Presentation for
zoom
National university of pharmacy Botany department
We can work in the zoom for 40 minutes!
When time runs out you will have to log in again with the same password.
If you have problems with zoom, then see the information in the viber.
You can find all information about conducting classes ,
lectures and schedule on the website of the
Botany Department.
Ecology is
a branch of science including human science, population, community, ecosystem, and biosphere. Ecology is the study of organisms, environment and how the organisms interact with each other and their environment. It is studied at various levels such as organism, population, community, biosphere, and ecosystem.Plant ecology is a subdiscipline of ecology which studies
the distribution and abundance of plants, the effects of
environmental factors upon the abundance of plants, and
the interactions among and between plants and other
organisms
Water is an important factor of plant life.
Depending on the water content, the plants are divided into four groups:
Xerophytes Hygrophytes
Mesophytes Hydrophytes
Epi
phytes
– live on other plants, absorption water and substances from environment all body (mosses, lichens) or by means of air roots. They are non-parasitically derives its moisture and nutrients from the air and rainKROK!!!
Plants, settling on the trees, have aerial roots, feed individually (photosynthesize). So there are …
A. parasites B. epiphytes
C. semiparasites D. ephemers
Xero
phytes
plants adapted to life in a dry or physiologically dry habitat
(salt marsh, saline soil, or acid bog, desert) by means of
mechanisms to prevent water loss or to store available water.
Plant grows in dry place, so is … A. hygrophyte B. mesophyte C. xerophyte D. hydrophyte E. epiphyte
KROK!!!
Meso
phytes
common land plants, which grow in situations that are neither
too wet nor too dry. These plants can neither grow in water or
waterlogged soils nor can they survive in dry places. In other words, mesophytes are the plants of those regions where
climates and soils are favourable.
Triticum aestivum - Wheat Daucus carota - Carrot
Pisum sativum –
KROK!!!
Plants, which grow in conditions of middle moisture, belong to such ecological group as … A. succulent B. hydrophyte C. hygrophyte D. xerophytes E. mesophyte
Hygro
phytes
plants which can grow in wet conditions
Equisetum arvense
horsetail
Polygonum hydropiper
Hydro
phytes
plants that have adapted to life in very wet places
Lotus
KROK!!!
Herb plant is dipped into water, so this plant is … A. mesophyte
B. hygrophyte C. hydrophyte D. xerophytes E. epiphyte
KROK!!!
Herbs that are submerged into water belong to ... A.hydrophytes
B. hygrophytes C. mesophytes D. xerophytes E. skiophites
A
bog (marsh)
is a wetland piece of land with coastal plants, helophytes. Their roots and stem bases are located in the ground under water, whereas stalks and flowers is over water.KROK!!!
Vegetations of wetland and poor soils are investigated; they are dominated by herbaceous and grassy moss plants. This is a hallmark for vegetation of ... A. marsh B. forest C. meadow D. steppe E. ruderal
Breathing roots (pneumatophores) of tropical trees growing in
marshy, silty places are going up in the air (negative geotropism) outgrowths with aerenchyma, allowing air to reach the
KROK!!!
A plant which grows on the soil with abundant moisture and lack of oxygen has well developed aerenchyma and ...
A. pneumatophores roots B. bulbs
C. hapteron roots D. contractile roots E. buttres roots
A
weed plants (undesirable plant)
is herbaceous plant not valued for use or beauty, growing wild and rank, and regarded as cumbering the ground or hindering the growth of superior vegetation.KROK!!!
One of these medicinal plants belongs to weeds. Which one: A. Plantago major B. Papaver somniferum C. Mentha piperita D. Convallaria majalis E. Salvia officinalis Plantain
Dangerous cosmopolitan weed
Ambrósia artemisiifólia - Ragweed
family Asteraceae (Sunflowers) is a dangerous cosmopolitan weed that causes allergic sinusitis,
KROK!!!
Many people develop allergic reactions during flowering of a quarantine weed, such as... A. Ambrosia artemisiifolia B. Equisetum arvense C. Stellaria media D. Erigeron Canadensis E. Convolvulus arvensis
Ephemeroids are an ecological group of perennial herbaceous plants with a very short vegetative period.
The vegetation period of ephemeroids can occur in early spring (various types of tulips, crocuses, bluebills, anemones, crested crests, spring Veronica, yellow goose onions, etc.), or in autumn (colchicum).
After the formation of fruits, life processes are suspended, and the aerial part of the plant completely dies.
However, it does not die, as underground organs (bulbs, tubers or rhizomes) remain in which during the growing season a stock of nutrients was accumulated.
Adonis vernalis - adonis spring belongs to these plants.
Ephemeroids
Lily-of-the-valley and ... belong to early-flowering of rhizomatous ephemeroids A. Adonis vernalis B. Carum carvi C. Állium cepa D. Chamomilla recutita E. Thymus serpyllum
KROK!!!
VITAL FORMS
or
LIFE FORMS
A term «vital form» is an ecological concept
that means groups of plants, similar in their
forms and methods of adaptation to the whole
complex of environmental factors and to all
specificity of the habitat
We give the generally accepted simplified system with some more precise definitions of forms, differing physiognomically from each other, especially for tropical and subtropical plants
TREES SHRUBS (bushes) SUBSHRUBS (half-shrubs) DWARF SUBSHRUBS (dwarf semishrubs) UNDERSHRUBS LIANAS
TREES – high perennial, which have wood shoots and their main root, or trunk is thickened considerable, lateral shoots are located high above the ground and branch
Aésculus hippocástanum Chestnut Betula verrucósa Birch Quercus robur Oak
SHRUBS (bushes) – are perennial plants up to 6 m height, all aboveground shoots are lignified, almost of identical size, locate and branch very low from the ground
Rúbus idáeus
Raspberry
Rosa canina
KROK!!!
Perennial plant with hight of 5 m has some lignified stems, which branch near the soil. This is …
A. bush B. tree C. liana
D. subshrub E. herb
SUBSHRUBS (half-shrubs) – are the same with shrubs, but less size, up to 50 centimeters
Salvia officinalis
Garden sage
Lavandula angustifolia
DWARF SUBCHRUBS (dwarf semishrubs) – are similar to under shrubs, but smaller
Ephedra distachya
UNDERSHRUBS – are wintering the above-ground shoots lignify only at the bottom and pass the winter, a top of shoot is green, dies off yearly
Thymus
LIANAS – are plants, using other plants as the support. They are incapable to hold vertical position, as their mechanical tissue
developed badly. Most typical for a moderate zone
Schisándra chinénsis
Chinese magnolia vine
Humulus lupulus
