WWD-1
1 MW wind turbine
Contents
1. General... 3
2. Tower... 6
3. Rotor... 6
4. 3-RR main bearing (three row cylinder bearing) ... 7
5. Planetary gear ... 7 6. Lubrication... 8 7. Generator ... 8 8. Brake system... 8 9. Hydraulic system... 9 10. Glassfiber cover ... 10 11. Yaw system... 10 12. Foundation... 11 13. Grid connection ... 11
14. Turbine control, remote monitoring and reporting ... 12
14.1. Reporting... 12
14.2. Transformation of production data into other information systems (optional) ... 13
14.3. Presenting the production data on the Internet (optional) ... 14
14.4. Remote control ... 14
14.5. Alarms ... 15
15. Self-diagnostic of the wind turbine ... 15
16. Lightning protection... 15
17. Anti-icing of blades... 16
18. Aviation lights ... 16
19. Maximum temperatures ... 16
20. Power curve... 17
Information of this document is subject to change without notice.
WinWinD® is a registered trademark of WinWinD Oy.
This document contains general information about WWD-1 wind turbines. The exact scope of delivery shall is defined in Contents of the Delivery
Date Revision Author Remark
Aug 2003 8/2003 Eku Document update Aug 2003 8-1/2003 EKu Dimensions updated Nov 2003 8-2/200 EKu Updated
1. General
WinWinD has developed an innovative wind turbine for the market with its WWD concept. WinWinD’ s basic values include customer satisfaction and the operational reliability of the products, as well as the win-win
co-operation achieved between the clients and WinWinD.
On the basis of thorough technical and economic research work the WWD concept, which allows electricity to be produced with a new innovative inte-grated power unit, was created. The basis for design was efficiency, reliabil-ity and ease of maintenance which allows the WWD concept to offer the most cost-effective production throughout its total life, combined with the lowest operating costs.
The drive train of the WWD-1 wind turbine consists of a single-stage
plane-tary gear and a low-speed synchronous generator. This Multibrid®-concept
combines the reliability of a direct drive and the compactness of a gear sys-tem. Low rotational speed together with precise dimensioning ensures reli-ability. The solution is suitable for a weak grid and also enables operation in a stand-alone mode.
Low maintenance costs are also benefits of the WWD-concept. The main-tenance is designed so that the production stops are minimized. This means, in practice, that all the maintenance is done on-site without expen-sive equipment. The used components have exceptional long maintenance cycle, which decreases maintenance costs as well.
General
Type 3 blades, 4 degree tilt, up-wind
Power control Pitch, variable speed
Rated power 1000 kW
Rotor diameter 60 meter
Cut-in wind speed 3,0 m/s
Rated wind speed 12,5 m/s
Cut-out wind speed 20,0 m/s
Design maximum 59,5 m/s (at hub height)
Rotor speed 7,7-25,6 rpm
Generator speed 44-146 rpm
Nacelle weight 36 000 kg
Colour of tower and nacelle RAL 7035 grey
Colour of tower and nacelle RAL 7035 grey
Classification IEC III, -7,5 m/s, 20 years (60 m)
Operating temperature -10...+ 35 ºC
Certification Germanischer Lloyd will certify the
WWD-1 wind turbine.
The rotor is combined to the power unit using a custom-made three-row roller bearing (1). The roller bearing transfers the rotor loads directly to the main casing past the planetary gear and generator.
The single-stage planetary gear (2) has a planetary carrier that runs with the rotor. The planetary carrier runs the planet gears, which pass the power to the sun gear increasing the rotating speed ratio 5,71, that is, to 44-146 rpm. The low speed generator (3) produces the electricity, which is con-veyed to the frequency converter.
The direction and speed of the wind are measured by the anemometer and wind vane on the cooler. On the basis of the information of the wind vane, the drive train is turned using the yaw motor so that the blades face up-wind. The rotational speed is controlled by three independent electric pitches (4).
2. Tower
Hub height 56 m 66 m
Tower length 53,5 m 63,5 m
Number of sections 2 3
Weight 68 000 kg 90 000 kg
Colour RAL 7035 RAL 7035
3. Rotor
The rotor consists of three blades, hub and three electrical pitches. The blades are made of epoxy resin reinforced glassfibre. The blades also act as aerodynamic brakes. Normally the blades are synchronised but in case of an emergency each blade can be con-trolled individually. The pitch system is electric and equipped with a back-up battery. The blades are equipped with lightning conduc-tors.
