Electronic Health Record. Standards, Coding Systems, Frameworks, and Infrastructures

(1)

Brochure

More information from http://www.researchandmarkets.com/reports/2178436/

Electronic Health Record. Standards, Coding Systems, Frameworks, and

Infrastructures

Description: Discover How Electronic Health Records Are Built to Drive the Next Generation of Healthcare Delivery The increased role of IT in the healthcare sector has led to the coining of a new phrase "health informatics," which deals with the use of IT for better healthcare services. Health informatics applications often involve maintaining the health records of individuals, in digital form, which is referred to as an Electronic Health Record (EHR). Building and implementing an EHR infrastructure requires an understanding of healthcare standards, coding systems, and frameworks. This book provides an overview of different health informatics resources and artifacts that underlie the design and development of interoperable healthcare systems and applications.

Electronic Health Record: Standards, Coding Systems, Frameworks, and Infrastructures compiles, for the first time, study and analysis results that EHR professionals previously had to gather from multiple sources. It benefits readers by giving them an understanding of what roles a particular healthcare standard, code, or framework plays in EHR design and overall IT-enabled healthcare services along with the issues involved. This book on Electronic Health Record:

- Offers the most comprehensive coverage of available EHR Standards including ISO, European Union Standards, and national initiatives by Sweden, the Netherlands, Canada, Australia, and many others - Provides assessment of existing standards

- Includes a glossary of frequently used terms in the area of EHR

- Contains numerous diagrams and illustrations to facilitate comprehension - Discusses security and reliability of data

Contents: Preface XVII Acronyms XXVII PART ONE Introduction 1 Introduction to EHR 3 1.1 Introduction, 3 1.2 Definition of EHR, 4 1.3 Functions of EHR, 5 1.4 Significance of EHR, 6

1.5 Factors Affecting Implementation of EHR, 7 1.6 Role of Standards, 8

1.7 Role of Clinical Coding Systems, 9 1.8 Role of Standard Frameworks, 9

1.9 Case Studies of National EHR Implementations, 10 PART TWO EHR Standards

(2)

2.1 Introduction, 15

2.2 ISO/TS 18308 Requirement Specification, 16 2.2.1 Content Structure Model, 16

2.2.2 Inclusion of Clinical and Record Processes, 17 2.2.3 Content Exchange, 17

2.2.4 Privacy and Security, 17 2.2.5 Legal Considerations, 17

2.2.6 Ethical, Consumer/Cultural Aspects, 18 2.2.7 Future-proof Framework, 18

2.3 Discussion, 18 2.4 Conclusion, 20

3 Standard for Healthcare Concepts 23 3.1 Introduction, 23

3.2 CEN/TC EN 13940-1, 24

3.2.1 Actors in Continuity of Care, 24

3.2.2 Health Issues and Their Management, 25 3.2.3 Concepts Related to Responsibility, 25 3.2.4 Time-Related Concepts, 26

3.2.5 Concepts Related to Knowledge, Activities, and Decision Support, 27 3.2.6 Health Data Management, 28

3.3 CEN/TC prEN 13940-2, 28 3.3.1 Healthcare Process, 29 3.4 Discussion, 30

3.5 Conclusion, 32

4 Standard for EHR Functional Specifications 33 4.1 Introduction, 33

4.2 HL7 EHR-S Functional Model, 34 4.2.1 Functional Profiles, 34 4.2.2 Exchange, 36

4.2.3 Security/Privacy, 37

(3)

5 Standard for EHR Communication 43 5.1 Introduction, 43

5.2 CEN/ISO EN 13606 Requirement Specification, 45 5.2.1 Part 1: Reference Model, 45

5.2.2 Part 2: Archetypes Interchange Specification, 46 5.2.3 Part 3: Reference Archetypes and Term Lists, 49 5.2.4 Part 4: Security, 49

