Projectile

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;--

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Various models of the latest enemy Armored Force Vehicles encountered

and captured on the battlefield were shipped t o the Ordnance Research

and Development Center, Aberdeen, Maryland, for tests and examination.

Ballistic tests revealed the need for armor piercing ammunition with

greater penetrative power t o defeat the thick oblique armor plate being

used. Immediate steps were taken to provide our troops with ammunition

for the 90mm guns which possess the required penetrative ability. Three

armor piercing rounds for the Gun, 9Omm, M3 have been developed a1

detailed description of each and comparative penetration performarrws,

Y

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T A B L E O F

Page

Shot, Fired,

H . V . , , a . ,

DOmm, T10El.6

T e x t . .

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Text.

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2 Illustration o i A ? o l e t e round. .

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2 Illustration o P A o t .

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3 Firing T a b l e - ~ z ~ .

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3 1llustration.anetration of gun mantlet of "Panther" T a n k .

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4 Illustration

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E ~ n e t r a t i o n

of glacis plate of "Panther" T a n k .

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4 I l l u s t r a t i o ~ n e t r a t i o n

of lower nose plate of "Panther" T a n k . .

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5 Armor ~'eneT~ation

Curve.

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5

5;zs . , - 4%

Shot, ~ i x e d ~ ~ i ' . ,

90mrn,

T33

Text.?

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6 1 l l u s f i a ~ i a

of complete round. .

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7 I l l u s t r d ! $ ~

of shot. .

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7 Firin%'"P.&le.

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Firi~~g+:%ble.

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Illusth@on: Penetration of glacis plate of "Panther" T a n k .

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C O N T E N T S

3-t* I . _ '_

Page

Illustration: Penetration of glacis plate of "Panther" T a n k .

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11 Armor Penetration Curve. .

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Projectile, Fixed, A.P.C.-T., 90mm, M82

Text.

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Illustration of complete round.

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Illustration of projectile.

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Firing Table.

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Firing Table.

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Illustration: Penetration 254 in. armor plate

(55" obliq.)

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Illustration: Penetration 254 in. armor plate

(55"

obliq.) . .

Illustration: Penetration 1% in. armor plate

(55" obliq.)

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Armor Penetration Curve.

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General

Illustration: Comparison of complete rounds. .

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.17

Aiming D a t a Chart 90-B-1.

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SHOT, FIXED, H.V., A.P.-T.,

90mm, T30E16.

DESCRIPTION.

The Shot, N.V., A.P.-T., 90mm, T30ElG

is issued as a fised complete round for the Gun, 90mm,

R43 mounted in Gun Jlotor Carriage, At36 or 313631 and

Heavy Tank, T26E3. The shot is

a

light weight projectile,

consisting of a tungsten carbide core, aluminum body with

nose plug and windshield and steel base tracer loaded.

Length

:

Shot.

. . .

.13.20 in.

. . .

Complete Round

.35.90 in.

Weight

:

Shot.

. . .

.16.70 lb.

. . .

Complete Round

.3G.00 I b. (Approx.)

h1uzzle Velocity.

. . .

.3,350 f/s

PURPOSE.

T h i s i s a special hyper-velocit?y, armor piercing

round for attack of heatlily armored vehicles. I t gives greatly

increased penetratire pe~formance 11p to 2,000 yards range

over the standard

i1.P.P.-T.,

Projectile,

90mn2,

3182. I t i s

especially qfectire at shorter ranges. Since tztngsten carbide

i s a critical material these projectiles shoztld be nsed sparingl?~

and only when the sitzration requires increased armor pene-

tration. This shot will penetrate all plates of the German

Pz Kpfw V "Panther" and "King Tiger" Tanks.

IT WILL DEFEAT THE GLACIS PLATE OF TIIE "PANTHER" AT RANGES UP TO

450

YARDS AND OF THE "KING TIGER" AT

100

YARDS RANGE. UP TO RANGES OF

800

YARDS TIIE SHOT WILL PENETRATE THE GUN MANTLET AND TURRET FRONT O F BOTH T H E "PANTIIER" AND "KING TIGER'' TANKS.

FIRING

DATA. a. Aiming data charts are provided for

use with the fire control instruments on the Gun niotor

Carriages, LM3G and JI3GBl and, m a v y Tank, T2GE3.

