Understanding IEC 61850 Basics

(1)

IEC 61850 Basics

(2)

IEC 61850 Basics

Part 1

§ Utility, Substation & Substation automation function

§ IEC & IEC 61850

§ IEC 61850 Data Model

§ Commonly used services of IEC 61850 (GOOSE, MMS)

§ Performance requirement

§ IEC 61850 basic engineering concept & Demo using PCM600 Part 2

§ ACSI & SCSM

§ The Goal of the IEC 61850 standard

§ Conformance testing handling & Tissues

§ IEC 61850 Ed 2.0 – A quick glance

§ IEC 61850 parts of the standard

§ Conformance documents

Content

Month DD, Year | Slide 2 © ABB Group

(3)

IEC 61850 Basics

(4)

Secondary substation Distribution substation 400 kV 66 / 33 kV 132/110 kV 24kV – 12kV Transmission substation Main substation 400 V Transformer

Utility - Overview

36kV

(5)

-An electrical substation is a subsidiary station of an electricity generation, transmission and distribution system where voltage is transformed from high to low

or the reverse using transformers. Electric power may flow through several

substations between generating plant and consumer, and may be changed in voltage in several steps.

(6)

Substation

Continued…

(7)

(8)

IEC

IEC 61850

The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is the world’s leading organization that prepares and publishes International Standards for all electrical, electronic and related technologies

IEC 61850 Ed 1.0 => Communication networks and systems in substations

IEC 61850 Ed 2.0 => Communication networks and systems for power utility

(9)

§ Protection

§ Earth fault, Over current, Distance etc

§ Control

§ Operation of switches (Circuit breaker, Isolators etc)

§ Monitoring

§ The position of switches

§ Current , Voltage, Power etc.

§ Warning & Alarming events

Substation automation functions

(10)

single-line diagram (SLD) is a simplified notation for representing a

three-phase power system

Single Line Diagram

(11)

Substation automation functions

Protection

Transformer CT -> Current Transformer VT -> Voltage Transformer Protection IED Protection IED

(12)

Substation automation functions

Protection

Continued…. © ABB Group May 12, 2015 | Slide 12 Transformer CT -> Current Transformer VT -> Voltage Transformer Line to transmit Power Protection IED Protection IED Fault Blocking information Fault current Fault current

(13)

Substation automation functions

Protection

Continued…. Transformer CT -> Current Transformer VT -> Voltage Transformer Protection IED Protection IED

(14)

Substation automation functions

Control

(15)

Substation automation functions

Control

Continued….

Transformer

CT -> Current Transformer

(16)

Substation automation functions

Control

Continued…. © ABB Group May 12, 2015 | Slide 16 Transformer CT -> Current Transformer VT -> Voltage Transformer Line to transmit Power Protection IED Protection IED

(17)

Substation automation functions

Monitoring

§ Switch position

§ Current, Voltage, power

§ Alarming conditions

(18)

Substation automation functions

Summary

*Apart from Station HMI, control and monitoring is possible locally at the IED or Switchgear *Arrow marks are shown only for explaining the The functionality

(19)

Substation automation function

Levels

Process level Bay level Station level

G O O S E REPORT Bay 1 Bay 2

IEC 61850 8-1 Station bus CONTROL

(20)

Substation automation function

Levels

G O O S E REPORT Bay 1 Bay 2

IEC 61850 8-1 Station bus CONTROL IE C 6 1 8 5 0 9 -2 P ro c e s s B u s MU – Merging Unit MMS

(21)

Substation automation function

(22)

Substation automation

Data Exchange

(23)

IEC 61850

Station bus

§Data is transferred mainly according IEC 61850-8-1:

§Control service

§Commands

§Report service

§Indications to IEC 61850 clients

§GOOSE service

§Indication and information exchange between bay level IEDs

§File transfer service

§Transmission of disturbance records

Note: Only commonly used services are mentioned. For more details on services refer IEC 61850 7-2 and IEC 61850 8-1

(24)

IEC 61850

Data model - Logical Node (LN)

§ Definition

§ An object which represent a specific function in a domain e.g

Substation automation, Hydro Power plant etc

§ A named grouping of data and associated services that is logically

related to a function.

§ Smallest part of a function that exchanges data.