Rotor main data
Rotor diameter 56 m / 60 m
Swept area 2463 m2 / 2826 m2
Rated tip speed 75.6 m/s
Specific power 406 W/m2
Rotor speed 7.7 – 25.6 rpm
Rotor tilt 4 degrees
Rotor cone angle 0
Tip’s distance from the tower 4.56 m
Hub
Manufacturer Metso Foundry (or a second
source)
Type Spherical graphite cast iron
Material GJS-400-18 ULT
Blades
Manufacturer EUROS GmbH (or a second
source)
Material Epoxy resin reinforced glassfibre
Profile NACA / TUDELFT
Total length 27.4 m (56 m version)
Surface area About 40 m2 (56 m version)
Cross sections 2.40 / 1.48 m
Colour RAL 7035 grey
Lightning protection Integrated lightning conductors
Power control (pitch)
Type Electrically synchronised pitch, in
case of an emergency independent pitch for each blade
Manufacturer SSB GmbH (or a second source)
Blade bearing 2-ballbearing
Manufacturer HRE (or a second source)
Gearing 3-stage planetary gear
Manufacturer Bonfiglioli (or a second source)
Maximum speed 20 degrees/s
4. 3-RR main bearing (three row cylinder bearing)
The main bearing is integrated to the hub and the supporting power unit. The bearing is lubricated with oil and protected against weather. The dou-ble lip seal is filled with grease.
3-RR bearing
Manufacturer Hoesch-Rothe-Erde (or a second
source)
Material Ball races 42 CrMo 4 V
Roller races 100 Cr 6
Weight About 1350 kg
5. Planetary gear
Planetary gear
Manufacturer Metso Drives
Type 1-stage, PL-540, helical gear
Cooling Oil circulation and cooler
Lubrication Forced lubrication
Oil type VG320
Oil change Annual check, change when
needed
6. Lubrication
Hydraulic system
Manufacturer Hydac Oy (or a second source)
Oil type VG320
Cooling Separate cooler
Heating Electric resistor
7. Generator
Generator
Manufacturer ABB Helsinki
Type AMG 1120SE20 DSEB
Cooling Water jacket
Rated power 1057 kW
Rated voltage 660 V (internal voltage)
Insulation category F
Protection category Inside IP23,
IP56 in general
Grid connection Via IGBT-inverter
8. Brake system
Each rotor blade independently acts as an aerodynamic brake. The computer controls the system with the help of the anemometer and wind vane.
The stop procedures are:
The normal stop: the blades are synchronised and they are
adjusted to the stop position 5 degrees/s without using any mechanical brakes.
The fast stop: the blades are adjusted to the stop position 15
degrees/s without using any mechanical brakes.
The emergency stop: the blades are adjusted to the stop
posi-tion with the speed of about 20 degrees/s using the battery power. The mechanical brakes are used at the same time.
Each blade can be independently adjusted to the stop position. Each blade is equipped with a back-up battery. If one of the blade pitches fails, the syn-chronisation is turned off and each blade is driven separately to the storm position using the back-up battery.
The system meets the standards of Germanischer Lloyd. The standard does not require the mechanical brakes but that improves security and is used for locking the rotor during maintenance.
Aerodynamic brake
Type 3 individual blade pitch
Activation Electric
Mechanical brake
Type Active hydraulic disc brake
Number 2
Manufacturer Antec (or a second source)
Location Behind the rotor, on the fast side
Disc material S355 J2G3
9. Hydraulic system
Hydraulic system
Manufacturer Hydac (or a second source)
Hydraulic fluid VG 50
10. Glassfiber cover
Hub cover
Manufacturer Kuitunikkarit (or a second source)
Material Sandwich glassfiber
Colour RAL 7035 grey
11. Yaw system
The wind vane on the roof of the drive train continuously monitors the direc-tion of the wind. The wind vane is equipped with an anti-icing system. When the direction of the wind changes, two geared yaw motors on top of the tower (at the yaw bearing level) turn on and the hydraulic brakes are loos-ened automatically.
Yaw bearing
Manufacturer HRE (or a second source)
Type One row prestressed ball bearing
Material 42 CrMo 4, balls 100 CR 6
Yaw gearing
Manufacturer Bonfiglioli (or a second source)
Type 4-stage planetary gear
Number 2
Yaw speed 0,75 degrees/s
Yaw motor
Type Asynchronous motor
Rated power 2,2 kW
Protection IP54
Speed 940 r/min
Yaw brakes
Manufacturer Antec (or a second source)
Type Prestressed, active
12. Foundation
The foundation is a massive solid slab foundation laid either on ground or on pile foundation depending on the local ground conditions.
The tower shall be connected to the foundation by cylindrical flange or ground bolts.
13. Grid connection
WinWinD wind turbine is monitored by a programmable, digital central con-trol system, which analyses and concon-trols the electricity production accord-ing to the digital data, provided by the sensors.
An IGBT inverter is used for connecting to the grid. The inverter is con-nected to an transformer either outside or inside the foundation. The volt-age level of the electricity fed to the grid is either 10 kV or 20 kV and the frequency either 50 Hz or 60Hz depending on the grid.
Monitoring
Connecting equipment MITA Systems
Main frame MITA WP3000
Type Microprocessors in parallel
Grid connection IGBT AC inverter
AC inverter
Manufacturer ABB (or a second source)
Type 4 quadrant IGBT frequency
con-verter
Power ab. 1400 kVA
Supply voltage 690 V (+ 10% / -15%)
Supply mains’ frequency 48-63 Hz
Water cooled
Minimum requirements of the transformer
Power 1100 kVA
Rated voltage 690 V
Low-loss
Static Screen
14. Turbine control, remote monitoring and reporting
WinWinD wind turbines can be connected to remote monitoring system us-ing an ISDN connection or an analogue telephone line. It is possible to use a GSM connection, too, if there are no landlines available.