T h e use of these charts provides direct-fire with the follow-

ing rounds:

Shot, AT.-T., T33

Projectile, .A.P.C.-T., 3182

Shot,

H.V.,

A.P.-T.,

T30E16

Sll~ll,

I-I.E.,

AX71

b. The following aiming data chilrts arc contained in

this brochure

:

A.D.C. 90-B-1, 90mm Gun, (with

mi

on Heavy Tank, T26E3 with Coaxial

'I'

and Periscope Telescopes, 3IIT7F and

318

A.D.C. 90-C-3, 90mm Gun, (without muzzle biake)

1113 on Gun JIotor Carriage, I f 3 6 or RX36Bl with Coaxial

Telescope, M76F.

(6)

c. Firing Tables are included in this booklet.

-

$ F Z , F

:

ACCURACY.

AZccuracy firings from the 313 Gun with the

:",.~-gi.ountls loaclecl for a

JZV

of 3,400 f/s have been conducted - - - -

-.--.--

with the T30 type shot a t a vertical target over a range of 2,100 yards. T h e extreme horizontal dispersion was

17

7nches and the extreme vertical dispersion 30 inches.

+-"

, +, -c.

- I - - -

PENETRATION.

A

curve showing the comparison of

-

' pna

penetrationvs. rangeof Projectile,

A.P.C.-T.,

3482and Shot,

₂

'?E'H.v.,

1Z.P.-T., T30E16 when fired against homogeneous

e*

armor plate a t 20' and 30° obliquity is contained in this

"'2

.-

r. report. Illustrations are included indicating results ob-

?wK'

tained with this shot against the "Panther" tank.

':?iyT

~ ~ A R K I N G . Special markings appear on each cartridge

p4=- -Tmq

.4-. _.- . _-+:case, container ant1 box in red paint.

7 . 3 $,

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GUN, 90MMr

M3m

SHOT, HIVII AIPlmTl, T30E16. M U Z Z L E VELOCITY, 3350 F/Sl

WEIGHT, 16.7 LBS.

C,,

1.109.

Range Elev. Time of M a x . Terminal Range Elev. Time of M a x . Terminal

Flight Ord. Velocity Flight Ord. Velocity

yards mils seconds feet f/s yards mils seconds feet f/s

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Complete penetration of gun mmtlet and turret front plate has been obtained against the German Pz Kpfw V "Panther" Tank by Shot, H.V., A.P., T30E16 at a range of 800 yards.

! j ; J ; ;

% r

I

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1 . % - * A'. ,

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---.

Complete penetration at the iuncture of machine gun ball mount with the glacis plate of German Pz Kpfw V "Panther" Tank by Shot, H.V., A.P., T30E16 at a range of 800 yards.

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Complete penetration of lower nose plate of German Pz Kpfw V

"Panther" Tank. Shot, H.V., A.P., T30E16 fired at a range of

(10)

SHOT,

FIXED,

A.P.-T.,

90mm,

T33.

DESCRIPTION. The SOmm Armor Piercing Shot T33 is issued as a fixed complete round for the Gun, SOmm, M3 mounted in Heavy Tank, T06E3 and Gun Motor Carriages, M36 and M36B1. The shot is a modification of the standard AP, M77 which has been reheat-treated and to which a ballistic windshield has been attached.

Length:

Shot.

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.14.78 in.

Complete round.

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.37.53 in.

Weight:

Shot.

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.!24.06 lb.

Complete round.

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.43.82 lb.

Muzzle Velocity.

. . .

.8,800 f /s

PURPOSE. This is the most effective shot for the defeat of high obliquify caliber thickness

homogeneous armor plate. The shot will defeat all plates of the German Pz Kpfw V

"Panther" Tank except the gun mantlet. IT WILL PENETRATE THE GLACIS PLATE OF THE

"PANTHER" TANK UP TO 1,100 YARDS RANGE.

FIRING

DATA. a. Aiming data charts are provided for use with the fire control instruments on the Gun Motor Carriages, M36 and M36Bl and Heavy Tank, T26E3. The use of these charts provides direct fire with the following rounds:

Shot, A.P.-T., T33

Shot, H.V., A.P.-T., T30E16 Projectile, A.P.C.-T., M82 Shell, H.E., M71

b. The following aiming data charts are contained in this brochure:

A.D.C. 90-13-1, 90mm Gun, (with muzzle brake) M3 on Heavy Tank, T2GE3

with Coaxial Telescope, M71C and Periscope Telescopes, M77F and M80D.

