Chapter 15: An Overview of Growth, Development, and Nutrition Test Bank
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. When the nurse notes that an infant can lift her head before she can sit, the nurse is assessing _____ development. a. specific to general b. proximodistal c. cephalocaudal d. general to specific ANS: C
Cephalocaudal development proceeds from head to toe.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension REF: p. 350, Figure 15-1 OBJ: 1 TOP: Cephalocaudal Development
KEY: Nursing Process Step: Assessment
MSC: NCLEX: Health Promotion and Maintenance: Growth and Development 2. A unique organization of characteristics that determines an individual’s pattern of
behavior is known as: a. environment.
b. heredity. c. personality. d. experience.
ANS: C
One definition of personality states that it is a unique organization of characteristics that determines the individual’s typical or recurrent pattern of behavior.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: p. 364 OBJ: 1 TOP: Personality Development KEY: Nursing Process Step: N/A MSC: NCLEX: Health Promotion and Maintenance: Growth and Development
3. An infant’s birth weight is 7 pounds, 8 ounces. The nurse can project the weight at 6 months to be _____ pounds. a. 12 b. 15 c. 18 d. 22 ANS: B
DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: p. 350, Figure 15-1 OBJ: 3 TOP: Weight Prediction
KEY: Nursing Process Step: Assessment
MSC: NCLEX: Health Promotion and Maintenance: Growth and Development 4. The nurse assessing patterns of growth in a child would investigate further if: a. previous weight was in the 75th percentile, and present weight is in the 25th
percentile.
b. height is in the 90th percentile, and weight is in the 75th percentile.
c. last weight was in the 5th percentile, and present weight is in the 10th percentile. d. weight is in the 50th percentile, and sibling’s weight at the same age was in the
75th percentile. ANS: A
The child showing a difference of two or more percentile levels from an established growth pattern should undergo further evaluation.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Analysis REF: p. 353 OBJ: 3 TOP: Growth KEY: Nursing Process Step: Assessment
MSC: NCLEX: Health Promotion and Maintenance: Growth and Development
5. A mother reports that she and her husband have had one child together, but both have children from previous marriages living in their home. The nurse will base the care planning on the fact this family type is a(n) _____ family.
a. nuclear b. blended c. alternate d. extended
ANS: B
A blended family involves the remarriage of persons with children. DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension REF: p. 351, Table 15-1
OBJ: 7 TOP: The Family KEY: Nursing Process Step: Planning MSC: NCLEX: Psychosocial Integrity: Psychosocial Adaptation
6. The mother of a 7-month-old reports that the first lower central incisor has erupted. She asks the nurse, “How many teeth will he have by his first birthday?” The nurse would explain that by 1 year of age, the infant usually has _____ teeth.
a. 2 b. 4 c. 6 d. 8
ANS: C
DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension REF: p. 380 OBJ: 10 TOP: Dentition KEY: Nursing Process Step: Implementation
MSC: NCLEX: Health Promotion and Maintenance: Growth and Development
7. At a well-baby visit, parents of a 6-month-old ask when to take the infant for the first dental visit. The nurse’s best response would be:
a. “If the teeth are brushed regularly, the child should see a dentist by 3 years of age.” b. “The first dental visit should be arranged after the first tooth erupts.”
c. “The child should have a dental examination when all deciduous teeth have erupted.”
d. “A dental visit by 1 year of age is recommended by the American Academy of Pediatric Dentistry.”
ANS: D
The Academy of Pediatric Dentistry recommends that the first dental visit occur by 1 year of age.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: p. 380 OBJ: 10 TOP: Dentition KEY: Nursing Process Step: Implementation
MSC: NCLEX: Health Promotion and Maintenance: Prevention and Early Detection of Disease
8. The nurse planning anticipatory guidance for the caregiver of a preschool-age child would explain that permanent teeth begin erupting about the age of _____ years. a. 4
b. 6 c. 8 d. 10
ANS: B
Permanent teeth do not erupt through the gums until the sixth year.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension REF: p. 380 OBJ: 10 TOP: Dentition KEY: Nursing Process Step: Planning
MSC: NCLEX: Health Promotion and Maintenance: Growth and Development
9. A mother asks the nurse how much food should be offered to her 2-year-old. The nurse responds that a good rule of thumb for serving size would be _____ tablespoons. a. 2
b. 3 c. 4 d. 5
ANS: A
DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: p. 376 OBJ: 7
TOP: Rule of Thumb for Serving Sizes KEY: Nursing Process Step: Implementation MSC: NCLEX: Health Promotion and Maintenance: Growth and Development
10. An assessment of a child’s nutritional status reveals the child is alert, with shiny hair, firm gums, firm mucous membranes, and regular elimination. This child’s nutritional status would be described as:
a. overnourished. b. undernourished. c. well nourished. d. borderline.