5.2.5 Part 5: Exchange Models, 50 5.3 Discussion, 51

5.4 Conclusion, 53

6 Messaging Standard for Healthcare Data 57 6.1 Introduction, 57

6.2 HL7 v2.x, 58

6.2.1 Message Structure, 60

6.2.2 Auxiliary Messaging Protocols, 61 6.2.3 Usage Scenario, 62

6.2.4 Example of HL7 v2.x Message, 62 6.3 Discussion, 64

6.4 Conclusion, 67

7 Model-Based Messaging Standard for Healthcare Data 69 7.1 Introduction, 69

7.2 HL7 v3, 69

7.2.1 Message Structure, 70 7.2.2 Interaction Model, 74

7.2.3 Role-Based Access Control, 74 7.2.4 HL7 v3 and SNOMED CT, 75

7.2.5 HL7 v3 and Service-Oriented Architecture (SOA), 75 7.3 HL7 v2.x and v3 Comparison, 75

(4)

8 Clinical Document Standards 81 8.1 Introduction, 81

8.2 Clinical Document Architecture (CDA), 82 8.2.1 Document Structures, 82

8.2.2 Example of CDA Component, 83 8.3 Continuity of Care Document (CCD), 85 8.3.1 Example of CCD Component, 86 8.4 Clinical Document Exchange, 87 8.5 Discussion, 87

8.6 Conclusion, 89

9 Standard for Medical Imaging and Communication 93 9.1 Introduction, 93

9.2 DICOM, 94

9.2.1 Information Model, 94 9.2.2 Message Exchange Model, 96 9.3 Improvements in DICOM Standard, 96 9.4 Discussion, 96

9.5 Conclusion, 100

10 Standard for Patient Health Summary 103 10.1 Introduction, 103

10.2 Continuity of Care Record (CCR), 103 10.2.1 Structural Model, 104

10.2.2 Exchange, 106 10.3 Discussion, 107 10.4 Conclusion, 108

PART THREE Coding Systems

11 Coding System for Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems 113 11.1 Introduction, 113

11.2 ICD, 114 11.2.1 Chapters, 114 11.2.2 Blocks, 114

(5)

11.3 Improvements in ICD-10, 114 11.4 Discussion, 116

11.5 Conclusion, 116

12 Coding System for Laboratory Tests and Observations 119 12.1 Introduction, 119

12.2 LOINC, 120

12.2.1 Code Classification, 120 12.2.2 Code Structure, 120

12.2.3 Regenstrief LOINC Mapping Assistant (RELMA), 122 12.3 Discussion, 122

13 Coding System for Patient Care Procedures 125 13.1 Introduction, 125 13.2 CPT, 126 13.2.1 Data Model, 127 13.2.2 CPT Sections, 128 13.2.3 CPT Index, 128 13.2.4 CPT Symbols, 128 13.2.5 CPT Modifiers, 128 13.2.6 Descriptive Qualifiers, 129 13.3 Discussion, 129 13.4 Conclusion, 130

14 Extended Coding System for Patient Care Procedures 131 14.1 Introduction, 131 14.2 HCPCS, 132 14.2.1 Level I Codes, 132 14.2.2 Level II Codes, 132 14.3 Discussion, 134 14.4 Conclusion, 134

15 Comprehensive Coding System for Clinical Terms 137 15.1 Introduction, 137

(6)

15.2.1 Concepts, 138

15.2.2 Structure of SNOMED CT Code, 140 15.3 SNOMED CT Database Browsers, 141 15.4 Discussion, 141

16 Unified Medical Language System 145 16.1 Introduction, 145

16.2 UMLS-Supported Coding Systems, 146 16.3 UMLS Architecture, 146

16.3.1 Metathesaurus, 146 16.3.2 Semantic Network, 148

16.3.3 Specialist Lexicon and Lexical Tools, 149 16.4 UMLS Licensing, 150

17 Other Coding Systems 153 17.1 Introduction, 153

17.2 AHFS Drug Information (AHFS DI), 154 17.3 Current Dental Terminology (CDT), 154

17.4 International Classification of Diseases for Oncology (ICD-O), 155

17.5 International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF), 155 17.6 Coding Systems for Nursing Practices, 156

17.6.1 North American Nursing Diagnosis Association (NANDA), 156 17.6.2 Nursing Interventions Classification (NIC), 156

17.6.3 Nursing Outcomes Classification (NOC), 156 17.7 Radiology Lexicon (RADLEX), 157

17.8 RxNorm, 157 17.9 Discussion, 157 17.10 Conclusion, 158

PART FOUR Standard Frameworks 18 openEHR 163

(7)

18.1 Introduction, 163

18.2 openEHR Process Model, 164 18.3 openEHR Architecture, 166 18.3.1 EHR Information Model, 168 18.3.2 Exchange, 170