A.D.C. 90-C-3, 90mm Gun, (without muzzle brake) M3 on Gun Rlotor Car- riage, M36 or M36Bl with Coaxial Telescope, M'76F.

ACCURACY. Accuracy firings have been conducted with the T33 round loaded for a

M.V. of 2800 f/s and fired from a standard 90-mm Gun over a range of 700 pards

at a vertical target. An extreme horizontal dispersion of 16 inches and an extreme

vertical dispersion of 19 inches was obtained.

PENETRATION. Armor penetration curves for the shot compared with the standard

A.P.C.-T., M82 Projectile when fired against homogeneous armor plate a t 20" obliquity are contained herein. Included are illustrations of results obtained, with this shot, against the German Pz Kpfw V "Panther" Tank.

MARKING. A special marking in black appears on each cartridge case, container and

box :

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( WELDS

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Range yards 0 1 00 200 300 400 5 00 600 700 800 900 1 000 1100 1200 1300 1400 1500 1 600 1700

GUN, 9OMM,

MIw

SHOT, 9OMM, AwP.-Tw, T33w MUZZLE VELOCITY, 2800 F/Sw WEIGHT, 24.06 LBS.

Elevation mils 0.0 0.6 1.2 1.9 2.5 3.2 3.9 4.6 5.3 6.0 6.7 7.4 8.1 8.9 9.6 10.4 11 .9 19.0 Time of Flight sec 0.00 0.1 1 0.22 0.33 0.44 0.55 0.66 0.77 0.88 1

.oo

1 .I 9 1.24 1.36 1.48 1.61 1.73 1.85 1.98 M a x i m u m Ordinate feet 0 0 0 0 0 1 9 2 3 4 5 6 7 9 10 19 1 4 1 6 Terminal Velocity f /S 2800 2774 2747 2720 2694 2668 2642 261 5 2588 2562 2536 251 0 2484 2457 2431 2405 2379 2353 Range yards 1800 1900 2000 21 00 2200 2300 2400 2500 2600 2700 2800 2900 000 1 00 200 300 3400 3500 Elevation mils 19.8 13.6 14.4 15.2 16.0 16.9 17.8 18.7 19.6 20.5 21.4 22.3 23.3 24.3 25.3 26.3 27.3 98.3 Time of Flight sec 2.1 1 2.24 9.37 2.50 2.63 2.77 2.91 3.05 3.1 9 3.33 3.47 3.62 3.77 3.99 4.07 4.22 4.38 4.54 Maximum Ordinate feet 18 20 23 26 29 32 3 5 38 41 45 49 5 3 58 63 68 7 3 78 84 Terminal V e l o c i t y f/s 2328 2302 2276 9250 2225 2200 21 74 21 49 91 93 2097 2072 2048 2023 1998 1973 1948 1994 1900

(13)

GUN, 90MMI M3m SHOT, 90MMI AmPm-Tm, T33m M U Z Z L E

VELOCITY,

2800

F/Sm WEIGHT, 94.06 LBS.

Range Elevation Time of

Flight sec Maximum Ordinate feet 9 0 96 103 110 117 124 132 1 40 149 158 167 177 187 197 208 21 9 231 243 256 Terminal V e l o c i t y f

1 s

1876 1852 1828 1804 1781 1758 1734 1711 1688 1666 1644 1622 1600 1578 1556 1535 1514 1493 1472

Range Elevation Time of Flight Maximum Ordinate feet Terminal Velocity f

1 s

1459 1432 141 2 1392 1373 1354 1335 1316 1298 1280 1269 1244 1227 121 0 1193 11 77 mils 29.4 30.5 31.6 32.7 33.8 35.0 36.2 37.4 38.6 39.8 41.1 42.4 43.7 45.0 46.4 47.8 49.2 50.7 52.2 yards 5 500 yards 3600 3 700 3800 3900 4000 41 00 4200 4300 4400 4500 4600 4700 4800 4900 5000 51 00 5200 5300 5400 mils 53.7 sec

Note: When firing with the 90mm Gun, M3 without muzzle brake mounted in the G u n M o t o r Carriages, M 3 6 or M36B1 a d d 0.6 mils t o a l l values of elevation.