§ Logical node classes are defined in IEC 61850 7-4

§ 4 letters are used for defining the logical node class e.g. STMP, XCBR

§ First letter represents the function group which belongs to e.g. in STMP, S

denote is logical node for a supervising function

§ A logical node type is created out of classes by adding prefix and

instance number as suffix e.g CNSCSTMP1

(25)

IEC 61850

Data model - Logical Node

LN class name

DO name

(26)

IEC 61850

Data model - Logical Node Type

Information from IEC61850 7-4 Ed (2.0)

LN Type from LN Class

CNCSTMP1

Alm Trip

(27)

IEC 61850

(28)

IEC 61850

Data model – Common Data Class

(29)

IEC 61850

(30)

IEC 61850

Data reference – From LN level

CNCSTMP1/Alm/stVal CNCSTMP1/Alm/q CNCSTMP1/Alm/t

(31)

IEC 61850

Logical Device (LD)

• Entity that represents a set of typical automation, protection or other functions

• It is a meaningful collection of LNs for performing a common action e.g. Monitoring, Protection , Control etc

Logical devices

IED Name (Technical Key)

(32)

IEC 61850

Data reference from communication interface

CNSCSTMP1

Alm Trip

(33)

IEC 61850

(34)

Substation automation function

Monitoring – Report Service

REPORT

Bay 1

Bay 2

IEC 61850 8-1 Station bus

(35)

IEC 61850

Report Service

Dataset CNC_1\CNCSTMP1\Alm (FC=ST) CNC_1\CNCSTMP2\Alm (FC=ST) CNC_1\CNCSTMP2\Alm (FC=ST)

FCDA => Used to group commonly used data attributes for easy retrieval Report Control block

Collection Attributes for Data exchange

(36)

IEC 61850

Report Service

Trigger

option Data change (DChg ) Quality change (QChg)

Data update (Dupd)

Type of

Reporting Buffered Un-buffered

Integrity (Cyclic)

Buffer Time (BufTm) General interrogation

(37)

IEC 61850

Report Service

BRCB – Buffered Report Control Block

Internal events (caused by trigger options data-change, quality-change, and data-update) issue immediate sending of reports orbuffer the events (to some practical limit) for transmission, such that values of data object are not lost due to transport flow control constraints or loss

of connection. BRCB provides the sequence-of-events (SOE)

(38)

IEC 61850

Report Service

URCB – Un-buffered Report Control Block

Internal events (caused by trigger options data-change, quality-change, and data-update) issue immediate sending of reports. If no association exists, or if the transport data flow is not fast enough to support it, events may be lost.

(39)

IEC 61850

GOOSE

Dataset

CNC_1\CNCSTMP1\Alm .stVal CNC_1\CNCSTMP2\Alm.q GOOSE Control block

Collection Attributes for Data exchange

• Generic Object Oriented Substation Event • Multicast

(40)

IEC 61850

GOOSE

APP-ID VLAN-ID

VLAN-PRIORITY MinTime

(41)

IEC 61850

GOOSE

T0 retransmission in stable conditions (no event for a long time).

(T0) retransmission in stable conditions may be shortened by an

event.

T1 shortest retransmission time after the event.

T2, T3 retransmission times until achieving the stable conditions time.

(42)

IEC 61850

Performance requirement

(43)

IEC 61850

(44)

IEC 61850

Performance requirement

Continued…

Type 1A “Trip”

The trip is the most important fast message in the substation. Therefore, this message has more demanding requirements compared to all other fast

messages. Same performance may be requested for interlocking, intertrips and logic discrimination between protection functions.

(45)

IEC 61850

Performance requirement

Continued…

Type 1B “Others”

All other fast messages are important for the interaction of the automation system with the process but have less demanding requirements compared to the “trip”. The performance for automation functions are typically between the response time of operators (order of 1 000 ms) and of protection (order of 10 ms). This performance is also valid for such messages between a substations automation systems and other local systems.

(46)

IEC 61850 Ed 1.0

Engineering - SCL

• Engineering information exchange is done using Substation Configuration

Language (SCL)

• XML format

• ICD, SCD,SSD are the file types used during engineering and are based on

SCL

• ICD IED Capability Description

• SCD System Configuration Description

• SSD System Specification Description

Note: IEC 61850 Ed 2.0 uses two more file types IID and SED for engineering

• SED System Exchange Description • IID Instantiated IED Description

(47)

IEC 61850 Ed 1.0

Engineering workflow

ICD

(48)

IEC 61850

IED Configurator

• Create the ICD file,

• To modify the data model, parameter and configuration values either for a new ICD file

• IED configurator is responsible for binding incoming data from other IEDs as defined within an imported SCD file to internal signals, e.g. by means of the SCL Input section, and for generating and loading the IED instance specific configuration data, which a CID file could be a part of.