19 Integrating the Healthcare Enterprise (IHE) 175 19.1 Introduction, 175

19.2 IHE Domains, 176 19.2.1 Integration Profiles, 176 19.2.2 Integration Statements, 179 19.2.3 Technical Frameworks, 179

19.3 IHE Initiatives on Electronic Health Record, 180 19.4 Exchange, 180

19.4.1 Cross-Enterprise Document Sharing (XDS), 180 19.5 Security, 181

19.5.1 Audit Trail & Node Authentication (ATNA), 181 19.6 Discussion, 182

PART FIVE Case Studies: National EHR Efforts 20 Australia's HealthConnect 189 20.1 Introduction, 189 20.2 Overview, 190 20.3 Architecture, 190 20.3.1 EHR Concept, 190 20.3.2 EHR Design, 191 20.3.3 e-Health Services, 193

20.3.4 National Privacy Principles (NPP), 194 20.3.5 Exchange, 194

(8)

21 Austria's ELGA 199 21.1 Introduction, 199 21.2 Overview, 200 21.3 Architecture, 200

21.3.1 Master Patient Index, 201 21.3.2 HSP Index, 201

21.3.3 Authorization System, 202 21.3.4 HSP System, 202

21.3.5 Storage (Document Registry), 202 21.3.6 Network, 202 21.3.7 ELGA Portal, 203 21.4 Functional Implementation, 203 21.4.1 Healthcare Services, 205 21.5 Exchange, 205 21.6 Discussion, 205 21.7 Conclusion, 207

22 Canada's EHRS Blueprint 211 22.1 Introduction, 211

22.2 Overview, 211 22.3 Architecture, 212

22.3.1 Electronic Health Record Solution (EHRS), 212 22.3.2 Electronic Health Record Infostructure (EHRi), 213 22.3.3 Exchange, 216 22.3.4 Legal Framework, 217 22.4 Discussion, 217 22.5 Conclusion, 219 Bibliography, 219 23 Denmark’s MedCom 221 23.1 Introduction, 221 23.2 Overview, 221 23.3 Architecture, 222

(9)

23.3.1 EHR Concept, 222 23.3.2 EHR Design, 223

23.3.3 Danish Health Data Network, 223 23.3.4 Security Infrastructure, 224

23.3.5 National Health Portal (Sundheds.dk), 224 23.3.6 Exchange, 225

24 Hong Kong's eHR Sharing System 229 24.1 Introduction, 229

24.3.1 E-Health Engagement Initiative (EEI), 230 24.3.2 eHR Sharing System, 231

24.3.3 Exchange, 233

24.3.4 Security/Privacy Guidelines, 233 24.4 Discussion, 234

25 India's Health IT Initiatives 239 25.1 Introduction, 239

25.2 Overview, 240 25.3 ITIH Framework, 240

25.4 Recommendations on Guidelines, Standards, and Practices for Telemedicine in India, 242 25.5 iHIND, 244

25.5.1 Architecture, 245

25.5.2 Confidentiality, Access, and Security, 246 25.5.3 Standards, 246

25.6 Other Initiatives, 247

25.6.1 Integrated Disease Surveillance Project, 247 25.6.2 National Rural Telemedicine Network (NRTN), 247 25.6.3 National Medical College Network, 248

(10)

25.7 Discussion, 249 25.8 Conclusion, 251 26 Netherlands' AORTA 253 26.1 Introduction, 253 26.2 Overview, 253 26.3 Architecture, 254

26.3.1 Dutch Electronic Patient Dossier (EPD) System, 254 26.3.2 NICTIZ Healthcare IT Infrastructure Workflow, 255 26.3.3 Exchange, 256 26.3.4 Security/Privacy Guidelines, 256 26.4 Discussion, 256 26.5 Conclusion, 257 27 Singapore's NEHR 259 27.1 Introduction, 259 27.2 Overview, 259 27.3 Architecture, 260 27.3.1 Health Clusters, 260 27.3.2 EMR Exchange (EMRX), 260

27.3.3 National Electronic Health Record (NEHR), 261 27.4 Discussion, 263 27.5 Conclusion, 264 28 Sweden's NPO 267 28.1 Introduction, 267 28.2 Overview, 268 28.3 Architecture, 269