(14)

(15)

I

Complete penetration of glacis plate of German

PI

Kpfw V

(16)

Proicetile, Fixed, A.P.C.-T.,

M82 (2,800

f / r

M. V.)

DESCRIPTION. The M82 armor piercing projectile is issued as a fixed complete round for the Gun, 90mm, M3 mounted in Heavy Tank, T?6E3 and Gun Motor Carriages, M36 and MSBBI. The projectile has an armor piercing cap, ballistic windshield and an Expl. "D" bursting

charge which is functioned by the Fuze, B. D., MB8.

Length:

. . .

Projectile. .lB.40 in.

. . .

Complete Round. .38.?4 in.

Weight:

. . .

Projectile. .24.11 Ib.

. . .

Complete Round. .43.87 Ib.

. . .

Muzzle Velocity. .?,SO0 f 1s.

PURPOSE. The muzzle velocity of this round is 9,800 f/s. The armor piercing cap

makes this projectile especially efficient against thick face hardened armor plate. The bursting charge makes it extremely effective when penetrations are obtained.

PENETRATIONS CAN BE OBTAINED ON ALL PLATES O F T H E "PANTTIER'* AND ‘‘KING!

TIGER" TANKS EXCEPT FOR T H E GLACIS PLATE AND T H E G U N MANTLET.

FIRING

DATA. a. Aiming data charts are provided for use with the fire control instruments on the Gun Motor Carriages, M3(i and M36B1 and Heavy Tank, T26E3. The use of these charts provides direct fire with the following rounds:

Shot, A.P.-T., T33

Shot, H.V., A.P.-T., T30E16 Projectile, A.P.C.-T., M82 Shell, H.E., M71

b. The following aiming data charts are contained in this brochure:

A.D.C. 90-B-1, 9Omm Gun, (with muzzle brake) M3 on Heavy Tank, T?GE3 with Coaxial Telescope, M71C and Periscope Telescopes, M77F and M80D.

A.D.C. 90-C-3, 90-mm Gun, (without muzzle brake) M3 on Gun Motor Carriage,

R.136 or M3BB1 with Coaxial Telescope, M76F.

12

ACCURACY. Firings for accuracy with the round loaded for a M. V. of 2,800 f/s

from the M3 Gun over a range of 2,100 yards a t a vertical target gave an extreme horizontal dispersion of 41 inches and 70 inches extreme vertical dispersion.

PENETRATION. Armor penetration vs. range curves for the projectile when fired

against 20" and 30" obliquity homogeneous armor plate are included in this booklet. Illustrations showing the results of firings of this round against plates similar to those of the "Panther" tank are presented following this discussion.

MARKING. Special markings are painted in black on each cartridge case, container

and box.

(17)

Cross Section of Proiectile, AmP.C.-T., 90mm, M8P. Proiectile, fixed, A.P.C.-T, M 8 P for Gun, 90mm, M 3 .

(18)

Range yards 0 100 900 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000 1100 1 900 1300 1400 1 500 1600 1 700 1800

GUN, 90MM,

Ma. PROJECTILE, A.P.C.-T.,

M82. FUZE,

B.D.,

M68. M U Z Z L E VELOCITY, 2800 F/S. WEIGHT, 24.11 LBS.

Elevation mils 0.0 0.6 1.3 1.9 9.5 3 .9 3.9 4.5 5.2 5.9 6.6 7.3 8.1 8.8 9.5 10.3 11.1 11.8 19.6 Time of Flight sec 0.00 0.1 1 0.29 0.33 0.44 0.55 0.66 0.77 0.88 1

.oo

1.1 9 1 .94 1.36 1.48 1.60 1.79 1.84 1.96 9.08 Maximum Ordinate feet 0 0 0 0 1 1 9 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 10 19 14 16 18 Terminal Velocity f l s 9800 2777 2753 2729 2706 2683 2660 2636 261 2 2589 2566 9543 2520 2496 2473 9450 9497 2403 2380 Range yards 1900 9000 91 00 2200 2300 2400 9500 9600 2700 2800 2900 3000 31 00 3200 3300 3400 3500 3600 3700 Elevation mils 13.4 14.9 15.0 15.8 16.6 17.4 18.3 19.9 20.0 20.9 21.8 99.7 93.6 24.5 25.4 26.4 27.4 98.4 29.3 Time of Flight sec 9.91 4.34 9.47 2.60 2.73 2.86 3 .OO 3.1 4 3.28 3.42 3.56 3.70 3.84 3.99 4.1 3 4.28 4.43 4.58 4.73 M a x i m u m Ordinate feet PO 9 9 9 4 27 3 0 3 3 36 39 4 3 47 5 1 5 5 59 64 69 7 4 79 84 90 Terminal Velocity f l s 9357 9334 931 1 2288 2265 2242 2220

