An Introduction to Cloud Computing

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Cloud Computing

An Introduction to Cloud Computing

Dan O'Riordan

IDR, La Gaude

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Agenda

Introduction

Cloud computing services

Principles of openness

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Before the Web

If you wanted to sell things to the public, you needed a

storefront

Massive cost in real estate, fixtures, maintenance,

shrinkage

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What if …

You could have hundreds of millions of storefronts

worldwide?

Without real estate Without fixtures

Without maintenance Without shrinkage

With [relatively] zero cost to entry

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Before the cloud

If you wanted to start an enterprise, you needed an IT shop

Massive costs in hardware, software, power,

administrative staff

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What if …

You could have unlimited computing resources?

All the processing power you want All the data storage you want

Data mining whenever you want

Cloud computing will be the biggest change to our

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Cloud characteristics

Rapid elasticity

You can go from 5 servers to 50 or from 50 servers to 5

Measured service

You pay for what you use

On-demand self-service

You get elasticity automatically

Ubiquitous network access

You can access the cloud from anywhere

Location-independent resource pooling

You work with virtual machines that could be hosted anywhere

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You’re on the cloud already

If you use Flickr or Facebook or LinkedIn or Twitter or Backpack or [insert hundreds of other sites here], you’re using the cloud

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A selection of cloud components

Software as a Service

Utility Computing

Web Services

Platform as a Service

Managed Service Providers

Service Commerce Platforms

Internet Integration

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Comparing cloud to other computing types

Grid computing

Utility computing

Autonomic computing

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The emergence of cloud computing – differing

points of view

IT Analysts

Financial Analysts IT Customers

End Users

Common Attributes of Clouds

Enhanced user experience Elastic scaling

Automated provisioning Highly virtualized

Source: IBM Corporate Strategy analysis of MI, PR, AR and VCG compilations

Anywhere access to applications through a simplified user interface

Rapid time to market for new services.

Anywhere access to applications through a simplified user interface Ability to elastically

scale resources and maintain high quality of service

Ability to elastically scale resources at significantly lower

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Alternate Client Devices Data-Intensive Applications Infrastructure Technologies Networking Industrialization of IT Business Model Application Technologies Data Center Pressures

Web Platforms and Applications 1980 1990 2000 2010 2020 Internet Web Cloud Connectivity Information and E-Commerce Elastic Services

Evolving technologies help businesses continue

to innovate

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files (e.g., YouTube) Infrastructure Technologies: Virtualization and automation Networking: Growth in connectivity and bandwidth through the Internet Industrialization of IT:

Standardization and commoditization (e.g.,

e-mail), open source

Business Model: Advertising subsidized, venture

funding for service model Application Technologies: From parallel processing (grid, MapReduce, Hadoop) to Web 2.0, SOA Data Center Pressures: Growing costs of power and space,

server sprawl

Web Platforms and Applications: Elastically scalable

global class infrastructure and mashable services built

on WOA (e.g., REST, RSS/Atom) 1980 1990 2000 2010 2020 Internet Web Cloud Connectivity Information and E-Commerce Elastic Services

Evolving technologies help businesses continue

to innovate

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Agenda

Introduction

Cloud computing services

Where we go from here

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Cloud services

There are four basic things people are doing in the

cloud:

Machines in the cloud Storage in the cloud Databases in the cloud Applications in the cloud

In addition to these four basics, cloud providers offer other services such as message queues and data mining

All of these things are lumped into the generic term

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Machines in the cloud

Many cloud providers allow you to create a Virtual

Machine (VM) and deploy it in the cloud

Your VM images are stored in cloud storage You can create as many images as you need

You can automatically start and stop running instances of those

images as needed

This is the simplest way to get started in the cloud, particularly if you’ve been using virtualization already