28.3.1 Clinical Process Model, 269 28.3.2 Information Model, 270 28.3.3 Sjunet, 271

28.3.4 Electronic Catalog For Health and Social Care, 271 28.3.5 Secure it in Health Services, 271

(11)

28.3.7 Regulatory Framework for Information Interoperability in Healthcare, 272 28.3.8 National Patient Summary, 273

29 Taiwan's Health Information Network 277 29.1 Introduction, 277

29.3.1 National Health Information Network (HIN) 2.0, 279 29.4 Exchange, 280

29.4.1 TMT Standard, 280 29.5 Discussion, 282 29.6 Conclusion, 284

30 United Kingdom's Spine 287 30.1 Introduction, 287

30.3.1 Spine Infrastructure, 288

30.3.2 Structure of Summary Care Record, 290 30.3.3 Content of Summary Care Record, 290 30.3.4 Security Infrastructure, 291

30.3.5 Exchange, 292 30.4 Discussion, 292 30.5 Conclusion, 294

31 USA's EHR Meaningful Use 295 31.1 Introduction, 295

31.2 Overview, 296

31.3 EHR Meaningful Use, 296

31.3.1 Requirement Specifications, 297

31.4 National Health Information Network (NHIN), 301 31.4.1 NHIN Architecture, 301

(12)

31.4.3 Transaction Profiles, 303 31.4.4 Authorization Framework, 304 31.4.5 NHIN Trial Project, 304 31.4.6 NHIN Direct Project, 304 31.5 Discussion, 304

PART SIX Findings and Conclusion 32 Findings and Conclusion 313 32.1 EHR Standards, 313 32.2 Coding Systems, 317 32.3 Standard Frameworks, 318

32.4 Case Studies: National EHR Efforts, 319 32.4.1 Quantitative Assessment, 320 32.4.2 Qualitative Assessment, 324

32.5 Recommended Phases for Implementing A National EHR System, 325 Glossary 327

Index 339

Ordering: Order Online - http://www.researchandmarkets.com/reports/2178436/

Order by Fax - using the form below

Order by Post - print the order form below and send to Research and Markets,

Guinness Centre, Taylors Lane, Dublin 8, Ireland.

(13)

Page 1 of 2

Fax Order Form

To place an order via fax simply print this form, fill in the information below and fax the completed form to 646-607-1907 (from USA) or +353-1-481-1716 (from Rest of World). If you have any questions please visit

http://www.researchandmarkets.com/contact/

Order Information

Please verify that the product information is correct and select the format(s) you require.

Product Formats

Please select the product formats and quantity you require:

* Shipping/Handling is only charged once per order.

Contact Information

Please enter all the information below in BLOCK CAPITALS

Product Name: Electronic Health Record. Standards, Coding Systems, Frameworks, and Infrastructures

Web Address: http://www.researchandmarkets.com/reports/2178436/

Office Code: SC

Quantity

Hard Copy (Hard

Back): USD 111 + USD 28 Shipping/Handling Hard Copy (Hard

Back): USD 111 + USD 28 Shipping/Handling

Title: Mr Mrs Dr Miss Ms Prof

First Name: Last Name:

Email Address: * Job Title: Organisation: Address: City:

Postal / Zip Code: Country:

Phone Number: Fax Number:

(14)

Page 2 of 2

Payment Information

Please indicate the payment method you would like to use by selecting the appropriate box.

Please fax this form to:

(646) 607-1907 or (646) 964-6609 - From USA

+353-1-481-1716 or +353-1-653-1571 - From Rest of World

Pay by credit card: You will receive an email with a link to a secure webpage to enter your_{credit card details.}

Pay by check: Please post the check, accompanied by this form, to: Research and Markets,

Guinness Center, Taylors Lane, Dublin 8, Ireland.

Pay by wire transfer: Please transfer funds to:

Account number 833 130 83

Sort code 98-53-30

Swift code ULSBIE2D

IBAN number IE78ULSB98533083313083 Bank Address _{Ulster Bank,}

27-35 Main Street, Blackrock, Co. Dublin, Ireland. If you have a Marketing Code please enter it below:

Marketing Code:

Please note that by ordering from Research and Markets you are agreeing to our Terms and Conditions at http://www.researchandmarkets.com/info/terms.asp