14.1. Reporting
The remote control can be used for diverse monitoring of the functions of the wind turbine, e.g., basic data, (daily, weekly, monthly or annual) produc-tion and the status of different funcproduc-tions.
Example of the basic data:
In addition, the system gathers diverse data on production and functions. The following figure is an example of a daily power production report.
The graphic user interface is user-friendly and the outputs are clear. The following information, for example, is available real time:
9 Information on production and wind 9 Temperatures
9 Currents, voltages and power data 9 Rotational speed
The diagrammatic presentations and drawings include 9 Daily, monthly and annual production
9 The production data of the latest 24 hours at 10 minute intervals 9 Log events
The production data can be printed. Mita-modules needed:
• Mita Basic dongle
14.2. Transformation of production data into other information systems (op-tional)
The production data can be automatically retrieved from the wind turbine to the control room at fixed intervals. The data can then be converted to, for example, Excel or Access format. It is possible to produce an ASCII text file, as well.
This enables the client to make use of the diverse production data of the wind turbine in their own systems.
Mita-modules needed: • Mita Basic dongle
• Mita AutoCall (to fetch information from turbines to office))
14.3. Presenting the production data on the Internet (optional)
The system enables presenting the production data of the wind turbines on the Internet. Access to the data can be free or a username with password can be used. Thus the production data can be viewed regardless of the place or time; the Internet-connection, however, is a necessity.
In addition, the client can upload the production data onto their own com-puter in Excel format, which makes further reporting smooth.
WinWinD modules needed:
WinWinD Internet-based wind park production www- service
14.4. Remote control
Wind turbine can be remote controlled. Settings of the main frame can be changed also remotely. The wind turbine can be started and stopped using the remote control, too.
Mita-modules needed: • Mita Basic dongle
Mita Remote Display
14.5. Alarms
In case of a malfunction the system alarms and informs the central control room or any pre-programmed telephone number of the need for repair. The alarm can also be forwarded from the central control room to the main-tenance personnel using either an SMS or e-mail (optional).
Mita-modules needed:
• Mita Basic dongle (to receive the alarm call) • Mita Auto Alarm Dispatch (for e-mail)
WinWinD modules needed: From E-mail to SMS - module
15. Self-diagnostic of the wind turbine
The wind turbine is equipped with an automatic monitoring system, which continuously protects and controls the generator and the grid and adjusts the settings according to the wind and weather conditions. This way the power production can be optimised. During the cold season the sensors measure the need for heating of the power unit and lubrication oil and en-sure a safe start.
For case of a grid drop the wind turbine has an uninterruptible power sys-tem (UPS), which ensures the control for 3 minutes.
The anemometer and wind vane of the wind turbine monitor the changes in the wind and the technique starts and stops the plant according to the set-tings.
16. Lightning protection
The most advanced lightning protection technology in the field is used. The following principles are applied
9 Lightning conductor in each blade
9 Varistors and fuses in the connector casing of the generator 9 Varistors and fuses on the connectors of the inverter
9 Protected sensor cables
9 Overvoltage protection on the high voltage side of the transformer 9 Earthing of the tower according to the VDE 0185 standard
9 The functioning of the varistors and fuses signalled to the control computer
17. Anti-icing of blades
Anti-icing of the blades is not in use.
18. Aviation lights
Light intensity 10 cd *)
Battery back-up (in case of grid failure) no
Type of light fixed
Light colour red
GPS-synchronisation no
Amount of lights per turbine 1 unit (consist of tens of leds)
Type of the lamps led
*) ICAO (International Civil Aviation Organization) defines minimum requirements for
obstacle lights: ICAO Type A, low-intensity, fixed red light: Minimum intensity 10 cd at +6° and +10° elevation angles, Vertical beam spread 10°
19. Maximum temperatures
When having +35 ºC or smaller outside temperature at hub height the production capacity is according the power curve.
When having more than +35 ºC outside temperature at hub height, the production capacity depends on temperature and wind speed. In some conditions, maximum power shall be temporarily limited.
20. Power curve
Below is presented the calculated power curve with rotor diameter of 56 m and 60 m. (Air density 1.225 kg/m3)
The following values are for WWD-1 / 56 m rotor
v (m/s) Ct Ce 1 0,81 0,000 2 0,81 0,000 3 0,81 0,228 4 0,81 0,322 5 0,81 0,380 6 0,81 0,408 7 0,81 0,413 8 0,81 0,418 9 0,81 0,419 10 0,76 0,419 11 0,70 0,401 12 0,57 0,378 13 0,41 0,305 14 0,32 0,244 15 0,25 0,199 16 0,21 0,164 17 0,17 0,136 18 0,14 0,115 19 0,12 0,098 20 0,11 0,084 21 0,09 0,072 22 0,08 0,063 23 0,07 0,055 24 0,06 0,048 25 0,06 0,042