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Storage in the cloud

Most cloud storage systems are designed as distributed,

redundant systems

Your data are stored on more than one disk in more than one

place

If one part of the system goes down, the rest of the system keeps

going

“There should never be a single point of failure” is a stated design

goal

But you can’t think of cloud storage as just another

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Databases in the cloud

Cloud databases have similar design points

Datasets are distributed for reliability

Some cloud databases support schemas, some don’t Some cloud databases support joins, most don’t

Some cloud databases are relational, almost all aren’t Some cloud databases are transactional, some aren’t

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Other services in the cloud

A number of vendors provide message queuing

services in the cloud

Some queuing services don’t let you peek a message, for

example

Cloud data mining services use techniques such as

Hadoop / MapReduce to analyze massive data sets

Techniques that required supercomputers, large data centers and

significant funds a few years ago can now be done for a few hundred pounds

New businesses and business models will emerge

based on the cost of data mining being reduced by several orders of magnitude

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Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud

What is Amazon EC2?

Popular Uses for Amazon EC2

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Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud running IBM

Run many of the proven IBM platform technologies by

the hour as Amazon Machine Images (AMIs)

IBM DB2 IBM Informix

IBM Lotus Content Management IBM Mashup Center

IBM WebSphere Application Server IBM WebSphere sMash

…

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Cloud computing

Private Cloud

Client owned and managed. Access limited to client and its

partner network.

Drives efficiency, standardization and best practices while retaining greater customization and

control.

Public Cloud

Service provider owned and managed.

Access by subscription.

Delivers select set of standardized business process, application and/or infrastructure services on a flexible pay per use basis.

Customization

Efficiency

Security and Privacy

Availability

Standardization

Capital preservation

Flexibility

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Cloud Computing Center at Wuxi

The municipality of Wuxi, was working to

accelerate China’s transformation to a service economy

IBM engaged the municipal government

to develop a virtual data center linking several companies in a “software park”

The public cloud implementation, China's

first commercial cloud, enabled by IBM technology and services will:

Promote growth of software start-ups

across China

Accelerate development and test cycles

Offer secure, network-isolated

environments

Deliver Backup and Restore asset

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Cloud Computing in Agriculture

Example from University of Melbourne

Experimental farm using irrigation automation

Irrigating short-term (minutes to hours) Predict micro-climate for coming week Predict market in coming months

Interconnection of real-data with climate prediction

Results are promising

Orchid saw 300% increase in profitability Dairy farm saw 70% increase in profitability

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Agenda

Introduction

Principles of openness

Where we go from here

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Cloud services

Machines in the cloud

Can I move my VM elsewhere?

Storage in the cloud

Can I move my data elsewhere?

Databases in the cloud

Can I move my data elsewhere?

Applications in the cloud

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Vendor lock-in

If there’s a new technology, any talented programmer

will want to use it

Maybe the shiny new thing is appropriate for what we’re doing Maybe not

We’re probably going to use it anyway

The challenge is to walk the line between using the

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The Open Cloud Manifesto

A statement of principles for openness in cloud computing

More than 300 supporters and growing

Join the “Open Cloud

Manifesto” group

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The principles in action

The Cloud Computing Use Cases Google group has a white paper of common use cases

Join us at groups.google.com/ group/cloud-computing-use-cases

Version 2 of the paper is available at bit.ly/1FXRAH

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Agenda

Introduction

Where we go from here

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Issues with the Internet

“It’s not secure.”

“I don’t want to lose control of my infrastructure.”

“I don’t know how reliable it is.”

“I don’t know if my partners are going to use it.”

All of these were important, legitimate issues

With VPNs and other technology, the industry solved these

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Issues with the cloud

“It’s not secure.”

“I don’t want to lose control of my infrastructure.”

“I don’t know how reliable it is.”

“I don’t know if my partners are going to use it.”

All of these are important, legitimate issues

We’ve got some work to do, but the massive economic incentives

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Key questions to ask

Will cloud computing help create and deliver innovative

business and consumer services to achieve greater competitive differentiation?

Can cloud computing help to quickly achieve goals for IT

optimization, cost savings and faster time to market?

Is competitive advantage gained by using cloud

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