ANS: C
Well-nourished children show steady gains in height and weight and have shiny hair, firm gums and mucous membranes, and regular elimination.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Analysis REF: p. 378 OBJ: 7 TOP: Nutrition KEY: Nursing Process Step: Assessment
MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Physiological Adaptation
11. The nurse encourages a Puerto Rican family to bring food to a child because he is not eating the food served on his hospital tray. The nurse would expect the child to eat: a. dried beans mixed with rice.
b. crisp vegetables.
c. spaghetti and meatballs. d. wild berries, roots, and seeds.
ANS: A
A common food choice of Americans of Puerto Rican descent is dried beans mixed with rice. DIF: Cognitive Level: Analysis REF: p. 369, Table 15-6
OBJ: 7 TOP: Feeding the Ill Child KEY: Nursing Process Step: Implementation
MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Basic Care and Comfort
12. The nurse observes that a 2-year-old is able to use a spoon steadily at mealtime. The nurse recognizes that being able to self feed is important to the toddler in developing: a. good nutrition.
b. a sense of independence. c. adequate height and weight. d. healthy teeth.
ANS: B
By the end of the second year, toddlers can feed themselves. This helps them to develop a sense of independence.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension REF: p. 374, Table 15-3 OBJ: 5 TOP: Feeding the Healthy Child
KEY: Nursing Process Step: Assessment
MSC: NCLEX: Health Promotion and Maintenance: Growth and Development
13. To meet Erikson’s developmental task of industry, the nurse caring for a 7-year-old would choose an activity such as:
a. completing a 50-piece jigsaw puzzle. b. looking at a comic book.
c. playing a game of “I Spy” with the nurse. d. coloring a picture in a coloring book.
ANS: A
In the developmental period of late childhood, children are striving to develop a sense of industry. The completion of a jigsaw puzzle is industrious play.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Analysis REF: p. 368, Table 15-5 OBJ: 11 TOP: Personality Development
KEY: Nursing Process Step: Planning
MSC: NCLEX: Health Promotion and Maintenance: Growth and Development 14. The nurse recognizes Piaget’s concrete operational thinking when a:
a. 2-year-old says, “It’s nighttime” when his room is darkened. b. 4-year-old refers to the hospital as “my house.”
c. 5-year-old coloring a picture of a puppy says, “This is my puppy.” d. 7-year-old says, “I am sick because I have germs in my chest.”
ANS: D
The 7-year-old’s remark reflecting the cause and effect of germs and illness is an example of operational thinking. All other options are examples of preoperational thought, which is egocentric and symbolic.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Analysis REF: p. 362, Table 15-4 OBJ: 8 TOP: Cognitive Development
KEY: Nursing Process Step: Assessment
MSC: NCLEX: Health Promotion and Maintenance: Growth and Development
15. The nurse has discussed with the mother introducing solid foods to the 6-month-old infant. The nurse determines that the mother understands the information when she states the first food she will give to the infant is:
a. rice cereal.
b. yellow vegetables. c. egg yolks.
ANS: A
Solid foods are usually introduced at about 6 months of age starting with rice cereal, which is the least allergenic.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension REF: p. 376, Figure 15-9 OBJ: 7 TOP: Feeding the Healthy Child
KEY: Nursing Process Step: Evaluation
MSC: NCLEX: Health Promotion and Maintenance: Growth and Development
16. When the 8-year-old child comes to the school nurse with his central incisor in his hand and reports he knocked his tooth out on the water fountain, the nurse should:
a. give him an ice cube to suck on.
b. have him wash his mouth out with peroxide and water. c. wrap the tooth in a clean tissue.
d. wash off the tooth and place it in a container of milk. ANS: D
The tooth should be washed off and put in a container of milk to preserve it for possible reimplantation.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: p. 382 OBJ: 10
TOP: Loss of Tooth KEY: Nursing Process Step: Implementation MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Reduction of Risk
17. The mother of a 7-month-old states, “The baby is eating food now. Should I give him regular milk, too?” The nurse would respond:
a. “You should give the baby low-fat milk.”
b. “Try the milk. See if he has any digestive problems.”
c. “Continue breast milk or iron-fortified formula until 1 year of age.” d. “At this age, infants can tolerate lactose-free or soy-based milk.”
