16-34 2400 Good Crosses pavements
David Athens, MI 9C2 09-27 2500 Excellent Ultralight & cropdusting activity Fitch Beach Charlotte, MI 07G 14-32 2318 Fair - Good Military helicopters
Closed Dec. - Mar. when snow covered Crosses pavements
Hastings Hastings, MI 9D9 09-27 18-36
2400 2567
Good Parachute jumping Crosses pavements Ionia Ionia, MI Y70 18-36 3950 Excellent Crosses pavement
Gliders Neumans Kalamazoo, MI 4NO 18-36 2697 Good
Plainwell Muni. Plainwell, MI 61D 01-19 2550 Fair - Good Short runways; obstacles Skyway Estates Eaton Rapids, MI 60G 08-26 2653 Good Aerobatic Box - See AFD
B. For operation of Cessna 150, Cessna 172, and Piper Cub aircraft, all other landing surfaces shall be of hard surface (asphalt or concrete), a minimum of 2,500' usable runway and of suitable length for intended operations unless otherwise approved by the CFI or his/her assistant.
C. For operation of SR20, SR22, Piper Arrow, Seminole, and Seneca aircraft,
CHANGE 12 FOM 71-2 01-03-2008 the minimum runway length shall be 3,000’ unless otherwise approved by the CFI or his/her assistant.
D. The lengths identified in items B & C above are general policy and actual aircraft performance may dictate greater runway lengths. It is expected that usable runway length is at least double that required by calculated aircraft performance.
E. Off Limit Airports
Many airports within range of Battle Creek are NOT suitable for WMU flight operations for rather obvious reasons. Except in an emergency, any use of these airports is a violation of procedure unless prior permission is granted by the CFI, DO, or DSS. Such airports are as follows:
1. Any island airport that is not readily accessible by automobile, such as Mackinac Island
2. Any private or closed airport
3. Any airport outside of the USA, such as Canadian. 4. Any airport beyond 400 NM from BTL.
F. Any restrictions noted for airports on table WMU71.11 must be adhered to for both training and non-training flights. This includes all staff currency flights (personal use.) The restriction of “Dual Only” is considered to be met if a WMU flight instructor is on board.
WMU71.11 Approved Training Airports
A. The following table includes the list of airports that are approved for use during training flights in WMU aircraft. All restrictions noted must be complied with both during training flights and non-training flights.
B. This is a reprint of the “Approved Airport List” in the FAA Approved FAR Part 141 TCO flight syllabus. If discrepancies occur between the two lists, the “Approved Airport List” in the TCO is the official list.
Approved Airport List
other airports may be approved by Chief or Assistant Chief Flight Instructor * airports with less than 4000ft of runway available.
A/P
ID Airport Name City St.
NM From
BTL
Restrictions
MICHIGAN
* ADG Lenawee County ADRIAN MI 58.7
35D Padgham Field ALLEGAN MI 28.8
AMN Gratiot Community ALMA MI 65.8
APN Alpena County Regional ALPENA MI 181.9 * ARB Ann Arbor Municipal ANN ARBOR MI 67.1
CHANGE 12 FOM 71-3 01-03-2008
BTL W.K. Kellogg / Battle Creek BATTLE CREEK MI 0 * 3CM James Clements Municipal BAY CITY MI 95.4
ACB Antrim County BELLAIRE MI 161.1
BEH Southwest Michigan Regional BENTON HARBOR MI 53.4 C20 Andrews University Airpark BERRIEN SPRINGS MI 54.1
CAD Wexford County CADILLAC MI 118.4
CVX Charlevoix Municipal CHARLEVOIX MI 180.0 Rwy 9-27 only
* FPK Fitch H Beach CHARLOTTE MI 25.2
OEB Branch County Memorial COLDWATER MI 24.1
YIP Willow Run DETROIT MI 76.6
DTW Detroit Metropolitan Wayne County DETROIT MI 84.8 Dual only
DET Detroit City DETROIT MI 99.7 Dual only
UIZ Berz-Macomb DETROIT MI 103.5
D98 Romeo State DETROIT MI 104.9
C91 Dowagiac Municipal DOWAGIAC MI 43.4
6D9 Iosco County EAST TAWAS MI 144.6
FNT Bishop International FLINT MI 77.5
3FM Fremont Municipal FREMONT MI 75.4
GLR Otsego County GAYLORD MI 164.3
GDW Gladwin GLADWIN MI 105.4
* 3GM Grand Haven Mem Airpark GRAND HAVEN MI 60.4 Rwy 9-27 only 4D0 Grand Ledge Abrams Municipal GRAND LEDGE MI 36.2
GRR Gerald R. Ford International GRAND RAPIDS MI 36.5 6D6 Greenville Municipal GREENVILLE MI 50.2
* 9D9 Hastings HASTINGS MI 21.8
JYM Hillsdale Municipal HILLSDALE MI 37.6
BIV Tulip City HOLLAND MI 46.0
HTL Roscommon County HOUGHTON LAKE MI 125.9 Rwy 9-27 only
OZW Livingston County HOWELL MI 59.4
Y70 Ionia County IONIA MI 38.8
JXN Jackson County-Reynolds Field JACKSON MI 35.3
* 08C Riverview JENISON MI 45.0 Dual only
AZO Kalamazoo/Battle Creek International KALAMAZOO MI 14.0 KDUH Toledo Suburban LAMBERTVILLE MI 79.0
LAN Capital City LANSING MI 40.8
* D95 Dupont-Lapeer LAPEER MI 98.6 Rwy 36-18 only
LDM Mason County LUDINGTON MI 111.6
MBL Manistee Co.-Blacker MANISTEE MI 125.8
* 77G Marlette MARLETTE MI 112.7
* RMY Brooks Field MARSHALL MI 13.6
TEW Mason Jewett Field MASON MI 39.9
* 3BS Jack Barstow MIDLAND MI 92.3
TTF Monroe Custer MONROE MI 83.9
MOP Mount Pleasant Municipal MOUNT PLEASANT MI 82.1
MKG Muskegon County MUSKEGON MI 67.6
3TR Jerry Tyler Memorial NILES MI 51.8
OSC Oscoda-Wurtsmith OSCODA MI 152.6
* 5D3 Owosso Community OWOSSO MI 64.1
PLN Pellston Regional Airport Of Emmet County PELLSTON MI 197.0 PTK Oakland County International PONTIAC MI 84.0 PHN St. Clair County International PORT HURON MI 125.7
MBS MBS International SAGINAW MI 89.9
HYX Saginaw County H.W. Browne SAGINAW MI 91.2 ANJ Sault Ste Marie Municipal/Sanderson Field SAULT STE MARIE MI 253.4 LWA South Haven Area Regional SOUTH HAVEN MI 44.6
IRS Kirsch Municipal STURGIS MI 30.9
HAI Three Rivers Municipal Dr Haines THREE RIVERS MI 25.8 TVC Cherry Capital TRAVERSE CITY MI 146.9