14

9198 * 21 76 21 53 21 30 21 08 9086 2063 2041 201 9 1997 1975 1953

(19)

9LE 1 EEE 1 6PE 1 99E 1 P8E 1 LOP 1 6LP1 LEV 1 SSP 1 ELPL 16P L 60s 1 8ZS 1 LPS 1 98P 99P LPP 8ZP 0 LP Z6E SLE 6SE EVE 8ZE E CE 666 S8Z ZLZ 96'0 1 6 L'O 1 OS'O 1 86'0 1 90'0 1 P8'6 39'6 LP'6 05'6 66'8 6Lm8 6S.8 6Em8 6 1'8 9'E L 6' LL Z'O L S'89 8'99 Z'S9 9 x 9 0'59 4'09 0'6s S'LS 1-95 9'PS Z.ES OOOL 0069 0089 OOL9 0099 OOS9 OOP9 00E9 0029 00 19 0009 006s Q08S OOLS 994 1 S8S 1 PO9 1 EZ9 1 ZP9 1 z99 1 189 1 LOL 1 ZZL 1 EPL 1 E9L 1 P8L 1 SO8 1 9Z8 1 LP8 1 898 1 688 1 0 1 6 1 1E6 1 SIj A+!3ola/\ IDU!wJal 6S6 LPZ SEZ PZZ E LZ

zoz

26 1 Z8 1 ZL 1 € 9 1 PS 1 9P 1 8E 1 OE 1 EZ 1 9 1 1 6 0 1 ZO 1 9 6 00'8 18'L Z9'L PP'L SZ'L LO'L 68'9 1 L'9 E S'9 9E.9 6 1'9 30'9 S8'S 89's ZSWS 9E'S oz-S PO'S 88'P 6' LS S'OS Z'6P 6'LP 9'9P E'SP 0' PP L'6P S' LP E'OP l'6E 6'LE L'9E 9'SE S'PE S'EE P'ZE Ern 1E E'OE SI!U 009s OOSS OOPS OOE

s

OOZS 00 1s 000s 006P 008P 00 LP 009P OOSP OOPP OOEP OOZP 00 l P OOOP 006E 008E ~ ~ J D A

(20)

Range yards 3 800 3900 4000 41 0 0 4200 4300 4400 4500 4600 4700 4800 4900 5000 51 0 0 5200 5 300 5400 5500 5600

GUN, 9OMM, M3. PROJECTILE, A.P8C8-T., M82. FUZE,

BmD8,

M68. M U Z Z L E VELOCITY, 2800 F/S. WEIGHT, 24.11 LBS.

Elevation mils 30.3 31.3 32.4 33.5 34.5 35.6 36.7 37.9 39.1 40.3 41.5 42.7 44.0 45.3 46.6 47.9 49.2 50.5 51.9 Time of Flight sec Maximum Ordinate feet Terminal Velocity f 1 s 1931 1910 1 8 8 9 1868 1847 1826 1805 1 7 8 4 1763 1743 1722 1701 1681 1662 1642 1623 1604 1585 1 566

Range Elevation Time of Maximum Terminal

Flight Ordinate Velocity

yards mils sec feet f

1 s

Note: When firing with the 90mm Gun, M 3 with muzzle brake mounted in the Heavy Tank, T26E3, add 0.4 mil to a l l values of elevation.

When firing with the 90mm Gun, M 3 without muzzle brake mounted in the Gun Motor Carriages, M 3 6 or M36B1, add 0.3 mil to a l l values of elevation.