ANS: C
Whole milk should not be introduced before 1 year of age. Low-fat milk should not be introduced before 2 years of age.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: p. 374, Nursing Tip OBJ: 9 TOP: Nutrition and Health
KEY: Nursing Process Step: Implementation
MSC: NCLEX: Health Promotion and Maintenance: Growth and Development 18. When a small group of preschool-age children were playing house, each child was
pretending to be a particular family member. The nurse recognizes this as which type of play?
a. Parallel b. Cooperative c. Symbolic
d. Fantasy ANS: B
In cooperative play, children play with each other, each taking a specific role. DIF: Cognitive Level: Analysis REF: p. 383, Table 15-10
OBJ: 11 TOP: Play KEY: Nursing Process Step: Assessment MSC: NCLEX: Health Promotion and Maintenance: Growth and Development
19. When the nurse asks the 10-year-old Native American if he is ready to go to therapy, he does not answer immediately. The nurse assesses this as:
a. indecision.
b. considering the answer in silence. c. shyness with strangers.
d. fear of medical personnel. ANS: B
Native Americans value silence. They need to sit and consider matters before replying to questions.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Analysis REF: p. 364, Table 15-2 OBJ: 7 TOP: Ethnic Considerations—American Indian KEY: Nursing Process Step: Assessment
MSC: NCLEX: Psychosocial Integrity: Psychosocial Adaptation
20. A mother tells the nurse, “My 11-month-old son is not as active as my other children were at this age. He is the youngest of four and the older children love to dote on him.” Which factor is influencing this child’s language development?
a. Heredity b. Sex
c. Mother’s health during pregnancy d. Ordinal position
ANS: D
Motor development of the youngest child may be prolonged if the child is babied by others in the family.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Analysis REF: p. 355 OBJ: 7
TOP: Factors Influencing Development KEY: Nursing Process Step: Assessment MSC: NCLEX: Health Promotion and Maintenance: Growth and Development
21. The nurse explains that when a mother tells her 4-year-old child that balls should be played with outside and not inside the house, the child is likely to obey the rule because she:
a. does not want to be punished. b. wants to please her mother.
c. respects authority figures.
d. believes that following the rules is right. ANS: A
According to Kohlberg, children in the preconventional stage (4 to 7 years) are obedient to their parents for fear of punishment.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Analysis REF: p. 365, Table 15-3 OBJ: 8 TOP: Moral Development
KEY: Nursing Process Step: Assessment
MSC: NCLEX: Health Promotion and Maintenance: Growth and Development
22. When demonstrating a bath procedure to parents of Vietnamese origin, the nurse should avoid:
a. talking directly to the mother. b. exposing the child’s genitals. c. touching the child’s head. d. using cool water.
ANS: C
The Vietnamese are very sensitive about anyone touching a child’s head because that is where consciousness lies.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: p. 360, Table 15-2 OBJ: 7 TOP: Ethnic Considerations—Vietnamese KEY: Nursing Process Step: Implementation
MSC: NCLEX: Psychosocial Integrity: Psychosocial Adaptation
23. The nurse calculates the basal metabolic index (BMI) on an 8-year-old child who is 48 inches tall (1.2 meters) and weighs 100 pounds (45.4 kg) to be:
a. 28.9. b. 32.4. c. 34.8. d. 37.6. ANS: B
The formula for BMI calculation is weight in kg divided by height in meters (squared): 45.4 (weight in kg) divided by 1.4 (1.2 squared) = 32.4. A BMI of over 30 is classified as obese.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: p. 378, Skill 15-2 OBJ: 9 TOP: Calculation of BMI
KEY: Nursing Process Step: Implementation
24. To entertain a 5-year-old child, the nurse would suggest the developmentally appropriate choice of a:
a. Jack-in-the-box.
b. book of nursery rhymes. c. model airport with toy planes. d. model car construction kit.