• Write the Configuration into IED

(49)

IEC 61850

System Configurator

• Create IED instances

• Engineer the data flow between the IEDs, give addresses to them

Note: For the detailed capability of System Configurator, refer IEC 61850-6 Ed2.0 Page 109

(50)

IEC 61850

System Configurator

Continued…

• Create IED instances from IED templates

• Engineer the data flow between the IEDs, give addresses to them • Bind the logical nodes to the primary system

Note: For the detailed capability of System Configurator, refer IEC 61850-6 Ed 2.0 Page 109

(51)

IEC 61850 Ed 1.0

Engineering workflow

IED Configurator System

Configurator

§ Instantiation of 2 REC650 IEDs

§ Creation of Dataset for GOOSE service § Creation of GOOSE control block

§ Connecting to GOOSE data to subscribing IED § Creation of Dataset for Report service

(52)

IEC 61850 Basics

(53)

IEC 61850

ACSI – Abstract Communication Service Interface

ACSI defines

• A hierarchical class model of all information that can be accessed via a communication network

• E.g. get the list of Logical nodes under an LD

• Services that operate on these classes

• E.g. Control services like operate

• Parameters associated with each service

(54)

IEC 61850

SCSM – Specific Communication Service Mapping

It specifies the mapping of the objects and services of the ACSI (Abstract Communication Service Interface, IEC 61850-7-2) to MMS (Manufacturing Message Specification, ISO 9506)and ISO/IEC 8802-3 frames.

(55)

IEC 61850

(56)

IEC 61850

SCSM – Specific Communication Service Mapping

Continued..

Reference : http://blog.iec61850.com/2010/08/many-abstract-and-concrete-layers-in.html SCSM

(57)

IEC 61850

Long term stability

Application Domain Substation Application •Objects •Services Mapping 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 ISO/OSI

seven layer stack Communication Technology Abstract Interface Stack Interface Approach of IEC61850 Adaptation

per selected stack Long-term definition Safe-guarding investments Stack selection following state-of-art Communication technology Slow

Fast

MMS TCP/IP Ethernet

(58)

IEC 61850

(59)

IEC 61850

The goal of the IEC 61850 standard

Interoperability

The ability for IED’s from one or several manufacturer

to

exchange

information and

use

the information for the

their own functions.

Long Term Stability

The standard shall be

future proof

, i.e. it must be able

to follow the progress in

communication technology

as

well as evolving

system requirements

.

Free Configuration

The standard shall support different

philosophies

and

allow a free allocation of functions e.g. Can work in a

centralized architecture as well as distributed

(60)

IEC 61850

Interoperability

ABB SIEMENS ALSTOM

(61)

IEC 61850

§ What is needed for interoperability:

• Common standardized data model • Common standardized service model • Common standardized protocol

• Common standardized communication architecture • Common standardized engineering data exchange • Common standardized conformance tests

Interoperability

Continued.. IEC 61850 - 7-2, 8-1 IEC 61850 - 7-2, 8-1 IEC 61850 -7 -3, 7-4 IEC 61850 -7 -3, 7-4 IEC 61850 - 6 IEC 61850 - 6 IEC 61850 - 10 IEC 61850 - 10

(62)

IEC 61850

Free configuration

(63)

IEC 61850

Long term stability

Application Domain Substation Application •Objects •Services Mapping 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 ISO/OSI

seven layer stack Communication Technology Abstract Interface Stack Interface Approach of IEC61850 Adaptation

per selected stack Long-term definition Safe-guarding investments Stack selection following state-of-art Communication technology Slow

Fast

MMS TCP/IP Ethernet

(64)

IEC 61850

Standardised conformance test

IEC 61850 - 10 IEC 61850 - 10

UCA international user group (ucaiug) • Manages Quality program

• IEC 61850 Testing sub committee

• Set-up and maintain test procedures

• Accreditation procedures for test labs

• Sharepoint with documents, minutes of meeting and certificates

(65)

IEC 61850

Standardised conformance test

IEC 61850 - 10IEC 61850 - 10

Vendor independent Testing agency

Link for presentation from KEMA

(66)

IEC 61850

Tissues

• Technical Issues in the released standard

• http://tissues.iec61850.com/default.mspx

• *This site has no search unfortunately. However, you can search it using Google search, with the following search string:

• site:http://www.tissues.iec61850.com what-I-look-for Example:

site:http://www.tissues.iec61850.com maxAttributes

(67)

IEC 61850 Ed 2.0

(68)

IEC 61850 Ed 2.0

Extended Data Exchange

(69)

IEC 61850 Ed 2.0

(70)

IEC 61850 Ed 2.0

Parts of the standard

Reference : IEC 61850- 5 Ed 2.0

(71)

IEC 61850

Conformance documents

MICS

• Model Information Conformity Statement

PICS

• Protocol Information Conformity Statement

PIXIT

• Protocol Implementation Extra information

TICS

(72)

IEC 61850

Useful Links

Yammer IEC61850 Group LinkedIn 61850 Group IEC61850 Blog

(73)