(21)

Complete penetration of Projectile, A.P.C., M 8 2 (9800 f/s Complete penetration of Projectile, A.P.C., M 8 9 (2800 f/s M.V.) fired Proiectile, A.P.C., M 8 2 (9800 f/s M.V.) fired against 1.5 M.V.) fired against 9.5 in. of homogeneous armor at against 2.5 in. of homogeneous armor late at 55" obliquity. (Lower nose in. of homogeneous armor plate at 50'. (Side superstructure 55" obliquity. (Lower nose plate of "Panther" Tank i s 2.4 in. plate of "Panther" Tank i s 2.4 in. at !is0.) Penetration obtained at the plate of "Panther" Tank i s 1.5 in. at 40"). Penetration obtained at 55".) Penetration obtained at the following ranges: Rd. 5, following ranges: Rd. 5, Point Blank; Rd. 6,650 yards; Rd. 8, 950 yards. at the following ranges: Rd. 9,4800 yards; Rd. 10, 5450 yards;

(22)

Complete rounds for 90mm Gun, M 3 . N o . 1 -Proiectile,.A,P.C.-T., 90mm, M8P; N o .

P-

Shot, A.P.-T., 90mm, T33; N o . 3-Shot, H.V., A-.P.-T., 90mm, T30E16. All rounds assembled with Case, Cartridge, 90mm, MI 9.

(23)

90-mm GUN ,( W ~ t h muzzlr k o , T26E3 w / COAXIAL TELESCOPE, M 71 C A DC W- 8-1

ond PERISCOPE TELESCOPES (ADVANCC COCI) mA PT, WO1,nV.A P:T, PROJ,A PC-1. SIGUT DIAGRAM M L L . ) ( L . PROJ.4 PC-1. CLCV

1 3 3 ~ 3 0 ~ 1 5 YO2 ~n Y.L

*

2,eoows 3,3x)ils 2~300111 zgwtn 2,670(/.

z88-zI

:;;

&;J 2 -b05 - I

-4

- slGnT-Ltm- - - - 4 0 0 ---- 3 0 0 3 1 9 0 0 --- 1 2 0 0 ---- 9 0 0 - - -

4 --

,

-

₍

- -

0 - - - - - - - 100 ---- 6 0 1,300 --- 1,800 ----1,mO ---

.'-

2- _>. .- - I

- -

- - - 1,200 ---- 1,100 ---- 9 L 1,700 --- 2 3 0 0 ---- l,7OQ ---- --- &

".

-

I

- - * - - -

1,600 ----I,- - - - 1 2 4 2 2 0 0 --- & n o ---- 2 200 ---- --- .*C

-

_I _- _- - - - - - -2,100 ----1,soo ---- 15 9 2,600 --- 3 2 0 0 ----2,600 - - - - ---aE 24 ,

-

,

- 24 - - - . - - - _ZXK) _as00 _19.5 3,000 ---- --- @+

-

- - - I - -* . 2.m ----m ---- 2 3 4 3,400 --- .- -. ----

-

---a '*

,

-

u 3300 - - - ~ P O - - - - 2 7 5 I

-

- --- - - 7 0 0 ----3500 ---- 3 1 8 TO USE CHART: GET ESTIMATED RANGE

AWTC~CIAT;

YN COLUMN UNDER AMMUNITION BEIhG FIRED.

READ SIGHT SETTING FROL)*SIGHT",~GRAM

NOTE: BORE SIGHT ON THE INTERSECTION O F ~ T R E - ~ LINE, EXTENDED IF NECESSARY, AND THE

HORIZONTAL PORTION OF THE BORE S I G H CR&'"

I ...

90-nn, OUN,(rlarr, m z z l r kolu) M 3 an GUN MOTOR CARR. , M 3 6 a M 3 6 BlrlCOAXlAL TELESCOPE M 76F ' -' *.OC w - C - 5

( ~ A N c E COPY) SlfOl.4 P T , Y(OT,nV,APT. PROJ,APC-T, _{SIOWI DlAORAY} SHE^^, PKUJPC-T, €LEV.

133 T30EIS Y 1 2 Y7I Y E 2 #

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TO USE CHART: GET ESTIMATED RANGE AND LOCATE IN COLUMN WDER AMMUNITION BEING FIRED. READ SIGHT SETTING FROM SIGHT DIAGRAM.

MOTE: m E S W T ON THE INTERSECTION OF TN CENTER UNE,EXTENDED IF NECES!MRY,ANO THE HORIZONTAL PORTION OF TME BORE SIGHT CROSS.