ANS: C
At this age children are into creative play. The model airport with toy planes is the most developmentally appropriate.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Analysis REF: p. 383, Table 15-10 OBJ: 11 TOP: Play Activities
KEY: Nursing Process Step: Implementation
MSC: NCLEX: Health Promotion and Maintenance: Growth and Development
MULTIPLE RESPONSE
25. The pediatric nurse reminds a group of parents that children differ from adults in what way(s)? Select all that apply.
a. Higher metabolic rate
b. Greater surface area in relation to their weight c. Less mature organ systems
d. More fluid reserves
e. Continuously changing growth and development pattern ANS: A, B, C, E
Children are in a continuous growth and development pattern. Children have a greater surface area and a higher metabolic rate. All of their organ systems are not mature. DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension REF: pp. 352-353 OBJ: 2
TOP: Adult Versus Child KEY: Nursing Process Step: Implementation MSC: NCLEX: Health Promotion and Maintenance: Growth and Development
26. The nurse suggests what approach(es) for introducing a toddler to new foods? Select all that apply.
a. Serve one food at a time.
b. Avoid showing personal likes or dislikes.
c. Offer foods in small amounts, less than a teaspoon. d. Entice the toddler to eat with sweets.
e. Serve food warm. ANS: A, B, C, E
Foods should be introduced in small, warm servings, one food at a time. Sweets and milk should not be offered until after solid food.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: pp. 378-379 OBJ: 9 TOP: Solid Food KEY: Nursing Process Step: Implementation
MSC: NCLEX: Health Promotion and Maintenance: Growth and Development
27. Which healthy snack food(s) would the school nurse suggest to a group of adolescents? Select all that apply.
a. Bubble gum b. Chocolate-covered peanuts c. Raw vegetables d. Cheese e. Dried fruits ANS: C, D
Cheese and raw vegetables are acceptable healthy snacks. Bubble gum, chocolate-covered peanuts, and dried fruits all contain high amounts of sugar.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension REF: p. 381 OBJ: 9
TOP: Healthy Snacks KEY: Nursing Process Step: Implementation MSC: NCLEX: Health Promotion and Maintenance: Growth and Development
28. The nurse suggests to the parents of an obese 10-year-old that they use the Portion Plate for Kids placemat. How does this tool help with selection of portion sizes? Select all that apply.
a. Cartoon characters eating healthy foods b. Tips on healthy food choices
c. Portion measurement in tablespoons for common food d. Calorie values for cup-size portions of common foods e. Familiar objects such as a deck of cards to measure servings
ANS: B, E
The Portion Plate for Kids is a placemat that uses common objects such as a deck of playing cards or a baseball to measure serving portions.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension REF: p. 378 OBJ: 9
TOP: Portion Plate for Kids KEY: Nursing Process Step: Implementation MSC: NCLEX: Health Promotion and Maintenance: Growth and Development
COMPLETION
29. The nurse includes in the care plan for a Hispanic family to encourage visits from the ____________ ____________, or _______________, for a healing ceremony.
ANS:
folk healer, curandero
DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: p. 358, Table 15-2 OBJ: 7 TOP: Folk Healer or Curandero
KEY: Nursing Process Step: Planning
MSC: NCLEX: Psychosocial Integrity: Coping and Adaptation
30. The nurse assesses an unmet need in a hospitalized child who clings to his mother as she is about to leave. The basic needs, as described by Maslow, that are unmet in this case are __________ and ___________.
ANS:
love, belonging belonging, love
The child feels loss of love and the belonging of the family unit.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: p. 366, Figure 15-4, Table 15-3 OBJ: 8 TOP: Maslow’s Hierarchy
KEY: Nursing Process Step: Assessment
MSC: NCLEX: Psychosocial Integrity: Coping and Adaptation
31. The nurse cautions that children who are put to sleep with a bottle are at risk for a dental problem called ___________ _____________.
ANS:
nursing caries
The bacteriocidal effects of saliva decrease during sleep; therefore, when the saliva and the milk combine, they bathe the teeth in a mixture that encourages dental caries.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension REF: p. 381, Figure 15-14 OBJ: 9 TOP: Nursing Caries
KEY: Nursing Process Step: Implementation
MSC: NCLEX: Health Promotion and Maintenance: Growth and Development 32. The correct term for the child aged 4 weeks to 1 year is ______________. ANS:
infant
A child between the ages of 4 weeks and 1 year is termed an infant.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: p. 350 OBJ: 1 TOP: Infant KEY: Nursing Process Step: N/A
